International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
Rules of thumb play an important role in making investment decisions. This study gives the rule o... more Rules of thumb play an important role in making investment decisions. This study gives the rule of a thumb/heuristic known as “Pleonexia rule” based on the trait of greed of an investor. The heuristic in the paper is developed using the Upper partial moment (UPM) ratio, which is based on upside risk only, nonrestrictive to normal distribution and risk-taking and risk-neutral investors can be accommodated. Portfolios are formed by using the monthly prices taken from Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period from Dec 1999 to June 2018. Two staged methodology is proposed for the development and empirical testing of the Pleonexia rule. At first stage forecasted the probabilities to know whether it is possible to develop such type of rule or not. At second stage the Pleonexia rule is developed and tested by using the probabilities. The results reveal that on average there are above 90% chances that the investors get minimum returns or gains by meeting the benchmark which is PSX-100 index. M...
Effectiveness is an essential ingredient of the organization. Organization's effectiveness is... more Effectiveness is an essential ingredient of the organization. Organization's effectiveness is affected if organizations knowledge sharing, stress and team building are affected by other factors those are resulting in decrease organization's effectiveness. This research paper examined major factors affecting organizations knowledge sharing, stress and team building among the managers and employees of different industries of Gujranwala, Pakistan. A questionnaire was used to extract the information that is used to classify organizations into hypothesized segments via Parsons moment correlation and also by using ANOVA and coefficient tests. Those factors which affect the organization's effectiveness are a burden of work, Lack of leadership skills and Lack of communication skills. These findings help the managers to realize how fair judgments have a valuable workforce in the course of improving team building and knowledge sharing in organizations effectiveness.
Change is something to replace with another so to match with the changing environment and to beco... more Change is something to replace with another so to match with the changing environment and to become a successful organization different organizations have clear impact on their organizational development. The objective of this study is to analyze the reasons of organizational change and cultural impacts on organizational development. 200 questionnaires were distributed and 170 out of 200 were received complete questionnaires at the response rate 85 % to analyze the impact of organizational culture Organizational change on Organizational development. To observe the impact of Organizational Change and Organizational Culture on Organizational Development Pearson’s moment correlation was analyzed and to test the effect of Organizational Change and Organizational Culture on Organizational Development linear regression was conducted. Results indicate that organizations have to change them for superior and developed organizations. Research limitations and future directions are also discuss...
This study focuses on Pakistan's financial sector companies, given the pivotal role of banks, ins... more This study focuses on Pakistan's financial sector companies, given the pivotal role of banks, insurance companies and NBFCs (Excluding Modarabas companies) in emerging markets. The study reviews the current state of CG practices and reforms in the financial sector. It contains the results of a survey "How the recent corporate governance reforms have been implemented by Pakistani banks, insurance companies and NBFCs with recommendations for further improvement". The study finds that since the introduction of a proper corporate governance framework in the country, a lot of improvements have been observed in different areas of corporate governance code, at least in letter if not in spirit. There are few very encouraging indicators showing the acceptance of reforms in the letter and spirit by the financial sector. However, still there are numbered of areas where a lot of attention is required both from stakeholders and policy makers and regulators. Finally, this study offers recommendations to regulators and policymakers for future improvement in the corporate governance framework for the financial sector in the country.
This paper estimates an optimal production levels for the different products manufactured at ICI,... more This paper estimates an optimal production levels for the different products manufactured at ICI, a multinational company in Pakistan. The revised simplex method is used to maximize the profit generated in 2010 subjected to cost resource constraints. The production of Polyester, Soda Ash, Paints and Chemicals are taken into consideration. The production of the Soda Ash is most productive contributing more to the objective function. In the year 2010, the company was earning R.s 3, 273,756,000 from the production of these products. This amount raises by R.s 189,708, R.s 989,238, R.s 15,594,377 and R.s 45,408,040 by changing production patterns within the first, second, third and fourth digits respectively. The company can earn significant profit by operating on the proposed production forecasts. The top management and decision makers can maximize the profit of the company within the name plate production capacity, setting up the future goals and outlook of the company.
