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2
Section A
Bahagian A
[40 marks]
[40 markah]
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Diagram 1 shows the structure of a human sperm.


Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur sperma manusia.

Diagram 1
Rajah 1
What is the organelle that is abundant in P?
Apakah organel yang banyak terdapat di P?
A
B
C
D

Mitochondrion
Mitokondria
Ribosome
Ribosom
Chloroplast
Kloroplas
Lysosome
Lisosom

2 Which of the following structures is found in both animal and plant cells?
Manakah antara struktur- struktur berikut didapati di dalam kedua-dua sel haiwan
dan sel tumbuhan?
A
B
C
D

Cell wall
Dinding sel
Choloroplast
Kloroplas
Plasma membrane
Membran plasma
Centrioles
Sentriol

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3 Diagram 2 shows the structure of an animal cell.


Rajah 2 menunjukkan struktur sel haiwan.

Diagram 2
Rajah 2
What is the organelle X ?
Apakah organel X?
A Cytoplasm
Sitoplasma
B Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Jalinan endoplasma kasar
C Ribosome
Ribosom
D Golgi apparatus
Jasad Golgi

4 Table 1 below shows the functions of three organelles in a cell.


Jadual 1 di bawah menunjukkan fungsi tiga organel di dalam satu sel.
ORGANELLE
Organel
R
S
T

FUNCTIONS
Fungsi
Synthesis protein
Mensistesis protein
Controls cell activities
Mengawal aktiviti sel
As a medium for all chemical processes in the cell
Sebagai medium bagi semua proses kimia di dalam sel.

What are organelles R, S and T?


Apakah organel R, S dan T?

A
B
C
D

R
Mitochondrion
Mitokondria
Ribososme
Ribosom
Endoplasmic reticulum
Jalinan endoplasma
Ribososme
Ribosom

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S
Nucleus
Nukleus
Mitochondrion
Mitokondria
Nucleus
Nukleus
Nucleus
Nukleus

T
Cytoplasm
Sitoplasma
Vacuole
Vakuol
Cytoplasm
Sitoplasma
Cytoplasm
[PB01/S /2.1/C
Sitoplasma
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5 The following information is about organelle M in plant cells.


Maklumat di bawah adalah tentang organel M di dalam sel tumbuhan.

Made up of cellulose
Terbina daripada selulosa

Permeable to all fluid


Telap kepada semua cecair

Maintains/ the shape of the cells


Mengekalkan bentuk sel

Provide support for the cells


Memberi sokongan kepada sel

What is organelle M ?
Apakah organel M ?
A Golgi apparatus
Jasad Golgi
B Nucleus
Nukleus
C Cell wall
Dinding sel
D Endoplasmic reticulum
Retikulum endoplasma

6 Diagram 3 shows the structure of a typical plant cell.


Rajah 3 menunjukkan struktur tipikal sel tumbuhan.
What is the organelle act as the site for photosynthesis ?
Apakah organel yang bertindak sebagai tapak fotosintesis?

A
B
C
Diagram 3
Rajah 3

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7 Which of the following cell does not have centrioles?


Manakah antara sel berikut tidak mempunyai sentriol?

Diagram 4 shows a protozoa.


Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu protozoa.

Diagram 4
Rajah 4
What is the is organelle labelled F?
Apakah organel yang berlabel F?
A
B
C
D

Nucleus
Nukleus
Contractile vacuole
Vakuol pengecutan
Food vacuole
Vakuol makanan
Pseudopodium
Pseudopodia

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9 Diagram 5 shows a process carried out by an Ameoba sp.


Rajah 5 menunjukkan suatu proses yang dijalankan oleh Ameoba sp.

Diagram 5
Rajah 5
What is the process shown in the diagram above?
Apakah proses yang ditunjukkan di dalam gambarajah tersebut?
A
B
C
D

Budding
Pertunasan
Conjugation
Konjugasi
Osmoregulation
Pengosmokawalaturan
Binary fission
Belahan dedua

10 Which of the following organs involved in maintaining blood glucose level?


Antara organ-organ berikut yang manakah terlibat dalam mengekalkan aras glukosa
darah?
A

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11 Diagram 6 shows an animal muscle tissue


Rajah 6 menunjukkan satu tisu otot haiwan

Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Which of the following is the function of the tissue when it contracts?
Antara berikut, yang manakah fungsi tisu itu apabila ia mengecut?
A Pumps blood to all parts of the body
Mengepam darah ke seluruh badan
B

Moves the bones


Menggerakan tulang

Detects stimulus and transmits impulse


Mengesan rangsangan dan menghantar impuls

Peristaltic movement along the digestive tract


Pergerakan peristalsis sepanjang salur pencernaan

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12 Diagram 7 shows the feeding process in Amoeba sp.


