Papers by Muhd Hafizi Idris
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013
This paper presents a study to investigate response of adjustable speed drives due to voltage sag... more This paper presents a study to investigate response of adjustable speed drives due to voltage sags. A small ASD of 0.39 kW, 50/60 Hz, and 400-480 V was used for testing how drives will respond to voltage sag types; A, B, C and D. The drive response is influenced by sag magnitude, sag duration and phase angle shift. Behavior of the diodes rectifier for conducting is influenced by sag magnitude and phase angle shift represented by sag of types C and D. The diodes rectifiers are reverse biased when it was supplied by voltage sags. Even though there are no charging currents to dc bus capacitor during voltage sags, the drives did not directly trip to certain sag magnitude and sag duration. Sensitivity of the ASD to voltage sag types is presented in voltage tolerance curve. Sag of type A produces highest sensitivity on the ASD and it trips for sag magnitude of 62.5% and 250 milliseconds in duration.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015
This paper reviews the performance of detailed and average model for distribution static compensa... more This paper reviews the performance of detailed and average model for distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) in order to remove voltage flicker, regulate the voltage at point of common coupling (PCC), power factor correction and harmonics elimination. In these models, d-q theory is used to extract fundamental active and reactive power components of the load currents which will be required to estimate the reference source currents. Both models are evaluated and compared in MATLAB/Simulink based simulation platform.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
The objective of this study was to diagnose the arcing fault signals based on the first peak of a... more The objective of this study was to diagnose the arcing fault signals based on the first peak of arrival method using antenna to assess its use as potential arcing fault detection in power system network. Square patch antenna and circle patch antenna were employed for detection on artificial arcing in real environment. First peak of arcing signal arrival was measured through an analysis over a range of time and amplitude signals detected. For accurate results, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) denoising technique was applied to the arcing signals detected as denoising tools. Analysis of first peak of signal arrival time and amplitude were carried out using MATLAB software to measure the changes in signals detected caused by di different placements of antenna. The results revealed that the first peak of signal arrival time, amplitude, type of antenna used and placement of the antenna around arcing source point all reflect the signals measurement.
2018 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD), 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a triangle loop antenna to assess ... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a triangle loop antenna to assess its use as a potential sensor in partial discharge (PD) impulse signals detection. PD impulse signals were measured over a frequency up to 100 MHz at 3 kV through Needle-Plate Electrode experiment. The experiment was conducted to create an artificial PD acting as a breakdown that causes insulation failure. Subsequently, the characteristic of PD impulse signals was captured by triangle loop antenna with variation of diameters and number of turns. The number of turns is up to three turns and diameters of triangle loop antenna intervals are 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm. Then, the Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) analysis was carried out to measure the frequency bandwidth. The results revealed that an experimental frequency is 32.01 MHz. Then, it can be observed that the amplitude value of peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp) for three turns 10 cm diameter of triangle loop antenna higher than the amplitude value...
2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE), 2019
Arc fault detection in a power system network is a vital diagnostic test for condition monitoring... more Arc fault detection in a power system network is a vital diagnostic test for condition monitoring in order to remain the consistency of the service. The issue of electrical faults has been largely investigated in the literature to foresee the existence of arc fault at the earliest stage. However, the identification measurement has faced noise disturbance from surrounding area. Thus, this paper presents an arc fault signals detection and analysis using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) technique as a denoising technique. The effectiveness that influence the different types of mother wavelets is analyzed based on calculated signal to noise ratio (SNR) before denoising and after denoising, mean square error (MSE), correlation coefficient (CC) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Each mother wavelet will be used to extract important features of a voltage signal from a single measurement point that were performed under 4th decomposition level using Universal (Sqtwolog) thresholding ...
