Background The Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale is a screening tool used t... more Background The Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale is a screening tool used to diagnose patients with chronic pelvic pain. Numerous articles demonstrated the efficacy of the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale, not only as a screening tool, but additionally for complete assessment and management process. Therefore, in this article we aim to translate the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale from English to Arabic and then to validate the translated version using an innovative technique that compares the original English version to a back-translated version. Results Using back-translation method, the comparability of the language and similarity of the interpretation for each item of Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale were validated. The back-translated version showed seemingly dependable results and demonstrates an almost identical meaning to the original English version. There was no difference found sta...
A 64-year-old male patient with a large pelvic mass and a right renal mass was referred to our fa... more A 64-year-old male patient with a large pelvic mass and a right renal mass was referred to our facility. The patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy and pelvic mass excision. A histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of renal oncocytoma and urinary bladder leiomyoma.
We are presenting a rare case of bladder leiomyoma. A 61-year-old female patient was found to hav... more We are presenting a rare case of bladder leiomyoma. A 61-year-old female patient was found to have a bladder mass during a work up of lower urinary tract symptoms. After full investigation, she underwent transurethral excision of the mass. The histopathology revealed typical feature of bladder leiomyoma. No recurrence was seen after a follow-up period of 12 months.
Introduction: The knowledge of the general population about the medical specialties is not well s... more Introduction: The knowledge of the general population about the medical specialties is not well studied in our community. Our aim is to explore the amount of knowledge known about urology by the general population. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was completed by 154 respondents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. After measuring the amount of knowledge in our population, we looked forward to compare it with English as well as French speaking population in North America (NA). We translated to Arabic the same questionnaire used in their study. Two extra questions were added to further serve our aim. Results: Of the 154 respondents, 66% (102) said that they know little or nothing about urology, and 43% (66) did not know that urology involves surgery. When asked to mention three diseases within the field of urology, only 37% (57) were able to do so. Fourteen percent (21) were unable to mention even one disease. When asked about naming modalities of treatment in urology, 67% (104) were able to mention one or more. The rest were unable to mention even one modality. Most of the wrong answers were related to mixing urology with anatomically related fields rather than pronunciation similarity. Most of the results were better when compared to the studies done in NA. Conclusion: Although significant proportion of our population know little about the field of urology, the overall result is better when compared to North American population. The clarity of Arabic terminology related to the field may explain the difference.
A 72-year-old female known to have diabetes, multiple medical problems, and bedridden with indwel... more A 72-year-old female known to have diabetes, multiple medical problems, and bedridden with indwelling Foley's catheter. She presented with an ulcer which progressed to a Grade 4 pressure ulcer. She was known to have recurrent urinary tract infection. Contrast study through the fistula revealed a communicating fistula between the left buttock ulcer and the bladder. Conservative way of management was followed due to the overall health status of the patient. She was sent to home with daily dressings, mattress, and an occupational therapy plan. Fortunately, her fistula healed spontaneously after six months. To our knowledge, in addition to the unique presentation and outcome, the case we reported is the first with such communication.
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is rapidly becoming accepted as the preferred management of low-... more Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is rapidly becoming accepted as the preferred management of low-stage renal masses not amenable to partial nephrectomy. Minimally invasive surgery is advantageous to decrease perioperative and postoperative morbidity and allows patients to return to normal activities faster. Obesity has been a relative contraindication to this technique, and these patients have traditionally undergone open surgery. We present a review of 23 morbidly obese patients in comparison with patients who were not morbidly obese who underwent radical laparoscopic nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy at our institution. Hospital charts between April 2001 and October 2003 were reviewed for morbidly obese patients undergoing transperitoneal laparoscopic renal surgery who were compared with age- and sex-matched control patients who underwent laparoscopic renal surgery in the same institution for similar indications. The data were collected at the time of the surgery. Twenty-three patients with a mean BMI of 42.2 kg/m2 underwent successful transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. The mean specimen mass was 865 g, which was significantly larger than in the control group. The mean operative time was 200 minutes, which was around half an hour longer than in the matched group. The mean estimated blood loss was 243 mL, which was comparable to that of the controls. There were two perioperative complications, and the mean hospital stay was 4.5 days, 1 day longer than in the control group. Laparoscopic transperitoneal renal surgery is technically more difficult in morbidly obese patients but is a feasible, effective, minimally invasive method of removing renal malignancies. It offers decreased respiratory and cardiac morbidity in this higher-risk population. This study showed a complication profile similar to that in non-obese patients.
