Pushkar Varāha Indus Script tradition

Pushkar- Varāha & Indus Script tradition Pushkar- The #Varāha Temple, Rajasthan, was built by King Anaji Chauhan in the 12th century AD and is dedicated to Varāha(boar) ,the 3rd incarnation of Bhagwan #Vishnu. The transcendental form of the Supreme Being is absolute, unconditioned and unlimited. The temple was destroyed by Mughal Emperor #Aurangzeb and was then rebuilt in the 18th century by Raja Sawai Jai Singh II of Jaipur. https://x.com/sanjoychakra/status/1816 412992835399796/photo/1 Blacksmith on Makara is identical to the scultural presentation in Khajuraho. Significance of Varāha pratimā in Indus Script mlecchita vikalpa tradition -- varāha ‘a cloud’, Naighaṇṭuka. i, 10. (RV 10.99.6) -- Indra bursts the cloud with an iron-tipped finger, a metaphor related to the professional competence of baḍhi ‘boar’ rebus: baḍhi ‘worker in wood and iron’; ಬಡಿಗೈ baḍige = ಬಡಿಗಿ, etc. a carpenter. — ಬಡಿಗೈಯವ. -ಅವ. = ಬಡಿಗಿಯವನು. (ತಕ್ಷ, ವರ್ಧಕಿ, ತವ ಷ್ಟ ೃ, ರಥಕಾರ, ಕಾಷ್ಠ ತಕ್ಷ್ Si. 339; ಸೂತ 422; B. 4, 151). ಊರಿಗೈ ಆಧೀನನಾಗಿ ಗೇಯುವ ಬಡಿಗೈಯವನು (ಗ್ರಾ ಮತಕ್ಷ Si. 339). — ಬಡಿಗೇರವ. i. e. ಬಡಿಗೈಯರ ಅವ. = ಬಡಿಗೈಯವ. (ಓಜ, ತವ ಷ್ಟ ೃ, etc. G.) ಬಡಗಿ baḍagi. = ಬಡಾಯಿ 1, ಬಡಿಗ, ಬಡಿಗಿ, ಬಡಿಗೈ, ಬಡಿಗ್ರಾ , ಬಡಡ ಗಿ. Tbh. of ವರ್ಧಕಿ (Śmd. 370). a carpenter Rebus: vāḍhī, bari, barea 'merchant’. The metaphor: Varāha cloudburst yields rain, wealth of a nation -- uniting ātman with paramātman 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 2 Varāha, a metaphor for water-laden cloud in R̥gveda Sa iddāsam tuvīrava patir danṣalakṣa triśīrṣāṇam damanyat asya tritonvojasā vr̥dhāno vipā varāham ayoagrayā han स इद्दासं तुवीरवं पततदद न्षळक्षं त्रिशीषादणं दमन्यत ् । अस्य त्रितो न्वोजसा वध ृ ानो ववपा वराहमयोअग्रया हन ् ॥RV 10.99.6॥ varāha ‘a cloud’, Naigh. i, 10 varāhāvatāra the boar-incarnation (in which Viṣṇu, in boar-form, raised up on one of his tusks the earth which lay buried beneath the waters when the whole world had become one ocean. Wilson. The sovereign Indra attacking him overcame the loud-shouting, six-eyed, three-headed Dāsa, and Tritā, invigorated by his strength, smote the water-laden (cloud) with his iron-tipped finger. [Water-laden cloud: lit., the boar].(RV 10.99.6) ayo-agrayā ‘iron-pointed’. Anvaya: patih ‘lord of all’, sa it ‘by Indra’, tuvīravam ‘noisy’, dāsam ‘to the wicked’, dan ‘killing’, ṣalakṣam ‘six-eyed’, triśīrṣāṇam ‘to the three-headed’, damanyat ‘destroyed’; asya ‘of this (Indra); ōjasā ‘by power’, vr̥dhānah ‘grown’, tritah ‘by r̥ṣi Tritā’, ayo-agrayā ‘iron-tipped’; vipā ‘by finger’, nu ‘surely’, varāham ‘to the strong (demon), han ‘killed’. Prasanna Chandra Gautam. Indra, the lord of all, killing the noisy wicked destroyed the three-headed, six-eyed (‘demon Triśira’), Rsi Tritā, grown by this power, surely killed varāham, the strong demon by iron-tipped finger. 