Afan Oromo

ኦሮሞ እና አማራ በኔ መጣጥፎች አይስማሙም - Oromo and Amhara disagree about my articles

Extreme polarization about my criticism of the Fake Ethiopian Tyranny: Oromos support my position against the Abyssinian tyranny, whereas Amhara depict me as 'enemy' of the colonial state that they have no right to preserve. Republication of excerpts from my articles and discussion in Amharic and English.
Starting from 8th April 2008

Warka - The Pioneering Ethiopian Discussion Forum in Amharic
http://www.cyberethiopia.com/warka14/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=27587

(The document includes many pages of the Forum in 177 pages and more than 28000 words; first mention of my name is on p. 17)

Following the death of Ramesses XI, Egypt entered into a chaotic situation of multi-division that lasted more than 300 years. The high priests of Amun of Thebes had risen to power during the century-long period of the successors of Ramesses III, and their polytheistic ideology could not be accepted by other priesthoods in Egypt.

The secession of the North (Lower Egypt) created the phenomenon of several parallel dynasties; the reason for this is that the pharaohs of Lower Egypt, although backed by the priesthoods of Heliopolis and Hermupolis and strengthened by the interfering Libyan princes, were still very weak to drive the Theban priests out. On the other hand, the latter, known in Ancient Egyptian as Whem Mesut (lit. repetition of births; e.g. Renaissance), although drawing from the wealth of Kush / Ethiopia and machinating against the North, were not strong enough to recapture the whole of Egypt.

The high priests of Thebes were not considered as a proper dynasty, despite of the existing kin relationship among them, and despite the fact that all of them resumed the pharaonic position, and had their names inscribed in cartouches according to the royal customs of Egypt.

Through Horihor´s grandson, Psunennes I, there was kin relationship also between the high priests of Thebes and some of the Lower Egyptian pharaohs. Even this was not able to make the "Two Lands" (Tawy in Ancient Egyptian, a second name for Egypt) reunite, due to the risen priestly control (either monotheistic Heliopolitan and Hermupolitan in Lower Egypt or polytheistic Theban in Upper Egypt and Kush / Ethiopia).
First published in AfroArticles, Buzzle and American Chronicle on 20th March 2010
Republished in the portal of the Oromo Parliamentarians:
https://www.oromoparliamentarians.org/English/Facts%20about%20Oromo/Oromo%20Kushatic%20Nations%20Napta%20-%20Egypt.htm

On the other hand, Jan Assman cannot possibly deceive every one! His interpretation of the pictorial presentation of the evil worshipped by Hyksos as god cannot be left so incomplete. Certainly, the Hyksos worshipped Seth (Zety) and Apophis (Apope), but the depiction of Seth under the combined form of man and hippopotamus has nothing to do with artistic inventions due to a fictional need of "personalizing" Seth. Furthermore, Seth was not a properly speaking "desert god", as Assman implies; Seth was cast in the desert which represented for the Ancient Egyptians the concept of vacuum, the "non existence". But Seth was originally conceived as Satan, and according to the religious – spiritual concepts and fundamentals of the Ancient Egyptian Art, Satan was represented as a hippopotamus (and at times as a crocodile), when the apocalyptic level of mythical semiotics was involved. A perfect example in this case is the Messiah – Satan conflict narrative at Edfu (inner part of the Western Outer Wall) that antedates and clearly supersedes the Christian Book of the Revelation.

The fact that the Hyksos pseudo-pharaoh Apope dispatched a delegation to Thebes to demand the immediate termination of the traditional Egyptian game of harpooning hippopotamuses (which in the Ancient Egyptian culture was a theatrical act, aptly pre-modeling the ultimate victory of Messiah – Horus over Satan – Seth) illuminates his Satanic identity, while shedding also light on the real identity of any modern scholar presenting a pro-Hyksos version of Egyptian History.

All this is necessary to take into consideration, when the History of Ancient Kush / Ethiopia is concerned. Ideological – religious – spiritual identification clarifies much the situation and helps draw the correct conclusions. In fact, the same ideological – spiritual – religious clash that characterized Egypt for millennia can be attested in Ancient Kush / Ethiopia, and this greatly helps in properly assessing historical developments as the outcome of clash between two priesthoods.

