Volume-4, Issue-2, April 2014 Of course depending upon the width of the inhabitable belt, as the ... more Volume-4, Issue-2, April 2014 Of course depending upon the width of the inhabitable belt, as the day will pass the temperature will vary, perhaps much more than what we are used to between various seasons on Earth. To escape the rising heat or the impending cold, the population would be forced to migrate towards darker or brighter sides, depending upon the time of the day, perhaps for hundreds or thousands of kilometres, depending upon the temperature variations and the size of the planet and width of the dusk band. We on Earth have day-night cycle with working or sleeping hours. With no day-night cycle, denizens of the tidally-locked planet would perhaps not evolve with sleep as a necessary ingredient of their daily life. Even on Earth there are perhaps many species, e.g., ants, which never sleep and work ceaselessly. May be denizens of the tidally-locked planet will also work incessantly their whole lives, migrating from one place to another without pause or stop. Rest assured there might be no rest for the whole day on such a plant. With no day-night cycle, no sleeping and waking hours, no office or school going daily routines followed by leisurely weekends, with perhaps hardly any diversions and adding to it the drudgery of restless migrations from one place to another, the life might sound dull to us denizens of the present-day Earth, but to the denizens of the tidally-locked planet it might not sound so boring as they would have evolved within a very different system with a very different "life-style".
Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments wi... more Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments will be brought up along with the mineral ores and discharged on the surface. These nutrient rich sediments would create a set of different physicochemical conditions at the point of ...
Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments wi... more Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments will be brought up along with the mineral ores and discharged on the surface. These nutrient rich sediments would create a set of different physicochemical conditions at the point of ...
An area of 0.6 km 2 in the manganese nodule field of the Central Indian Basin was physically dist... more An area of 0.6 km 2 in the manganese nodule field of the Central Indian Basin was physically disturbed and sediments discharged in the near bottom waters to simulate seabed mining and study its impact on benthic ecosystem. An estimated 2-3 tonnes of sedimentary organic carbon (C org) was resuspended into the water column during a 9-day experiment. The majority of the sediment cores from within the disturbed area and areas towards the south showed a ~30% increase in C org content as well as an increase in carbon burial rates after disturbance, though with a reduction in carbon/phosphorus ratios. High specific surface area (SSA~25 m 2 g-1) and low C org /SSA ratios (mostly <0.5) are typical of deep-sea sediments. The increased C org values were probably due to the organic matter from dead biota and the migration and redeposition of fine-grained, organic-rich particles. Spatial distribution patterns of C org contents of cores taken before and after disturbance were used to infer the direction of plume migration and re-sedimentation. A positive relationship was observed between total and labile C org and macrobenthos density and total bacterial numbers prior to disturbance, whereas a negative relationship was seen after disturbance owing to drastic reduction in the density of macrofauna and bacteria. Overall decrease in labile organic matter, benthic biota and redistribution of organic matter suggest that the commercial mining of manganese nodules may have a significant immediate negative effect on the benthic ecosystem inducing changes in benthic community structure.
... Atterberg limits: Average liquid limit (LL) of both cores is 166% am] plastio limit (PL) in 1... more ... Atterberg limits: Average liquid limit (LL) of both cores is 166% am] plastio limit (PL) in 1.10*.. TIiLh showH thai, sediments are cohesive. ... This shows thai: with increase in sand and clay content, specific gravity decreases and varies within.a small range (2.25-2.39). ...
... Anon., Deshabhimani (Malayalam), 24 March 2007, p. 10. 18. Iqbal, K., Chandrika (Malayalam), ... more ... Anon., Deshabhimani (Malayalam), 24 March 2007, p. 10. 18. Iqbal, K., Chandrika (Malayalam), 3 May 2007, p. 9. 19. Duraimurugan, P. and Mathew, D., Plant Prot. ... 381400. 3. Banakar, VK, Gupta, SM and Padma-vati, VK, Mar. Geol., 1991, 96, 167 173. ...
The Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) was subjected to tectonic reacti, vation in geological past... more The Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) was subjected to tectonic reacti, vation in geological past which is unusual for a basin occurring on an apparently , single tectonic plate. ENE-WSW trending latitude parallel zone of reactivation across the central part of the basin is reported. Distinct difference in characters of seamounts, . manganese nodules and bottom sediment are found in this deformed central part as . compared to those from northern and southern parts of th'is basin. Much lower ratio of height to basal width (h/Wb) of seamounts; and presence of several guyots in this' ; central part are reported. Abundance of smaller. spheroidal, smooth textured nodules and absence of index radiolarian zone I fossil, coupled with sediment erosion of to several centimeters indicate activity of west-bound Antarctic Bottom Water (ABW) , and other turbulent water masses that later passed through the reactivated central part. The cause of this deformation is attributed to wrench.faul...
