A:
I think you mean 'attorney' and 'lawyer.' This is a bit of a confusing subject, as there are lots of different names for people who practise law, and they vary across the UK and US (and I presume other English speaking countries.)
In the UK, the term 'lawyer' refers to anyone who practises law. It includes 'solicitors', who do most of the legal work outside of the courtroom, and 'barristers', who have passed a bar exam and defend clients in court. The term 'attorney' isn't really used in the UK.
I'm not 100% sure about the meaning of the words in the US - but as far as I understand, a 'lawyer' is someone who has a law degree and has passed the bar exam, but may or may not be licensed to practise law in their jurisdiction. An 'attorney' is someone who has passed the bar exam and is licensed to practise law in their jurisdiction.