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 3 “त्रिशीषादणं त्रिशशरस्कं त्वष्ुः पि ु ं ववश्वरूपं, “वराहं वराहारम ् उदकवन्तं मेघं Griffith translation: Lord of the dwelling, he subdued the demon who roared aloud, sixeyedand tripleheaded-. Trta, made stronger by the might he lent him, struck down the boar with shaft whose point was iron. सायणभाष्यम ् on RV 10.99.6 “स “इत ् स एवेन्रः “पततः सवदस्य स्वामी “दासम ् उपक्षपतयतारं “तव ु ीरवं बहुशब्दं संग्रामे भयंकरं शब्दं कुवादणं वि ृ ं "दन ् दमयन ् “षळक्षम ् अक्षक्षषट्कोपेतं “त्रिशीषादणं त्रिशशरस्कं त्वष्ुः पुिं ववश्वरूपं “दमन्यत ् दशमतुं प्रहतम ै छत ् । अवधीददत्यर्दः । यद्वा । दमयतीतत दमनः । नन्द्याददत्वात ् ुद च् लयःु । स इवाचरतत । उपमानादाचारे ' (पा. स.ू ३. १. १०) इतत क्यच्यन्त्यलोपश्छन्दसः । ततो लङि • बहुलं छन्दशस ' इत्यडभावः । ककंच “त्रितः एतन्नामा महवषदः अस्य इन्रस्य “ओजसा बलेन “वध ु या । कीदृश्या । “अयोअग्रया अयोवत्कदिननखया “वराहं वराहारम ् ृ ानः वधदमानः “ववपा अङ्गल उदकवन्तं मेघं व्यहन ् ववहतवान ् ॥ 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 4 Obverse of mounted cube Four sides depict Saumya Puruṣa (Vāsudeva) on the west, and Viṣṇu on east. Brahma on the north, and Śiva on south -- @vaiju7 Could also be Nara and Nārāyaṇa as suggested by manasataramgini@blog_supplement Śiva is suggested because of the veneration by vidyā—dhara m. a kind of supernatural being (dwelling in the Himālaya, attending upon Śiva, and possessed of magical power), fairy. 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 5 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 6 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 7 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 8 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 9 Chanhiyun Jo Daro seal c49, smelter, worker in wood and iron, metals manufactory, seafaring merchant -- Metals manufactory, ingots, metal infusion, merchandise on seafaring boat 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 10 Fish hieroglyph Gallery from Indus Script Corpora ଅୟସ୍— Ayas [Synonym(s): অয়েস্ एस, एशईशरत] ସଂ. ବି. (ଅୟ ଧାତୁ = ଗମନ କରିବା+କର୍ତ୍ତୃ. ଅସ୍; ତୁ ଳ ଲାଟିନ ଅଏସ୍ = ଲୁ ହା)— 1। ଲଲୌହ; ଲୁ ହା—1. Iron. 2। ଅଗ୍ନି; ନିଆଁ—2. Fire. 3। ଅଗୁରୁ—3. Agalochium. 4। ଲଲୌହନିମିତ ଅସ୍ତ୍ରଶସ୍ତ୍ରାଦି—4. Weapon or instrument made of iron. 5। ଲଲୌହ ଘଟିତ ଔଷଧ—5. Medicinal preparation containing iron. ଲବୈଲଦ. ବି. (ଆ. ଏସ୍)— 1। 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 11 Smelter, worker in wood and iron, merchant --dhamaka m. ‘a blower’, blacksmith (as blowing the forge), Uṇ. ii, 35 Sch. The composite animal associated with the blacksmith on Varāha pratimā at Khajuraho is (dh)makara rebus: makara ‘composite animal’; front, right foot. 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 12 Smelter, worker in wood and iron, merchant BMAC Axe With Eagle-Headed Demon And Animals, from Central Asia (Bactria-Margiana), late 3rd - early 2nd millennium BCE. 15 cm (5.9 in) Silver, gilt silver. MetMuseum. Acc. No. 1982.5 Place of discovery: Bactria– Margiana Archaeological Complex (in presentday Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan). Winged Tiger + anthropomorph with two-eagleheads (gaṇḍabheruṇḍa) + boar. ಗಣ್ಡಭ ೇರುಣ್ಡ gaṇḍa-bhēruṇḍa. = ಭ ೇರುಣ್ಡ Tbh. of ಭ ೇರುಣ್ಡ ’terrible’ (MBh.); a species of bird with two heads. (My.). 