Rajah 7 menunjukkan proses pemakanan Amoeba sp.

Bacteria
Bakteria
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
What is the correct sequence of the process?
Manakah antara berikut merupakan susunan yang betul bagi proses tersebut?

P : The food vacuoles fuses with the lysosome containing lysozyme


Vakuol makanan bergabung dengan lisosom yang mengandungi lisozim
Q : The nutrients diffuse into the cytoplasm and are assimilated by the cell
Nutrien meresap masuk ke dalam sitoplasma dan diserap oleh sel
R : Two pseudopodia extend out to enclose the bacteria
Dua pseudopodia mengunjur keluar untuk melitupi bakteria
S : Food particles are trapped in a food vacuole
Partikel makanan diperangkap di dalam vakuol makanan

A
B
C
D

P, Q, R, S
S, P, R, Q
Q, S, R, P
R, S, P, Q

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Diagram 8 shows different types of cells and structures found in the human body.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan jenis-jenis sel yang berbeza dan struktur-struktur yang dijumpai
dalam badan manusia.

Diagram 8
Rajah 8

Which of the following systems consist of P, Q, R and S?


Manakah antara sistem berikut terdiri daripada P, Q, R dan S?

A
B
C
D

P
Circulatory system
Sistem peredaran
Respiratory system
Sistem respirasi
Skeletal system
Sistem rangka
Reproductive system
Sistem pembiakan

Q
Muscular system
Sistem otot
Nervous system
Sistem saraf
Nervous system
Sistem saraf
Circulatory system
Sistem peredaran

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R
Respiratory system
Sistem respirasi
Excretory system
Sistem perkumuhan
Excretory system
Sistem perkumuhan
Nervous system
Sistem saraf

S
Excretory system
Sistem perkumuhan
Reproductive system
Sistem pembiakan
Circulatory system
Sistem peredaran
Excretory system
Sistem perkumuhan

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10

Diagram 9 shows the synthesis of an enzyme in a cell.


Rajah 9 menunjukkan sintesis enzim di dalam sel.

Diagram 9
Rajah 9
What will happen if organelle T is not present?
Apakah yang akan berlaku jika organel T tiada?
A
B
C
D

15

Energy cannot be generated


Tenaga tidak boleh dihasilkan
Proteins synthesized cannot be modified
Protein yang disintesiskan tidak dapat diubahsuai
Enzyme cannot be synthesized
Enzim tidak boleh disintesiskan
Proteins synthesized cannot be transported
Protein yang disintesiskan tidak dapat diangkut

Which of the following substances can move across the phospholipid bilayer of
plasma membrane ?
Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah bergerak merentasi dwilapisan fosfolipid
membran plasma?
A
B
C
D

Glucose
Glukosa
Fatty acid
Asid lemak
Amino acids
Asid amino
Sodium ion
Ion Natrium

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11
Diagram 10 shows the structure of alveolus and the blood capillary.
Rajah 10 menunjukkan struktur alveolus dan kapilari darah.

O2
O2
O2

Diagram 10
Rajah 10
What is the process that causes the oxygen to diffuse from alveolus into blood
capillary?
Apakah proses yang menyebabkan oksigen meresap masuk daripada alveolus ke
kapilari darah?
A
B
C
D

17

Osmosis
Osmosis
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

Which of the following proces involves the transport of amino acid molecules by
carrier protein following the concentration gradient?
Manakah di antara proses berikut melibatkan pengangkutan molekul asid amino
oleh protein pembawa mengikut kecerunan kepekatan?
A
B
C
D

Osmosis
Osmosis
Diffusion
Resapan
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

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12

Diagram 11 shows the structure of the plasma membrane.


Rajah 11 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.

Diagram 11
Rajah 11
What do the parts labelled R, S and T represent?
Apakah yang diwakili oleh bahagian yang berlabel R,S dan T?

