Trial Pahang SPM 2012 Biology

4551/1
BIOLOGY
Kertas 1
Sept2012
11/4 JAM
MAJLIS PENGETUA SEKOLAH MALAYSIA
NEGERI PAHANG
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2012
BIOLOGY
Tingkatan 5
Kertas 1
Satu jam lima belas mlnit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
4551/1
2. Soalan dalam Bahasa lnggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam Bahasa
Melayu.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
MAKLUMA T UNTUK CAL ON
This question paper consists of 50 questions.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 24 halaman bercetak
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang
sebelah]
[Lihat halaman
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Diagram 1 shows an animal cell.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu se/ haiwan.
A
c
Diagram 1 I Rajah 1
B
D
Which of the organelles A , B , C or D is the site of cellular respiration ?
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Di antara organel A, B , C atau D yang manakah adalah tapak respirasi sel ?
2. Diagram 2 shows one specialised cell.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu sel yang khusus.
Diagram 2 I Rajah 2
What is the function of the cell in Diagram 2?
Apakah fungsi sel dalam Rajah 2?
A Produce energy during cellular respiration.
Menghasilkan tenaga semasa respirasi sel
B Brings impulse from spinal cord to the muscles
Membawa impuls dari saraf tunjang ke otot
...
. electrical signal when stimuli detected
fl .... isyarat elektrik bila rangsangan dikesan
ft D the electrical signal to the chemical signal
:;;,. MentJJ:arkan isyarat elektrik kepada isyarat kimia
\;>
.. ,-"!\; }
O.c-- ,__,. .. A
. , v 00 .. ,('
'.
@ 20 12 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang 2
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3 Diagram 3 shows the cell organisation in multicellular organism.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan organisasi set dalam organisma multisel.
Cell
Se/
X---+ Organ Systemm,__-_.., Organism
Organ Sistem Organisma
Diagram 3 I Rajah 3
Which part of the body can be represented by X?
Apakah bahagian badan yang boleh diwakili oleh R?
A
c
Ligament
Ligamen
Epithelium
Epitelium
8
D
Heart
Jantung
Skin
Kulit
4 Diagram 4 shows the synthesis of extracellular enzymes.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sintesis enzim luar set.
Diagram 4 I Rajah 4
Which of the following is the function of organelle Y?
Yang manakah di antara berikut merupakan fungsi organel Y?
synthesis of proteins I sintesis protein
II modifying of proteins I ubahsuai protein
. ... . protein I sisih protein
ri'( of proteins I bungkus protein
. '::,, r rMd II only 8

II and Ill only D
II and Ill only
II, Ill and IV only
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang 3
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5 Diagram 5 shows three substances P, a and R passing through the plasma membrane
of a cell.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan tiga bahan P, Q dan R merentasi membran plasma set.
outside of cell
1\111
p
Q R
inside of cell
Diagram 5 I Rajah 5
What substances are P, a and R likely to be?
Apakah bahan yang mewakili P, Q dan R?
P Q R
A Amino acid
Asid amino
B Oxygen
Oksigen
c Glucose
Glukosa
D Small protein
Protein kecil
Glucose
Glukosa
I on
/on
Amino acid
Asid amino
Amino acid
Asid amino
Water
Air
Glucose
G/ukosa
Oxygen
Oksigen
Carbon monoxide
Karbon monoksida
6 Molecules that can move easily through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion
Include
Moleku!-molekul yang mudah bergerak merentasi membran plasma me/alui resapan
ringkas termasuk/ah
water I air
II oxygen I oksigen
Ill carbon dioxide I karbon dioksida
fat-soluble vitamins I vitamin larut-lemak

C I, II and Ill only
D I, II, Ill and IV only
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7 Diagram 6 shows the shape of a stalk of mustard green when put in certain type of
solution
Rajah 6 menunjukkan bentuk batang sawi yang diletakkan dalam jenis larutan tertentu.
Epidermi s
Initial Final
Awal eksperimen Akhir eksperimen
Diagram 6 I Rajah 6
Which of the following is the correct type of solution?
Di antara berikut yang manakah merupakan jenis /arutan yang betul?
8
A
c
Hypertonic I hipertonik
Hypotonic I hipotonik
Distilled water

Sucrose .
soluti on -.........._
B
D
Isotonic I isotonik
Supertonic I supertonik
Beginning of
experim(-)nt.
Visking
End of
cxperime.nt
Diagram 7 I Rajah 7
What is the process that takes place in Diagram 7?
Proses apakah yang berlaku di da/am Rajah 7?
A Osmosis
Osmosis
transport
. v , aktif
diffusion
\:' . \ -:- berbantu
- . !
d. r' {t')/cilitated transportation
" '<ff oc;;f{b_:/ Pengangkutan berbantu __ . ,..,.,
...,... . ......
9 Which of the following is not a function of water?
Di antara berikut yang manakah bukan fungsi bagi air?
A. Provides a moist surface for the diffusion of gases
Menyediakan permukaan /embab untuk resapan gas
B. Facilitates the movement of joints
Membantu pergerakan sendi
C. An insulator of heat in the body
Penebat haba di dalam badan
D. Facilitates the hydrolysis of food by enzymes
Membantu tindakan hidro/isis makanan o/eh enzim
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10 Lipid is needed to form P while cellulose is needed to form Q. What are P and Q ?
Lipid diperlukan untuk membentuk P manakala selu/osa diper/ukan untuk membentuk Q.
Apakah P dan Q?
Com(2ound P I Sebatian P Com(2ound g I Sebatian g
A. Protoplasm Cell wall
Protoplasma Dinding set
B. Plasma membrane Cell wall
Membran plasma Dinding set
C. Cell wall Protoplasm
Dinding set Protoplasma
D Cell wall Plasma membrane
Oinding set Membran plasma
11 Which of the following statements does not state the importance of mitotic cell division?
Di antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah tidak menyatakan kepentingan
pembahagian set mitosis?
A Replace dead cells
Menggantikan set-set yang mati
B Produce gamete cells
Menghasilkan set-set garnet
,'i?J.v., -e.:.:.,... damaged cells
?:<I ' ' c. sel-sel yang rosak
ln;ctease the of cells
-G>. bilangan set-set
. \.9<4;.- . /.
._.. ;,, )Y
I)"''
. ...
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12 Diagram 8 below shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reaction, R and S in the human
body.
Rajah 8 di bawah menunjukkan kadar tindak balas hidrolisis enzim, R dan S dalam
badan manusia.
Rate of
reaction
optimum pH 20

optimum pH 85
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 l2 13 pH
Diagram 8 I Rajah 8
Which of the following is true about enzymes R and S?
Yang mana di antara berikut adalah benar mengenai enzim R dan S?
Enzyme R EnzymeS
Enzim R Enzim S
A Secreted in the stomach Secreted into the duodenum
Dirembeskan dalam perut Dirembeskan ke dalam duodenum
B The active site changes at pH more The active site changes at pH more
than 4 than 7
Tapak aktif berubah pada pH Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih
lebih daripada 4 daripada 7
C R is trypsin Sis lipase
R adalah tripsin S adalah lipase
D Synthesized in the rough in the Synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic
endoplasmic reticulum reticulum
Disintesis dalam retikulum Disintesis dalam retikulum endoplasma
endoplasma kasar ficin
13 of the following plant structures undergoes meiosis?
.. struktur tumbuhan berikut yang manakah menjalani meiosis?
.. A s Flowers
.)t "' l}.iiun Bunga
CJ. grains D Epidermal cells
.. #. " t tir debunga Set epidermis
V(l " _. .,.-:

14 Diagram 9 shows the different stages of mitosis.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat yang berbeza dalam mitosis.
p
Q
R
Diagram 9 I Rajah 9
Arrange the diagrams in the correct sequence.
Susun rajah tersebut dalam urutan yang betul.
A
c
P, Q, R, S
S,R , Q, P
8
D
Q , R , P, S
S, R, P, Q
s
15 Which of the fol lowing food pyramids fulfill the needs of a growing child?
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Di antara piramid makanan berikut, yang manakah memenuhi keperluan seorang kanak-
kanak yang sedang membesar?
A
Fat
Lemak
B
D
8
Protein
Carbohydrate
Kar bohidrat
Fmits
Buah-buahan
Protein
Protein
Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
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16 Diagram 10 shows the structure of a villus. Nutrients that can be found in X are
Rajah 10 menunjukkan struktur vi/us. Nutrien yang boleh ditemui di dalam X adalah
Diagram 10 I Rajah 10
glucose I g/ukosa
II vitamin D I vitamin D
Ill vitamin C I vitamin C
IV fatty acids I asid lemak
A
c
I, II and Ill only
II and IV only
B
D
I, Ill and IV only
I, II, Ill and IV
17 In which part of the large intestine shown in the Diagram 11 are haemorrhoids found?
Di bahagian usus besar yang manakah dalam Rajah 11 buasir boleh ditemui?
appendix
B
D
colon
Colon I Kolon
Appendix I Apendiks
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18' Gall bladder stores bile. A patient in hospital has had the structure removed and
needs a special diet. Which menu would be most suitable for this patient?
Pundi hempedu menyimpan cecair hempedu. Seorang pesakit di hospital terpaksa
membuang pundi berkenaan dan memerlukan diet khusus. Menu yang manakah paling
sesuai untuk pesakit tersebut?
A Fish in cheese sauce and fruit pie
lkan bersos keju dan pai buah-buahan
8 Sausages, boiled potato and cream cake
Sosej, kentang rebus dan kek berkrim
C Skinless chicken, green salad and fresh orange
Ayam tanpa kulit, salad sayuran hijau dan oren segar
D Fried fish, potato chips and rice
lkan goreng, kerepek kentang dan nasi
19 Which of the following are true about anaerobic respiration in animal?
Di antara berikut yang manakah benar tentang respirasi anaerobik dalam haiwan?
A C6H12 06 2C3H603 + energy I tenaga
8 C6H 1206 2C2H50H + 2C02 + energy I tenaga
c 6C02 + 6H20 + energy I tenaga CeH 12 Oe + 602
D CeH 120e + 602 6C02 + 6H20 + energy I tenaga
20 Which of the following statement about respiration is true?
Di antara pemyataan berikut yang manakah benar mengenai respirasi?
A Respiration occurs only in the day time
Respirasi berlaku hanya pada waktu siang
8 Only plants carry out respiration
Hanya tumbuhan menjalankan respirasi
C Internal respiration involves the oxidation of food
Respirasi dalaman melibatkan pengoksidaan makanan
D Respiration occurs only at night
Respirasi berlaku hanya pada malam hari
.
-.-...,;!'q:,J,
: ..
I . '- :'11.
"{ . }, .
. :5\ , (0 .'1
-::: y .... . .. ..., . _ .. .
\ j:;:\.1
(""'1 ';-" _!,
...
Yey'-1 /. . .

