Linguistics and Politics

In modern society, the value of political communication has increased dramatically. Recently, some political debates have become the focus of discussion in journalism and scientific literature. The term "Politics" has been translated into Azerbaijani from Arabic. The purpose of the policy is to create conditions and methods for exercising power that is acceptable to certain social groups and classes, and for society as a whole. What exactly is the term "political discourse"? There are various explanations and opinions about this. Politicians are also people involved in regulating and analyzing domestic and foreign relations. What is the relationship between politics and language? Chilton and Schaffner commented on this. The first traces of the fundamental connection between language and politics are found in classical Greek and Roman treatises on rhetoric, and the term "political discourse" has been formed since its inception. The close relationship between language and politics has always been central to both Western political thinking and rhetorical tradition. Indeed, language plays an indispensable role in the creation and maintenance of human communities, the work of organizations and institutions, the activities of politicians, and the civilian life of ordinary people. James Farr has commented on this. The growing interest in political discourse has led to a new trend in linguistics - the so-called "political linguistics". The views and opinions of the political discourse are quite broad and varied. Today, both politics and its relationships are described not as "real objects" but as forms of "silent agreement" to consider them real. The expansion of discourse analysis in political research is developing in parallel with some inevitable complications, both methodologically and terminologically. Many researchers follow the methodology of Michael Foucault, the author of the "archeological" method of research of cognitive systems and the basic figure of current dissertation research. Some postmodern theories tend to overestimate the role of context in political discourse, which makes it difficult to identify patterns of discourse development and thus to build a general theory of discourse. So, we can say that political discourse plays an important role in the political world. To create a good impression on the audiences, politicians have to know how to use the language in the political process.

El debat electoral és un gènere no cooperatiu en què els polítics
busquen la polèmica i l’enfrontament d’opinions divergents (Cortés i
Bañón 1997). La intenció última dels participants en aquest tipus
d’esdeveniment mediàtic és aconseguir el vot dels ciutadans, de
manera que mostrar control discursiu sobre els adversaris pot
contribuir considerablement a convèncer els destinataris de la
superioritat dels partits que cada polític representa.
En aquest treball analitzem els inicis de torn del debat electoral
realitzat amb motiu de les eleccions autonòmiques del 1995, emès per
TV3 i TVE el 3 de novembre de 1995 (1 hora i 53 minuts). Així, hem
transcrit el debat, hem identificat els torns i hi hem diferenciat
intervencions quan consideràvem que, malgrat una interrupció, no hi
havia canvi de torn. Seguidament, hem classificat tots els inicis
marcats i els hem inclòs en una base de dades Access que ens ha
permès creuar diferents trets funcionals i formals. Dels 374 torns, 213
tenen alguna estratègia d’inici identificable i recurrent, la qual cosa
indica clarament que l’inici de torn constitueix una posició crucial en
l’estructura de l’intercanvi.