The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) for pa... more The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) for patients entering the dialysis programme with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). Participants were adult males with sexual partners. They were given the semi-quantitative standard International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire. We added the common risk factors in specially designed questions to cover our objectives. The data were analysed using a multivariate regression model. Fifty-two patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria and completed this questionnaire. Twenty-five were on HD and 27 on PD. Only 17.3% were potent on entry into the study. Among the rest 71% were classified under severe ED. Sexual desire appeared less affected in comparison to other domains. Although 66.6% expressed their interest in treatment for ED, none of the patients received any. Stepwise selection analysis identified the only significant risk factor to be older age. There was no difference between the two populations of HD and PD. It is concluded that ED is very prevalent in men beginning dialysis; it should be assessed and treatment be offered.
Trace elements • Prostate cancer • Saudi Arabia Backgrounds: Variations of trace element contents... more Trace elements • Prostate cancer • Saudi Arabia Backgrounds: Variations of trace element contents may be associated with several diseases including metabolic disorders, cellular growth disturbance, mutation and tumorigenesis. Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide and stand fifth most common male cancer in Saudi Arabia. Objective: In the present study, Serum levels of selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, and iron were measured in patients with BPH and prostate cancer aiming to explore the association between these elements and prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: The study included 40 newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients, 22 patients with BPH and 30 healthy male subjects. All participant groups had similar socioeconomic levels. Fasting blood samples were collected from all subjects and before any intervention for the patients. Serum PSA concentrations were analyzed by ELIZA and trace elements Se, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe were measured by ICP-MS. Results: Serum Se, Zn, and Mn levels of prostate cancer patients were significantly decreased compared to control groups. The levels of serum Cu and Fe were significantly higher in prostate cancer patients than in control groups. Conclusion: In the present study, an association
We evaluated the associations between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to... more We evaluated the associations between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) in a Saudi population. Genomic DNA was taken from buccal cells of 52 patients with UBC and 104 controls for genotyping of GSTT1, GSTM1, rs4646903, rs1048943, TP53 rs1042522, rs1801133, and rs1801394 using PCR and TaqMan5 assays. The rs1801133 and rs1801394 variants showed strong associations with UBC (OR = 2.3, = 0.0002; OR = 2.6, = 0.0001, resp.). Homozygosity of Pro72 conferred a significant double risk in cases compared with controls (30.8% versus 15.4%), but the homozygote Arg/Arg had no effect on risk. Genotypic combinations of GSTM1/GSTT1, rs4646903/rs1048943, and rs1801133/rs1801394 exhibited significant linkage with the disease ( 2 = 10.3, = 0.006; 2 = 13.9, = 0.003; and 2 = 20.4, = 0.0004, resp.). The GSTM1 and rs1042522Arg and rs1801394G variant alleles were more frequent in current smokers with UBC (52.4%, 52.5%, and 64.3%, resp.) than were ...
The paratesticular region is complex in both anatomical and histogenetically. eoplasms arising fr... more The paratesticular region is complex in both anatomical and histogenetically. eoplasms arising from this region therefore might be benign, locally aggressive or even malignant. We present a 20 year old male case of giant paratesticular myxomatous tumor and describing clinical history, findings on light microscopy and immunohistochemistry, and possible pathogenesis and the controversial histopathological features of a rare giant paratesticular myxomatous neoplasm. Although primary paratesticular myxoma is a rare lesion, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intrascrotal mesenchymal tumors. The treatment of choice is radical inguinal orchidectomy and wide tumor excision with safe margins. Adjuvant therapy probably not necessary but long follow up is essential.
