Papers by Mansour Nikpour
In hot and arid climate such as the weather in Kerman, overheating in internal spaces in a buildi... more In hot and arid climate such as the weather in Kerman, overheating in internal spaces in a building is crucial, especially in hot seasons. A large amount of heat gain is occurred though solar radiation and heat conduction. Most of heat gain is related to the size of window area. This paper investigated the correlation between the size of window area and amount of heat gain through solar radiation and heat conduction. This research was conducted through simulation program IES<VE>. Ten rooms with the same characteristics with different Window areas (from 10 % WWR to 100%WWR) were modeled in simulation program. Then, the amount of heat gain through solar radiation and conduction was calculated for 22nd of June. Finally, the results were compared for different models. The findings of this research indicated that there is a direct correlation between window size and amount of heat gain.
Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 2015
Abstract. Todays, advances in science and technology in the world cannot be overlooked. The progr... more Abstract. Todays, advances in science and technology in the world cannot be overlooked. The progress in all fields, especially architecture, is a new manifestation. In the past, a significant proportion of fossil energy has spent on cooling and heating of buildings. Sustainable outlook has been proposed in scientific circles. By the application of sustainability concepts in architecture, a new subject called sustainable architecture, green architecture, in the field of design, paying attention to the environment is sustainable. This research is based on documents and library works, trying to identify solutions that make a building sustainable. Because the understanding of the causes and foundations makes designers is more involved with environmental issues,including them in the planning, design and people can help the environment.
It seems that many designers do not know, from a non-designer viewpoint, what a pleasant building... more It seems that many designers do not know, from a non-designer viewpoint, what a pleasant building looks like. If designers are ever to have more pleasant buildings in the eyes of the majority of the residents who are not designers, this problem desires study and explanations which in this study the researcher tries to answer. Part of the solution lies in discovering the physical and cognitive property of the differences in aesthetic criteria in designers. The aim of the present study is to identify objective physical building cues that are connected to aesthetic quality in Architects and the designers of the buildings. The researcher used a quantitative questionnaire to find the values of each building attribute among architects. The results found that building attribute have different values among architects. Some physical cues are very important for architects and some are not so much important.
Abstract: In order for using building simulation tools, validation of building simulation should ... more Abstract: In order for using building simulation tools, validation of building simulation should be evaluated. Integrated Environmental Solution<Virtual Environment> (IES<VE>) is an environmental design tool which couples an intuitive 3-dimensional modeling interface with extensive performance analysis function covering different criteria such as day lighting, heat gain and energy. The validity of IES has been investigated by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) in term of different criteria. The objective of this study is to test IES simulation software in self shading room in term of heat gain through comparison the simulation result with experimental measurement of office room in actual self shading building in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Comparative method was used to find out the differences between experimental measurement and simulation result in term of heat ...
Disregarding the excessive consumption of energy to provide comfort in the residential units, esp... more Disregarding the excessive consumption of energy to provide comfort in the residential units, especially in cold and mountainous regions, is one of the problems of residential complexes in Iran. Although a lot of researches have been done in this field, the inattention to this matter not only causes energy crisis in the future but makes the residential complexes as the biggest environment polluter sources. On the other hand, the traditional architects of Iran have provided the residential areas, especially by considering the hard conditions of cold regions, with comfort by applying simple and available techniques and by the minimum use of fossil fuels. Therefore at the first of this research there’s a review on the regional specifics and climatic properties of cold and mountainous regions and then through the observation and former researches the specifics and strategies of residential areas architecture are discussed and reviewed from the viewpoint of providing comfort conditions b...
Abstract—In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using daylight to save energy ... more Abstract—In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using daylight to save energy in buildings. In tropical regions, daylighting is always an energy saver. On the other hand, daylight provides visual comfort. According to standards, it shows that many criteria should be taken into consideration in order to have daylight utilization and visual comfort. The current standard in Malaysia, MS 1525 does not provide sufficient guideline. Hence, more research is needed on daylight performance. If architects do not consider daylight design, it not only causes inconvenience in working spaces but also causes more energy consumption as well as environmental pollution. This research had surveyed daylight performance in 5 selected office buildings from different area of Malaysian through experimental method. Several parameters of daylight quality such as daylight factor, surface luminance and surface luminance ratio were measured in different rooms in each building. The result of t...
European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2015
Passive defence is a strategy to increase life quality, when Internal or external enemy is trying... more Passive defence is a strategy to increase life quality, when Internal or external enemy is trying to torment people and break the people stability. Old Iranian scientists of urban planning have planned some strategies to decrease such torments that nowadays are called passive defences. Nowadays passive defences is not considered in most houses and its importance is decreased. The most important factor in people welfare is their feeling of security in their private places that would be obtained by passive defence principles. Ignoring this case destroy feeling of sequrity. In Iranian traditional architecture some strategies were considered that are in accordance whit todays passive defence principles. This research is conducted to recognize these traditional strategies, by literature reviewing and field observation. Recognizing such strategies would result in knowledge that could be used in planning and improving of nowadays urban spaces by modern architects.