A
B
C
D

R
Phospolipid bilayer
Lapisan dwifosfolipid
Pore protein
Protein liang
Glycoprotein
Glikoprotein
Phospolipid bilayer
Lapisan dwifosfolipid

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S
Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
Phospolipid bilayer
Lapisan dwifosfolipid
Pore protein
Protein liang
Carrier protein
Protein pembawa

T
Pore protein
Protein liang
Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
Phospolipid bilayer
Lapisan dwifosfolipid
Glycoprotein
Glikoprotein

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13
Diagram 12 shows a condition that happen in the plant cell after being immersed
in solution Y for 30 minutes. What type of solution represents Y?
Rajah 12 menunjukkan suatu keadaan yang berlaku di dalam sel tumbuhan setelah
direndam di dalam larutan Y selama 30 minit. Apakah jenis larutan yang diwakili
oleh Y?

Before immersed
Sebelum direndam

After immersed
Selepas direndam
Diagram 12
Rajah 12

Isotonic solution
Larutan isotonik
B Hypertonic solution
Larutan hipertonik
C Hypotonic solution
Larutan hipotonik
D Distilled water
Air suling

20 Which of the following solutions has the lowest osmotic pressure?


Antra larutan berikut, yang manakah mempunyai tekanan osmosis paling rendah?
A
B
C
D

Pond water
Air kolam
Distilled water
Air suling
0.1% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 0.1%
0.5% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 0.5%

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14
Diagram 13 shows the movement of substance P across the plasma membrane..
Rajah 13 menunjukkan pergerakan bahan P melalui membran plasma.
High concentration of substance P
Kepekatan bahan P tinggi

Low concentration of substance P


Kepekatan bahan P rendah
Diagram 13
Rajah 13
What is the process involve in the movement?
Apakah proses yang terlibat dalam pergerakan ini?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
B Diffusion
Resapan
C Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
D Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif

22

Which of the two processes involved in the movement of water molecules and
mineral ions into root hair cells?
Manakah di antara dua proses berikut terlibat dalam pergerakan molekul air dan
ion mineral ke dalam sel akar rambut?

A
B
C
D

Water molecules
Molekul air
Osmosis
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
Osmosis
Osmosis
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif

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Mineral ions
Ion mineral
Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
Osmosis
Osmosis

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15
Diagram 14 shows a visking tubing containing sucrose solution 20% which is
immersed in distilled water.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan tiub visking berisi larutan sukrosa 20% yang direndam
dalam air suling.

Diagram 14
Rajah 14

Which of the following occurs in the experiment above?


Manakah yang berikut berlaku dalam eksperimen di atas?
A
B

C
D

The water molecules diffuse into the visking tubing by osmosis


Molekul air meresap masuk ke dalam tiub visking secara osmosis.
The sucrose molecules diffuse out of the visking tubing by facilitated diffusion.
Molekul sukrosa meresap keluar daripada tiub visking secara resapan
berbantu
The water molecules diffuse out of the visking tubing by osmosis.
Molekul air meresap keluar daripada tiub visking secara osmosis.
The sucrose molecules diffuse out of the visking tubing by active transport.
Molekul sukrosa meresap keluar daripada tiub visking secara pengangkutan
aktif.

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16

Diagram 15 shows processes X and Y which occur when red blood cells are immersed
in distilled water and concentrated salt solution respectively.
Rajah 15 menunjukkan proses-proses X dan Y yang berlaku apabila sel darah merah
masing-masing direndam dalam air suling dan larutan garam pekat.

Diagram 15
Rajah 15

Which of the following are processes X and Y?


Antara berikut, yang manakah proses-proses X dan Y?

A
B
C
D

Process X
Proses X
Haemolysis
Hemolisis
Haemolysis
Hemolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

Process Y
Proses Y
Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis
Crenation
Krenasi
Haemolysis
Hemolisis
Crenation
Krenasi

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17

Diagram 16 shows the process of making salted egg.


Rajah 16 menunjukkan proses membuat telur masin.

Concentrated
salt solution
Larutan
garam pekat

Egg
Telur

Diagram 16
Rajah 16

Which of the following statements explain the phenomenon that happened to the egg after
being immersed in saturated salt solution for 20 minutes?
Penyataan manakah menerangkan fenomena yang berlaku kepada telur yang telah direndam
dalam larutan garam pekat selama 20 minit.
I.
II.
III.
IV.