.
@ 2012 Hok Cipto MPSM Pahang 10
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21 A student exhaled air several times onto a piece of dry cobalt chloride paper. He noticed
that the paper changed from blue to pink. Another piece of dry cobalt chloride paper that
have been placed in an open Petri dish remained blue for the duration of the experiment
(one minute)
What is the conclusion of the experiment?
Seorang pelajar menghembuskan nafasnya beberapa kali ke atas sehelai kertas kobalt
klorida kontang. Beliau mendapati kertas tersebut bertukar wama daripada biru kepada
merah jambu. Sehelai lagi kertas kobalt klorida kontang yang diletakkan di dalam pi ring
Petri yang terbuka kekal biru sepanjang tempoh masa eksperimen ( satu minit)
Apakah kesimpulan daripada eksperimen?
A Exhaled air contains more oxygen than inhaled air
Udara hembusan mengandungi lebih oksigen daripada udara tarikan nafas.
8 Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide than inhaled air
Udara hembusan mengandungi lebih karbon dioksida daripada udara tarikan
nafas
C Exhaled air contains more water vapour than inhaled air
Udara hembusan mengandungi lebih wap air daripada udara tarikan nafas.
D Exhaled air contains more heat energy than inhaled air
Udara hembusan mengandungi /ebih tenaga haba dariapda udara tarikan nafas.
22 Diagram 12 shows the apparatus used in an experiment to study the respirations in
yeast.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen mengkaji proses
respirasi oleh yis.
paraffin oU
yeast and
boiled diluted
glucose
solutl;m
Set-.up 1
lime water
yeut and boiled
concentrated
glucose solution
The results obtained are shown in the table.
Keputusan yang dipero/ehi ditunjukkan dalam jadua/.
Results I Keputusan
Ethanol produced
Etanol dihasilkan
No ethanol produced
Tiada etanol dihasilkan
11
Set-up 2
~ limewater
-:::::
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What conclusion can be drawn from the results?
Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada keputusan tersebut?
A Yeast breaks down glucose completely at a high glucose concentration
Yis menguraikan g/ukosa dengan lengkap pada kepekatan glukosa yang tinggi
B Yeast respires aerobically at a high glucose concentration
Yis berespirasi secara aerobik pada kepekatan glukosa yang tinggi
C Yeast is killed by dehydration at a high glucose concentration
Yis mati disebabkan oleh kepekatan glukosa yang tinggi
D Yeast cannot respire anaerobically at a high glucose concentration
Yis tidak dapat berespirasi secara aerobic pada kepekatan g/ukosa yang tinggi
23 Diagram 13 shows three different types of interactions between organisms.
Rajah 13 menunjukkan tiga jenis interaksi di antara organisma.
K
L
What of the following is true about the interactions K, L and M?
Yang mana di antara berikut benar mengenai interaksi K, L dan M?
K L M
A Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
B Mutualism Parasitism Saprophytism
c Saprophytism Commensalism Mutualism
D Parasitism Commensalism Mutualism
M
24 Which of the following are the uses of microorganisms in biotechnology?
Yang mana antara berikut kegunaan mikroorganisma dalam bioteknologi?
I Food processing
Pemprosesan makanan
II Waste treatment
Rawatan kumbahan
Ill Production of bioplastics
Penghasilan bioplastik
IV Production of energy from biomass
Penghasi/an tenaga daripada biojisim
A
c
I and II only
II, Ill and IV only
B
D
I, Ill and IV only
I, II, Ill and IV
25 Diagram 14 shows the total energy transferred through four trophic levels.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan pemindahan tenaga menerusi empat aras tropik.
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Grass
Rumput
4000 kJ
Caterpillars
Beluncas
800 kJ
Birds
Burung
160 kJ
Eagles
Helang
32 kJ
What percentage of energy is lost from the producer to the tertiary consumer?
Berapa peratus tenaga yang hilang daripada pengeluar kepada pengguna tertier?
A
c
10%
80%
B
D
20%
99%
26 Table 3 shows the results of an experiment to study the population of garden snails in a
vegetable farm.
Jadua/ 3 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji popu/asi siput babi di
. dalam kebun sayur
Capture
Tangkapan
Number of garden snails captured
Bilangan siput babi yang ditangkap
40 marked
40 bertanda
1 00 were marked
100 ditandakan
80 unmarked
80 tidak bertanda
Table 3 I Jadual 3
What is the approximate population of the snails in the farm?
Apakah anggaran populasi siput di dalam kebun?
A.
c.
20
300
B.
D.
27 Which of the following gases causes acid rain?
150
520
Di antara berikut gas yang mana menyebabkan hujan asid?
A Oxygen gases
Gas oksigen
C Nitrogen gases
Gas nitrogen
28 Diagram 15 shows a man-made activity.
Rajah 15 menunjukkan aktiviti manusia.
8
D
Sulphur dioxide
Sulfur dioksida
Carbon monoxide
Karbon monoksida
What is the effect of this activity to the environment?
Apakah kesan daripada aktiviti tersebut ke atas persekitaran?
Flash flood
Banjir kilat
II Erosion
Hakisan
warming
, _ .. global
Thin'rf6'g:-_of the ozone layer
\g( lapisan ozon
<.A "J_. n__.. ali,all only
O.o .....__ .,1; _)!J
only
8
D
I, II and IV only
Ill and IV only
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29 The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be reduced by
Jum/ah karbon dioksida dalam atmosfera boleh dikurangkan melalui
A Respiration. B
Respirasi
C Photosynthesis. D
Fotosintesis
30 Diagram 16 shows the structure of a human heart.
Rajah 16 menujukkan struktur jantung manusia.
Combustion.
Pembakaran
Exhalation.
Hembusan nafas
Blood in X originates from
Darah dalam X berasal dari
A.
c.
Aorta
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
Vena pulmonari
B.
D.
Pulmorary artery
Arteri pu/monari
Vena cava
Vena cava
31 A person who has recovered from measles has obtained
Seseorang yang baru sembuh daripada demam campak mempero/ehi
A natural active immunity
keimunan aktif semulajadi
active immunity
on:; . __:1' aktif buatan

q passive immunity
7:5
1
kefinunan pasif semulajadi
, D a9g}red passi.ve immunity
. #. ,Ka,fiJunan pas1f buatan
v;:;-._ _. '' )7' ,
ic .,c. ? "

4551/1
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32 Diagram 17 shows three different blood circulatory systems P, Q and R.
33
Rajah 17 menunjukkan tiga sistem peredaran darah P, Q dan R.
Tissue
Tisu
Heart
Jan tung
Which of the following is a correct match of the animal and its circulatory system?
Yang manakah antara berikut merupakan padanan yang betul bagi haiwan dan sistem
peredarannya?
Human Amphibian Fish
Man usia Amfibia lkan
A
p
Q R
B
p
R Q
c R
p
Q
D R Q
p
Diagram 18 shows a human vertebra.
Rajah 18 menunjukkan vertebra manusia.
y
B Spinous process
Cuaran spina
D Transverse foramen
Foramen melintang
~
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34 Which of the following statements is true concerning the humerus?
Di antara pernyataan berikut yang mana ada/ah benar berkaitan humerus?
A One of the tendons of the bicep muscles are attached to it
Salah satu tendon dari otot bisep melekat kepadanya
B It forms a hinge joint with the scapula
Ia membentuk sendi engse/ dengan skapula
C The joint between the humerus and ulna is a ball-and-socket joint
Sendi di antara humerus dan ulna adalah sendi /esung
D It is the longest bone in the body
Ia merupakan tulang terpanjang di dalam badan
35 Which of the following is true about aerenchyma cell ?
Di antara yang berikut yang mana ada/ah benar mengenai set aerenkima?
A Contains a large vacuole
Mengandungi vakuol yang besar
B Provides mechanical support for plants
Memberikan sokongan mekanikal kepada tumbuhan
C Has large air spaces between the cells
Mempunyai ruang udara yang besar di antara se/-se/
D Has thickened walls and is always turgid
Mempunyai dinding yang tebal dan sentiasa segah
36 Diagram 19 shows a knee joint .
Rajah 19 menunjukkan sendi /utut.
'ch of the following tissues joins X to Y?
__ tisu yang mana menghubungkan X dan Y?
,..cA B Tendon
Tendon
,,. l ti!k,
.,.,. ., _ C D Cartilage

