Bruno Surace
PhD in Semiotics and Media, Research Fellow in Film and Media Studies, University of Turin
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Papers by Bruno Surace
fiction, focusing particularly on the representation of alien religions in the
Star Trek (ST) universe. The case of ST is particularly significant because,
despite the secular orientation of its creator Gene Roddenberry, the series
consistently explores religious themes, integrating an epistemic horizon of
rationality with spiritual issues. The various ST series (TOS, TNG, DS9,
VOY, ENT) and the film Star Trek V: The Final Frontier (William Shatner,
1989) are analyzed, highlighting the development of an internal dialectic
between science and faith. This relationship is articulated through various
ideological declinations, starting from the dogma of the Prime Directive,
which prohibits the Federation from interfering with less developed civilizations,
raising important ethical questions. The discussion focuses on
how religious faith is often depicted as an illusory belief system that compensates
for the lack of adequate scientific knowledge, and how overcoming
these beliefs is seen as a civilizational advance. The article also investigates
a series of traditional components of religious discourse, focusing
on the representation of the figure of God (and multiple deities) and the
devil in science fiction cinema and ST, as well as the role of traditions and
religious scriptures, the archetype of the chosen one, and the idea of the afterlife. Through this analysis, the article demonstrates how ST uses science
fiction to explore and question religious themes, always maintaining
a rational and secular perspective while admitting mystery in certain circumstances.
The strength and longevity of ST lie in its ability to combine
narrative inventiveness and philosophical reflection, offering a vision of
the future based on cooperation, tolerance, and respect for spirituality as a
legitimate part of the human experience.
fiction, focusing particularly on the representation of alien religions in the
Star Trek (ST) universe. The case of ST is particularly significant because,
despite the secular orientation of its creator Gene Roddenberry, the series
consistently explores religious themes, integrating an epistemic horizon of
rationality with spiritual issues. The various ST series (TOS, TNG, DS9,
VOY, ENT) and the film Star Trek V: The Final Frontier (William Shatner,
1989) are analyzed, highlighting the development of an internal dialectic
between science and faith. This relationship is articulated through various
ideological declinations, starting from the dogma of the Prime Directive,
which prohibits the Federation from interfering with less developed civilizations,
raising important ethical questions. The discussion focuses on
how religious faith is often depicted as an illusory belief system that compensates
for the lack of adequate scientific knowledge, and how overcoming
these beliefs is seen as a civilizational advance. The article also investigates
a series of traditional components of religious discourse, focusing
on the representation of the figure of God (and multiple deities) and the
devil in science fiction cinema and ST, as well as the role of traditions and
religious scriptures, the archetype of the chosen one, and the idea of the afterlife. Through this analysis, the article demonstrates how ST uses science
fiction to explore and question religious themes, always maintaining
a rational and secular perspective while admitting mystery in certain circumstances.
The strength and longevity of ST lie in its ability to combine
narrative inventiveness and philosophical reflection, offering a vision of
the future based on cooperation, tolerance, and respect for spirituality as a
legitimate part of the human experience.
As a vast literature indicates, the face is the most versatile interface of human interaction: most known societies simply could not function without faces. Through them, human beings manifest and perceive cognitions, emotions, and actions, being able, thus, to coordinate with each other. The centrality of the face is such that it is often attributed to non-human entities too, like animals, plants, objects, or even landscapes and, in certain circumstances, countries and cultural heritage. Symmetrically, defacing people literally means denying their faces, debasing their humanity. Such centrality of the face is the outcome of biological evolution, as well as the product of cultural post-speciation and social contextualization. On the one hand, as Darwin already showed in a seminal essay, the facial expression of some emotions, like shame, cannot be faked; on the other hand, countless cultural devices can alter faces, from makeup to tattoo, from hairdressing to aesthetic surgery.
The social centrality of the face manifests itself also in the omnipresence of its representations. The human brain is hardwired to detect face-shaped visual patterns in the environment, as the phenomenon of pareidolia or the syndrome of Charles Bonnet indicate; at the same time, most human cultures have extensively represented the human face in multifarious contexts, with several materials, and through different techniques, from the funerary masks of ancient Egypt until the hyper-realistic portraits of present-day digital art. Depicting the face, moreover, plays a primary role in religions, with Christianity setting the long-term influential tradition of a deity that shows itself through a human face whereas other traditions, like Judaism or Islam, strictly regulate the representation of the human countenance so as to avoid blasphemy.
Within this complex trans-historical and trans-cultural framework, the symposium essentially revolves around a straightforward hypothesis: since the face is so central in human behavior, facial images that are considered as produced by a non-human agency receive a special aura throughout history and cultures, as if they were endowed with extraordinary powers. Furthermore, since in many societies the face is read as the most important manifestation of interiority, ‘non man-made’ images of faces are attributed a status of authenticity and earnestness, as if they were the most sincere expression of some otherwise invisible agencies. So as to test this hypothesis, the symposium cross-fertilizes several methodologies.
TITLES AND ABSTRACTS available at:
https://www.uni-potsdam.de/de/romanistik-kimminich/team/aktuelles/tagung-moderation-internet/tagung-moderation-internet-abstracts.html
Questo volume di semiotica delle culture vuole invece cogliere la soggettività delle isole e di chi le popola. Per farlo tesse connessioni fra mito e storia, utopia e distopia, metafora e modelli, immaginario e teoria; fra semiotica, nissologia, antropologia, filosofia, mediologia, studi culturali.
Parlare d’isolanità significa dunque contribuire ad emancipare lo studio delle isole da una concezione riduttivistica, facendo vedere tutta l’arcipelagica ricchezza di relazioni e identificazioni che queste custodiscono nella loro storia, nel loro presente, nelle loro aspirazioni.
***
Saying "island" seems to imply a sense of closure, objectification, naturalness, synthesized by the concept of insularity.
This volume of semiotics of cultures, on the other hand, seeks to capture the subjectivity of islands and of those who populate them. To do this, the volume weaves connections between myth and history, utopia and dystopia, metaphor and models, imagination and theory; between semiotics, nissology, anthropology, philosophy, mediology, cultural studies.
Speaking of islandness therefore means contributing to emancipating the study of islands from a reductivistic conception, showing all the archipelagic richness of relationships and identifications that they preserve in their history, in their present, in their aspirations.
Comprising the essays of several specialists in cultural theory and analysis, both from Europe and China, the volume seeks to uncover the semiotic formula underpinning the encounter, the dialogue, but also the clash between Western and Eastern aesthetics, especially in the neglected field of popular culture and arts. The title hints at the Chinese fascination for waterfalls and the natural flowing of the elements, compared with the European attraction to fountains as exploit of technological mastery over nature: each chapter in the volume focuses on as many aesthetic dialectics, spanning from literature to painting, from videogames to food.
International Conference "Food for Thought: Nourishment, Culture, Meaning" (New York University, Oct 14-15, 2019)