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The paper examines the implications of the Reform Treaty in the context of European unity, focusing on the Irish rejection of the Lisbon Treaty. It discusses the concerns of member states regarding sovereignty and the increased external actions of the EU, highlighting the balance between national identity and Union objectives as stated in the treaty. The analysis suggests that misunderstandings and fears among citizens contribute to resistance against EU reforms, while emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of the treaty's provisions and their impact on individual states.
2010
Stabilirea competenţelor în cadrul Uniunii Europene reprezintă o problemă deosebit de complexă, având în vedere atât caracterul eterogen al Uniunii, cât şi modalităţile de repartizare a competenţelor între Uniunea Europeană şi statele membre. Prin modificările intervenite prin Tratatul de la Lisabona sunt introduse reglementări noi în Tratatul de funcţionare a Uniunii Europene (TFUE), se stabilesc foarte clar domeniile de competenţă exclusivă a Uniunii, domeniile de competenţă partajată şi domeniile de coordonare sau de sprijinire a acţiunii statelor membre. Dispoziţiile tratatului depăşesc neajunsul reglementărilor anterioare, care nu prezentau foarte clar domeniile de competenţă comunitară, stabilind doar caracteristicile generale ale acţiunii comunitare în raport de acţiunea statelor membre în unele domenii. Delimitarea competenţelor Uniunii are la bază principiul atribuirii. Exercitarea competenţelor Uniunii are la bază principiile subsidiarităţii şi proporţionalităţii. În temeiul principiului atribuirii, Uniunea acţionează în limitele competenţelor ce i-au fost atribuite de către statele membre în vederea atingerii obiectivelor stabilite. Orice altă competenţă neatribuită Uniunii aparţine statelor membre. În temeiul principiului subsidiarităţii, în domeniile ce nu ţin de competenţa sa exclusivă, Uniunea intervine numai şi în măsura în care obiectivele acţiunii preconizate nu pot fi atinse în mod satisfăcător de către statele membre nici la nivel central, nici la nivel regional şi local, dar pot fi, datorită dimensiunilor şi efectelor preconizate, mai bine atinse la nivelul Uniunii. Cuvinte cheie: principiului subsidiarităţii, principiul atribuirii, state memebre, competenţa exclusiva, tratat 1. Aspecte generale Stabilirea competenţelor în cadrul Abstract: Setting powers in the European Union is a particularly complex problem, given the heterogeneity of both the Union and how the sharing of the powers between the EU and its Member States. By the changes brought forth by the Treaty of Lisbon new provisions were introduced in the European Union Treaty (TFEU), clear areas of exclusive competence of EU are established, also areas of shared competence and areas of coordination and support actions of the Member States. The anterior shortcomings of the previous legislation are being surpassed by the Treaty provisions, as the previous texts did not clearly show the areas of Community competence, establishing only general characteristics of community action against Member States in some areas. The limits of Union competences are based on the allocation principle. The exercise of community competences is based on the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. Under the principle of conferral, the Union shall act within the powers assigned to it by the Member States to achieve the targets set. The competences not conferred upon the Union remain with the Member States.
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