0"C, Rawan
.
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37
Based on the Diagram 20, what are the characteristics of a good posture when sitting?
Berdasarkan Rajah 20, apakah ciri-ciri postur yang baik ketika duduk?
I The back and hips are bent forward
Bahagian belakang dan pinggul membongkok ke hadapan
II The vertebral column is nearly parallel to the axis of the body
Turus vertebra hampir selari dengan paksi tubuh
Ill The shoulder and the back are straight and perpendicular to the hips
Bahu dan bahagian belakang lurus dan serenjang dengan pinggul
IV The thigh is comfortable and relax on the chair
Paha selesa dan rehat di atas kerusi
A
c
I, Ill and IV only
I and IV only
38 What is the function of cerebrum?
Apakah fungsi serebrum?
B
D
II, Ill and IV only
II and IV only
A. Initiates and controls all voluntary actions
Menjana dan mengawal semua tindakan terkawal
B. Coordinates movement and maintains body balance
Mengkoordinasi pergerakan dan mengekalkan keseimbangan badan
Controls and coordinates all involuntary actions
'1;. "1,engawal dang mengkoordinasi semua tindakan tidak terkawa/
?."''( all voluntary and involuntary actions
semua tindakan terkawal dan tidak terkawal
1.. , . .;.
,-v , !. , . Ai,"'/l
... :.;_j Y
- b., ____ ....
... ,. ., -
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39 Diagram 21 shows a nerve pathway involved in a reflex action. Which structure is an
efferent neurone?
Rajah 21 menunjukkan la/uan saraf yang terlibat dalam tindakan refleks. Struktur yang
manakah merupakan neuron eferen?
40 Diagram 22 shows part of the nervous system, including a reflex arc. A bee stings a .
finger, as shown. What are the sudden effects of this sting?
Rajah 22 menunjukkan sebahagian sistem saraf, termasuk arka reflex dan seekor /ebah
yang sedang menyengat jari .. Apakah kesan serta merta sengatan tersebut?
bee
Paint felt
Kesakitan yang dirasai
A No
Tidak
No
Tidak
Yes
Ya
Yes
Ya
@ 20 12 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang
Arm moved
Lengan dialihkan
No
Tidak
Yes
Ya
No
Tidak
Yes
Ya
19
arm muscle
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41 Diagram 23 shows a method of producing fruits from flowering plants using an auxin
hormone.
Rajah 23 menunjukkan kaedah penghasilan buah daripada tumbuhan berbunga dengan
menggunakan harmon auksin.
Auxin
hormone
How is the fruit produced by this method different from the fruit produced naturally?
Bagaimanakah buah yang dihasilkan melalui kaedah ini berbeza daripada buah yang
dihasilkan secara semulajadi?
A. The fruit is sweeter.
Buah lebih manis
B. The fruit is more succulent
Buah lebih berair
C. The fruit has more fibre.
Buah mempunyai /ebih banyak serat
D The fruit does not have seeds.
Buah tidak mempunyai biji
42 Which of the following does not occur in spermatogenesis?
Yang mana di antara berikut tidak berlaku dalam proses spermatogenesis?
A Spermatogonia divide by meiosis to form primary spermatocytes.
Spermatogonia membahagi secara meiosis untuk membentuk spermatosit
primer.
. aJ cells in the testis produce testosterone.
, interstis di dalam testis menghasilkan testosteron
undergo differentiation to form spermatozoa.

:;. mengalami pembezaan membentuk spermatozoa.
l,i }
*'-5-o D r- undergo meiotic division.
mengalami pembahagian meiosis.
\""'
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43 Diagram 24 shows the female reproductive system. In which parts are the eggs and
the zygote formed?
Rajah 24 menunjukkan system pembiakan wanita. Di bahagian manakah telur dan zigot
terbentuk?
Eggs Zygote
Telur Zigot
A 1 2
B 1 3
c 2
D 2 3
44 Diagram 25 shows the cross section of the dicotyledonous stem.
Rajah 25 menunjukkan keratan rentas batang dikotiledon.
~ W
X
y
z
B. X andY
D. Yand Z
1
2
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45 If T represents the allele for tallness and t the allele for dwarfness, then an individual
with Tt is
Jika T mewakili ale/ untuk ketinggian dan ale/ t untuk kekerdilan, individu dengan Tt
adalah
A homozygous for tallness
homozigot untuk ketinggian
B heterozygous for tallness
heterozigot untuk ketinggian
C. homozygous for dwarfness
homozigot untuk kekerdi/an
D. heterozygous for dwarfness
heterozigot untuk kekerdilan
46 Diagram 26 shows a DNA nucleotide.
Rajah 26 menunjukkan satu nukleotida DNA.
The sugar found in DNA is
Gula yang terdapat dalam DNA adalah
A deoxyribose
C. glucose
B. fructose
D. ribose
4 7 Diagram 27 below shows the karyotype of an individual.
Rajah 27 menunjukkan kariotip seorang individu.

1 2 3 4 5
'hB XI fin 'AX Xlr llli
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
r.n fln fu'\ XX i\il ftX
13 14 15
16 17118
'XX. t1 A ;A, It K
. .
19 20 21 22 X y
The individual is a
lndividu ialah seorang
A Normal man
Lelaki normal
B Normal woman
Perempuan normal
C Man with Down Syndrome
Lelaki dengan sindrom Down
D Woman with Down Syndrome
Perempuan dengan sindrom Down
455111
48 Diagram 28 shows the inheritance of albinism within a family. A are dominant alleles
while a are recessive alleles.
Rajah 28 menunjukkan pewarisan sifat albinism di dalam keluarga. A adalah dominan
manakala a adalah ale/ resesif.
Key I Kekunci :
D
Normal male
Lelaki normal
0
Normal female
Perempuan normal
What are the genotip for X and Y?
A kah genotip X dan Y?
X y
AA AA
A a A a
AA a a
A a a a
@ 2012 Hok Cipto MPSM Pohang 23
II
Albino male
Lelaki albino
Albino female
Perempuan albino
4551/1
49 A man heterozygous for blood group A marries a woman heterozygous for blood group
B and they have a son. Which of the following statements about the child's blood group
is correct?
50
Seorang lelaki dengan kumpulan darah A heterozigot berkahwin dengan seorang
perempuan dengan kumpulan darah B heterozigot dan mereka mendapat seorang anak
/elaki. Pemyataan yang manakah benar mengenai kumpulan darah anak mereka?
A It could only be blood group A
Hanya mendapat kumpu/an darah A
B It could only be blood group A or B
Hanya mendapat kumpulan darah B
C It could only be blood group AB
Hanya mendapat kumpu/an darah AB
D It could be any of the blood groups A, B, AB or 0
Boleh mendapat mana-mana kumpu/an darah A, B, AB atau 0
Which of the following shows the variation of the height of students in a class of
form 5?
Oi antara berikut yang mana menunjukkan variasi ketinggian pel ajar di dalam kef as
tingkatan 5?
A B
-

-
r-
-
r-

r-
Q)
r-
-
]
r-
<1:1

I n
0

0
z
He1ght Height
c
D

C1)
"0

-

0
0
z
Height
4551/2
4551/2
BIOLOGY
Kertas 2
Sept2012
2%JAM
NAMA: ............................................. .
TINGKATAN : .................................. .
NEGERI PAHANG
BIOLOGY
Tingkatan 5
Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh min it
1. Kertas soaJan ini adaJah daJam Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
dwibahasa.
2. SoaJan daJam bahasa Jnggeris
mendahuJui soaJan yang sepadan
daJam bahasa.
3. CaJon dibenarkan menjawab
keseJuruhan atau sebahagian
soaJan sama ada daJam bahasa
Jnggeris atau bahasa MeJayu.
4. CaJon dikehendaki membaca
makJumat di haJaman kertas
soaJan ini.
Sahagian
A
B
SoaJan
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jumlah
Markah Markah
Penuh diperolehi
12
12
12
12
12
20
20
20
20
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 20 haJaman bercetak
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang [Lihat halaman sebelah]
2
Section A
Sahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini
1. Diagram 1 (a) shows a type of cell.
Rajah 1(a) menunjukkan sejenis se/
(a)
(b)
State the type of cell shown in diagram 1 (a)
Nyatakan jenis se/ yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah 1 (a)
Name the structure labelled A, B, C and D . .
Namakan struktur yang berlabel A, B, C dan 0
A: C:
A
8
c
D
-----------------
B: D:
---------------
-----------------
4551/2
[1 mark]
[4 marks]
[2 marks]
For
Examiner's
Use
1(a)
ca
1(b)
[EJ
1(c)
For
Examiner's
Use
1(d)
1(e)
TOTAL
A1
[G
3 4551/2
(d) Give one example of cells which contain abundance of organelle A
Explain your answer.
(e)
Berikan satu contoh set yang mengandungi banyak organel A. Terangkan
jawapan anda.
[2 marks]
Explain what would happen to the production of insulin, if structure C is absent in
the cell of pancreas?
Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku kepada penghasi/an insulin, sekiranya
struktur C tiada da/am se/ pancreas ?
[3 marks]
2
(a)
(b)
4 4551/2
Diagram 2 (a) shows two individuals, P and Q, in two different situations. P is in a
vigorous activity while Q is at rest. Processes of R and S occur in a human
muscle cell.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua individu, P dan Q, dalam dua situasi yang berbeza. P
sedang melakukan satu aktiviti cergas manaka/a Q berada da/am keadaan rahat.
Proses R dan S berlaku dalam satu set otot manusia.
Individual P
lndividu P
Process R
Proses R
Diagram 2(a) I Rajah 2(a)
Based on diagram 2(a), name the processes Rand S.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2, namakan proses R dan S.
Process I Proses R:
Process /Proses S:
Write the equation of process S
Tuliskan persamaan bagi proses S
Process S
Proses S
Individual Q
Jndividu Q
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
For
Examiner's
Use
2(a)
[G
2(b)
ill
For
xaminar's
Usa
2(c)
[[]
2(d)(i)
[E
2(d)(ii)
(c)
(d)
(i)
(ii)
5
Explain two differences between process Rand process S.
Terangkan perbezaan diantara proses R dan proses S.
4551/2
[2 marks]
Diagram 2(b)(i) shows fish respiratory structure and diagram 2 (b)(ii) shows
mammal respiratory structure.
Rajah 2(b)(i) menunjukkan struktur pemafasan ikan dan rajah 2(b)(ii)
menunjukkan struktur pernafasan mamalia
What is X?
ApakahX?
Diagram 2 (b)(i)
X
Diagram 2(b )(ii)
[1 mark]
State two characteristics of X, which makes it a good respiratory structure for fish.
Nyatakan dua cirri-ciri struktur X, yang menjadikan ia struktur pernafasan yang
baik bagi ikan.
[2 marks]
(iii)
3
(a)
6 4551/2
Explain three adaptations for structures shows in diagram 2 (b)(ii) to carry out its
function efficiently.
Terangkan tiga adaptasi yang terdapat pada struktur yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah
2(b)(ii) da/am menjalankan fungsinya dengan berkesan.
Diagram 3(a) shows a stage of meiosis
Rajah 3(a) menunjukkan suatu peringkat dalam meiosis
Diagram 3(a)
Rajah 3(a)
What is the importance of meiosis process?
Apakah kepentingan proses meiosis?
[3 marks]
~ ~ ~ .....
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
For
Examiner's
Use
2(d)(iii)
[G
TOTAL
A2
[G
3(a)
[E
3(b)
[E
For
Examiner's
#gr(i)
[]
3(c)(i i)
[G
3(d)
[[]
7
State the phases of meiosis as shown in Diagram 3(a)
c (i) Nyatakan fasa meiosis yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3(a)
(ii) Name and describe the important process occur in the diagram 3(a)
Nama dan huraikan proses penting yang berlaku dalam Rajah 3(a)
4551/2
[ 1 mark 1
[ 3 mark 1
(d)
For an animal cell where 2n=4, draw the cell to show the metaphase I in meiosis.
Suatu set haiwan yang, 2n=4, lukiskan set tersebut pada peringkat metafasa I
dalam meiosis.
[ 2 marks]
fo the events during metaphase I which contribute to variation in organism
r , peristiwa semasa metafasa I yang menyumbang kepada variasi dalam

