Bracket

Berbagi dan menyebarkan ilmu pengetahuan serta nilai-nilai perusahaan 1 PT PLN (Persero) Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Contoh pemeriksaan rutin antara lain :  Inspeksi jaringan SUTM : Memeriksa dan melaporkan keadaan tiang, Bracket, Cross Arm, Pentanahan, Penghantar ,Isolator, Cut Out, Arrester, PT-LBS / PTS dll.  Inspeksi gardu Distribusi : Memeriksa dan melaporkan keadaan inspeksi gardu distribusi ; Sipil, Ruang gardu, kubikel, Trfao, Panel TR, Terminal, Sepatu Kabel dll.  nspeksi jaringan SUTR : Memeriksa dan melaporkan keadaan tiang, Hantaran, Terminal Out Door, Konektor hantaran dll  Pemeriksaan instalasi dengan Infrared / Thermo Vision.  Pemeriksaan Partial Discharge pada terminal indoor penyulang 20 KV di gadu induk / gardu hubung.  Pengukuran beban pada trafo Distribusi.  Pengukuran beban jurusan pada PHB TR gardu Distribusi.  Pengukuran Tegangan ujung pada JTR.  Test Trip pada PMT Penyulang 20 KV di gardu induk Dl Contoh pemeliharaan rutin antara lain :  Pengecatan tiang pd SUTM dan SUTR.  Pemeotongan ranting / dahan pada pohon yang dapat mengganngu SUTM.  Pengecatan gardu sipil.  Revisi instalasi gardu distribusi dan gardu hubung.  Revisi Instalasi gardu induk disisi 20 KV. 3.4. Pemeliharaan Korektif Contoh perbaikan kerusakan :  Penggantian jointing yang meledak  Perbaikan JTM andongannya rendah Berbagi dan menyebarkan ilmu pengetahuan serta nilai-nilai perusahaan 2 PT PLN (Persero) Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan  Penggantian bushing Trafo Distribusi yang pecah  Penggantian Tiang yang bengkok tertabrak mobil Contoh perbaikan untuk penyempurnaan :  Rehabilitasi gardu distribusi  Rehabilitasi JTM  Rehabilitasi JTR 3.5.Pemeliharaan Darurat Contoh pemeliharaan darurat :  Perbaikan / penggantian JTR yg ruisak akibat kebakaran.  Perbaikan / penggantian instalasi gardu yang rusak akibat banjir.  Perbaikan / penggantian gardu dan jaringan yang rusak akibat huru-hara. 6. PEMELIHARAAN DALAM KEADAAN BERTEGANGAN ( PDKB ) Pemeliharaan peralatan / perlengkapan jaringan distribusi (tr / tm) yang dilaksanakan dimana obyeknya dalam keadaan aktip bekerja atau bertegangan Contoh :  Pemeriksaan rutin kondisi gardu yang sedang beroperasi  Pengukuran beban dan tegangan gardu Ketentuan bekerja pada keadaan bertegangan  Petugas / pelaksana pekerjaan mempunyai kompetensi yang dibutuhkan  Memiliki surat ijin kerja dari yang berwenang  Dalam keadaan sehat, sadar, tidak mengantuk atau tidak dalam keadaan mabuk Berbagi dan menyebarkan ilmu pengetahuan serta nilai-nilai perusahaan 3 PT PLN (Persero) Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan  Saat bekerja harus berdiri pada tempat atau mempergunakan perkakas yang berisolasi dan andal  Menggunakan perlengkapan badan yang sesuai dan diperiksa setiap dipakai sesuai petunjuk yang berlaku  Dilarang menyentuh perlengkapan listrik yang bertegangan dengan tangan telanjang  Keadaan cuaca tidak mendung / hujan  Dilarang bekerja di ruang dengan bahaya kebakaran / ledakan, lembab dan sangat panas 6.1. Ketentuan bekerja di dekat instalasi bertegangan Saat bekerja harus berada pada jarak minimum aman kerja TEGANGAN ( antara fasa dan bumi ) DALAM KV JARAK MINIMUM AMAN KERJA DALAM cm 1 12 20 70 150 220 500 50 60 75 100 125 160 300 • Bila bekerja di dekat instalasi yang lebih tinggi dari pada tegangan perlengkapan yang dikerjakan, harus dipastikan bahwa perlengkapan tersebut bebas dari kebocoran isolasi atau imbas yang membahayakan dan sebaiknya dibumikan • Dilarang menggunakan pengukur panjang, tali logam atau tali dengan anyaman benang logam Berbagi dan menyebarkan ilmu pengetahuan serta nilai-nilai perusahaan 4 PT PLN (Persero) Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan • Di dekat bagian bertegangan, dilarang menggunakan tangga kayu atau bambu yang diperkuat dengan batang logam yang memanjang searah dengan arus listrik • Jika jarak aman tidak dapat dipenuhi, petugas harus menggunakan pengaman dari bahan isolasi 8. PEMELIHARAAN INSTALASI JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI 8.