Salt diffuse into the egg through the shell.


Garam meresap ke dalam telur melalui cengkerang.
Concentrated salt solution is hypertonic to the egg.
Larutan garam pekat adalah hipertonik terhadap telur.
Salt enter the egg by active transport.
Garam memasuki telur melalui pengangkutan aktif.
Water molecules diffuse out from the egg by osmosis.
Molekul air meresap keluar daripada telur melalui osmosis

A I and IV only
I dan IV sahaja
B I, II and III only
I, II dan III sahaja
C II, III and IV only
II, III dan IV sahaja
D I, II and IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja

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18
An experiment was carried out in which cylindrical potato strips were placed in
sucrose solutions of different concentration. The mass of the potato strips at the
beginning and the end of the experiment was recorded. Which of the following
graph represents the result of the experiment?
Suatu eksperimen telah dijalankan di mana jalur selinder kentang direndam di
dalam larutan sukrosa yang berbeza kepekatan. Jisim jalur silinder kentang di awal
dan di akhir eksperimen telah direkodkan. Manakah antara graf berikut mewakili
keputusan eksperimen ini?

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19
Diagram 17 shows a cucumber strip.
Rajah 17 menunjukkan satu jalur timun.

Epidermis
Epidermis

Diagram 17
Rajah 17
A student soaked the cucumber strip in distilled water. Which of the following
represent the condition of the cell and the cucumber strip after 24 hours?
Seorang pelajar merendam jalur timun di dalam air suling. Yang manakah berikut
mewakili keadaan sel dan jalur timun tersebut selepas 24 jam?
Condition of cell

Condition of cucumber strip

Keadaan sel

Keadaan jalur timun

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28 Which of the following statement is the correct match between different classes of
lipids and their functions?
Manakah antara pernyataan berikut padanan yang betul di antara kelas lipid dan
fungsinya?

Class of lipid
Kelas lipid
A
B
C
D

Triglycerides
Trigliserida
Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
Steroids
Steroid
Sebum
Sebum

Function
Fungsi
Component of sex hormones
Komponen bagi hormone seks
Protect the outer layer of leaves
Melindungi lapisan luar daun
Component of plasma membrane
Komponen bagi membran plasma
Soften the skin
Melembapkan kulit

29 Diagram 18 shows the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme action.


Rajah 18 menunjukkan hipotesis mangga dan kunci bagi tindakan enzim.

Diagram 18
Rajah 18
Which of the following represent P, Q and R?
Antara berikut, yang manakah mewakili P, Q dan R?

A
B
C
D

P
Substrate
Substrat
Substrate
Substrat
Enzyme
Enzim
Product
Hasil

Q
Enzyme
Enzim
Product
Hasil
Substrate
Substrat
Enzyme
Enzim

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R
Product
Hasil
Enzyme
Enzim
Product
Hasil
Substrate
Substrat

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30 The following statements are about a chemical compound in cell.


Pernyataan berikut adalah tentang satu sebatian kimia dalam sel.
Medium for chemical reactions in cell
Medium tindakbalas kimia di dalam sel
Maintains osmotic pressure
Mengekalkan tekanan osmosis
Which of the following chemical compound has the characteristics listed above ?
Antara yang berikut, sebatian kimia yang manakah mempunyai ciri-ciri yang
disenaraikan di atas ?
A
B
C
D

Lipid
Lipid
Water
Air
Enzyme
Enzim
Protein
Protein

31 Which elements are important in formation of human bones and teeth?


Elemen yang manakah penting dalam membentuk tulang dan gigi manusia?
I

Sodium
Natrium
II Chlorine
Klorin
III Calcium
Kalsium
IV Phosphorus
Fosforus
A
B
C
D

I and II only
I dan II sahaja
II and III only
II dan III sahaja
III dan IV sahaja
III dan IV sahaja
I, II dan IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja

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32 Diagram 19 shows the basic unit of a DNA molecule.


Rajah 19 menunjukkan unit asas bagi satu molekul DNA.

Diagram 19
Rajah 19
Which of the following represent components X, Y and Z?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili komponen X, Y dan Z?