" ; 1
[ 2 marks 1
(f)
(4)
8 4551/2
Uncontrolled meiosis leads to gametes produced with an abnormal number of
chromosomes. Name two diseases caused by uncontrolled meiosis
Meiosis tidak terkawal menyebabkan penghasilan garnet yang mempunyai
bilangan kromosom yang tidak normal. Nama dua jenis penyakit yang disebabkan
o/eh proses meiosis tidak terkawal.
[ 2 marks]
Diagram 4 shows a part of the circulatory system in human.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu bahagian sistem peredaran dalam manusia
To heart
From heart
DIAGRAM 4.1
[1 mark]
For
Examiner's
Use
3(f)
ill
TOTAL
A3
[G
4(a)
ca
For
Examiner's
Use
4(u)
ill
4(c)
ill
4(d)
[G
4(d)
9 4551/2
(b) Explain why is important for P to have thick wall.
Terangkan mengapa penting bagi P untuk mempunyai dinding yang tebal
[2 marks]
(c) Explain how nearby muscle at Q prevent the back flow of blood.
(d)
(e)
Terangkan bagaimana otot berdekatan Q menghalang a/iran berbalik darah.
[ 2 marks]
Explain how the structure of capillaries allow substances to pass from them to
the surrounding efficiently.
Terangkan bagaimana struktur kapilari membenarkan bahan-bahan di dalamnya
melaluinya untuk ke /uar persekitaran dengan cekap.
[ 3 marks]
Our normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. Explain what is the measurement
represent?
Tekanan darah normal ada/ah 120180 mmHg. Terangkan apakah yang diwakili
o/eh ukuran tersebut?
[ 4 marks]
(5)
10
4551/2
Diagram 5 shows the changes of four types of hormone which control tht3
menstrual cycle and follicle development in the ovaries.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan perubahan empat jenis harmon yang mengawal kitar haid
dan perkembangan fa/ike/ dalam ovari.
Pituitary hormone cycle
Sex hormone cycle
I
IR
Follicle development 0
~ ~ @
I I 0
I I I II I I I
1 I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
Day 1 7
14 21 28
(a) Based on Diagram 5 name the hormone labeled P and R.
(b)
(c)
Berdasarkan Rajah 5, namakan harmon yang berlabel P and R.
P: ______________________________________ __
R: ______________________________________ __
Complete the follicle development in boxes M and N in the Diagram 5.
Lengkapkan perkembangan fa/ike/ dalam petak M dan K pada Rajah 5.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[3 marks]
For
Examiner's
Use
S(a)
[G
S(b)
[]
S(c)
[G
II
(d) If fertilization occurred, the level of hormones S is maintained and the
pregnancy is proceed. Explain the importance of hormoneS.
4551/2
Jika persenyawaan telah berlaku, aras hormone S dikeka/kan dan kehamilan
terus berlaku. Terangkan kepentingan harmon S
[3 marks]
(e) If the sperm counts of a husband are too low, artificial insemination can be carried
out to overcome this infertility problem. Discuss the appropriate technique should
be used.
Jika jum/ah sperma suami terla/u rendah, teknik permanian beradas bo/eh
digunakan untuk mengatasi masa/ah ketidaksuburan ini. Bincangkan teknik yang
sesuai digunakan.
[2 marks]
For
Examiner's
Use
5(d)
[B
5(e)
[]
TOTAL
A4
[G
12
Section B
Sahagian B
[40 marks]
{40 markah}
Answer any two questions from this section.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini
6. Diagram 6(a) shows human kidney.
Rajah 6(a) menunjukkan ginjal manusia
Kidney
Ginjal
Ureter
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Pundi kencing
Diagram 6(a)
Rajah 6(a) .
4551/2
a) Describe the role of hormone in regulation of blood osmotic pressure by kidney
Terangkan peranan harmon dalam mengawalatur tekanan osmotik darah oleh
ginjal
[1 0 marks]
[10 markah]
13 4551/2
b) Diagram 6(b) shows the direction of growth of the plumule and the radicle
of a seedling which is placed in a horizontal position during germination.
Rajah 6(b) menunjukkan arah pertumbuhan plumul dan radike/ biji benih
yang diletakkan secara mendatar semasa percambahan.
Plumule
X Phtmtd
t
S.:ed ----'
Biji bcnilr
Diagram 6(b)
Rajah 6(b)
Radicle
Radikel
y
i) State the type of response of the plumule and the radicle. Explain
the importance of the responses to the plant.
Nyatakan jenis gerakba/as oleh p/umul dan radikel. Terangkan
kepentingan gerakbalas tersebut kepada tumbuhan.
[4marks]
[4 markah]
ii) Base on diagram 6(b), explain why the plumule grows towards
direction X and the radicle grows towards direction Y.
Merujuk kepada rajah 6(b), huraikan mengapa plumul tumbuh ke
arah X dan radikel tumbuh ke arah Y.
(6marks]
{6 markah]
14
4551/2
7. Diagram 7(a) shows mangrove plants colonise muddy river banks which later
develop into a mangrove swamp forest.
Rajah 7(a) menunjukkan tumbuhan paya bakau mengkoloni tebing berlumpur
sungai yang akhirnya berkembang menjadi hutan paya bakau.
Diagram 7(a)
Rajah 7(a)
a) Explain how the mangrove species are adapted to overcome the problems
encountered during process of colonisation.
Terangkan bagaimana spesies tumbuhan paya bakau disesuaikan untuk
mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi semasa proses pengkolonian.
[10 marks)
[10 markah]
15 4551/2
(b) The graphs in Diagram 7(b) show a relationship between Paramecium aurelia
and Paramecium caudatum. Graph A- the paramecium species are cultured
separately in a different petri dish. Graph B - both paramecium species are
cultured in the same petri dish.
Graf dalam Rajah 7(b) menunjukkan perhubungan di antara Paramecium aurelia
dan Paramecium caudatum. Graf A - kedua-dua spesies paramecium dikultur
dalam pi ring petri berasingan. Graf B - kedua-dua paramecium dikultur bersama
dalam satu piring petri.
Number
Graph A
GratA
Number
..
Graph B
GrafB
500
400
300
1-c--
!
1-- 1- -+- i- - . 1-t--- .
-r-t- ... tt-.:1-' _,... t
240 -,--
+-T -
1- r- -r-- - --
. -r-t- -. -+-
t-t- 1- -- r--r- -:+' - t--t--lJ

b'

