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    Fundamental Concepts and Definitions - X N N

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    kprasannan
    The document discusses real gases and how they deviate from the behavior of ideal gases. It explains that real gases do not obey the ideal gas law at high pressures and temperatures due to intermolecular forces and molecular volume. Several equations of state have been developed to model the behavior of real gases more accurately, including the van der Waals, Berthelot, Dieterici, Redlich-Kwong, and Beattie-Bridgeman equations. The ideal gas law can be modified for real gases using a compressibility factor, which accounts for the deviation from ideal gas behavior.

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    Fundamental Concepts and Definitions - X N N

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    kprasannan
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    The document discusses real gases and how they deviate from the behavior of ideal gases. It explains that real gases do not obey the ideal gas law at high pressures and temperatures due to intermolecular forces and molecular volume. Several equations of state have been developed to model the behavior of real gases more accurately, including the van der Waals, Berthelot, Dieterici, Redlich-Kwong, and Beattie-Bridgeman equations. The ideal gas law can be modified for real gases using a compressibility factor, which accounts for the deviation from ideal gas behavior.

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    The document discusses real gases and how they deviate from the behavior of ideal gases. It explains that real gases do not obey the ideal gas law at high pressures and temperatures due to intermolecular forces and molecular volume. Several equations of state have been developed to model the behavior of real gases more accurately, including the van der Waals, Berthelot, Dieterici, Redlich-Kwong, and Beattie-Bridgeman equations. The ideal gas law can be modified for real gases using a compressibility factor, which accounts for the deviation from ideal gas behavior.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views1 page

    Fundamental Concepts and Definitions - X N N

    Uploaded by

    kprasannan
    The document discusses real gases and how they deviate from the behavior of ideal gases. It explains that real gases do not obey the ideal gas law at high pressures and temperatures due to intermolecular forces and molecular volume. Several equations of state have been developed to model the behavior of real gases more accurately, including the van der Waals, Berthelot, Dieterici, Redlich-Kwong, and Beattie-Bridgeman equations. The ideal gas law can be modified for real gases using a compressibility factor, which accounts for the deviation from ideal gas behavior.

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    Fundamental Concepts and Definitions ni or, in general xi = ni Total no.

    of moles,

    ____________________________________________

    17

    n = n1 + n2 + n3 or, n = ni
    i =1

    Sum of mole fractions of all constituent equals to 1, =1 n Number of moles of any constituent gas, ni = n xi For Mi being the molecular weight of a constituent gas, the mass mi of that constituent shall be mi = ni Mi or, mi = n xi Mi and the total mass m, shall be m = mi = n. xi Mi Molecular weight of mixture shall be: M =
    m = n

    xi =

    ni

    xi Mi

    1.16 REAL GAS


    When a gas is found to disobey the perfect gas law, i.e. the equation of state for ideal gas, then it is called real gas. Real gas behaviour can also be shown by a perfect gas at the changed thermodynamic states such as high pressure etc. Deviation of real gas from ideal gas necessitates the suitable equation of state which can be used for interrelating the thermodynamic properties P, V, and T. From the kinetic theory of gases it is obvious that the ideal gas equation of state suits the gas behaviour when intermolecular attraction and volume occupied by the molecules themselves is negligibly small in reference to gas volume. At high pressures intermolecular forces and volume of molecules both increase and so the gas behaviour deviates from ideal gas to real gas. A number of mathematical equations of state suggested by Van der-Waals, Berthelot, Dieterici, Redlich-Kwong, Beattie-Bridgeman and Martin-Hou etc. are available for analysing the real gas behaviour. Daltons law and Amagats law can also be used for real gases with reasonable accuracy in conjunction with modified equations of state. As the ideal gas equation does not conform to the real gas behaviour in certain ranges of pressures and temperatures, so the perfect gas equation should be modified using compressibility factor for the gas at given pressure and temperature. Such modified form of equations shall be; Pv = Z R T Here Z is the compressibility factor, a function of pressure and temperature. Thus, compressibility factor is like a correction factor introduced in ideal equation of state for suiting the real gas behaviour. Compressibility factor is an indication of deviation of a gas from ideal gas behaviour and can be mathematically given as;

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