DTZ
DTZ
DTZ
Consecuencias de la deforestación:
1. Pérdida de biodiversidad: Los bosques albergan más del 80% de las especies
terrestres del planeta. La deforestación destruye los hábitats de estas especies,
lo que lleva a la extinción de muchas de ellas. La Amazonía, por ejemplo, es uno
de los lugares con mayor biodiversidad del mundo, y está siendo destruida a un
ritmo alarmante.
2. Cambio climático: Los árboles juegan un papel crucial en la regulación del
clima. Absorben dióxido de carbono (CO2), un gas de efecto invernadero
responsable del calentamiento global. Cuando los árboles son talados o
quemados, liberan ese carbono almacenado, lo que aumenta las
concentraciones de CO2 en la atmósfera y contribuye al cambio climático.
3. Desertificación: La deforestación contribuye a la degradación del suelo, lo que
eventualmente puede llevar a la desertificación. Sin árboles para retener el
suelo, este se vuelve vulnerable a la erosión, lo que disminuye la fertilidad y
afecta la producción agrícola.
4. Disminución de los recursos hídricos: Los árboles juegan un papel crucial en
el ciclo del agua, ayudando a regular los flujos de agua y mantener los
acuíferos. La tala de bosques interrumpe este ciclo, lo que puede provocar la
disminución de los suministros de agua dulce.
5. Desplazamiento de comunidades indígenas: Muchas comunidades indígenas
viven en los bosques y dependen de ellos para su sustento. La deforestación
puede desplazarlas, destruyendo sus medios de vida y su cultura.
Logging: Commercial felling of trees for wood is another important cause. In many
cases, logging is unsustainable, meaning forests cannot regenerate properly.
Mining and resource extraction: Mining and oil and gas extraction involve clearing down
large areas of forest to access resources beneath the earth. This also pollutes the
surrounding environment.
Urban expansion and infrastructure: The construction of roads, cities and other
infrastructure projects requires the removal of forests.
Consequences of deforestation:
Loss of biodiversity: Forests are home to more than 80% of the planet's terrestrial
species. Deforestation destroys the habitats of these species, leading to the extinction
of many of them. The Amazon, for example, is one of the most biodiverse places in the
world, and it is being destroyed at an alarming rate.
Climate change: Trees play a crucial role in regulating the climate. They absorb carbon
dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. When trees are cut
down or burned, they release that stored carbon, which increases CO2 concentrations
in the atmosphere and contributes to climate change.
Declining water resources: Trees play a crucial role in the water cycle, helping to
regulate water flows and maintain aquifers. Clearing forests disrupts this cycle, which
can lead to dwindling freshwater supplies.
Sustainable agricultural practices: Agriculture should shift toward practices that do not
require the destruction of forests, such as agroforestry and conservation agriculture.
Legal protection of forests: Laws and policies to protect forests are essential. The
creation of nature reserves and protected areas can prevent illegal logging and the
expansion of the agricultural frontier.
Technology and monitoring: The use of satellites and drones allows deforestation to be
monitored in real time and detect illegal activities in protected areas.
ONU Medio Ambiente (UNEP): Ofrece datos y reportes sobre la pérdida de bosques y
sus efectos en la biodiversidad y el cambio climático.
Causas de la pérdida de biodiversidad:
Climate change: Rising temperatures and altered weather patterns affect ecosystems
and the distribution of species. Some cannot adapt quickly enough to these changes,
leading to their local or global extinction.
Pollution: Excessive use of pesticides, fertilizers and other chemicals contaminates soil,
water and air. Marine pollution from plastics and other waste also represents a serious
threat to marine life.
Invasive species: Species introduced into new ecosystems can compete with native
species for resources, prey on them, or alter their habitat. This can lead to an ecological
imbalance and, in some cases, the extinction of native species.
Food insecurity: Agricultural biodiversity, including the variety of crops and farm
animals, is vital for food security. The loss of this genetic diversity can make crops and
animals more vulnerable to diseases and pests.
Impact on human health: Biodiversity is key to the discovery of new medicines. The
extinction of species can mean the loss of potential medical treatments that have not
yet been discovered. Additionally, disruption of ecosystems can increase the spread of
zoonotic diseases (those that are transmitted from animals to humans).
Effects on climate change: Biodiversity-rich ecosystems, such as forests and oceans,
play an important role in regulating the climate. Deforestation and degradation of these
ecosystems release large amounts of carbon dioxide, exacerbating climate change.
Caribbean and Pacific Corals: Coral reefs, which are home to about 25% of marine life,
are being destroyed by rising water temperatures, ocean acidification and pollution.
This affects both marine biodiversity and coastal communities that depend on reefs for
fishing and tourism.