"t-
-
- ,.t.. --r-r-t-- r- I
i- 1-- . I ... f-- 1--
I

r- - t-- 1- t- 1-
L'
r- --t- r--
- r-- t- . r-
t-
160
200
.. .. I-
I-
I
1-r-t-
1--t--
t
r-
- - 1- 1--1-- tum- r-- 1-
J' .
t- t-
j-_t
v
1-

i I
eo
I- t- ---r-
1-
r-- 1-- /-
r-t - -
FF
t- -
-
-
t-t-

t-t- t- --
J-
1-- +- t-
,
.l
..J. I'
f
p,
rtx rat
1-
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Day
Diagram 7(b)
Rajah 7(b)
Identify the type of relationship between the two species of paramecium and
explain the graphs.
Kenalpasti jenis perhubungan di antara dua spesis paramecium dan terangkan
kedua-dua graf.
[1 0 marks]
[10 markah]
16
4551/2
8. Diagram 8(a) and diagram 8(b) show parts of human digestive system.
Rajah 8(a) dan rajah 8(b) menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem pencernaan
manusia.
y
Diagram 8(a)
Rajah 8(a)
Diagram 8(b)
Rajah 8(b)
a) By referring to diagram 8(a) and diagram 8(b) , explain the characteristics of
structure X and structure Y as a major site of nutrient absorption in human
digestive system.
Dengan merujuk kepada rajah 8(a) dan rajah 8(b), huraikan ciri-ciri yang
terdapat pada struktur X dan struktur Y sebagai bahagian utama da/am
penyerapan nutrien dalam sistem pencernaan manusia.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
Helmie takes fried chicken at lunch. Explain the absorption and assimilation
process of lipid content in the fried chicken.
1';.:7 mengambil ayam goreng semasa makan tengah hari. Huraikan
r.: _ :-, proses penyerapan dan asimilasi lemak yang terkandung dalam ayam
}\ (.> !;.,p
. , ;_, goreng tersebut.
Oi}'-- .-- ..., ;y
"< O{ [8 marks]
[8 markah]
17 4551/2
(c) Table 1 shows the results of an analysis on a snack food such as fried chicken
nugget.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan ana/isis makanan ringan seperti nuget ayam
goreng.
Content Mass for 100g offried chicken nugget (g)
Kandungan Jisim bagi 100g nugget ayam goreng (g)
Carbohydrate
10.5
Karbohidrat
Protein
20.1
Protein
Lipid
25.3
Lemak
Fibre
2.5
Serat
Sodium chloride
0.7
Natrium klorida
A teenage boy aged 13 eats 500g this snack food every week.
Is the snack food suitable as a daily diet for the boy? Describe the effects of taking
this snack food over a long period.
Seorang remaja /elaki berusia 13 tahun makan 500g makanan ringan tersebut
setiap minggu.
Adakah makanan ringan tersebut sesuai diambil sebagai diet harian remaja
tersebut? Terangkan kesan pengambilan makanan ringan tersebut da/am jangka
masa yang lama.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
18
4551/2
9. (a) Diagram 9(a) shows a human activity on a forest in a developing country ..
Rajah 9(a) menunjukkan suatu akctiviti manusia ke atas sebuah hutan di sebuah
negara membangun.
Diagram 9(a)
Rajah 9(a)
Discuss the effects of the activity to the environment.
Bincangkan kesan aktiviti tersebut kepada a/am sekitar
[10 marks]
{10 markah}
19 4551/2
b) Diagram 9(b) shows evidences of development, urbanization and industrial
practices. It is needed to develop the rises of human population
Rajah 9(b) menunjukkan bukti-bukti pembangunan , urbanisasi dan
aktiviti-aktiviti perki/angan. Ia merupakan keperluan apabila populasi manusia
meningkat.
Diagram 9(b)
Rajah 9(b)
Justify the effects of unplanned development into the ecosystem.
Justifikasikan kesan pembangunan yang tidak terancang terhadap ekosistem.
END OF QUESTION PAPER
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
4551/3
4551/3
BIOLOGY
Kertas 3
Sept 2012
1 %JAM
NAMA: .......................... .... ..... ... .... ... .
TINGKATAN: ..... ...... .. ....... .. ... .... ... .. .
NEGERI PAHANG
BIOLOGY
Tingkatan 5
Kertas 3
Satu jam tiga puluh min it
1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua
soalan. Jawab semua soalan.
2. Tulis jawapan anda dalam ruangan
yang disediakan.
3. Anda hendaklah menyerahkan kertas tul is
dan kertas graf tambahan , jika digunakan
bersama-sama dengan kertas soalan.
4. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak
boleh diprogramkan adalah dibenarkan.
5. Calon dikehendaki membaca arahan di
Soalan
Markah Markah
penuh diperolehi
1 33
2 17
Jumlah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 11 halaman bercetak
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang [Lihat halaman sebelah]
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
MAKLUMAN UNTUK CALON
1. This question paper consists of two question: Question 1 and Question 2
Kertas sua/an ini mengandungi dua soalan. Soa/an 1 dan Soalan 2
4551 /3
2. Answer all questions. Write your answer for Question 1 in the spaces provided in this
question paper.
Jawab semua soalan. Jawapan anda bagi Soa/an 1 hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yang
disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.
Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
4. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated .
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
5. The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam
kurungan.
6. If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Than write
down the new answer.
Jika anda hendak menukarjawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian
tuffs jawapan yang baru
7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.
Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.
8. You are advised to spend 45 minutes to answer Question 1 and 45 minutes for
Question 2.
Anda dinasihatkan supaya mengambil masa 45 minit untuk menjawab Soalan 1 dan 45
minit untuk menjawab Soalan 2
Score
!
Descrption
3 Excellent : The best response
2 Satisfactory: An average response
.
1 Weak: An inaccurate response
0 No response or wrong response
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang 2 [Lihat halaman sebclah]
Answer all questions.
Jawab semua soalan.
4551 /3
1. An experiment to study osmoregulation in human was carried out by relating the volume of
water intake to the volume of urine produced. Four groups of students which are group P,
group Q, group R and group S were given different volume of plain water to drink. After one
hour, each student in the group urinated and collected their urine in a measuring cylinder.
The volume of urine produced is recorded in Table 1.
Satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pengosmokawalaturan dalam manusia telah dijalankan
dengan mengaitkan isipadu air yang diminum dengan isipadu air kencing yang dihasilkan.
Empat kumpulan murid iaitu kumpulan P, kumpulan Q. kumpu/an R dan kumpulan S telah
diberi air kosong yang berbeza isi padu untuk diminum. Selepas satu jam, setiap murid
dalam kumpulan membuang air kecil dan mengumpulkan air kencing mereka di dalam
silinder penyukat.
lsipadu air kencing yang dihasi/kan direkodkan dalam jadua/1.
GrouR
Kumpulan
p
Vol ume of
wate-r intake.
ml
lsipadu r:Nr
yang
dir:mnum mJ
100
Volume of urine pradLJCed, ml
lsipadu a;, kerJcing yang dU'Iasilkan, mi
Student 1
Pelajar 1
Student2
PeJajar2
DO
Average
Purata
3 [Lihat halaman sebelah]
Q 200
R
s
DCJ
DD
DD
Table 1
Jadua/1
4551/3
@ 2012 Hak Cipta MPSM Pahang 4 [Lihat halaman sebelah]
(a) Record the volume of the urine produced by each student in group P, 0 , Rand
S and the average volume of the urine in the spaces provided in Table 1.
Rekod isipadu air kencing yang dihasilkan oleh setiap murid dalam kumpulanP,
Q, R and S serta isipadu purata air kencing di dalam ruang yang disediakan
di Jadua/1
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) (i) Based on Table 1, state two different observations that can be made in this
experiment.
Berdasarkan Jadua/1, nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang berbeza yang boleh
dibuat dalam eksperimen ini.
Observation 1:
Pemerhatian 1.
Observation 2
Pemerhatian 2.
(ii) State the inference which corresponds to each observation in (b) (i).
Nyatakan inferens yang sepadan dengan pemerhatian yang di (b)(i) .
Inference for observation 1:
lnferens untuk pemerhatian 1.
?. . caJor observation 2:
0, ' .
[3 marks]
{3 markah}
. 2:
.... .. .. ......... ... .... .... .. ........ ... .... ... ............ ...... .... .................. ........... ..... .. .. ... ...... ...... ......... . : ... .
........ .. ... ....... .. ...... .. ...... ........ ... ... ... .... .. ... ... .... ... .. .. .......... .... ... ..... ........ ..... ..... ... ... .. ......... .
. '
[3 marks]
Jgg.:-"'"" [3 markah]
4551 /3
For
Examiner's
use
I (a)
CJ
I (b)(i)
CJ
l (b)(ii)
CJ
For
Examiner's
use
l(c)
4551/3
(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment
Lengkapkan Jadua/ 2 berdasarkan eksperimen inio
r-0- -
I
Variables
Pembolehubah
Manipulated variable
Pembolehubah dimanipulasi
Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakba/as
Constant variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan
Method to handle the variable
Cara mengendalikan pembolehubah
D
Table 2
Jadua/2
[3 marks]
[ 3 markah]
hipotesis bagi eksperimen inio
oo o ooo o o o o O OO OoOOo O o OOOOo O OOooOOooo o o ooo o oo o o oo O oooOOoOOoOOOO O O o o o o oo o o oo o o o O o
,.----+t-:':1 _ +. t._. .
-:;; ., ;;- 0 0 0 .. . . o oo o O o o o O o O o o O OO O ooooo o oo o oo o o oo O o Oo O Ooooo o o o o oo 0000 O O O
\;}
\. . . . . . 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0
>- [3 marks]
[ 3 markah ]
4551 / 3
(e) (i) Construct a table and record the data collected in this experiment.
Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan semua data yang dikumpul dalam eksperimen ini.
Your table should contain the following titles:
Jadual anda hendaklah mengandungi tajuk-tajuk berikut:
Volume of water intake
lsipadu air yang diminum
Volume of urine produced by each student
lsipadu air kencing yang dihasilkan o/eh setiap pelajar
Average volume of urine produced
Purata isipadu air kencing yang dihasilkan
[3 marks]
{ 3 markah}
[Lihat halaman sebelah]
For
Examiner's
use
I (e)(i)
c
For
Eaminers
use
I (e)(ii)
D
I (f)
D
I (g)
4551/3
(ii) Use the graph paper provided to answer this part of question.
(f)
Using the data in 1 (e)(i) , draw the graph of average volume of urine produced
against the volume of water intake.
Gunakan kertas graf yang disediakan untuk menjawab soalan
bahagian ini.Menggunakan data 1 (e)(i), /ukiskan graf isipadu air kencing yang
dihasilkan melawan isipadu air yang diminum.
[3 marks)
[ 3 markah 1
Based on the graph in 1 (e) (ii) , explain the relationship between the volume of
water intake to the average volume of urine produced.
Berdasarkan graf di 1 (e)(ii) , terangkan perhubungan antara isipadu air yang
diminum dengan purata isipadu air kencing yang dihasi/kan.
[3 marks]
[ 3 markah 1
(g) Another group of student is given 100 ml of plain water which is added with 1 Og
of table salt .
Predict the average volume of urine produced after one hour.
Explain your prediction.
Sekumpulan pelajar lain telah diberi 100m/ air kosong yang dicampurkan dengan
10g garam .Ramalkan purata isipadu air kencing yang dihasilkan selepas satu jam.
Terangkan ramalan anda.
[3 marks)
[ 3 markah 1
@ 2012 Hak C ipta M PSM Pahang 8 [Lihat halaman sebelah]
4551/3
(h) Based on the results from the experiment, what can be deduced about osmoregulation? Far
Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini, apakah yang dapat dirumuskan tentang
pengosmokawalaturan?
(3 marks]
{ 3 markah 1
(i) The following is a list of materials and apparatus used in another experiment to
study osmoregulation.
Berikut ialah senarai bahan dan radas yang digunakan dalam satu eksperimen
yang lain bagi mengkaji pengosmokawalaturan.
Cup, Beaker, Measuring cylinder, Student, Stopwatch, Mineral water
Cmvan. Bikar. Silinder penyukat. Pelajar-pelajar . .lam randik, Air mineral
Classify the apparatus and materials into their respective variables in Table 3.
Kelaskan bahan dan radas tersebut kepada pembolehubah-pembolehubah yang
sewajarnya di da/am jadua/ 3.
Manipulated
Variable
Pembolehubah
Dimanipu/asi
Responding
Variable
Pembo/ehubah
bergerak balas
Fixed
variable
Pembolehubah
dimalarkan
Apparatus/Material f----------t----------+-----------1
Radas/Bahan
--
Table 3
Jadua/3
(3 marks]
{ 3 markah 1
[Lihat halaman sebelah]
Examiner's
vse
l(h)
D
I ( i)
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4551/3
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10 [Lihat halaman sebelah]
4551 /3
QUESTION 2
A housewife made fruit pickles using unripe mango. During the preparation, she placed
the mango sl ices in water and later placed them in sugar solution.
Seorang suri rumah telah membuat jeruk buah menggunakan mangga muda. Semasa
menyediakan jeruk tersebut, suri rumah itu telah merendam potongan buah mangga
da/am air dan kemudian potongan buah mangga itu direndam pula dalam /arutan gula.
When the mango slices were in water, it was found that, the slices became turgid and
their sizes increased. But when they were placed in the sugar solution, the slices
became soft and shrunken.
Semasa potongan mangga itu direndam dalam air, di dapati potongan mangga itu
menjadi segah dan saiznya bertambah. Tetapi apabila potongan mangga itu direndam
dalam larutan gula, ia menjadi lembik dan mengecut.
Based on the above situation, plan a laboratory experiment to determine the
concentration of sucrose solution which is isotonic to the cell sap of the mango.
Berdasarkan situasi di atas, rancang satu eksperimen di dalam makmal untuk
menentukan kepekatan larutan sukrosa yang isotonik terhadap sap se/ mangga itu.
The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:
Perancangan kerja eksperimen anda perlu meliputi aspek-aspek berikut.'
Problem statement I Pernyataan masa/ah
Hypothesis I Hipotesis
Variables I Pembo/ehubah
List of apparatus and materials I Senarai a/at radas dan bahan

