2
2
2
1.
4 x 1−6 x 2=0
Solución:
1. Representamos el sistema de ecuaciones en formato de matriz:
[ 34 −2
−6 ][ y ] [ 0 ]
x = −13
|ac db|=ad−cd
∆=
[ 3 −2
4 −6 ]
=( 3 ) (−6 ) −( 4 )(−2 ) =−18+8=−10
|ac db|=ad−cd
∆ 2= [ 34 −13
0 ]
= (3 )( 0 )−( 4 ) (−13 )=0+ 52=52
∆1 ∆2 ∆3 ∆n
x 1= , x 2= , x 3 = , … , x n =
∆ ∆ ∆ ∆
∆1 78 −39
x 1= = =
∆ −10 5
∆2 52 −26
x 2= = =
∆ −10 5
Por tanto:
−39
x 1=
5
−26
x 2=
5
x1 +3 x 2−2 x 3 =17
4. 2 x1 −4 x 2 + x 3=−16
5 x 1 +2 x 2−4 x 3=21
Solución:
Representamos el sistema de ecuaciones en formato de matriz:
[ ][ ] [ ]
1 3 −2 x 17
2 −4 1 y = −16
5 2 −4 z 21
[ ]
1 3 −2
∆= 2 −4 1
5 2 −4
| | |
∆=1 −4 1 −2 3 −2 +5 3 −2
2 −4 2 −4 | |
−4 1 |
∆=1 |−42 −41 |=1 [ (−4 ) (−4 )−( 1) (2 ) ]=1[ 16−2]=1 (14 )=14
| |
∆=−2 3 −2 =−2 [ ( 3 ) (−4 )− (2 )(−2 ) ] =−2 [ −12+4 ] =−2 (−8 )=16
2 −4
| |
∆=5 3 −2 =5 [ ( 3 ) ( 1 )−(−4 ) (−2 ) ] =5 [ 3−8 ] =5 (−5 )=−25
−4 1
[ ]
1 3 −2
∆= 2 −4 1 =5
5 2 −4
[ ]
17 3 −2
∆ 1= −16 −4 1
21 2 −4
∆ 1=21 |−43 −21 |=21 [ ( 3)( 1) −(−4 )(−2) ]=21 [3−8]=21 (−5) =−105
Sumamos los tres determinantes:
∆ 1=238−128−105=5
Por tanto:
[ ]
17 3 −2
∆ 1= −16 −4 1 =5
21 2 −4
[ ]
1 17 −2
∆ 2= 2 −16 1
5 21 −4
| |
∆ 2=−2 17 −2 =−2 [ ( 17 ) (−4 )− (21 )(−2 ) ] =−2 [ −68+ 42 ] =−2 (−26 ) =52
21 −4
| |
∆ 2=5 17 −2 =5 [ ( 17 )( 1 )−(−16 )(−2 ) ]=5 [ 17−32 ] =5 (−15 ) =−75
−16 1
[ ]
1 17 −2
∆ 2= 2 −16 1 =20
4 21 −4
[ ]
1 3 17
∆ 3= 2 −4 −16
5 2 21
∆ 3=−2 |32 1721|=−2[ ( 3) ( 21)−( 2) ( 17) ]=−2[ 63−34 ]=−2( 29) =−58
∆ 3=5 |−43 17
−16 |
=5 [ ( 3 )(−16 )−(−4 ) ( 17 ) ] =5 [ −48+ 68 ] =5 ( 20 )=100
[ ]
1 3 17
∆ 3= 2 −4 −16 =−10
5 3 21
∆1 ∆ ∆ ∆
x 1= , x 2= 2 , x 3 = 3 , … , x n = n
∆ ∆ ∆ ∆
∆1 5
x 1= = =1
∆ 5
∆2 20
x 2= = =4
∆ 5
∆3 −10
x 2= = =−2
∆ 5
Por tanto:
x 1=1
x 2=4
x 3=−2
La solución al sistema de ecuaciones puede ser representada como un
escalar (1,4,-2). Dado que el sistema tiene un punto de intersección, es
consistente independiente.