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 13 koṇḍa singi badhi meḍho karaṇa, majhitha shadya ‘ornament gold circular hamlet guild metals merchant carpenter, scribe, supercargo, member of boatmen assembly, assayer of metals’-1 Indus Script Meluhha sememes. S. karu m. 'arm'; Mth. kar m. 'hand’ (CDIAL 2779) rebus: kāru ’artificer’; + में ढा 'sheep, ram’ rebus: medha 'yajna, dhanam’; meḍ 'iron' 'copper’; meḍho ‘merchant’ + कर्णक karṇaka m. du. the two legs spread out AV. xx , 133 rebus: karaṇa ‘scribe, accounting’. करणणक karaṇika —प.ु १ कणणदक; कुलकरणी. कारर्ी kāraṇī, कारर्ीक kāraṇīka a (कारर् S) Applied to the prime minister of a state, the supercargo of a ship. Together, meḍho karaṇa ‘alloy metal merchant, scribe’. The proclaimer is bhaṭa ‘worshipper’ rebus: bhaṭa ‘furnace’. Head is head of a boar in profile. baḍhia = a castrated boar, a hog; rebus: baḍhi ‘a caste who work both in iron and wood’; baḍhoe ‘a carpenter, worker in wood’; badhoria ‘expert in working in wood’(Santali) 'Rebus: bari 'merchant'.barea 'merchant' (Santali)বরাহ barāha 'boar'Rebus: bāṛaï 'carpenter' (Bengali) bari 'merchant' barea 'merchant' (Santali) --contd. 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 14 koṇḍa singi badhi meḍho karaṇa, majhitha shadya ‘ornament gold circular hamlet guild metals merchant carpenter, scribe, supercargo, member of boatmen assembly, assayer of metals’-2 Indus Script Meluhha sememes. ख ड ों khōṇḍa young bull shown on the chest of the anthropomorph rebus: कोंड kōṇḍa ‘circular hamlet village (of a guild)' of kunda ‘fine gold’; has singhin ‘spiny, forward-thrusting horn’ rebus: singi 'ornament gold’ 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 15 koṇḍa singi badhi meḍho karaṇa, majhitha shadya ‘ornament gold circular hamlet guild metals merchant carpenter, scribe, supercargo, member of boatmen assembly, assayer of metals’-3 Brāhmī syllabic inscription. Member of boatmen assembly, assayer of metals’ samjñā 'symbol, sign' kī ma jhi tha 'of Majhitha' Sha (?) Da Ya शद sad-a 'produce (of a country)’. -shad-ya, m. one who takes part in an assembly, spectator Note on ma jhi tha Majhi refers to a boatman; Majitha is the name of a locality in Punjab. A cognate word signifies boatman: *majjhika ʻ boatman ʼ. [Cf. maṅga -- ?] N. mājhi, mã̄jhi ʻ boatman ʼ; A. māzi ʻ steersman ʼ, B. māji; Or. mājhi ʻ steersman ʼ, majhiā ʻ boatman ʼ, Bi. Mth. H. mã̄jhī m.(CDIAL 9714).மஞ்சி2 mañci, n. 1. cf. mañca. [M. mañji.] Cargo boat with a raised platform; படகு. Thus, a majhitha artisan is also a boatman. The word manjhitha may be derived from the root: मञ्ज् mañj मञ्ज्1 U. (मञ्जयति-िे) To clean, purify, wipe off. Thus, the reference is to a locality of artisans engaged in .purifying metals and alloys See: Rosetta stone for Indus Script, a surface-find copper anthropomorph reported by Sanjay Manjul, Archaeological Survey of India https://tinyurl.com/y9hqb6pq 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 