END OF QUESTION PAPER
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
II
[17 marks)
[17 markah]
MAJ LIS PENGETUA SEKOLAH MALAYSIA
NEGERI PAHANG
J AWAPAN BIOLOGI KERTAS 1

NO. J AWAPAN NO. J AWAPAN
1. B 26. C
2. B 27. B
3. A 28. A
4. D 29. C
5. B 30. C
6. D 31. A
7. C 32. D
8. A 33. A
9. C 34. A
10. B 35. C
11. B 36. A
12. A 37. B
13. C 38. A
14. B 39. C
15. D 40. B
16. C 41. D
17. C 42. B
18. C 43. C
19. A 44. B
20. C 45. B
21. C 46. A
22. C 47. A
23. C 48. B
24. D 49. D
25. D 50. A
4551/2
Percubaan SPM
Biology
Kertas 2
2 jam

BIOLOGI
KERTAS 2
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN

UNTUK KEGUNAAN PEMERIKSA SAHAJA

SOALAN MARKAH
a) Animal cell

1 1
b) A: Mitochondrion
B: Vacuole//Lysosome
C: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
D: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

1
1
1
1
4
c) A: Generate/Produce energy // Site for cellular respiration
D: Synthesis of lipid

1
1
2
d) Muscle cell
For contraction of muscle
OR
Sperm
To swim toward ovum for fertilization

1
1

1
1
2
e) P1: Synthesized protein cannot be transport to Golgi
apparatus
P2: Therefore protein cannot be modify into insulin
P3 : Insulin will not be produced

1

1
1
3
1
JUMLAH 12

a) Process R : Anaerobic respiration
Process S : Aerobic respiration

1
1
2
b) Reactant : Glucose +Oxygen
Product: Carbon dioxide +water +2898kJ
1
1
2
c) R S
D1 Absent of oxygen Present of oxygen
D2 Glucose is partially
oxidized
Glucose is completely
oxidized
D3 Produce lactic acid Do not produce lactic acid
D4 Produce less
energy/150kJ /2ATP
Produce more
energy/2898kJ /36ATP
Any two D

1

1

1
1
2
d) i) gills 1 1
ii)
P1 : have lamella and filament to increase total surface area
P2: numerous blood capillaries for efficient transport of
respiratory gases

1
1

2
iii)
P1 : thin membrane/one cell thick for easily diffusion of respiratory
gases
P2 : moist surface for respiratory gases easily dissolve
P3 : numerous blood capillaries for efficient transport of respiratory
gases

1

1

1
3
2
JUMLAH 12
3 a) To produce gamete 1 1
b) Anther // Ovary 1 1
c) i) Prophase I 1 1
ii) F: Crossing over
P1: Exchange of segment of DNA between non sister chromatid
P2: to produce variation in gametes

3

3
d)

2 2
e) F: Independent assortment
P1:homologous chromosomes pairing up randomly and produce
new genetic combination during Metaphase 1

1
1
2
f) Downs Syndrom
Klinefelters Syndrom
Turners Syndrom
1
1
1

2

a) Blood pressure increase

1 1
b) F : withstand the high pressure of blood
E1: (thick wall) have muscles that can contracts and relax
E2: control blood flow (to cell according to the bodys need)

1
1
1
2
c) F : nearby muscles contract and relax//nearby muscles squeeze the
vein
E: push blood back towards the heart.

1

1
2
d) F1: the walls of capillaries are only one cell thick
E1: substances do not have very far to diffuse through them
E2: increase TSA for diffusion to occur

1
1
1
3
e) F1: 120: refers systolic pressure
E1: (peak of pressure) that contracting ventricles
F2: 80 refers to diastolic pressure
E2: (the lowest arteriole blood pressure)when ventricles are relaxing

1
1
1
1
4
4
JUMLAH 12
a) P : LH / Luteinising hormone
R : Oestrogen

1
1
2
b)

2

2
c) P1: After ovulation, M / corpus luteum secretes S / progesterone
P2: the level of S/ progesterone increases to maintain the thickness of
the endometrium.
P3: When the M / corpus luteum degenerates, the level of S/
progesterone decreases, the endometrium begin to disintegrates
1
1

1

3
d) P1: To inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH from pituitary gland
P2: No development of follicle / secondary oocyte
P3: Then the secretion of oestrogen is reduced
P4: Repair/ rejuvenation of endometrium is not happened
P5: Hence no new early embryo develops.
1
1
1
1
1

3

5
e) P1: The sperms are collected from the husband / taken from sperm
banks.
P2: And inserted directly into the Fallopian tube of the wife during
ovulation phase.

1
1

2
JUMLAH 12
Item Criteria Marks
6(a) Able to explain the role of hormone in regulation of blood osmotic pressure

When someone takes more salt in his/her meal;
1. Increase in blood osmotic pressure is detected by the receptor
2. Receptor triggers impulse
3. and the impulse are sent to pituitary gland
4. Pituitary gland secretes ADH into the blood stream
5. ADH stimulates the wall of distal convoluted tubule and collecting
duct to become more permeable to water
6. Water will be reabsorbed into the blood stream
7. Blood osmotic pressure decreases back to normal

When blood osmotic pressure of a person decrease;
8. When he/her drink too much
9. Adrenal gland at kidney will be stimulate to secrete aldosterone
10. Aldosterone will increase the permeability of distal convoluted
tubule and collecting duct to become more permeable to salt
11. Salt will be absorbed into the blood stream
12. Blood osmotic pressure increases back to normal

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1

1
1
1
Any
10

Max
10
6(b)i Able to state the type of response and its importance to the plant

Plumule : Positive Phototropism // Negative Geotropism
Importance : Enable plant to get maximum sunlight for photosynthesis

Radicle : Positive Geotropism // Negative Phototropism
Importance : Enable roots to get/absorb water for photosynthesis

1
1

1
1

4
6(b)ii Able to explain the direction of growth in plumule and radicle.