Nowadays, most of houses were designed and constructed without enough respect to the both environ... more Nowadays, most of houses were designed and constructed without enough respect to the both environmental and spiritual aspects of human being's life. As there is a close relation between human and nature, Iranian traditional architects have brought natural elements such as (water, soil, wind and light) the residential spaces as much as possible through designing central courtyard in houses. In this paper natural elements which are exist in central courtyard were investigated through observation and previous studies. Presence of each elements and then the role and importance of each elements and its effect on creating sustainability were clarified. The result of this research demonstrated that presence of natural elements with designing central courtyard help architect to create convenience condition for users environmentally and spiritually with respect to the hard climatic condition of desert area. Central courtyard and proper utilization of natural elements could be as useful strategies to comply the purpose of sustainable architecture for further designing.
Arts and Design Studies, 2012
Nowadays Universities are considered as one source of environmental pollution due to their popula... more Nowadays Universities are considered as one source of environmental pollution due to their population and different activities occur in universities’ campuses. A lot of energy and materials are consumed during teaching activities and research process in universities. Although some environmental protection strategies can be seen in some universities, but more sustainable approaches to reduce the negative impacts of those activities are neglected. Therefore, this paper reviews some strategies for achieving sustainable universities through economical, environmental and social aspects based on previous studies in terms of Planning, transportation, energy efficiency and indoor environment. Finding of this research can be used for designing future higher education spaces with sustainable approach. Keywords: Sustainable University, Planning, Transportation, Energy efficiency, Indoor environment
World academy of science, engineering and technology, 2011
Over half of the total electricity consumption is used in buildings. Air-conditioning and electri... more Over half of the total electricity consumption is used in buildings. Air-conditioning and electric lighting are the two main resources of electricity consumption in high rise buildings. One way to reduce electricity consumption would be to limit heat gain into buildings, therefore reduce the demand for air-conditioning during hot summer months especially in hot regions. On the other hand natural daylight can be used to reduce the use of electricity for artificial lighting. In this paper effective factors on minimizing heat gain and achieving required day light were reviewed.As daylight always accompanied by solar heat gain. Also interactions between heat gain and daylight were discussed through previous studies and equations which are related to heat gain and day lighting especially in high rise buildings. As a result importance of building's form and its component on energy consumption in buildings were clarified.
Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 2015
Abstract. In the monuments of the Islamic period, all designs were made according to pre-supposed... more Abstract. In the monuments of the Islamic period, all designs were made according to pre-supposed principles, and architectural structures were created with the most efficiency. No space was created by chance and all components of the monuments were examined beforehand, and then implemented. And in order to create thermal comfort in traditional architectural spaces, the least amount of fossil energy was used and the most benefit was obtained from the energy produced. This study looks through the architectural techniques used in traditional bathhouses in Iran which led to their high efficiency of the energy produced. This research was completed by the observation of a number of traditional bathhouses, and the study and review of previous related resources in Iran. The results show the high efficiency of the techniques applied in traditional baths for low energy consumption to create comfort conditions in such spaces.
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using daylight to save energy in buildi... more In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in using daylight to save energy in buildings. In tropical regions, daylighting is always an energy saver. On the other hand, daylight provides visual comfort. According to standards, it shows that many criteria should be taken into consideration in order to have daylight utilization and visual comfort. The current standard in Malaysia, MS 1525 does not provide sufficient guideline. Hence, more research is needed on daylight performance. If architects do not consider daylight design, it not only causes inconvenience in working spaces but also causes more energy consumption as well as environmental pollution. This research had surveyed daylight performance in 5 selected office buildings from different area of Malaysian through experimental method. Several parameters of daylight quality such as daylight factor, surface luminance and surface luminance ratio were measured in different rooms in each building. The result of this resea...
European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2015
In hot and arid climate regions such as Kerman , overheating spaces in a building is crucial, es... more In hot and arid climate regions such as Kerman , overheating spaces in a building is crucial, especially in hot seasons, which causes enhancing cooling load consequently causes increasing energy consumption for creating comfort condition in buildings. Lack of consideration to this problem, causes energy crisis in the first step and in the next step excessive environmental pollution is provided. Prior researches show that form and window area and window orientation in buildings have considerable effect on energy consumption in buildings. The purpose of this research is the effectiveness of different window’s orientations on cooling load in Kerman city with using simulation program IES . Ten rooms with the same characteristics with different Window areas (from 10% WWR to 100%WWR) in different orientations were modeled in simulation program. Then, the amount of cooling load was calculated for each model with different window area and orientations in 22nd of June. The results were c...
