Mammalian Biology - Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 2008
For the assessment of the habitat use of bats with consideration of a complexity of environmental... more For the assessment of the habitat use of bats with consideration of a complexity of environmental features a largescale multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed. Data were collected in April-September (1999 using mist-netting and bat-detectors (n ¼ 209 samplings) in Slovakia (n ¼ 160 sites). For the habitat description, 17 environmental variables that characterised the sampling site, tree-species composition and general character of surrounding forest were selected. In study sites, altogether 93% of Slovak chiropterofauna species were recorded but only 16 species (2466 individuals) were recorded in more than 5% of samplings. The most common and frequent species were Myotis mystacinus (frequency of occurrence ¼ 57%, species dominance ¼ 12%) and Myotis myotis (44%, 10%), followed by Barbastella barbastellus (32%, 6%), Plecotus auritus (32%, 6%), Nyctalus noctula (31%, 9%) and Myotis brandtii (31%, 7%). Of the tested environmental variables used in CCA analysis, 13 had significant influence on the species' presence. On the base of gradients in ordination analysis, there were two main groups of species. In the first ''true'' forest bats group the tree-dwelling and gleaning species Myotis bechsteinii, Myotis nattereri and P. auritus dominated. Their occurrence was connected mainly with old forests of natural tree-species composition. The second group comprised species, which foraged in more open space or along the forest edge (with the farmland) and avoided closed interior (particularly Eptesicus serotinus, N. noctula, Nyctalus leisleri, Pipistrellus pipistrellus). The presence of mountain species Eptesicus nilssonii and Vespertilio murinus was associated mainly with dominance of spruce. Suggested predictive modelling of species composition in forest bat assemblages in conditions of natural forests can help in nature conservation.
1 Sprá va NP Murá nska planina, J. Kráľ a 12, SK-050 01 Revú ca, Slovensko; snpmp@sopsr.sk 2 Agen... more 1 Sprá va NP Murá nska planina, J. Kráľ a 12, SK-050 01 Revú ca, Slovensko; snpmp@sopsr.sk 2 Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny Č R, Kališnická 4-6, CZ-133 00 Praha 3, Č esko; andreas@nature.cz 3 Zoologické oddělení PM, Ná rodní museum, Vá clavské ná m. 68, CZ-115 79 Praha 1
Bats in forest habitats of Slovakia. In 1999, 209 mist-netting sessions supplemented with bat det... more Bats in forest habitats of Slovakia. In 1999, 209 mist-netting sessions supplemented with bat detectoring were performed in various forest habitats. Bats were sampled on 160 sites, mostly in eastern and central Slovakia (100-1330 m a. s. l.). Habitat was described for each study site (tree species composition and age). Altogether 2540 bats of 25 species were recorded. The highest diversity (17 species) was found on the locality Kečovo (Slovak Karst). The following species were the most abundant in the studied forests: Myotis daubentonii, M. brandtii, M. mystacinus, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, M. myotis, Nyctalus noctula, N. leisleri, Eptesicus serotinus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Plecotus auritus and Barbastella barbastellus. An addition, smaller numbers of Myotis emarginatus, Eptesicus nilssonii, Vespertilio murinus, and P. austriacus were found. The results can be infl uenced by less intensive foraging of dome species in forest habitats as well as by a smaller sample size available from mountain areas. Both foraging sites and expected nursery roosts in forests were recorded in M. brandtii, M. mystacinus, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, P. auritus and B. barbastellus. Roosts in forests and foraging sites in forest ecotones or in more open habitats were charcteristic of M. daubentonii, N. noctula, and N. leisleri. Foraging of M. myotis, E. serotinus and P. pipistrellus was recorded, too. However, these species probably occupy roosts outside the forest. Species rare in Slovakia, i. e. M. dasycneme, M. blythii, N. lasiopterus, P. nathusii, and M. schreibersii occurred in forests only exceptionally. Because of the complicated species identifi cation, we did not have suffi cient data on Myotis alcathoe and Pipistrellus pygmaeus. Similarly, species of the genus Rhinolophus were not assessed since the used method was not appropriate (high sensitivity towards mist-net). Females signifi cantly prevailed over males only in four species (M. bechsteinii, N. leisleri, P. pipistrellus, and P. auritus).
Cross-checking of species listed in annexes of the EC Habitat Directive with national species lis... more Cross-checking of species listed in annexes of the EC Habitat Directive with national species list of fauna known in Slovakia resulted into validated list of the "Natura 2000 species". There are 149 species of animals reported in Slovakia, which are listed in annexes 2 or 4 of the Habitat Directive (10 species are considered to be extinct in the territory of Slovakia. There are 105 species and subspecies of Slovak fauna listed in annex 2 (14 of them are species of priority interest and 2 species are nor known from Slovakia recently. There are 114 species and subspecies occurring in Slovakia which are listed in Annex 4 of the Habitat Directive.