Plumule
1. Auxin stimulates/promote cell elongation at the shoot tip
2. More auxin is distributed at the darker/lower side of the shoot
compare to the bright/upper side
3. So at the darker/lower side the rate of cell elongation is higher than
the bright /upper side
4. The shoot grows/bend towards light/away from the gravity

Radicle
5. High concentration of auxin inhibits cell elongation at radical/root tip
6. More auxin is distributed at the lower/darker side of the root
compare to the upper/bright side
7. So at the lower/darker side of the root tip the rate of cell elongation
is slower than the brighter/upper side
8. So the root grows/bends downward toward gravity/ away from light

1

1

1
1

1

1

1
1
Any 6

6

Total marks 20
Item Criteria Marks
7(a) Problems faced by mangrove
plants
(Fact)
Adaptive characteristics of mangrove
plants
(Explanation)

1

Soft muddy soil/substrate
Highly branched root system to
support themselves.
Eg. Avicennia have
long/underground/horizontals
cable/ roots

1

1

2

2

Waterlogged conditions of the
soil/ Very little oxygen for root
respiration
(Avicennia) have breathing roots
/pneumatophores /Gaseous
exchange occurs through pores/
lenticels.

2

2

3

The high content of salt/salinity
makes the water in the soil
hypertonic compared to the cell
sap of the root cells/ Water
diffuse out from plant/ the root
cells by osmosis// dehydration

Cell sap of (the root) cells are
hypertonic compared to the soil
water
The root does not lose water but
seawater enters the root cells
instead/ Excess salt in the plant
is eliminated by the salt glands

1

1

2

4

Excessive exposure to sunlight/
intense heat// High rate of
transpiration.
The leaves (of mangrove trees)
have a thick cuticle/ sunken
stomata to reduce transpiration/
the leaves are thick /succulent to
store water.

2

2

5

High mortality rate//low survival
rate of seedlings
Have viviparous seedling // the
seeds are able to germinate while
still attached to the mother plant.

2

2

10

One fact and one explanation = 2 marks
7b Able to Identify the type of competition and explain the graph curves

Graph A
Intraspecific competition
Competition between the same species of Paramecium
Competing for the same niche, food /nutrient/space
A t the end of experiment the population of Paramecium aurelia is
higher compared to the population of Paramecium caudatum
Showing that P. aurelia are more adapted to the environment

1
1
1

1
1

Any 5

5


Item Criteria Marks
8(a) Able to explain the characteristics of structure X an Y.

Structure X
F1: Being almost 6 meter long
E1: For maximum absorbtion of nutrient

F2: Highly folded
E2: To increase the rate of nutrient absorption

F3: Having finger like projections called villi over its surface
E3: To increase total surface area for eccicient absorption

Structure Y
F4: Have microvilli
E4: To increase the surface area for absorption

F5: Have thin walls : one cell thick
E5: So that digested food can be absorb rapidly

F6: Have rich supply of blood capillary
E6: To transport glucose, amino acid and water soluble vitamin
efficiently
F7: Have lacteals
E7: To absorb fatty acid and glycerol/water soluble vitamin efficiently

F+E =1 mark
Any 6 F+E

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Max
6

Graph B
Interspecific competition
Competition between different species of Paramecium
Competing for the same niche, nutrient, space
At the end of the experiment, the population of P aurelia increase
whereas P caudatum decreases.
Showing that P aurelia are more adaptable/stronger compared to
P caudatum

1
1
1

1

1

Any 5

5

Total marks 20
8(b) Able to explain the absorption and assimilation of lipids.

Absorption

1. Digestion of lipid produce fatty acid and glycerol
2. Absorption of lipid occur at ileum
3. At ileum there are villi which have lacteal
4. Fatty acid and glycerol are absorbed into lacteal
5. In the lacteal condensation of fatty acid and glycerol forms lipid
6. The lipids then transported via the subclavian vein into the blood
stream

Assimilation
7. In the cells lipid is use as a main component of plasma membrane
8. Lipid also is use as a main component of some hormone and
vitamins
9. Excess lipid will be stored underneath the skin as adipose tissue

1
1
1
1
1

1

1

1
1

Any 8

Max
8
8(c) Able to describe the effects of taking snack food over a long time.

F: Not suitable.
P1: The snack contains high fat and protein
P2: The intake of high fat regularly may lead to obesity
P3: Saturated fat in the snack may deposited in the wall of artery
P4: The narrow lumen of artery leads to arteriosclerosis
P5: Soon the teenager faces high blood pressures
P6: If arteriosclerosis occurs at coronary artery the teenager may have
heart attack
P7: Excessive intake of protein may cause kidney problem
P8: The snack contains lack of fiber
P9: This may lead to constipation

F +5 P

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

Max
6
Total marks 20

Item Criteria Marks
9(a)

Able to discuss the effects of the activity to the environment.
1. The diagram shows human activity which are deforestation
2. Deforestation is the main cause for increasing CO2 amount in air
3. This lead to greenhouse effect phenomenon
4. Forest play an important role as carbon sink of the earth which
absorb vast amount of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
5. Greenhouse effect phenomenon promotes global warming.
6. As the temperature of world is increasing, severe climatic
change/drought occur in certain country/melting of ice at
Artic/Antartic
7. Forest also act as water catchments area where rain water is
absorbed and released back as water vapour to the atmosphere
8. Deforestation will cause soil erosion, because there are no more
root to hold the soil.
9. Deforestation damage the water catchment area and leads to flash
flood
10. Landslides occur at slope area when there are no more root to hold
the ground
11. Deforestation also cause loss of biodiversity by
12. destruction of natural habitat
13. that leads to extinction of many animal and species
14. There also destruction of recreational sites
Any 10

1
1
1

1
1

1

1

1

1

1
1
1
1
1

10
(b) Able to justify the effects of unplanned development.
F1 : Industries / factories / vehicle contribute to air pollution
P1 : smoke / fine solid particles can cause respiratory problem
P2 : oxides of nitrogen / sulphur dioxide dissolve in rain to produce acid
rain
P3 : (acid rain) causing the soil become acidic / unsuitable for cultivation of
crops / leaching of mineral / corrosion of metal
P4 : Increase Carbon dioxide in atmosphere causes the greenhouse effect
/ global warming
F2 : Industrial / domestic / agricultural activities produce waste to
contribute water pollution
P5 : Agrochemical / pesticides / insecticides used by farmer flow into the
river / lead to the poisoning of aquatic organism
P6 : Agricultural run-offs contain excess nitrates / phosphates lead to
eutrophication
P7 : (eutrophication) causes the BOD value will increase thus may harm
the aquatic organisms
P8 : Effluents from electronics factories contain heavy metals / mercury /
cadmium kill the aquatic organism / disturb food chain
F3 : Discharged of hot water from industries / glass building cause
thermal pollution
P9 : Increase the water temperature in the river causing died aquatic
organisms / increase the atmosphere temperature
Any 3 F and any 7 P

1
1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

10
Total marks 20
4551/3
Percubaan SPM
Biology
Kertas 3
1 jam

BIOLOGI
KERTAS 3
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN

UNTUK KEGUNAAN PEMERIKSA SAHAJA

Questions

Marking Criteria Score
Able to record all 12 data for the volume of urine produced and the
average volume of urine produced correctly.

Sample answers:

Volume of urine produced,
ml
Group Volume of water
intake, ml
Student 1 Student 2
Average volume
of urine
produced, ml
P 100 80 80 80
Q 200 134 136 135
R 300 205 207 206
S 400 303 305 304

3
Able to record 8 - 11 data correctly

2
Able to record 4 7 data correctly

1
1 (a)
Able to record only 0 - 3 data or not able to respond / wrong response.

0
Able to state two different observations correctly based on two criteria:
C1- Volume of water intake
C2 Volume of urine produced // Average volume of urine produced

Sample answers:
1. When the volume of water intake is 100 ml /200 ml /300 ml /400m,
the average volume of urine produced is 80ml / 135 ml / 206 ml
/304 ml.
2. When the volume of water intake is 100 ml /200 ml /300 ml /400ml ,
the volume of urine produced is 80 / 134 ml / 136 ml / 205 ml /
207ml / 303 ml / 305ml.
3. The average volume of urine produced in Group P is lower /
smaller than that in Group Q / R / S // The average volume of
urine produced in Group S is higher than that in Group P / Q / R.

3
(b)(i)

Able to state one correct observation and one inaccurate observation .

Sample answer ( inaccurate ):
1. When the volume of water intake is 100 ml /200 ml /300 ml /400ml,
the average volume of urine produced is the least / less / high / the
highest.

2
Able to state only one correct observation or two observation at idea
level.

Sample answer ( idea level ):
1. The volume / average volume of urine produced is different.
2. The volume of water intake affects the (average) volume of urine
Produced.

1

No response or incorrect response or two inaccurate observation
or one idea only.

0
Able to make two accurate inferences based on two criteria:
C1 more / less (amount) of water reabsorbed
C2 higher / lower osmotic pressure // permeability of kidney / tubule to
water increases / decreases // more / less ADH / aldosterone
secreted tokidney tubule

Sample answer:
( For observation 1 and 2 in sample answers )
1. More/high/much/ (amount) of water reabsorbed due to high osmotic
pressure // vice versa
( For observation 3 in sample answers )
2.More / higher (amount) of water reabsorbed due to higher osmotic
pressure in water intake of Group P compared to Group Q/R/S.

3
Able to state one correct inference and one inaccurate inference or
able to state two inaccurate inferences.

Sample answer ( inaccurate ):
1. More/high/much/ (amount) of water reabsorbed // inversely.
2. Higher / high / lower / low osmotic pressure.
3. Less / more ADH is secreted to the kidney tubule.

