JUN MONTHLY TEST

PHYSICS SECONDARY 4

Name : ____________________________
Class : 4 .

Chapter 3 : Forces and pressure

(a)

The pressure of the air in each of the two tyres of Othamans motorbike is 2
Pa ( N
).
Each tyre has an area of 0.004
in contact with the ground . [ Gravitational field strength is 10 N
(i)

What is the total mass of his motorbike

( ii )

Why is it that it is not advisable for Othaman to measure his tyre pressure immediately after a
long journey ?
[ 2 marks ]

[ 3 marks ]

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(b)

An enclosed cylinder containing a constant mass of gas is heated . Based on the kinetic theory of gases,
explain why the pressure exerted by the gas molecules in the cylinder increases .
[ 3 marks ]
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2.

(a)

It shows a hot, wet cup placed upside down on a smooth table for a few seconds. It is found to be difficult
to lift up the cup again . Explain why ?
[ 3 marks ]
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(b)

A weather map indicating regions of high and low pressures in a European country . The variation in
atmosphere pressure on the weather cup ranges from 976 mbar to 1040 mbar . If 1 bar = 1.0
, what is this variation in N
[ 2 marks ]

(c )

(i)

Name the lines of equal pressure on the weather map.

[ 1 mark ]

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( ii )

If these lines are close together , what does it mean ?

[ 1 mark ]

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( iii )

Wind blows between different pressure regions. From what sort of pressure region will a wind
start ?
[ 1 mark ]
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It shows a model of a hydraulic machine used for lifting heavy loads such as cars in garage .
It consists of two pistons, X and Y of cross sectional area 0.02
and 0.28
, respectively .
When piston X is pressed down by applying a force is 15 N , a larger force is produced on piston Y .
(a)

Calculate the pressure exerted on the oil by piston X.

[ 2 marks ]

(b)

What is the magnitude of the pressure exerting on piston Y ? Explain your answer.

[ 2 marks ]

(c)

(d)

(i)

Calculate the maximum load that can be lifted by piston Y .

( ii )

If piston X is depressed downwards by a distance of 21 cm , what is the distance moved by

State two advantages of using oil instead of water in hydraulic machines .

[ 1 mark ]

[ 2 marks ]

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4.

A drinking straw closed at one end by using plasticine is partially filled with fine sand to act as a hydrometer .
The length of the drinking straw is 12.0 cm and its cross-sectional area is 0.8
.
When the drinking straw is placed in a vessel containing water, it floats upright in water.
[ Density of water = 1.0
]
(a)

(b)

The length of drinking straw above the water surface is 7.0 cm . Calculate
(i)

the volume of water displaced ,

[ 1 mark ]

( ii )

the weight of water displaced.

[ 2 marks ]

Write an equation to relate the forces acting on the drinking straw floating in water .

[ 1 mark ]

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(c)

The drinking straw is then placed in a vessel containing olive oil. It is found that the drinking straw floats
upright and its length above the oil surface is 6.6 cm .
(i)

Explain why the length of drinking straw above the oil surface decreases.

[ 2 marks ]

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( ii )

Calculate the density of olive oil .

[ 2 marks ]

A ping-pong ball floating and rotating admist fast airflow coming out from the nozzle of a hairdryer.
(a)

(i)

Mark the region where the air pressure is low by a letter L

[ 1 mark ]

BONUS MARK .
( ii )

Explain why the region marked as L has lower air pressure.

[ 2 marks ]

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( iii )

Name on physics principle that can be use to explain the observation .

[ 1 mark ]

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(b)

(i)

Mark and label the forces acting on a ping-pong ball .

[ 2 marks ]

BONUS MARK
( ii )

Explain the existence of the force which prevents the ping pong ball from falling down .
[ 2 marks ]
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7.

Diagram 6.1 ( a ) shows a load place on an ice block. When the load is removed, the ice block is found to float
again as shown in Diagram 6.1 ( b )
(a)

What are the forces acting on the ice block ?

[ 2 marks ]

(b)

Based on the observations in Diagram 6.1 ( a ) and Diagram 6.1 ( b) , state the common features of an
ice block and a loaded barge that can float in sea water. Relate these features to explain a physics
concept and name this concept.
[ 4 marks ]

(c)

It shows cruising ship. By using suitable physics concepts, explain any practical modifications required
to be done on the ship to convert it into a submarine that can move at high speed under water and on the
sea surface .
[ 10 marks ]

A polystyrene structure with an attached straw that passes through a vertical metal rod. When the electric fan is
switched on, the polystyrene structure starts to move upwards.
(a)

(i)

What is the meaning of pressure ?

[ 1 mark ]

( ii )

Compare the speed of air flowand the air pressure between the upper and bottom sides of the
polystyrene structure. Relate the difference in air pressure produces a force to make a deduction
regarding the relationship between the air pressure and the speed of air flow.
[ 4 marks ]

( iii )

Name the principle involved.

[ 1 mark ]

(b)

Bunsen burner that burns with yellow flame. Suggest modifications to the burner so that it burns with blue
flame. Give reasons to your answer.
[ 4 marks ]

(c)

An efficient hydraulic brake system essential in a car for safety purposes. Suggest and explain how to
build a hydraulic brake system that can function effectively, based on the following aspects :
(i)
( ii )
( iii )

The tyre and characteristics of brake fluid used.

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