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    Nervi Craniales: Dr. Hadi Raharjo Wibowo

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    Amal Bahrum Penas
    This document describes the 12 cranial nerves in the human body: - It lists the 12 cranial nerves and provides a brief description of each one's function, including which muscles and sensory regions they innervate. - Several nerves like the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves have both motor and sensory components, innervating muscles and sensing temperature, touch, and other stimuli from the face and body. - The document also discusses the nuclei and pathways that the axons of each nerve follow, from receptors to target regions in the brain. This provides details on the anatomy and pathways that allow the cranial nerves to perform their roles.

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    Nervi Craniales: Dr. Hadi Raharjo Wibowo

    Uploaded by

    Amal Bahrum Penas
    61 views19 pages
    This document describes the 12 cranial nerves in the human body: - It lists the 12 cranial nerves and provides a brief description of each one's function, including which muscles and sensory regions they innervate. - Several nerves like the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves have both motor and sensory components, innervating muscles and sensing temperature, touch, and other stimuli from the face and body. - The document also discusses the nuclei and pathways that the axons of each nerve follow, from receptors to target regions in the brain. This provides details on the anatomy and pathways that allow the cranial nerves to perform their roles.

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    Nervi Craniales

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    This document describes the 12 cranial nerves in the human body: - It lists the 12 cranial nerves and provides a brief description of each one's function, including which muscles and sensory regions they innervate. - Several nerves like the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves have both motor and sensory components, innervating muscles and sensing temperature, touch, and other stimuli from the face and body. - The document also discusses the nuclei and pathways that the axons of each nerve follow, from receptors to target regions in the brain. This provides details on the anatomy and pathways that allow the cranial nerves to perform their roles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    61 views19 pages

    Nervi Craniales: Dr. Hadi Raharjo Wibowo

    Uploaded by

    Amal Bahrum Penas
    This document describes the 12 cranial nerves in the human body: - It lists the 12 cranial nerves and provides a brief description of each one's function, including which muscles and sensory regions they innervate. - Several nerves like the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves have both motor and sensory components, innervating muscles and sensing temperature, touch, and other stimuli from the face and body. - The document also discusses the nuclei and pathways that the axons of each nerve follow, from receptors to target regions in the brain. This provides details on the anatomy and pathways that allow the cranial nerves to perform their roles.