... Authors: Sharma, R. Nath, BN Valsangkar, AB Khadge, NH Parthiban, G. Sankar, SJ Ansari, ZA In... more ... Authors: Sharma, R. Nath, BN Valsangkar, AB Khadge, NH Parthiban, G. Sankar, SJ Ansari, ZA Ingole, BS Raghukumar, C. LokaBharathi, PA Matondkar, SGP RameshBabu, V. Murty, VSN Babu, MT Sardar, A. ... URI: http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1264. ...
Indian Deep-sea Environment Experiment (INDEX) was carried out in a pre-selected area with low no... more Indian Deep-sea Environment Experiment (INDEX) was carried out in a pre-selected area with low nodule abundance and uniform sediment type, for the purpose of environmental impact assessment of future deep-sea mining activities. Geotechnical testing of sediments was part of this multidisciplinary programme and was carried out on siliceous sediments from the Central Indian Basin. Sediments showed change in undrained shear strength and natural water content due to a simulated disturbance experiment conducted in the area. An increase in water content and significant decrease in the shear strength was observed in sediment layer of 0-5 cm from the disturbance area, but no significant changes were noted outside the area of disturbance. High values of porosity and water content were due to presence of 10-20% radiolarian tests and water-absorbing montmorillonite. The prominent loss of undrained shear strength of the sediments exposed to physical disturbance would affect the bearing capacity ...
G e o t e c h n i c a 1 p r o p e r t i e s of I.he PI i o P l e i s t o c e n e s e ~ j i m e n ... more G e o t e c h n i c a 1 p r o p e r t i e s of I.he PI i o P l e i s t o c e n e s e ~ j i m e n t s f r o m nod111 e b e a r i n g area i n t h e C e n t r a l T n d i a n R a s i n h a v e b e e n s t l l d i e d t o know s h e a r s1;rengl:h a n d w a t e r cont;enl: v a r i a l i o n willh (3ept.h. T t r e v e a l a t h a t s u r f a c e s e d i men t:s h a v e 1 ow ( < l k P a ) s h e a r s t r e n g t h w h i c h i n c r e a s e s wit-h d e p t h . A v e r a g e 11ndra i n e d s h e a r s t r e n g t : h o f s j l . i c e o l ~ s s e d i . m e n t s i s 3.fikPa a n d a v e r a g e w a t e r c o n t e n t i s 430%. S e d i m e n t s h a v e h i g h p o r o s i . t y (88-9.3% ) a n d i m p l y c o m p r e s s i b l e n a t u r e . R i o t u r b a t e d l a y e r s show i n c r e a s e i n w a t e r c o n t e n t a n d r e d u c L i o n i n s h e a r s t r e n g t h . C a l c a r c o r ~ s core c o l 1 e c t e d f r o m n o d u l e b a r r e n a r e a i n d i c a t e s low w a...
... 107-П4 A Note on Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Krishna-Godavari Basin, East Coast of... more ... 107-П4 A Note on Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Krishna-Godavari Basin, East Coast of India JN Pattan, G. Parthiban, C. Prakash Babu, NH ... The elemental composition of Krishna and Godavari River bed sediments were carried out in detail earlier (Subramanian et al ...
Red clays of Central Indian Basin (CIB) under influence of trace of Rodriguez Triple Junction exh... more Red clays of Central Indian Basin (CIB) under influence of trace of Rodriguez Triple Junction exhibited chemoautotrophy, low temperature hydrothermal alterations and photoautotrophic potential. Seamount flank TVBC-08, hosting such signatures revealed dominance of aerobic anoxygenic phototroph Erythrobacter, with 93% of total 454 pyrosequencing tags. Subsequently, enrichments for both aerobic (Erythrobacter) and anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (green and purple sulphur bacteria) under red and white LED light illumination, with average irradiance 30.66Wm(-2), were attempted for three red-clay sediment cores. Successful enrichments were obtained after incubation for c.a. 120 days at 4°± 2°C and 25°± 2°C, representing ambient psychrophilic and low temperature hydrothermal alteration conditions respectively. During hydrothermal cooling, a microbial succession from anaerobic chemolithotrophy to oxygenic photoautotrophy through anaerobic/aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic microbes is indicat...