This paper provides an overview method of ANFIS to improve the performance of locating and detect... more This paper provides an overview method of ANFIS to improve the performance of locating and detecting a single line to ground fault in medium voltage (MV) distribution power system network. For this research, the proposed method used faulted current signals from the network as an input in ANFIS to obtain the expected fault location and detection. In order to accurately locate the faults in the network, an ANFIS was trained and tested using various sets of data, which was obtained from the simulation of faults at various fault scenarios such as inception angle, load, fault location, and fault resistance. Based on the result obtain, the fault distance, major and minor branch of the single line to ground fault can be located with minimal error.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (FSAB 2021)
Typically, the relay must be wired from sensor terminals to relay terminals and from relay termin... more Typically, the relay must be wired from sensor terminals to relay terminals and from relay terminals to trip coils in the substation. This installation comes at a high cost to the utility since several relays are mounted in the substation to protect the transmission line, busbar, transformer, and other equipment. This article proposes a wireless Internet of Things (IoT) overcurrent relay that does not require the installation of wires to transmit measurements and signals from and to the relay. The relay scheme was developed using Matlab Simulink and the scheme model then was built and deployed into the Arduino Wi-Fi MKR 1010 which made the relay a standalone device. Simulink was also used to develop a transmission line system, and the simulation was performed in real-time. To exchange the data between transmission line and relay wirelessly, ThingSpeak platform was used as the cloud where the data are sent to and extracted from. From the real-time simulation, the relay successfully detected the set fault condition and sent the trip signal to open the circuit breaker. The result proves the feasibility of wireless relay to protect the power system. However, many other factors have to be considered and improved in the future to make wireless protection reliable and secure.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
This work proposes the dual axis solar tracker with mirror reflection for optimum output of solar... more This work proposes the dual axis solar tracker with mirror reflection for optimum output of solar panel by using arduino unoR3 as the control unit. The objectives of this work are to track and optimize the maximum output power of the solar panel by designing and developing a dual axis solar tracker with mirror reflection. The system includes a 10 watt solar panel, an arduino unoR3 and a customized mechanical body to carry the solar panel. This system will track and detect the angle of the sun to locate the surface of solar panel at the position and the angle where it can get maximum amount of energy. The sensors will detect the position of the sun and servo motors act as free moving neck to make it easier to move freely depending on the angle detected. The Light Depending Resistor (LDR) will be used in tracking system. These LDR will detect the existence of sunlight and therefore the mechanical hardware will move horizontal and vertical axis depending on the value of LDR detected to follow the angular degree of sun in order to get maximum and best result of absorbing energy. The final result obtained from dual axis solar tracker showed that the output power has been maximized compared to stationary panel. Based on the experimental result, it show that the designed system successful improve the performance of the solar panel.
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2017
Modular structured multilevel inverter is very useful for electrical application especially in hi... more Modular structured multilevel inverter is very useful for electrical application especially in high voltage and high power applications. The main function of this multilevel inverter is to produce multilevel AC output voltage from several separate DC sources. This project is to derive a newmathematical formulation of multilevel voltage source inverter switching instants. The proposed method for this project is based on the sinusoidal natural sampling PWM (SPWM) by comparing several modified modulation signal with a triangular carrier signal. This resulting intersection points between this modulation and carrier signal become the switching instants of the PWM pulses. Derivation also based on Alternative Phase opposition disposition (APOD). A cascaded multilevel inverter is selected as a topology for this project due to major advantages compare with other topology. The derived formula is analyzed by using MATLAB simulation software. It is found that the results that use the derived formula are almost identical to simulation result.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015
This paper aims to analyzing and probing the influences of power system harmonics on a differenti... more This paper aims to analyzing and probing the influences of power system harmonics on a differential relay used for distribution transformer protection. The increased use of nonlinear devices in industry, commercial and residential areas can lead to a significant increase the level of harmonic distortion in the power system. This harmonic has the significant effects to the differential protection systems components such as current transformer (CT) and relay. The CT tends to saturate due to the presence of current harmonics in power system, so it will produce magnitude secondary current error and make the differential relay to miss operations. The harmonic distortion effects on the differential protection have been investigated through laboratory test. To determine the CT errors when operates under harmonic condition, the CT has been test with certain level of THDi. The result of this testing was found that with increasing of the THDi, the magnitude of secondary current error increase...
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020
There are many types of fault location algorithms and one of it is simple impedance based fault l... more There are many types of fault location algorithms and one of it is simple impedance based fault location algorithm which is still widely used by power system utilities around the world mainly because of no communication channel exists between local and remote substations. The aim of this research is to study the combination effects of remote in feed current and fault resistance on the accuracy of simple impedance based fault location algorithm which is used to estimate fault location when the transmission line is connected to equivalent Thevenin sources from both ends. Simulation has been carried out using Matlab Simulink software for single line-to-ground fault and line-to-line fault. For each type of fault, fault location and fault resistance were varied for two conditions which were when remote breaker in open and remote breaker in close conditions. From the results, it can be concluded that remote in feed current will add additional error to the error due to the existence of fault resistance when fault resistance not equal to zero.
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2021
This paper presents the algorithms developed to detect and locate the faults at a hybrid circuit.... more This paper presents the algorithms developed to detect and locate the faults at a hybrid circuit. First, the fault detection algorithm was developed using the comparison of total positive-sequence fault current between pre-fault and fault times to detect the occurrence of a fault. Then, the voltage check method was used to decide whether the fault occurred at overhead line (OHL) or cable section. Finally, the fault location algorithm using the impedance-based method and negative-sequence measurements from both terminals of the circuit were used to estimate the fault point from local terminal. From the tests of various fault conditions including different fault types, fault resistance and fault locations, the proposed method successfully detected all fault cases at around 1 cycle from fault initiation and with correct faulted section identification. Besides that, the fault location algorithm also has very accurate results of fault estimation with average error less than 1 km and 1%.