16 kul ‘tiger’ rebus: kula ‘headman of guild’, miṇḍā́l 'markhor’rebus: mẽṛhẽt ‘iron’; baḍhi ‘boar’ rebus: baḍhi ‘worker in wood and iron’-1 Axe-head, bronze inlaid with silver; shows a boar attacking a tiger which is attacking an ibex. 2500-2000BC, Iran. British Museum https://britishmuseum.org/collectio n/object/W_1913-0314-1… 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 17 kul ‘tiger’ rebus: kula ‘headman of guild’, miṇḍā́l 'markhor’rebus: mẽṛhẽt ‘iron’; baḍhi ‘boar’ rebus: baḍhi ‘worker in wood and iron’-2 *margā 'wild goat'. 2. *marjikā-. [Cf. Wkh. mεrg f. 'ibex'. — mr̥gá-]1. Ash. mlaṅ f. 'mountain goat', Wg. mŕaṅ, mraṅ; Kt. mŕoṅ 'female ibex' (→ Kal.urt. mroṅ); Pr. maṅ ̄̆ gə, maṅ ̄̆ g 'female markhor', maṅċu '̃ markhor kid', Paš.kuṛ. loṅ f. 'markhor', Gaw. blaṅ; — Dm. mraṅ m. 'markhor’ (CDIAL 9885) mēṇḍha² m. 'ram', °aka, mēṇḍa-⁴, miṇḍha-², °aka-, mēṭha-², mēṇḍhra-, mēḍhra-², °aka- m. lex. 2. *mēṇṭha- (mēṭha- m. lex.). 3. *mējjha. [r- forms (which are not attested in NIA.) are due to further sanskritization of a loan-word prob. of Austro-as. origin (EWA ii 682 with lit.) and perh. related to the group s.v. bhēḍra-]1. Pa. meṇḍa- m. 'ram', °aka- 'made of a ram's horn (e.g. a bow)'; Pk. meḍḍha-, meṁḍha- (°ḍhī- f.), °ṁḍa-, miṁḍha- (°dhiā- f.), °aga- m. 'ram', Dm. Gaw. miṇ Kal.rumb. amŕn/aŕə 'sheep' (a- ?); Bshk. minā́ l 'ram'; Tor. miṇḍ 'ram', miṇḍā́ l 'markhor'; Chil. mindhΛl 'ram' AO xviii 244 (dh!), Sv. yēṛo-miṇ; Phal. miṇḍ, miṇ 'ram', miṇḍṓl m. 'yearling lamb, gimmer'; P. mẽḍhā m., °ḍhī f., ludh. mīḍḍhā, mī˜ḍhā m.; N. meṛho, meṛo 'ram for sacrifice'; A. mersāg 'ram' (-sāg < *chāgya?), B. meṛā m., °ṛi f., Or. meṇḍhā, °ḍā m., °ḍhi f., H. meṛh, meṛhā, mẽḍhā m., G. mẽḍhɔ, M. mẽḍhā m., Si. mäḍayā.2. Pk. meṁṭhī- f. 'sheep'; H. meṭhā m. 'ram’.(CDIAL 10310) 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 18 kul ‘tiger’ rebus: kula ‘headman of guild’, miṇḍā́l 'markhor’rebus: mẽṛhẽt ‘iron’; baḍhi ‘boar’ rebus: baḍhi ‘worker in wood and iron’-3 Achaemenid cylinder seal, found in Iran and dated to the 6th–4th century BC is currently kept in the Met Museum. Chalcedony 3.2 cm. https://metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/326 986 1984.383.25 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 19 tagaraka ‘tulip, fragrance flower’ rebus; tagara ‘tin’-1 Mobile perfume or cosmetic bottle, winged goddess among flowering tulips. Bactrian, the end of the 3rd, beginning of the 2nd millennium BC, Louvre Museum tagaraka ‘tulip, fragrance flower’ rebus; tagara ‘tin’ 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 20 tagaraka ‘tulip, fragrance flower’ rebus; tagara ‘tin’-2 "Ancient Art in Miniature: Ancient Near Eastern Seals from the Collection of Martin and Sarah Cherkasky“ Wild boar is depicted under a green leafy branch. But why is it striding towards tulips? Reverse: bird of pray with wings spread, as seen from below... 25-07-2024 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Pa pers kalyan97@gmail.com 21