Enamel Orthodontic Treatment Rebonding Repeated Bonding Shear Bond Strength a b s t r a c t Objectives: There are controversial reports regarding the effect of repeated bonding on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic attachments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the SBS of brackets following early and delayed rebonding, and after employing different methods of composite removal.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded with two self-etching adhesives using different times of air drying. Materials and methods: 120 healthy bovine incisors were divided into 6 groups (n ¼20). Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer and Adper Easy One Self-Etch Adhesive were gently dried at a distance of 20 cm for 3 different times (5 s, 10 s and 15 s). Metal incisor orthodontic brackets were used. The pH of the adhesives was tested with indicator strips and the specimens were tested using a universal testing machine (Instron 3342). Once debonded, each specimen was examined to identify the failure mode (ARI) and SEM was utilized to visualize the enamel conditions. SBS data were subjected to Two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, while ARI data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p¼ 0.05). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between Groups Transbond 5 (11.727 1.52), Transbond 10 (15.25 7 2.27) and Transbond 15 (20.45 71.93), with increases in SBS values as exposure time to the air jet was increased. For adhesive Easy One, there was no statistically significant difference between Groups Easy One 5 (13.10 7 3.46) and Easy One 10 (16.43 7 2.56), or between Groups Easy One 10 and Easy One 15 (18.43 7 2.46). There were no differences between ARI values in the tested groups. Conclusions: The SBS of the self etching adhesive was directly influenced by the length of time air drying was applied. The pH did not affect the shear bond strength and SEM showed conserved enamel after debonding, suggesting that a smaller amount of adhesive on the enamel surface is better.

Objective: To determine the influence of two adhesion boosters on shear bond strength and on the bond failure location of indirectly bonded brackets. Materials and Methods: Sixty bovine incisors were randomly divided into three groups (n  =  20), and their buccal faces were etched using 37% phosphoric acid. In group 1 (control), brackets were indirectly bonded using only Sondhi adhesive. In groups 2 and 3, the adhesion boosters Enhance Adhesion Booster and Assure Universal Bonding Resin, respectively, were applied before bonding with Sondhi. Maximum bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine, and the location of bond failure was evaluated using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test (P < .05) was used to compare the shear bond strength among groups, and the differences in ARI scores were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < .05). The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to determine whether t...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of different pretreatments with fluoride-releasing material on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic bracket. Materials and methods: A total of 60 human mandibular premolars were taken in this study. These samples were stored in periodically changed distilled water at room temperature so as to stop bacterial growth. All samples were randomized to three pretreatment groups: group I, acid etching; group II, fluoride varnish; group III, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste. Later, Transbond XT was applied on brackets made of stainless steel and brackets were centered buccally and then light-cured. The INSTRON universal machine was used to measure SBS. Based on the values, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was estimated. Results: The maximum SBS was seen in group III (18.84 ± 1.04), followed by group II (14.18 ± 0.23), and the minimum bond strength was found in group I (13.90 ± 1.22). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed high statistically significant difference within the pretreatment groups. The pretreatment group comparisons showed statistically significant difference between group I vs group III and group II vs group III. Score 0 was more in group III [8 (40%)] followed by group II [4 (20%)] and group I [2 (10%)]. The lowest number of score 3 was found in CPP-ACP paste group. After comparing the ARI scores within the groups, the Chi-square test showed a probability of 0.001 which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study established that the CPP-ACP paste pretreatment improves the SBS of orthodontic bracket significantly followed by fluoride varnish and acid etching. Clinical significance: The bond strength of orthodontic brackets that were bonded should be adequate to resist orthodontic forces applied during treatment. The effect of the adhesive material to improve the adequate bond strength depends on the efficient pretreatment methods.

A method of designing a manufacturing shape of ship plate parts considering welding deforma-tion is introduced. In this paper, the design shape of a bracket is deformed not by a thermo-elastic method but by a pure geometric method. Deformation quantities are estimated based on data captured in the field and then a manufacturing design shape is obtained by deforming an original design shape by a geometric deformation method. The proposed method has been