4th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering, ICEESE2018, 2018
Auto-reclose relay is an important relay used to reenergize a line after the line was tripped by ... more Auto-reclose relay is an important relay used to reenergize a line after the line was tripped by main protection relay due to fault occurrence. Failure of auto-reclose relay to reenergize the line will make power can't be transmitted through the line and power system will be in stress condition. Knowledge of auto-reclose protection scheme is quite difficult to be understood and only few power system software has auto-reclose model for power system study and the software are costly. This research is about modelling auto-reclose relay and its' scheme using Matlab Simulink. The developed model has been developed with some limitations to simplify the modelling process and the results gained show the capability of Matlab Simulink software to be used to model the scheme for education and research purpose.
Journal of Engineering Research and Education, 2018
A Distance Relay typically used as main protection relay to protect transmission line from any ty... more A Distance Relay typically used as main protection relay to protect transmission line from any type of fault. It is very sensitive to voltage and current variation because it uses the impedance measurement principle to detect fault occurrence and fault zone. The impedance measured by distance relay might be different from the actual fault impedance from relay point until fault point because of various factors and one of it is load variation. This research aims to analyze the effects of load power factor variation on the accuracy of distance relay. Transmission line, three-phase source, three-phase load and distance relay were modeled using Matlab/Simulink software. Single line-to-ground (SLG) fault algorithm and Mho characteristic have been chosen in this research to analyze the effects of load variation. Power factor of the load was varied by varying load reactive power to be inductive and capacitive. From the results, it can be concluded that distance relay will be mal-operated for faults near zone reach setting when power factor is less than unity for either lagging or leading conditions.
2018 IEEE 7th International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2018
With the advancements in smart grid, communication technology, intelligent electronic device and ... more With the advancements in smart grid, communication technology, intelligent electronic device and substation automation, wide area applications for monitoring, protection, control and fault location becoming focused nowadays and improved from time to time. This research focuses on using wide area synchrophasor measurements for fault location in transmission network which acts as a backup to conventional fault location method. Simple reactance based methods together with a developed rules system are used to locate the possible affected line and its fault location. Using the developed rules and algorithm, fault location impedance will be compared at each synchrophasor bus connected lines for different fault types, then between connected lines and finally between synchrophasors buses. Faults at various locations with different fault resistances have been simulated and the results prove that the developed method can be used to locate the fault point and can be used as a backup to main fault location method. Future works also discussed how the method can be improved to get the best and accurate fault location results.
—Overcurrent relay is an important relay used to protect transmission and distribution feeders, t... more —Overcurrent relay is an important relay used to protect transmission and distribution feeders, transformer, bus coupler etc. It can be used as main or backup protection relays. The modeling of overcurrent relay and other protection relays is important in the research on the effects of network parameters and configurations on the operation of these relays. This research deal with modeling and simulation of inverse time overcurrent relay using commonly used Matlab/Simulink software. The developed model was tested with single line to ground fault and phase to phase fault with various fault locations and fault resistances to evaluate phase and earth detectors in sensing the fault current. Simulations results show the feasibility of the software to be used to develop the relay.
Uganda's electricity sector for long has been depending on hydro as a base power source. Diesel i... more Uganda's electricity sector for long has been depending on hydro as a base power source. Diesel is currently the second source of electricity which supplements the hydro power. The use of diesel has some implications; first, the price of fuel is high and therefore the energy produced is also expensive. Secondly, diesel power would not be a better option because of its immediate and long term effect on environment due to carbon emission and other pollutants that are often injected into atmosphere from diesel. This paper therefore examines the possibility of using solar PV systems as alternative to diesel as a source of electricity. The paper has also established that the tendency of depending on non-renewable sources of electricity can be minimized and at the same time reducing the cost of energy in the future.
2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOCO), 2013
ABSTRACT Main source voltage sags are short circuit faults in power systems. These fault currents... more ABSTRACT Main source voltage sags are short circuit faults in power systems. These fault currents propagate entire the circuits connected with them. After the fault is removed by circuit breaker opened, the system voltage may recover to its normal value, the motor will re-accelerate during recovering process accompanied by high transient currents. This paper presents an experimental test to investigate effect of various characteristics of voltage sags such as magnitude, duration, repetitive and multistage of voltage sags on performance of induction motors. Several small induction motors were used to this purpose. Sag magnitude significantly influenced on the current peaks and speed variation whereas sag duration significantly influenced only on the speed. The motor responses to magnitude and sag duration in repetitive and multistage events are different.
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Papers by Muhd Hafizi Idris