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Turkmenistan

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Coordinates: 40°N 60°E / 40°N 60°E / 40; 60

Turkmenistan

Türkmenistan  (Turkmen)
Anthem
Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni
State Anthem o Independent, Neutral Turkmenistan

Location o  Turkmenistan  (reid)
Location o  Turkmenistan  (reid)
Caipital
and largest city
Ashgabat
37°58′N 58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E / 37.967; 58.333
Offeecial leidsTurkmen[1]
Inter-ethnic
leids
Roushie
Ethnic groups
(2003)
Demonym(s)Turkmen
GovrenmentUnitary dominant-pairty presidential republic unner an Authoritarian Regime
• Preses
Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
Akja Nurberdiýewa
LegislaturMejlis
Formation
1511
30 Apryle 1918
13 Mey 1925
• Declared state sovereignty
22 August 1990
• Declared unthirldom frae the Soviet Union
27 October 1991
• Recognised
26 December 1991
18 Mey 1992
Aurie
• Total
491,210 km2 (189,660 sq mi)[3] (53rd)
• Water (%)
4.9
Population
• 2014 estimate
5,171,943[4] (117t)
• Density
10.5/km2 (27.2/sq mi) (221st)
GDP (PPP)2017 estimate
• Total
$103.987 billion[5]
• Per capita
$18,771[5]
GDP (nominal)2017 estimate
• Tot
$42.355 billion[5]
• Per capita
$7,645[5]
Gini (1998)40.8
medium
HDI (2014)Increase 0.688[6]
medium · 109t
CurrencyTurkmen new manat (TMT)
Time zoneUTC+5 (TMT)
Drivin sidericht
Cawin code+993
ISO 3166 codeTM
Internet TLD.tm

Turkmenistan (Turkmen:Türkmenistan), cried Turkmenia (Roushie:Туркмения) an aa, is ane o the Turkic states in Central Asie. Till 1991, it wis a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is bordered bi Afghanistan tae the sootheast, Iran tae the sooth an soothwast, Uzbekistan tae the east an northeast, Kazakhstan tae the north an northwast an the Caspian Sea tae the wast.

Admeenistrative diveesions

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Provinces o Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan is dividit intae five provinces or welayatlar (singular welayat) an ane caipital ceety destrict. The provinces are subdividit intae destricts (etraplar, sing. etrap), which mey be aither coonties or ceeties. Accordin tae the Constitution o Turkmenistan (Airticle 16 in the 2008 Constitution, Airticle 47 in the 1992 Constitution), some ceeties mey hae the status o welaýat (province) or etrap (destrict).

References

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  1. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkmenistan_2008.pdf
  2. "Turkmenistan". CIA World Factbook. Archived frae the original on 12 Juin 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
  3. Государственный комитет Туркменистана по статистике : Информация о Туркменистане : О Туркменистане Archived 7 Januar 2012 at the Wayback Machine : Туркменистан — одна из пяти стран Центральной Азии, вторая среди них по площади (491,21 тысяч км2), расположен в юго-западной части региона в зоне пустынь, севернее хребта Копетдаг Туркмено-Хорасанской горной системы, между Каспийским морем на западе и рекой Амударья на востоке.
  4. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 12 Mairch 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. a b c d "Turkmenistan". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 Juin 2016.
  6. "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.