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    NERVI CRANIALES

    dr. Hadi Raharjo Wibowo


    NERVI CRANIALES
    N. I -> olfactorius
    N. II -> opticus
    N. III -> oculomotorius
    N. IV -> trochlearis
    N. V -> trigeminus
    N. VI -> abducens
    N. VII -> facialis
    N. VIII -> octavus / vestibulocochlearis
    N. IX -> glossopharyngeus
    N. X -> vagus
    N. XI -> accessorius
    N. XII -> hypoglossus
    NERVUS OLFACTORIUS
    Sifat special viscerosensoris
    Receptor (sel olfactory di meatus nasi
    suprema=neuron I) -> neuron bipolar di
    bulbus olfactorius (neuron II) -> tractus
    olfactorius -> uncus + parahypocampus
    (primary olfactory complex=neuron III) ->
    entorhinal cortex (area 28/olfactory
    assosiation cortex)
    NERVUS OPTICUS
    Sifat special somato sensoris
    Receptor (rod & conus cell=neuron I) ->
    neuron bipolar (neuron II) -> lapisan
    ganglioner retina (neuron III) -> n. opticus -
    > chiasma opticus ->neuron IV
    Corpora genitulatum laterale -> area 17
    Ncl. pretectalis -> reflex consensual
    Colliculus superior-> reflex somato-optik
    NERVUS
    VESTIBULOCOCHLEARIS
    Nervus cochlearis
    Bersifat special somato sensoris
    Receptor (organon Corti) -> ggl. cochlearis
    (neuron I) -> n. cochlearis -> ncl. cochlearis
    ventralis & dorsalis (neuron II) -> colliculus
    inferior (neuron III) -> corpora geniculatum
    mediale (neuron IV) -> auditory radiation ->
    gyrus temporalis lateralis (area 41 + 42 &
    asosiasi area 22)
    Nervus vestibularis
    Receptor (crista ampullaris -> reflex stato-
    kinetis & macula -> reflex stato-tonis) -> ggl.
    vestibularis/Scarpae (neuron I) -> n.
    vestibularis -> ncl. vestibularis -> fasciculus
    longitudinalis medialis -> nuclei nervi III, IV,
    VI, XI dan cornu anterior medulla spinalis.
    NERVI III, IV & VI
    Bersifat somatomotor -> mm extrinsik bola mata
    N III -> visceromotor + mm intrinsik bola mata
    Nervus oculomotorius
    Bersifat somatomotor, visceromotor, somato sensoris
    Nucleus somatomotor -> m. rectus medialis + superior
    + inferior, m. obliques inferior & m. levator palpebrae
    Nucleus visceromotor (Edinger-Westphal) ->
    m. sphincter pupillae + m. ciliaris
    Nucleus Perlia (somatomotor) -> penting untuk
    convergensi bola mata
    Nervus trochlearis
    Merupakan satu2nya n. cranialis yg menyilang
    Minnervasi m. obliques superior
    Nervus abducens
    Merupakan nervus intracranial terpanjang
    Menginnervasi m. rectus lateralis
    NERVUS TRIGEMINUS
    Bersifat somatosensoris & special visceromotor
    T.d -> n. opthalmicus + maxillaris
    (somatosensoris) & n. mandibula
    N. opthalmicus -> dahi, mata, hidung, meningen,
    sinus paranasalis & mucosa hidung
    N. maxillaris -> gigi maxilla, bibir, pipi (kulit),
    palatum durum, sinus maxillaris & mucosa hidung
    N. mandibularis (somatosensoris) -> gigi
    mandibula, pipi (mucosa), lidah, sebag.
    MAE, proprioceptive + SVE mm.
    pengunyah
    Ggl. Gasseri (N I) -> ncl. Principalis (suhu,
    raba) + n. tractus spinalis (N II), ncl.
    Mesencephalicus (proprioceptive, N I) ->
    lemniscus trigemini -> thalamus (N III)

    NERVUS FACIALIS
    Bersifat SVE, GVE, GSA, GVA + SVA
    Special visceromotoris -> otot mimik, m.
    stapedius, m. biventer venter posterior, m.
    auricularis posterior
    Visceromotoris -> gl. Lacrimalis,
    sublingualis & submandibularis
    Spesial viscerosensoris -> pengecap 2/3
    bagian ventral lidah
    Somatosensoris
    Sebagian MAE
    Telinga sebelah dorsal
    Viscerosensoris
    Gl. Submaxillaris
    Gl. Submandibularis
    Pembuluh darah bagian muka
    NERVUS
    GLOSSOPHARYNGEUS
    Bersifat GSA, GVA, AVA, GVE & SVE
    Ggl. Nervus IX
    Ggl. Superior -> somatosensoris
    Ggl. Petrosum -> viscersensoris + special
    visceromotor)
    Nuclei motoris pd n. IX
    Ncl. ambiguus (SVE) ->m.stylopharyngeus
    Ncl. Salivatorius inferior -> gl. parotis
    Axon sensoris n. IX
    1/3 bag. dorsal lidah -> pengecap
    Receptor proprioceptive m. stylopharyngeus
    Mucosa -> tonsil, pharynx & cavum timpani
    NERVUS VAGUS
    Bersifat GSA,GVA, SVA, GVE & SVE
    Axon nuclei motoris n. X
    Ncl. ambiguus -> m. pharynx, m. palatum
    molle, m. cricothyroid
    Ncl. Dorsalis n. X -> colli, thorax, abdomen
    Axon somatosensoris -> meatus acusticus
    externus
    Axon viscerosensoris -> mucosa
    oesophagus-2/3 bag. dextra colon
    transversum
    Axon special viscerosensoris -> mucosa
    epiglottis sebagai pengecap
    NERVUS ACCESSORIUS
    Bersifat SVE + GSA (proprioceptive)
    Ramus bulbaris dari ncl. ambiguus ->
    musculi intrinsik larynx kecuali m.
    cricothyroid
    Ramus spinalis -> m. sternocleidomatoideus
    & m. trapezius
    NERVUS HYPOGLOSSUS
    Bersifat somatomotoris & somatosensoris
    (proprioceptive)
    Menginnervasi
    M. intrinsik lidah
    M. extrinsik lidah kecuali m. palatoglossus

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