International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences
Rules of thumb play an important role in making investment decisions. This study gives the rule o... more Rules of thumb play an important role in making investment decisions. This study gives the rule of a thumb/heuristic known as “Pleonexia rule” based on the trait of greed of an investor. The heuristic in the paper is developed using the Upper partial moment (UPM) ratio, which is based on upside risk only, nonrestrictive to normal distribution and risk-taking and risk-neutral investors can be accommodated. Portfolios are formed by using the monthly prices taken from Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period from Dec 1999 to June 2018. Two staged methodology is proposed for the development and empirical testing of the Pleonexia rule. At first stage forecasted the probabilities to know whether it is possible to develop such type of rule or not. At second stage the Pleonexia rule is developed and tested by using the probabilities. The results reveal that on average there are above 90% chances that the investors get minimum returns or gains by meeting the benchmark which is PSX-100 index. M...
Effectiveness is an essential ingredient of the organization. Organization's effectiveness is... more Effectiveness is an essential ingredient of the organization. Organization's effectiveness is affected if organizations knowledge sharing, stress and team building are affected by other factors those are resulting in decrease organization's effectiveness. This research paper examined major factors affecting organizations knowledge sharing, stress and team building among the managers and employees of different industries of Gujranwala, Pakistan. A questionnaire was used to extract the information that is used to classify organizations into hypothesized segments via Parsons moment correlation and also by using ANOVA and coefficient tests. Those factors which affect the organization's effectiveness are a burden of work, Lack of leadership skills and Lack of communication skills. These findings help the managers to realize how fair judgments have a valuable workforce in the course of improving team building and knowledge sharing in organizations effectiveness.
Change is something to replace with another so to match with the changing environment and to beco... more Change is something to replace with another so to match with the changing environment and to become a successful organization different organizations have clear impact on their organizational development. The objective of this study is to analyze the reasons of organizational change and cultural impacts on organizational development. 200 questionnaires were distributed and 170 out of 200 were received complete questionnaires at the response rate 85 % to analyze the impact of organizational culture Organizational change on Organizational development. To observe the impact of Organizational Change and Organizational Culture on Organizational Development Pearson’s moment correlation was analyzed and to test the effect of Organizational Change and Organizational Culture on Organizational Development linear regression was conducted. Results indicate that organizations have to change them for superior and developed organizations. Research limitations and future directions are also discuss...
This study focuses on Pakistan's financial sector companies, given the pivotal role of banks, ins... more This study focuses on Pakistan's financial sector companies, given the pivotal role of banks, insurance companies and NBFCs (Excluding Modarabas companies) in emerging markets. The study reviews the current state of CG practices and reforms in the financial sector. It contains the results of a survey "How the recent corporate governance reforms have been implemented by Pakistani banks, insurance companies and NBFCs with recommendations for further improvement". The study finds that since the introduction of a proper corporate governance framework in the country, a lot of improvements have been observed in different areas of corporate governance code, at least in letter if not in spirit. There are few very encouraging indicators showing the acceptance of reforms in the letter and spirit by the financial sector. However, still there are numbered of areas where a lot of attention is required both from stakeholders and policy makers and regulators. Finally, this study offers recommendations to regulators and policymakers for future improvement in the corporate governance framework for the financial sector in the country.
This paper estimates an optimal production levels for the different products manufactured at ICI,... more This paper estimates an optimal production levels for the different products manufactured at ICI, a multinational company in Pakistan. The revised simplex method is used to maximize the profit generated in 2010 subjected to cost resource constraints. The production of Polyester, Soda Ash, Paints and Chemicals are taken into consideration. The production of the Soda Ash is most productive contributing more to the objective function. In the year 2010, the company was earning R.s 3, 273,756,000 from the production of these products. This amount raises by R.s 189,708, R.s 989,238, R.s 15,594,377 and R.s 45,408,040 by changing production patterns within the first, second, third and fourth digits respectively. The company can earn significant profit by operating on the proposed production forecasts. The top management and decision makers can maximize the profit of the company within the name plate production capacity, setting up the future goals and outlook of the company.
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