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil, Environmental, Structural, Construction and Architectural Engineering, 2011
lack of convenience condition is one of the problems in open spaces in hot and dry regions. Nowad... more lack of convenience condition is one of the problems in open spaces in hot and dry regions. Nowadays parks and green landscapes was designed and constructed without any attention to convenience condition. If this process continues, Citizens will encounter with some problems. Harsh climatic condition decreases the efficiency of people’s activities. However there is hard environment condition in hot and dry regions, Convenience condition has been provided in Iranian traditional architecture by using techniques and methods. In this research at the first step characteristics of Iranian garden that can effect on creating sustainable spaces were investigated through observation method. Pleasure space in cities will be created with using these methods and techniques in future cities. Furthermore the comparison between Iranian garden and landscape in today’s cities demonstrate the effectiveness of Iranian garden characteristics on sustainable spaces. Iranian architects used simple and avail...
World academy of science, engineering and technology, 2011
So much energy is used in high rise buildings to fulfill the basic needs of users such as lightin... more So much energy is used in high rise buildings to fulfill the basic needs of users such as lighting and thermal comfort. Malaysia has hot and humid climate, buildings especially high rise buildings receive unnecessary solar radiation that cause more solar heat gain. Energy use specially electricity consumption in high rise buildings has increased. There have been growing concerns about energy consumption and its effect on environment. Building, energy and the environment are important issues that the designers should consider to them. Self protected form is one of possible ways against the impact of solar radiation in high rise buildings. The Energy performance of building envelopes was investigated in term of the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV).In this paper, the amount of OTTV reduction was calculated through OTTV Equations to clear the effectiveness of self shading strategy on minimizing energy consumption for cooling interior spaces in high rise buildings which has consider...
Abstract. The elderly population are on the rise due to medical advances and reducing mortality a... more Abstract. The elderly population are on the rise due to medical advances and reducing mortality and fertility statistics. Therefore, careful planning and preparation should be done to meet the increasing elderly population.Neglecting physical and psychological needs of the elderly leads todisapointment and life satisfaction in elderlyand makes the weakness of old age more tangible. Nursing home is the first and simplest solution proposed to solve the problems of the elderlybut due tosome needs of older people like spiritual needs which are not relieved, another model named “old village” was proposed and implemented in the West.The purpose of this study is to achieve a social and functional space to meet all elderly’sneeds. But, lack of attention to the needs of mental and physical condition of the elderly in designingphysical space ofnursing homes, increases depression and reduce the life expectancy of the population. This research aimed to studyphysical space of nursing homes to me...
In order for using building simulation tools, validation of building simulation should be evaluat... more In order for using building simulation tools, validation of building simulation should be evaluated. Integrated Environmental Solution (IES ) is Considered an environmental simulation tools for analyzing the buildings performance in term of different criteria such as daylighting and heat gain and energy consumption The objective of this study is to test IES simulation software in self shading room in term of daylight through comparison the simulation result with experimental measurement of office room in actual self shading building in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Comparative method was used to find out the differences between experimental measurement and simulation result in term of daylight factor as a performance indicator of daylight.. Finding of this study reveals that the differences between simulation result and empirical measurement is in the acceptable range, It can be concluded IES has enough validity to calculate the amount of daylight factor in self shading rooms. Therefore IE...
Abstract. In hot and arid climate such as the weather in Kerman , overheating in internal spaces ... more Abstract. In hot and arid climate such as the weather in Kerman , overheating in internal spaces in a building is crucial, especially in hot seasons. A large amount of heat gain is occurred though solar radiation and heat conduction. Most of heat gain is related to the size of window area. This paper investigated the correlation between the size of window area and amount of heat gain through solar radiation and heat conduction. This research was conducted through simulation program IES . Ten rooms with the same characteristics with different Window areas (from 10% WWR to 100%WWR) were modeled in simulation program. Then, the amount of heat gain through solar radiation and conduction was calculated for 22 nd of June. Finally, the results were compared for different models. The findings of this research indicated that there is a direct correlation between window size and amount of heat gain.
The place is the main element of residents identity and the feeling of place is the factor that r... more The place is the main element of residents identity and the feeling of place is the factor that results in converting to person with special sensational and behavioral properties. Belonging feeling is one of important factors to evaluate the relation of human and environment and creating high quality humanistic media that are considered by designers. Whit this feeling, the humans whit differentiation and stability and security gain necessary relief to life. Hence with regard to the importance of place feeling and belonging in raising the quality of designed space, the present paper tries to study these two concept by descriptive-analytical strategy. Finally, it mentions some strategies to achieve the feeling of belonging to place in designing.
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Papers by Mansour Nikpour