2
Able to state one correct inference or two inferences at idea level.

Sample answer for idea level:
1. ADH is secreted.
2. Salt reabsorbed.
3. Water reabsorbed.

1
(b)(ii)
No response or inaccurate respons.

0


(c) Able to state all 3 variables and methods to handle each variable
correctly.

Variables

Method to handle the variable

Manipulated variable

Volume of water intake

(The students) drink different volume of
(plain) water intake// Change the volume
of water (from 100 ml to 200 ml and 400
ml)

Responding variable

Volume of urine produce
(after one hour)//
average volume of urine
produce

Measure and record the volume of urine
produced by using a measuring
cylinder.//
Calculate the (average) volume of urine
produced by using formula:

Volume of urine produced by student 1 +
student 2
2

Constant variable

Number of students in
each group // Time taken
to collect/measure/record
the urine//type of water

Fix the number of student // Fix the time
taken taken (to collect/measure/record the
urine) at one hour/ use only plain water.

3

Able to state 4 5 ticks

2
Able to state 2 3 ticks

1

No response or incorrect respons or 1 tick only

0
Able to state the hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and the
responding variable correctly based on three criteria:

P1 : manipulated variable ( Volume of water intake )
P2 : responding variable ( Volume of urine produced)
H : relationship

Sample answer
P1 +P2 +H

1. As the volume of water intake increases, the volume of urine produced
Increase. // vice versa.

3
Able to state a hypothesis based on any two criteria.

Sample answer :
P1 +P2 // P1/P2 +H

1. The volume of urine produced depends on the volume of water
intake.
2. Different group of students has different volume of urine produced.

2
Able to state a hypothesis based on any one criterion or at idea level.

Sample answer
1. Volume of urine produced is different.

1
(d)
No response or incorrect response

0
Able to construct a table correctly with the following aspects:
T : Titles with correct units - 1 mark
D : Data - 1 mark
C : Average volume of urine produced - 1 mark

Sample answer :

Any two correct aspect 2

2
Any one aspect correct 1

1
(e)(i)
No response or incorrect respons

0
Able to draw the graph of average volume of urine produced against
volume of water intake based on the following aspects :

P (paksi) : title of x-axis and y-axis - 1 mark
T (Titik) : four points plotted correctly - 1 mark
B (bentuk) : all points connected smoothly - 1 mark

All three correct aspects

3
Any two correct aspects

2
Any one aspect correct

1
(e)(ii)

0
Able to explain the relationship between the volume of water intake to the
volume of urine produced based on the following criteria.
R1 : Relationship The higher the volume of water intake, the higher
the ( average ) volume of urine produced
R2 : Osmotic pressure decreases
R3 : Less water reabsorbed (from the kidney) // less ADH is produced //
Kidney tubules become less permeable to water

Sample answer :
The higher the volume of water intake, the higher the ( average ) volume of
urine produced because the osmotic pressure decreases. Thus, less water
reabsorbed from the kidney.

3
Able to explain the relationship using any two aspects.

2
Able to explain the relationship using one aspect only.

1
(f)
No response or incorrect response.

0
Able to predict and explain the volume of urine produced based on the
following criteria:

P1 : Prediction volume of urine less than 80 ml // any value less than
80 ml
P2 : Explanation - Osmotic pressure of increases
P3 : More water reabsorbed (from the kidney)

Sample answer
Volume of urine in less than 80 ml // 75 ml
Because the osmotic pressure increases, so more water reabsorbed
(from the kidney)

3
Able to predict and explain the volume of urine produced based on any
two criteria:

2
Able to predict and explain the volume of urine produced based on any
one criteria:

1
(g)

0
(h) Able to define osmoregulation operationally based on the following
criteria.

D1 : A process that causes
D2 : (Average) volume of urine produced by the students / group A,B,C
and D after one hour
D3 : after taking different volume of water // depends on the volume of
water intake // the higher the volume of water intake,
the higher the volume of urine produced.

3

Sample answer :
Osmoregulation is the process that causes the (average) volume of urine
produced by the students / group P,Q,R and S after one hour. The average
volume of urine produced depends on the volume of water intake.

Any two criteria stated 2

2
Any one criteria stated 1

1


0
Able to classify apparatus and materials into their respective variables.

Sample answer.
All 6 corrects

3
1 - 2 wrongs 2
3 - 4 wrongs 1
(i)
5 - 6 wrongs 0

e(i) Sample answer

Average volume of urine , produced, ml
Volume of water intake, ml
QUESTION 2

Aspect Marks Notes on
scoring
KB061201
Problem
statement
Able to state a problem statement relating
manipulated variable to the responding variable
correctly based on criteria:
P1: Manipulated variable ( different concentration
of sucrose solution)
P2: Responding variable ( the mass of mango
tissue )
P3: Relationship in question form ( what is the
effect of? // Does the.. affect ..?)
Sample answers:
1. What is the effect of different concentration
of sucrose solution on the mass of mango
tissue?
2. Does the different concentration of sucrose
solution affect the mass of mango tissue?

3

P1 +P2 +R
Able to state a problem statement inaccurately
based on any two criteria.

Sample answers:
of sucrose solution on the mass of mango
tissue. ( No R )
2. What can affect the mass of mango tissue ?
( No P1)
of sucrose solution on mango tissue?
( No P2)
4. Can sucrose solution affect the mass of
mango tissue? ( No P1)

2

P1 and P2 only
OR
P1/P2 and R
only
Able to state a problem statement based on any
one criteria at idea level.
1. Does sucrose solution affect the mango
tissue? ( No P1 and P2 )
2. Does the mass of mango tissue affected by
sucrose solution. ( No P1 and R )
3. What is the factor that affect the mass of
mango tissue. ( No P1 and R )
4. Does different concentration of sucrose
solution affect the mango tissue.
( No P2 and R)

1

No response / wrong response 0
KB061202
Hypothesis
Able to state a hypothesis by relating the
manipulated variable to the responding variable
P1: Manipulated variable
( concentration of sucrose solution)
P2: Responding variable
( the mass of mango tissue )
P3: Relationship between P1 and P2.
Sample answer:
1. As/When the concentration of sucrose
solution increases/decreases, the mass of
mango tissue decreases/increases.

3

P1 +P2 +R
R:.increase/
decrease..
decrease /
increase
Able to state a hypothesis inaccurately
correctly based on any two criteria:
Sample answers:
1. As/When the concentration of sucrose
solution increase, the mango tissue
decrease ( no P2 )
2. As/When the sucrose solution increase, the
mass of mango tissue decrease.( No P1 )
3. The concentration of sucrose solution
influence/affect the mass of mango tissue.

2

P1 +P2 only
P1/P2 +R only
Able to state a hypothesis at idea level based
on any one criterion:
Sample answers:
1. Sucrose solution influence/affect the mass
of mango tissue.( P2 only )
2. Concentration of sucrose solution
influence/affect the mango tissue.(P1 only)
3. Sucrose solution influence/affect the mango
tissue.( idea)

1

No response / wrong response / R only. 0
KB061203
Variables
Able to state all three variables correctly.
Sample answers:
Manipulated variable:
Concentration of sucrose solution
Responding variable:
The change in mass of the mango tissue
Constant variable:
Initial mass of the mango tissue // volume of
sucrose solution

3

Able to state any two variables correctly 2
Able to state any one variable correctly 1
No response / wrong response 0
KB061204
Apparatus
and
materials
Able to list all the apparatus and materials
correctly.
Apparatus(A) : Petri dish, electronic balance*,
knife, cork borer, stopwatch
Materials (M) : Mango tissue*, sucrose solution*,
filter paper

3

4A +3 M
3A +3M including *- compulsory apparatus and
materials
2 3A +3M
1-2A +2M including *- compulsory apparatus and
materials
1 1-2A +2M
1A +1M / no response / wrong response 0
KB061205
Procedure
Able to describe the steps of the experiment
procedure or method correctly based on the
following criteria:

K1: how to set up the apparatus ( at least 4 steps)
K2: how to operate the control variable ( any one )
K3: how to operate the responding variable
(any one)
K4: how to operate the manipulated variable
( any one)
K5: precaution steps ( any one )

All 5K

3

3 4 K 2
2 K 1
1K or wrong response / no response 0
KBO61206
Presentatio
n of data
Able to present all the data with the units

Titles and units : 1 mark
Manipulated variable concentration of the
sucrose solution (%)
Operating responding variable initial mass
and final mass of the mango strip (g)
Responding variable differences in mass
of the mango strip (g)

Data : 1 mark
At least four different concentration of
sucrose solution


Sample answer:
Mass of the
mango strip
(g)
Concentration
of sucrose
solution (%)
Initial Final
Difference in
mass of the
mango strip
(g)
2
4
6
8
10

2

Sample answer for procedure
No Steps Criteria
1 Five petri dishes is prepared and labelled A,B,C,D and E K1
2 A cork borer is used to obtain five cylindrical strips of mango. K1
3 Each mango strip is cut and weighed so that all the strips have the same
mass and its initial mass is recorded.
K1, K2
4 Each petri dish is filled with 20 ml sucrose solution of concentration 2%,
4%, 6%, 8% and 10% respectively.
K1, K2, K4
5 One mango strip is immersed into each petri dish and leaves it for 15
minutes.
K1
6 After 15 minutes, each mango strip is taken out and wipe it dry with a filter
paper
K1, K5
7 Electronic balance is used to weigh each mango strip and its final mass is
recorded.
K1, K3
8 Results are recorded in a table. K1


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4551/1

undergo differentiation to form spermatozoa.

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