Korolyov, Moscow Oblast
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| Korolyov (English) Королёв (Russian) |
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 Entrance to the city (October 2003) |
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 Location of Moscow Oblast in Russia |
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 Korolyov
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| Administrative status (as of March 2014) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Administrative center of | Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| Municipal status (as of May 2014) | |
| Urban okrug | Korolev Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Korolev Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head[3] | Alexander Khodyrev[3] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 183,402 inhabitants[4] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 98th |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[5] |
| City status since | 1938[6] |
| Previous names | Kaliningrad (until 1996)[6] |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 141060, 141062, 141065, 141067–141071, 141073–141080, 141089, 994009 |
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| [[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Korolyov]] on Wikimedia Commons | |
Korolyov or Korolev (Russian: Королёв; IPA: [kərɐˈlʲɵf]) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 183,402.[4]
It was known as Kaliningrad (Калинингра́д) since 1938 and served as the leading Soviet center for production of anti-tank and air-defense guns. In 1946, in the aftermath of World War II, the artillery plant was reconstructed for production of rockets, launch vehicles, and spacecraft, under the guidance of Russian scientist and academician Sergei Korolev, who envisioned, consolidated and guided the activities of many people in the Soviet space-exploration program. The plant which later became known as the RKK Energia, when the Vostok space vehicle was being developed this research center designated as NII-88 or POB 989. and Mission Control Center are also located in Korolyov.
In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.
Contents
History
In the 12th century, a Slavic settlement was located on the site of modern Korolyov. The settlement stood on a junction of trade routes between the Moscow and Vladimir-Suzdal principalities. After the Mongol conquests in the 13th century, the region was in decline. In the 18th century, one of the first textile factories in Russia was established here.
In 1924, the first OGPU working commune in the Soviet Union was established here. In 1938, the locality in place of the Kalininsky settlement near an artillery plant, which had previously been evacuated from Leningrad, was granted town status and named Kaliningrad.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Korolyov Urban Okrug.[2]
In June 2014, Yubileyny, Moscow Oblast Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction was merged into Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[8] and, on the municipal side, Yubileyny Urban Okrug was merged into Korolyov Urban Okrug.[2] The town of Yubileyny ceased to exist as an independent entity.[8]
Demographics
As of the 2010 Census, Korolyov was the fourth-largest city in Moscow Oblast, with a population of 183,402[4]—up from 142,568 recorded in the 2002 Census.[9] In the 1989 Census, the population was 189,513.[10] The surge in population in recent years is mostly because of an influx of new inhabitants considering it one of the most attractive places to live near Moscow.
Economy
The main enterprise of the city is the RKK Energia, but there are several kinds of industry in the city. This naukograd (science city) is the place in which was built the first Youth Residential Complex in the Soviet Union. Another notable company located in the city is OAO Kompozit, which is engaged in the field of materials science.
Sports
The bandy club Vympel[11] plays in the Russian Bandy Supreme League, which is the second-highest division.[12] Their home arena has a capacity of 10 000[1] and is now awaiting artificial ice.[2] In 2014 a bandy federation for the city was founded.[13]
Notable people
The area was a place of elite dachas at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Many famous people, such as Konstantin Stanislavsky, Anton Chekhov, Valery Bryusov, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Isaac Levitan, Pavel Tretyakov, Marina Tsvetaeva, and Vladimir Lenin, lived here.
Twin towns and sister cities
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Korolyov is twinned with:
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #11/2013-OZ
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #53/2014-OZ
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Encyclopedia Britannica. Entry on Korolyov
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Law #54/2014-OZ. Additionally, the town of Yubileyny was struck from the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast in August 2014.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Official home page
- ↑ "КАЛЕНДАРЬ —игр Первенства России по хоккею с мячом среди команд первой лиги — на сезон 2008/09 г.г." (in Russian language).
- ↑ The homepage of the town bandy federation (Федерация хоккея с мячом г.Королёв)
Sources
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №72/2015-ОЗ от 5 мая 2015 г. «Об отнесении города Озёры Озёрского района Московской области к категории города областного подчинения Московской области, упразднении Озёрского района Московской области и внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #72/2015-OZ of May 5, 2015 On Re-Classifying the Town of Ozyory in Ozyorsky District of Moscow Oblast as the Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction, on Abolishing Ozyorsky District of Moscow Oblast, and on Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №53/2014-ОЗ от 21 мая 2014 г. «О преобразовании городского округа Королёв и городского округа Юбилейный, о статусе и установлении границы вновь образованного муниципального образования», в ред. Закона №87/2014-ОЗ от 15 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Московской области "О преобразовании городского округа Королёв и городского округа Юбилейный, о статусе и установлении границы вновь образованного муниципального образования"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования, за исключением статей 4 и 5. Опубликован: Официальный Интернет-портал Правительства Московской области http://www.mosreg.ru, 23 мая 2014 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #53/2014-OZ of May 21, 2014 On the Transformation of Korolyov Urban Okrug and Yubileyny Urban Okrug, on the Status and the Border of the Newly Established Municipal Formation, as amended by the Law #87/2014-OZ of July 15, 2014 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Transformation of Korolyov Urban Okrug and Yubileyny Urban Okrug, on the Status and the Border of the Newly Established Municipal Formation". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication, with the exception of Articles 4 and 5.).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №54/2014-ОЗ от 21 мая 2014 г. «Об объединении городов областного подчинения Московской области Королёв и Юбилейный и внесении изменения в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: Официальный Интернет-портал Правительства Московской области http://www.mosreg.ru, 28 мая 2014 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #54/2014-OZ of May 21, 2014 On the Merger of Korolyov and Yubileyny Towns Under Oblast Jurisdiction in Moscow Oblast and Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Губернатор Московской области. Постановление №123-ПГ от 28 сентября 2010 г. «Об учётных данных административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Московской области», в ред. Постановления №252-ПГ от 26 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в учётные данные административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Московской области». Опубликован: "Информационный вестник Правительства МО", №10, 30 октября 2010 г. (Governor of Moscow Oblast. Resolution #123-PG of September 28, 2010 On the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #252-PG of June 26, 2015 On Amending the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast. ).