Volume-4, Issue-2, April 2014 Of course depending upon the width of the inhabitable belt, as the ... more Volume-4, Issue-2, April 2014 Of course depending upon the width of the inhabitable belt, as the day will pass the temperature will vary, perhaps much more than what we are used to between various seasons on Earth. To escape the rising heat or the impending cold, the population would be forced to migrate towards darker or brighter sides, depending upon the time of the day, perhaps for hundreds or thousands of kilometres, depending upon the temperature variations and the size of the planet and width of the dusk band. We on Earth have day-night cycle with working or sleeping hours. With no day-night cycle, denizens of the tidally-locked planet would perhaps not evolve with sleep as a necessary ingredient of their daily life. Even on Earth there are perhaps many species, e.g., ants, which never sleep and work ceaselessly. May be denizens of the tidally-locked planet will also work incessantly their whole lives, migrating from one place to another without pause or stop. Rest assured there might be no rest for the whole day on such a plant. With no day-night cycle, no sleeping and waking hours, no office or school going daily routines followed by leisurely weekends, with perhaps hardly any diversions and adding to it the drudgery of restless migrations from one place to another, the life might sound dull to us denizens of the present-day Earth, but to the denizens of the tidally-locked planet it might not sound so boring as they would have evolved within a very different system with a very different "life-style".
Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments wi... more Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments will be brought up along with the mineral ores and discharged on the surface. These nutrient rich sediments would create a set of different physicochemical conditions at the point of ...
Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments wi... more Abstract: It is anticipated that in the case of mining of marine minerals, sea floor sediments will be brought up along with the mineral ores and discharged on the surface. These nutrient rich sediments would create a set of different physicochemical conditions at the point of ...
An area of 0.6 km 2 in the manganese nodule field of the Central Indian Basin was physically dist... more An area of 0.6 km 2 in the manganese nodule field of the Central Indian Basin was physically disturbed and sediments discharged in the near bottom waters to simulate seabed mining and study its impact on benthic ecosystem. An estimated 2-3 tonnes of sedimentary organic carbon (C org) was resuspended into the water column during a 9-day experiment. The majority of the sediment cores from within the disturbed area and areas towards the south showed a ~30% increase in C org content as well as an increase in carbon burial rates after disturbance, though with a reduction in carbon/phosphorus ratios. High specific surface area (SSA~25 m 2 g-1) and low C org /SSA ratios (mostly <0.5) are typical of deep-sea sediments. The increased C org values were probably due to the organic matter from dead biota and the migration and redeposition of fine-grained, organic-rich particles. Spatial distribution patterns of C org contents of cores taken before and after disturbance were used to infer the direction of plume migration and re-sedimentation. A positive relationship was observed between total and labile C org and macrobenthos density and total bacterial numbers prior to disturbance, whereas a negative relationship was seen after disturbance owing to drastic reduction in the density of macrofauna and bacteria. Overall decrease in labile organic matter, benthic biota and redistribution of organic matter suggest that the commercial mining of manganese nodules may have a significant immediate negative effect on the benthic ecosystem inducing changes in benthic community structure.
... Atterberg limits: Average liquid limit (LL) of both cores is 166% am] plastio limit (PL) in 1... more ... Atterberg limits: Average liquid limit (LL) of both cores is 166% am] plastio limit (PL) in 1.10*.. TIiLh showH thai, sediments are cohesive. ... This shows thai: with increase in sand and clay content, specific gravity decreases and varies within.a small range (2.25-2.39). ...
... Anon., Deshabhimani (Malayalam), 24 March 2007, p. 10. 18. Iqbal, K., Chandrika (Malayalam), ... more ... Anon., Deshabhimani (Malayalam), 24 March 2007, p. 10. 18. Iqbal, K., Chandrika (Malayalam), 3 May 2007, p. 9. 19. Duraimurugan, P. and Mathew, D., Plant Prot. ... 381400. 3. Banakar, VK, Gupta, SM and Padma-vati, VK, Mar. Geol., 1991, 96, 167 173. ...
The Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) was subjected to tectonic reacti, vation in geological past... more The Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) was subjected to tectonic reacti, vation in geological past which is unusual for a basin occurring on an apparently , single tectonic plate. ENE-WSW trending latitude parallel zone of reactivation across the central part of the basin is reported. Distinct difference in characters of seamounts, . manganese nodules and bottom sediment are found in this deformed central part as . compared to those from northern and southern parts of th'is basin. Much lower ratio of height to basal width (h/Wb) of seamounts; and presence of several guyots in this' ; central part are reported. Abundance of smaller. spheroidal, smooth textured nodules and absence of index radiolarian zone I fossil, coupled with sediment erosion of to several centimeters indicate activity of west-bound Antarctic Bottom Water (ABW) , and other turbulent water masses that later passed through the reactivated central part. The cause of this deformation is attributed to wrench.faul...
