Mush dialect
Mush dialect (Armenian: Մշոյ բարբառ, Mšo barbař) is a Western Armenian dialect formerly spoken in the city of Mush (Muş) and the historic region of Taron, in present-day eastern Turkey. As a result of the extermination of the native Armenian population during the genocide of 1915, the dialect is almost completely extinct today with only several thousand native speakers in a number of villages in the Republic of Armenia and three Armenian-populated villages in the Samtskhe-Javakheti province of Georgia.
Area spoken
According to Hrachia Adjarian in the early 20th century, the Mush dialect was spoken in the cities of Bitlis, Xizan (Hizan), Khlat (Xlat), Arjesh, Bulanikh, Manazkert, Khnus (Xnus), and Alashkert. The dialect was spread to the west of Lake Van.[2]
During the Russo-Turkish War of (1877–78), Armenians from Mush and Alashkert established villages in the Erivan Governorate: in Aparan and south of Novo-Bayazit (present-day Gavar). According to Adjarian there were 21 Armenian villages in the Erivan Governorate where the Mush dialect was spoken. Another group of Armenians from Khnus settled near Akhalkalaki, particularly in three villages: Heshtia, Toria and Ujmana.[2][3]
According to a 1955 article the Mush dialect was spoken in villages located in the following districts (raion) of Soviet Armenia: Talin, Aparan, Artik, Aghin, Ejmiatsin, and Martuni.[4]
One notable village in Armenia where the dialect is still spoken is Kamo in the northwestern Shirak Province.[5][6]
Notable speakers
- Gegham Ter-Karapetian (Msho Gegham) (1856–1918), writer, poet[7]
- Arabo (1863–1893), fedayi
- Aghbiur Serob (1864–1899), fedayi
- Hrayr Dzhoghk (1864–1904), fedayi
- Kevork Chavush (1870–1907), fedayi
- Makhluto (1872–1956), fedayi
- Armenak Shahmuradyan (1878–1939), singer
- William Saroyan (1908–1981), US-born writer[8]
- Khachik Dashtents (1910–1981), writer
Songs in Mush dialect
- "Zartir lao" - ashugh Fahrat (1890s)
- "Dle yaman" - written down by Komitas Vardapet in early 20th century, performed by Lusine Zakaryan, Flora Martirosian, Isabel Bayrakdarian,
- "Lily" - Armenoids (2007)
- Gulo - Hasmik Harutyunyan
References
- Notes
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- Further reading
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. — includes folklore genres in Mush dialect
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. — a wide study on the dialect, includes 15 stories, 710 proverbs, sayings, blessings
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- ↑ Adjarian 1909, pp. 44-45.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Adjarian 1909, p. 48.
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- ↑ Baghdasarian 1955, p. 69.
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ YouTube video of William Saroyan's visit to Soviet Armenia in the 1970s. He clearly speaks the Mush dialect.