As societies are not monolithic phenomena, one should not imagine that the kingdom of Kerma that sided with the Hyksos rulers was entirely under control of a priesthood dedicated to Satan – Seth. Ancient Egypt and Kush / Ethiopia were highly nuanced societies whereby the rival priesthoods coexisted for millennia, perpetuating their fight by means of myth interpretational variants, educational literature, socioeconomic involvement, and grip over the political – military power.
First published in AfroArticles, Buzzle and American Chronicle on 12th March 2010

Natural Language processing is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistic and computer science studied under the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that gave birth to an allied area called 'Computational Linguistic' which focuses on processing of natural languages on computational devices. A natural language consists of a large number of sentences which are linguistic units involving one or more words linked together in accordance with a set of predefined rules called grammar. Grammar checking is the task of validating sentences syntactically and is a prominent tool within language engineering. Our review draws on the recent development of various grammar checkers to look at past, present and the future in a new light. Our review covers grammar checkers of many languages with the aim of seeking their approaches, methodologies for developing new tool and system as a whole. The survey concludes with the discussion of various features included in existing grammar checkers of foreign languages as well as a few Indian Languages.

Natural Language processing is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistic and computer science studied under the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that gave birth to an allied area called ‘Computational Linguistic’ which focuses on processing of natural languages on computational devices. A natural language consists of a large number of sentences which are linguistic units involving one or more words linked together in accordance with a set of predefined rules called grammar. Grammar checking is the task of validating sentences syntactically and is a prominent tool within language engineering. Our review draws on the recent development of various grammar checkers to look at past, present and the future in a new light. Our review covers grammar checkers of many languages with the aim of seeking their approaches, methodologies for developing new tool and system as a whole. The survey concludes with the discussion of various features included in existing grammar checkers of foreign languages...

This small contribution is a tribute to Francesco Giannattasio's friendship, and a sign of gratitude for (i.) the trip he made with the authors to Harar in 1998; (ii.) his guidance, care and patience in supervising Simone Tarsitani's PhD thesis "I rituali musicali dello zikri a Harar, Etiopia" (Tarsitani 2006) and on many other occasions; and (iii.) the collaboration with Giorgio Banti on developing the analysis of Somali poetry and of poetic systems in general (

First published on 23rd July 2021 here:
https://megalommatis.wordpress.com/2021/07/23/my-studies-explorations-from-j-leclant-m-rodinson-to-the-oromo-amhara-divide-through-egypts-25th-dynasty-pre-islamic-yemen-himyar-and-gregentius-of-taphar/

Initially published on 29th July 2005 in Buzzle
This article is the fourth of a series of nine (9) articles about the Oromo/Cushitic/Ethiopian - Amhara-Tigray/Semitic/Abyssinian divide; for these articles I used material earlier published in the polarization and the discussions posted first in Ethioindex’s Medrek forum during the first half of 2004. The first three articles are here:
https://www.academia.edu/43070555/The_Oromos_Abyssinias_oppressed_majority_on_its_way_to_Independence_-_2005

https://www.academia.edu/43076507/The_Oromos_Abyssinias_Oppressed_Majority_in_search_of_Post-Colonial_Historiography_-_2005

https://www.academia.edu/43082345/The_Oromos_Cultural_Clash_with_the_Semitic_Amhara_Abyssinian_State_Culture_-_2005

Excerpt:
As it can be easily understood, when 400 people leave their place of origin together and go to settle in a faraway place, there are few chances that one among them may attempt to become a king! The exception in this rule is the case of heroic fights that are won because of a brave warrior, who eventually becomes king later. If this exception does not happen, the small community of colons introduces among them a system of local administration with basic democratic rules, since all understand the reality, namely that they are all equal among themselves. They therefore prefer to take decisions on egalitarian basis in that faraway place and this system of social organization leaves place only to a 'primus inter pares' (first among equals). This is the very practical beginning of the modern Western republican and democratic systems; and it is purely Phoenician and Carthaginian or origin – not "Greek".

If we now transpose the ancient colonies' model to the emigrating peoples' case, we can immediately realize that it applies very well. It is only normal; when a settled population leaves its place of origin to escape foreign domination, they will set up among them a certain elementary form of democratic organization. The kingdom may have lost his credibility as system or the entire royal family decapitated. More than that, the migrating people's social structures differ tremendously from those of a settled society. Migrants may spend months or years until finding a suitable place to settle without fearing eventual attacks; in this exodus, they do not aspire to have palaces, temples, castles and fortresses or other public buildings.