DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES -Before taking linagliptin, assess if the client have allergy in medication. -Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: disease of the pancreas (pancreatitis). -You may experience blurred vision, dizziness, or drowsiness due to extremely low or high blood sugar levels. Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can perform such activities

Linagliptin

5MG/TAB 1 TAB OD

Antidiabetics

Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise toimprove glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

-Hypersensitivity -Type 1 diabetes mellitus -Diabetic ketoacidosis

Nasopharyngitis (4.3%) Hyperlipidemia (2.8%; with pioglitazone) Cough (2.4%; with metformin and sulfonylurea) Hypertriglyceridemia (2.4%; with sulfonylurea) Weight gain (2.3%; with pioglitazone) Hypoglycemia 7.6% overall incidence 22.9% incidence compared with placebo plus metformin and a sulfonylurea Incidence similar to placebo with monotherapy or combined with metformin or pioglitazone

safely. -Limit alcohol while taking this medication because it can increase your risk of developing low blood sugar. -Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Clonidine hydrochloride

150 mcg/tab 1 tab BID

Antihypertensive

Step 2 drug in stepped-care approach to treatment of hypertension, either alone or with diuretic or other antihypertensive agents. Epidural administration as adjunct therapy for severe pain.

Hypersensitivity. Disorders of cardiac pacemaker activity and conduction.

Dry mouth, Assessment drowsiness, History: dizziness, headache, Hypersensitivity constipation, to clonidine or impotence, vivid adhesive layer dreams, urinary components of retention; dry, the transdermal itching, burning system; severe sensation in the coronary eye; fluid or insufficiency, electrolyte recent MI, imbalance, GI upset, cerebrovascular paralytic ileus, disease; chronic orthostatic renal failure; l hypotension, weakness, sedation, Interventions pruritus, myalgia, WARNING: urticaria, nausea, Do not insomnia, discontinue arrhythmias, abruptly; agitation. Reduced discontinue GI motility at times therapy by may cause paralytic reducing the ileus. dosage Potentially gradually over Fatal: Transient 24 days to hypertension or avoid rebound profound hypertension, hypotension, tachycardia, respiratory flushing, depression, nausea,

convulsion. Clonidine withdrawal syndrome could be life threatening. Bradycardia, coma and disturbances in conduction (in individuals with preexisting diseases of SA/AV nodes, overdose or on digitalis).

vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias (hypertensive encephalopathy and death have occurred after abrupt cessation of clonidine). Do not discontinue transdermal therapy prior to surgery; monitor BP carefully during surgery; have other BPcontrolling drugs readily available. Continue oral clonidine therapy within 4 hr of surgery then resume as soon as possible thereafter. Store epidural injection at room temperature; discard any

unused portions. Reevaluate therapy if clonidine tolerance occurs; giving concomitant diuretic increases the antihypertensiv e efficacy of clonidine. Monitor BP carefully when discontinuing clonidine; hypertension usually returns within

DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES How it should be taken : It comes as a tablet to take by mouth, with food. Warnings and Precautions : * Caution should be exercised in patients with history of liver, kidney problems, any allergy. * Monitor blood sugar level regularly while taking this medication. Other Precautions : * Avoid excess dosage. Storage Conditions : Store it at room temperature.

Gliclazide

80 mg 1 tab OD

Antidiabetics

This medication is used in conjunction with diet and exercise regimens to control high blood sugar in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent heart disease, strokes,kidney disease, circulation problems, and blindness.

Contraindicated in patients with diabeticketoacidosis, severe liver and kidney impairment, and hypersensitivity.

GI disturbances, skin reaction, decrease in blood cell counts, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach inflammation.

DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES -Take drug after meals or with food and a full glass of water to decrease GI upset. Do not chew or crush tablets, swallow tablets whole. Mix or dissolve oral liquids, soluble powders, and effervescent tablets completely in 38 ounces of cold water, juice, or other suitable beverage, and drink it slowly. Take the drug as prescribed; do not take more than prescribed. -Do not use salt substitutes. -You may find wax matrix capsules in the stool. The wax matrix is not

Kalium Durule

1 durule TID

electrolyticand water balance agent

Hypokalemia. Prophylaxis during treatment w/ diuretics

Renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, untreated Addison's disease, constriction of the esophagus &/or obstructive changes in the alimentary tract.

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (taking the drugs with meals, diluting them further may help). Report tingling of the hands or feet, unusual tiredness or weakness, feeling of heaviness in the legs, severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, black or tarry stools, pain at IV injection site.

absorbed in the GI tract. -Have periodic blood tests and medical evaluation.

DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES -Monitor client for hypotension after starting drug. Place client supine if hypotension occurs, and give IV normal saline, if needed. -For patient whose renal function may depend on the activity of the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system (such as those with severe heart failure)treatment with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptors antagonist has caused oliguria or progressive azotemia and acute renal failure or death

Telmisartan

80 mg/5 mg /tab 1 tab OD

Angiotensin II Antagonist Diuretics

Treatment for essential hypertension .Blocks vasoconstricting

Cholestasis & biliary obstructive disorders .Severe hepatic & renal impairment (CrCl <30mL/min). Refractory hypokalemia, hypercalcemia

feeling like you might pass out; painful or difficult urination; chest pain; feeling short of breath, even with mild exertion; swelling in your hands or feet; or high potassium (slow heart rate, weak pulse, muscle weakness, tingly feeling). stuffy nose, sinus pain, cough; back pain; stomach pain, diarrhea; headache, dizziness; tired feeling; weakness; or Mild skin rash.

DRUG

DOSAGE

CLASSIFICATION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Assessment & Drug Effects Monitor BP for therapeutic effectiveness. BP reduction is greatest after peak levels of amlodipine are achieved 69 h following oral doses. Monitor for S&S of dose-related peripheral or facial edema that may not be accompanied by weight gain; rarely, severe edema may cause discontinuation of drug. Monitor BP with postural changes.

Amlodipine

80 mg/5 mg /tab 1 tab OD

Calcium channelblocker Antianginal drug Antihypertensive

Angina pectoris due to coronary artery spasm Chronic stable angina, alone or in combination with other agents Essential hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensives

Contraindicated with allergy to amlodipine, impaired hepatic or renal function, sick sinus syndrome, heart block

CNS: Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, asthenia, fatigue, lethargy CV: Peripheral edema, arrhythmias Dermatologic: Flushing, Rash GI: Nausea, abdominal discomfort

Report postural hypotension. Monitor more frequently when additional antihypertensives or diuretics are added. Patient & Family Education Report significant swelling of face or extremities. Take care to have support when standing & walking due to possible doserelated lightheadedness/dizzi ness. Report shortness of breath, palpitations, irregular heartbeat, nausea, or constipation to physician.

Far Eastern University Institute of Nursing

Submitted to:
Prof. Jocelyn Lauro Clinical Instructor

Submitted by:
De Vera, Camilley S. BSN308/ GROUP 30