... Authors: Sharma, R. Nath, BN Valsangkar, AB Khadge, NH Parthiban, G. Sankar, SJ Ansari, ZA In... more ... Authors: Sharma, R. Nath, BN Valsangkar, AB Khadge, NH Parthiban, G. Sankar, SJ Ansari, ZA Ingole, BS Raghukumar, C. LokaBharathi, PA Matondkar, SGP RameshBabu, V. Murty, VSN Babu, MT Sardar, A. ... URI: http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1264. ...
Indian Deep-sea Environment Experiment (INDEX) was carried out in a pre-selected area with low no... more Indian Deep-sea Environment Experiment (INDEX) was carried out in a pre-selected area with low nodule abundance and uniform sediment type, for the purpose of environmental impact assessment of future deep-sea mining activities. Geotechnical testing of sediments was part of this multidisciplinary programme and was carried out on siliceous sediments from the Central Indian Basin. Sediments showed change in undrained shear strength and natural water content due to a simulated disturbance experiment conducted in the area. An increase in water content and significant decrease in the shear strength was observed in sediment layer of 0-5 cm from the disturbance area, but no significant changes were noted outside the area of disturbance. High values of porosity and water content were due to presence of 10-20% radiolarian tests and water-absorbing montmorillonite. The prominent loss of undrained shear strength of the sediments exposed to physical disturbance would affect the bearing capacity ...
G e o t e c h n i c a 1 p r o p e r t i e s of I.he PI i o P l e i s t o c e n e s e ~ j i m e n ... more G e o t e c h n i c a 1 p r o p e r t i e s of I.he PI i o P l e i s t o c e n e s e ~ j i m e n t s f r o m nod111 e b e a r i n g area i n t h e C e n t r a l T n d i a n R a s i n h a v e b e e n s t l l d i e d t o know s h e a r s1;rengl:h a n d w a t e r cont;enl: v a r i a l i o n willh (3ept.h. T t r e v e a l a t h a t s u r f a c e s e d i men t:s h a v e 1 ow ( < l k P a ) s h e a r s t r e n g t h w h i c h i n c r e a s e s wit-h d e p t h . A v e r a g e 11ndra i n e d s h e a r s t r e n g t : h o f s j l . i c e o l ~ s s e d i . m e n t s i s 3.fikPa a n d a v e r a g e w a t e r c o n t e n t i s 430%. S e d i m e n t s h a v e h i g h p o r o s i . t y (88-9.3% ) a n d i m p l y c o m p r e s s i b l e n a t u r e . R i o t u r b a t e d l a y e r s show i n c r e a s e i n w a t e r c o n t e n t a n d r e d u c L i o n i n s h e a r s t r e n g t h . C a l c a r c o r ~ s core c o l 1 e c t e d f r o m n o d u l e b a r r e n a r e a i n d i c a t e s low w a...
... 107-П4 A Note on Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Krishna-Godavari Basin, East Coast of... more ... 107-П4 A Note on Geochemistry of Surface Sediments from Krishna-Godavari Basin, East Coast of India JN Pattan, G. Parthiban, C. Prakash Babu, NH ... The elemental composition of Krishna and Godavari River bed sediments were carried out in detail earlier (Subramanian et al ...
Red clays of Central Indian Basin (CIB) under influence of trace of Rodriguez Triple Junction exh... more Red clays of Central Indian Basin (CIB) under influence of trace of Rodriguez Triple Junction exhibited chemoautotrophy, low temperature hydrothermal alterations and photoautotrophic potential. Seamount flank TVBC-08, hosting such signatures revealed dominance of aerobic anoxygenic phototroph Erythrobacter, with 93% of total 454 pyrosequencing tags. Subsequently, enrichments for both aerobic (Erythrobacter) and anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (green and purple sulphur bacteria) under red and white LED light illumination, with average irradiance 30.66Wm(-2), were attempted for three red-clay sediment cores. Successful enrichments were obtained after incubation for c.a. 120 days at 4°± 2°C and 25°± 2°C, representing ambient psychrophilic and low temperature hydrothermal alteration conditions respectively. During hydrothermal cooling, a microbial succession from anaerobic chemolithotrophy to oxygenic photoautotrophy through anaerobic/aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic microbes is indicat...
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