Facultad de Arte, Arquitectura y Diseño

Coarse and fine particles were collected using an ambient particle concentrator (VACES system) in the north, center and south regions of Mexico City during May and November of 2003 with the aim of collecting enough particulate matter (PM) to examine their chemical and physical characteristics, biological content, and toxicity potential. The chemical, morphological and biological composition of PM was determined, together with the redox activity, induction of apoptosis and DNA damage. Carbonaceous species determined by thermal-optical transmittance (TOT) showed that the highest concentrations were found in PM2.5 from the north and in PM10 from the center. When analyzed by inductively coupling plasma (ICP), levels of metals were higher in the coarse fraction, mainly in the north. Morphological analysis by Scanning Electron Microscope & Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (SEM-EDX) is shown. Bacteria, fungi and endotoxin were present mostly in the coarse samples from the north. Fine PM had higher redox activity, than the coarse PM assessed by the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Early apoptotic cell death assessed by annexin V was observed in A549 cells exposed to PM from all regions, particularly with those collected in May. The fine fraction from the south induced higher apoptotic cell death compared to the coarse fraction, in contrast, the coarse fraction from the north induced significantly higher apoptosis than the fine fraction. All PM samples induced DNA damage assessed by the comet assay on THP-1 cells when exposed to a concentration of 10 μg/mL, the highest DNA damage was produced by both particle fractions collected in the north in May and November. In conclusion, PM from the north showed a higher metal and biological content, apoptotic cell death induction and more extensive DNA damage. Also, fine PM fractions from all sampled regions showed more redox activity than the coarse fraction. In summary, location, season and size of PM collection influenced their chemical, morphological and biological composition and thus their toxicity to cells.

86.6 % of Chile's population lives in urban areas (13.4% in rural areas) , according to the 2002 Census , cities that are part of daily life for most of us , yet we rarely stop to think of how these work, and what should be the rationale for its inhabitants coexist without segregation , spatial and economically integrating it one of the main elements " social housing "

Final thesis of Master Smart Cities Sustainability and urban management on "Improvement of the Public Administration System Through the GIS System in the Pedro Aguirre Cerda City Hall, DOM from Chile", where the incorporation of the GIS system is proposed to provide greater transparency in management of City Hall.

The smart house is a system composed of several cooperating agents, which make it possible to act autonomously in performing tasks, that in conventional houses are done by their inhabitants. The current work proposes a smart house capable: (a) of identifying the inhabitants in the house, (b) to adapt itself to the inhabitants preferences, as well as to modify itself to changes on these preferences, and (c)to maintain optimal levels of safety, energy saving and comfort. This work develops an identification and adaptation system for the smart house, based on a multiagent methodology. This approach simplifies the implementation of the communication policy among the agents; besides, it gives more flexibility to the system, by delegating to each agent a specific job in the house. New jobs are added to the system by simply developing the necessary agents to execute them. The system is built through the definition of all the tasks for the house; at this point, the agents and their relationships are defined, in order to properly execute the tasks. This system uses a pervasive human footstep sensor capable of recognizing the inhabitants of the house, through their weights and the characteristics of their locomotion. A neural network is used to learn and adapt to the daily habits of each individual, as well as to properly negotiate the changes in these patterns of behavior. In order to validate our idea, experiments were done with a room’s lighting system, the results of which show a very reliable system, capable to perform personalized actions in the house.

Paper presentado en el Seminario Artes visuales y políticas públicas: conflictos y desafíos de un territorio en construcción. Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes (CNCA). Organizado por el Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes (CNCA). 2007.
Los resultados de este Seminario fueron luego incluidos en la Política de fomento de las Artes Visuales 2010-2015
http://www.cultura.gob.cl/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/politica_artesvisuales.pdf

It is widely acknowledged the role-played by pedagogical content knowledge in selecting and adapting content into the most appropriate strategies and materials for student learning needs. Many researchers (Collopy, 2003; Davis, 2005; Deng, 2007) assert that curriculum materials are tools that, besides providing support and guidance about teaching, might help teachers to develop their pedagogical content knowledge. Little attention has been paid to the relationship between pedagogical content knowledge and the use of curriculum materials in the visual arts educational research.
Curriculum materials have occupied a relevant role in the last Chilean
educational reform. This policy comprised the provision of curriculum
materials for most subjects, thus promoting the development of a
competitive publishing market. However, these policies have omitted
curriculum materials for visual arts. Little is known about how secondary
visual arts teachers select, adapt and prepare curriculum materials, and how they use these in the classroom.
Based on four case studies of visual arts teachers in Chilean private subsidized secondary schools, this study explores teachers’ pedagogical
content knowledge through the adaptation, design and use of curriculum
materials. Additionally, special attention is paid to teachers’ perceptions
about the availability and effectiveness of these curriculum materials. The study involved semi-structured interviews, class observation and the analysis of curriculum materials and teachers’ planning.
This presentation outlines the four case studies involved in the study,
focusing on the findings of one particular case. From the overall analysis the author argues for the necessity to incorporate visual arts into the curriculum materials policy program.

Texto escrito para la exposición Líneas cámbricas del pintor Palito Wood, realizada entre agosto y septiembre de 2016 en el Centro de Extensión Pedro Olmos de la Universidad de Talca. Esta versión contiene algunas variariaciones del texto presentado en la exposición.

Entrevista al curador Ramón Castillo sobre la exposición La pieza que falta, Impactos, 1973 realizada en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Santiago. 
La conversación gira en torno a los tres ámbitos que se articula la exposición: la investigación que sustenta la curatoría; la curatoría entendida como critica institucional; y finalmente la puesta en escena de esta versión de Impactos.

Ensayo publicado en el libro Interiores urbanos: comercio, atraviesos e imaginario en las galerías del centro de Santiago, a cargo de los editores Rodrigo Mora y Marcelo Vizcaíno (2016).
Se examina la red de pasajes del centro de la ciudad,  valorando su aporte estético, visual y metafórico. Este ensayo es resultado de la investigación realizada en el contexto del proyecto "Revitalización de mercados, pasajes y galerías comerciales de Santiago: comercio singular en espacios singulares".
El proceso de trabajo implicó un proceso de investigación basado en las artes, cuyo objeto desarrollado fue un video ensayo (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUuqu6G2o_g).