Mammalian Biology - Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 2008
For the assessment of the habitat use of bats with consideration of a complexity of environmental... more For the assessment of the habitat use of bats with consideration of a complexity of environmental features a largescale multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed. Data were collected in April-September (1999 using mist-netting and bat-detectors (n ¼ 209 samplings) in Slovakia (n ¼ 160 sites). For the habitat description, 17 environmental variables that characterised the sampling site, tree-species composition and general character of surrounding forest were selected. In study sites, altogether 93% of Slovak chiropterofauna species were recorded but only 16 species (2466 individuals) were recorded in more than 5% of samplings. The most common and frequent species were Myotis mystacinus (frequency of occurrence ¼ 57%, species dominance ¼ 12%) and Myotis myotis (44%, 10%), followed by Barbastella barbastellus (32%, 6%), Plecotus auritus (32%, 6%), Nyctalus noctula (31%, 9%) and Myotis brandtii (31%, 7%). Of the tested environmental variables used in CCA analysis, 13 had significant influence on the species' presence. On the base of gradients in ordination analysis, there were two main groups of species. In the first ''true'' forest bats group the tree-dwelling and gleaning species Myotis bechsteinii, Myotis nattereri and P. auritus dominated. Their occurrence was connected mainly with old forests of natural tree-species composition. The second group comprised species, which foraged in more open space or along the forest edge (with the farmland) and avoided closed interior (particularly Eptesicus serotinus, N. noctula, Nyctalus leisleri, Pipistrellus pipistrellus). The presence of mountain species Eptesicus nilssonii and Vespertilio murinus was associated mainly with dominance of spruce. Suggested predictive modelling of species composition in forest bat assemblages in conditions of natural forests can help in nature conservation.
1 Sprá va NP Murá nska planina, J. Kráľ a 12, SK-050 01 Revú ca, Slovensko; snpmp@sopsr.sk 2 Agen... more 1 Sprá va NP Murá nska planina, J. Kráľ a 12, SK-050 01 Revú ca, Slovensko; snpmp@sopsr.sk 2 Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny Č R, Kališnická 4-6, CZ-133 00 Praha 3, Č esko; andreas@nature.cz 3 Zoologické oddělení PM, Ná rodní museum, Vá clavské ná m. 68, CZ-115 79 Praha 1
Bats in forest habitats of Slovakia. In 1999, 209 mist-netting sessions supplemented with bat det... more Bats in forest habitats of Slovakia. In 1999, 209 mist-netting sessions supplemented with bat detectoring were performed in various forest habitats. Bats were sampled on 160 sites, mostly in eastern and central Slovakia (100-1330 m a. s. l.). Habitat was described for each study site (tree species composition and age). Altogether 2540 bats of 25 species were recorded. The highest diversity (17 species) was found on the locality Kečovo (Slovak Karst). The following species were the most abundant in the studied forests: Myotis daubentonii, M. brandtii, M. mystacinus, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, M. myotis, Nyctalus noctula, N. leisleri, Eptesicus serotinus, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Plecotus auritus and Barbastella barbastellus. An addition, smaller numbers of Myotis emarginatus, Eptesicus nilssonii, Vespertilio murinus, and P. austriacus were found. The results can be infl uenced by less intensive foraging of dome species in forest habitats as well as by a smaller sample size available from mountain areas. Both foraging sites and expected nursery roosts in forests were recorded in M. brandtii, M. mystacinus, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, P. auritus and B. barbastellus. Roosts in forests and foraging sites in forest ecotones or in more open habitats were charcteristic of M. daubentonii, N. noctula, and N. leisleri. Foraging of M. myotis, E. serotinus and P. pipistrellus was recorded, too. However, these species probably occupy roosts outside the forest. Species rare in Slovakia, i. e. M. dasycneme, M. blythii, N. lasiopterus, P. nathusii, and M. schreibersii occurred in forests only exceptionally. Because of the complicated species identifi cation, we did not have suffi cient data on Myotis alcathoe and Pipistrellus pygmaeus. Similarly, species of the genus Rhinolophus were not assessed since the used method was not appropriate (high sensitivity towards mist-net). Females signifi cantly prevailed over males only in four species (M. bechsteinii, N. leisleri, P. pipistrellus, and P. auritus).
Cross-checking of species listed in annexes of the EC Habitat Directive with national species lis... more Cross-checking of species listed in annexes of the EC Habitat Directive with national species list of fauna known in Slovakia resulted into validated list of the "Natura 2000 species". There are 149 species of animals reported in Slovakia, which are listed in annexes 2 or 4 of the Habitat Directive (10 species are considered to be extinct in the territory of Slovakia. There are 105 species and subspecies of Slovak fauna listed in annex 2 (14 of them are species of priority interest and 2 species are nor known from Slovakia recently. There are 114 species and subspecies occurring in Slovakia which are listed in Annex 4 of the Habitat Directive.
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