PURPOSE To present multinational experience in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by fel... more PURPOSE To present multinational experience in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by fellowship trained expertise in low volume regions in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and to compare the current results with global outcomes reported in recent meta-analyses. METHODS A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed for patients undergoing RARP for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Three fellowship-trained surgeons at four academic and referral centers in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait performed all procedures between February 2014 and December 2019. Data on demographics, perioperative characteristics, pathology, and adverse events were collected. RESULTS A total of 207 patients were included with a median (IQR) follow-up duration of 28 (15-38) months. The median prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen were 42 (32-53) grams and 9.1 (5.8-14.1) ng/mL, respectively. While 65.2% of patients had a Gleason score ≥7, 20% had grade group 4 disease, and 7....
Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research
Growing knowledge supports the importance of microRNAs in cell growth regulation, differentiation... more Growing knowledge supports the importance of microRNAs in cell growth regulation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. We addressed the associations between miRNA variants and risk of urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBCa). Subjects and Methods: Sixty-six cases with UBCa (33 pTa, 13 pT1, 20 pT2) of low and high tumor grade (21 and 45 cases, respectively), and 156 healthy controls were genotyped for miR-196a2 rs11614913(C>T), miR-146a rs2910164(C>G), and miR-499 rs3746444(A>G) using TaqMan genotyping assays. Patients were stratified according to tumor stage, tumor grade, and risk of recurrence for UBCa. We used the SNPStats (https://www.snpstats.net) to choose best interactive model(s) of inheritance in selected miRNAs. Results: The rs3746444 SNP showed a potential association with risk of UBCa (odds ratio [OR]= 1.9; P= 0.012). Significant associations were found for rs3746444 (P= 0.013) in codominant models, and for rs11614913 (P= 0.048) in an additive model. The rs11614913T allele had a protective effect, while homozygotes for the C allele were associated with a significantly increased risk of UBCa compared with controls (χ2= 3.7; P= 0.05). Homozygosity of rs3746444A/A was more frequent in cases than controls (43.9% versus 30.8%). Despite its significant impact in diverse ethnic populations, the rs29101164 SNP did not show clear effects on UBCa. Besides, the presence of rs3746444A/A was associated with tumors of high grade (OR= 2.7; P= 0.046). Conclusion: This study was the first among the Saudi community to present a substantial function of miRNA biomarkers to predict UBCa, identify at-risk patients, and suggest a potential therapeutic target for UBCa.
Background The Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale is a screening tool used t... more Background The Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale is a screening tool used to diagnose patients with chronic pelvic pain. Numerous articles demonstrated the efficacy of the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale, not only as a screening tool, but additionally for complete assessment and management process. Therefore, in this article we aim to translate the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale from English to Arabic and then to validate the translated version using an innovative technique that compares the original English version to a back-translated version. Results Using back-translation method, the comparability of the language and similarity of the interpretation for each item of Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale were validated. The back-translated version showed seemingly dependable results and demonstrates an almost identical meaning to the original English version. There was no difference found sta...
A 64-year-old male patient with a large pelvic mass and a right renal mass was referred to our fa... more A 64-year-old male patient with a large pelvic mass and a right renal mass was referred to our facility. The patient underwent a right radical nephrectomy and pelvic mass excision. A histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of renal oncocytoma and urinary bladder leiomyoma.
We are presenting a rare case of bladder leiomyoma. A 61-year-old female patient was found to hav... more We are presenting a rare case of bladder leiomyoma. A 61-year-old female patient was found to have a bladder mass during a work up of lower urinary tract symptoms. After full investigation, she underwent transurethral excision of the mass. The histopathology revealed typical feature of bladder leiomyoma. No recurrence was seen after a follow-up period of 12 months.
Introduction: The knowledge of the general population about the medical specialties is not well s... more Introduction: The knowledge of the general population about the medical specialties is not well studied in our community. Our aim is to explore the amount of knowledge known about urology by the general population. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was completed by 154 respondents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. After measuring the amount of knowledge in our population, we looked forward to compare it with English as well as French speaking population in North America (NA). We translated to Arabic the same questionnaire used in their study. Two extra questions were added to further serve our aim. Results: Of the 154 respondents, 66% (102) said that they know little or nothing about urology, and 43% (66) did not know that urology involves surgery. When asked to mention three diseases within the field of urology, only 37% (57) were able to do so. Fourteen percent (21) were unable to mention even one disease. When asked about naming modalities of treatment in urology, 67% (104) were able to mention one or more. The rest were unable to mention even one modality. Most of the wrong answers were related to mixing urology with anatomically related fields rather than pronunciation similarity. Most of the results were better when compared to the studies done in NA. Conclusion: Although significant proportion of our population know little about the field of urology, the overall result is better when compared to North American population. The clarity of Arabic terminology related to the field may explain the difference.