A
B
C
D

X
Nitrogenous base
Bes bernitrogen
Phosphate group
Kumpulan fosfat
Pentose sugar
Gula pentosa
Phosphate group
Kumpulan fosfat

Y
Pentose sugar
Gula pentosa
Nitrogenous base
Bes bernitrogen
Nitrogenous base
Bes bernitrogen
Pentose sugar
Gula pentosa

Z
Phosphate group
Kumpulan fosfat
Pentose sugar
Gula pentosa
Phosphate group
Kumpulan fosfat
Nitrogenous base
Bes bernitrogen

33 Diagram 20 shows a structure of one lipid molecule.


Rajah 20 menunjukkan satu struktur molekul lemak.

R
Q

R
R
Diagram 20
Rajah 20

What are the parts labeled Q and R?


Apakah bahagian yang berlabel Q dan R?

A
B
C
D

Q
Amino acid
Asid amino
Glycerol
Gliserol
Fatty acid
Asid lemak
Amino acid
Asid amino

R
Glycerol
Gliserol
Fatty acid
Asid lemak
Glycerol
Gliserol
Glycerol
Gliserol

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34 Diagram 21 shows a structure of haemoglobin, a major component that can be found


in the red blood cell.
Rajah 21 menunjukkan satu struktur hemoglobin, satu komponen utama yang boleh
dijumpai di dalam sel darah merah.

Diagram 21
Rajah 21
Which level of this protein structure is?
Manakah aras untuk struktur protein ini?
A
B
C
D

Primary structure
Struktur primer
Secondary structure
Struktur sekunder
Tertiary structure
Struktur tertier
Quarternary structure
Struktur quartener

35 What is the main form of food storage in plant?


Apakah bentuk utama makanan simpanan di dalam tumbuhan?
A
B
C
D

Starch
Kanji
Glucose
Glukosa
Maltose
Maltosa
Sucrose
Sukrosa

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36 Which of the following is polysaccharide?


Antara berikut yang manakah polisakarida?
A
B
C
D

Fructose
Fruktosa
Cellulose
Selulosa
Galactose
Galaktosa
Lactose
Laktosa

37 Diagram 22 shows a process, Y which is involved in converting maltose into glucose.


Rajah 22 menunjukkan proses Y yang terlibat dalam penukaran maltosa kepada
glukosa.

Substance X
Bahan X

Process Y
Proses Y
Glucose
Glukosa

Diagram 22
Rajah 22

Which of the following represent substance X and process Y?


Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mewakili bahan X dan proses Y?

A
B
C
D

Substance X
Bahan X
Glucose
Glukosa
Water
Air
Water
Air
Glucose
Glukosa

Process Y
Proses Y
Hydrolysis
Hidrolisis
Condensation
Kondensasi
Hydrolysis
Hidrolisis
Condensation
Kondensasi

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38 Which enzyme is correctly matched to its function?


Enzim manakah yang dipadankan dengan betul kepada fungsinya?

A
B
C
D

Enzyme
Enzim
Protease
Protease
Amylase
Amilase
Cellulase
Selulase
Lipase
Lipase

Function
Fungsi
Tenderise meat
Mengempukkan daging
Soften the vegetables
Melembutkan sayuran
Convert starch to glucose
Menukarkan kanji kepada glukosa
Production of yogurt
Penghasilan yogurt

39 Keratin is an example of hair protein. Which of the following is the protein structure
for keratin?
Keratin merupakan sejenis protein rambut. Manakah antara berikut merupakan
struktur protein bagi keratin?

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40 Diagram 23.1 shows a stained shirt being washed by detergent containing lipase at
37oC. The result was obtained after 1 hour.
Rajah 23.1 menunjukkan satu baju kotor yang dibasuh dengan pencuci mengandungi
lipase pada suhu 37oC. Hasilnya diperolehi selepas 1 jam.

After 1 hour
Selepas satu jam
Diagram 23.1
Rajah 23.1
Diagram 23.2 shows another stained shirt of the same material was washed by using
similar detergent but at 60oC.
Rajah 23.2 menunjukkan satu baju kotor yang lain yang mempunyai material yang
sama telah dibasuh dengan pencuci yang sama tetapi pada suhu 60oC.

After 1 hour
Selepas satu jam

Diagram 23.2
Rajah 23.2
Which of the following shows the result after 1 hour?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan hasilnya selepas 1 jam?
A

4551/1 2013 Hak Cipta Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA

SULIT

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