A 72-year-old female known to have diabetes, multiple medical problems, and bedridden with indwel... more A 72-year-old female known to have diabetes, multiple medical problems, and bedridden with indwelling Foley's catheter. She presented with an ulcer which progressed to a Grade 4 pressure ulcer. She was known to have recurrent urinary tract infection. Contrast study through the fistula revealed a communicating fistula between the left buttock ulcer and the bladder. Conservative way of management was followed due to the overall health status of the patient. She was sent to home with daily dressings, mattress, and an occupational therapy plan. Fortunately, her fistula healed spontaneously after six months. To our knowledge, in addition to the unique presentation and outcome, the case we reported is the first with such communication.
Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is rapidly becoming accepted as the preferred management of low-... more Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is rapidly becoming accepted as the preferred management of low-stage renal masses not amenable to partial nephrectomy. Minimally invasive surgery is advantageous to decrease perioperative and postoperative morbidity and allows patients to return to normal activities faster. Obesity has been a relative contraindication to this technique, and these patients have traditionally undergone open surgery. We present a review of 23 morbidly obese patients in comparison with patients who were not morbidly obese who underwent radical laparoscopic nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy at our institution. Hospital charts between April 2001 and October 2003 were reviewed for morbidly obese patients undergoing transperitoneal laparoscopic renal surgery who were compared with age- and sex-matched control patients who underwent laparoscopic renal surgery in the same institution for similar indications. The data were collected at the time of the surgery. Twenty-three patients with a mean BMI of 42.2 kg/m2 underwent successful transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. The mean specimen mass was 865 g, which was significantly larger than in the control group. The mean operative time was 200 minutes, which was around half an hour longer than in the matched group. The mean estimated blood loss was 243 mL, which was comparable to that of the controls. There were two perioperative complications, and the mean hospital stay was 4.5 days, 1 day longer than in the control group. Laparoscopic transperitoneal renal surgery is technically more difficult in morbidly obese patients but is a feasible, effective, minimally invasive method of removing renal malignancies. It offers decreased respiratory and cardiac morbidity in this higher-risk population. This study showed a complication profile similar to that in non-obese patients.
The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) for pa... more The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) for patients entering the dialysis programme with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). Participants were adult males with sexual partners. They were given the semi-quantitative standard International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire. We added the common risk factors in specially designed questions to cover our objectives. The data were analysed using a multivariate regression model. Fifty-two patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria and completed this questionnaire. Twenty-five were on HD and 27 on PD. Only 17.3% were potent on entry into the study. Among the rest 71% were classified under severe ED. Sexual desire appeared less affected in comparison to other domains. Although 66.6% expressed their interest in treatment for ED, none of the patients received any. Stepwise selection analysis identified the only significant risk factor to be older age. There was no difference between the two populations of HD and PD. It is concluded that ED is very prevalent in men beginning dialysis; it should be assessed and treatment be offered.
Trace elements • Prostate cancer • Saudi Arabia Backgrounds: Variations of trace element contents... more Trace elements • Prostate cancer • Saudi Arabia Backgrounds: Variations of trace element contents may be associated with several diseases including metabolic disorders, cellular growth disturbance, mutation and tumorigenesis. Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide and stand fifth most common male cancer in Saudi Arabia. Objective: In the present study, Serum levels of selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, and iron were measured in patients with BPH and prostate cancer aiming to explore the association between these elements and prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: The study included 40 newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients, 22 patients with BPH and 30 healthy male subjects. All participant groups had similar socioeconomic levels. Fasting blood samples were collected from all subjects and before any intervention for the patients. Serum PSA concentrations were analyzed by ELIZA and trace elements Se, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe were measured by ICP-MS. Results: Serum Se, Zn, and Mn levels of prostate cancer patients were significantly decreased compared to control groups. The levels of serum Cu and Fe were significantly higher in prostate cancer patients than in control groups. Conclusion: In the present study, an association
We evaluated the associations between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to... more We evaluated the associations between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) in a Saudi population. Genomic DNA was taken from buccal cells of 52 patients with UBC and 104 controls for genotyping of GSTT1, GSTM1, rs4646903, rs1048943, TP53 rs1042522, rs1801133, and rs1801394 using PCR and TaqMan5 assays. The rs1801133 and rs1801394 variants showed strong associations with UBC (OR = 2.3, = 0.0002; OR = 2.6, = 0.0001, resp.). Homozygosity of Pro72 conferred a significant double risk in cases compared with controls (30.8% versus 15.4%), but the homozygote Arg/Arg had no effect on risk. Genotypic combinations of GSTM1/GSTT1, rs4646903/rs1048943, and rs1801133/rs1801394 exhibited significant linkage with the disease ( 2 = 10.3, = 0.006; 2 = 13.9, = 0.003; and 2 = 20.4, = 0.0004, resp.). The GSTM1 and rs1042522Arg and rs1801394G variant alleles were more frequent in current smokers with UBC (52.4%, 52.5%, and 64.3%, resp.) than were ...
The paratesticular region is complex in both anatomical and histogenetically. eoplasms arising fr... more The paratesticular region is complex in both anatomical and histogenetically. eoplasms arising from this region therefore might be benign, locally aggressive or even malignant. We present a 20 year old male case of giant paratesticular myxomatous tumor and describing clinical history, findings on light microscopy and immunohistochemistry, and possible pathogenesis and the controversial histopathological features of a rare giant paratesticular myxomatous neoplasm. Although primary paratesticular myxoma is a rare lesion, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intrascrotal mesenchymal tumors. The treatment of choice is radical inguinal orchidectomy and wide tumor excision with safe margins. Adjuvant therapy probably not necessary but long follow up is essential.
PURPOSE To present multinational experience in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by fel... more PURPOSE To present multinational experience in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by fellowship trained expertise in low volume regions in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and to compare the current results with global outcomes reported in recent meta-analyses. METHODS A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed for patients undergoing RARP for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Three fellowship-trained surgeons at four academic and referral centers in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait performed all procedures between February 2014 and December 2019. Data on demographics, perioperative characteristics, pathology, and adverse events were collected. RESULTS A total of 207 patients were included with a median (IQR) follow-up duration of 28 (15-38) months. The median prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen were 42 (32-53) grams and 9.1 (5.8-14.1) ng/mL, respectively. While 65.2% of patients had a Gleason score ≥7, 20% had grade group 4 disease, and 7....
Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research
Growing knowledge supports the importance of microRNAs in cell growth regulation, differentiation... more Growing knowledge supports the importance of microRNAs in cell growth regulation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. We addressed the associations between miRNA variants and risk of urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBCa). Subjects and Methods: Sixty-six cases with UBCa (33 pTa, 13 pT1, 20 pT2) of low and high tumor grade (21 and 45 cases, respectively), and 156 healthy controls were genotyped for miR-196a2 rs11614913(C>T), miR-146a rs2910164(C>G), and miR-499 rs3746444(A>G) using TaqMan genotyping assays. Patients were stratified according to tumor stage, tumor grade, and risk of recurrence for UBCa. We used the SNPStats (https://www.snpstats.net) to choose best interactive model(s) of inheritance in selected miRNAs. Results: The rs3746444 SNP showed a potential association with risk of UBCa (odds ratio [OR]= 1.9; P= 0.012). Significant associations were found for rs3746444 (P= 0.013) in codominant models, and for rs11614913 (P= 0.048) in an additive model. The rs11614913T allele had a protective effect, while homozygotes for the C allele were associated with a significantly increased risk of UBCa compared with controls (χ2= 3.7; P= 0.05). Homozygosity of rs3746444A/A was more frequent in cases than controls (43.9% versus 30.8%). Despite its significant impact in diverse ethnic populations, the rs29101164 SNP did not show clear effects on UBCa. Besides, the presence of rs3746444A/A was associated with tumors of high grade (OR= 2.7; P= 0.046). Conclusion: This study was the first among the Saudi community to present a substantial function of miRNA biomarkers to predict UBCa, identify at-risk patients, and suggest a potential therapeutic target for UBCa.
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Papers by Anmar Nassir