INSURANCE LAW

COURSE OUTLINE
l"t Semester, AY 2015-2016

l.

General

A. Concept, purpose, history

B. Definition of insurance contract -

Sec. 2(a), lnsurance Code ('lC)l

insurance
contracts
of
Nature
and
characteristics
C.
De Leon, lnsurance Code Annotated, pages 16-40 (2010 Ed.)
D. Requisites for validity in general- Civil Code on validity of contracts
Articles 1318, 1319, 1353, Civil Code
Enriquez v. Sun Life Assurance, GR 15895, 29 Nov. 1920
Perez v. CA, GR 112329. 28 January 2000
De Lim v. Sun Life of Canada, GR 15774, Nov. 29, 1920
Musngi v. West Coast Life, GR 41794,30 Aug. 1935
E. Essentialelements
Gulf Resorts v. Philippine Charter lns., GR 156167, 16 May 2005
Philamcare Health Systems v. CA, GR 125678, 18 March 2002
F. Applicability of CivilCode
Art. 2011,2012,739, Civil Code
lnsular Life v. Ebrado, GR 44059, 28 October 1977
Zenith lnsurance v. CA, GR 85296, 14 May 1990
G. Subrogation
Article 2027, Civil Code
Fireman's Fund et al v Jamila et al., GR27427, 7 April 1976
Pan Malayan lnsurance v CA, GR 81026, 3 April 1990
SverigesAnfartygs Assurance v Qua Chee Gan, L-22146, 5 Sept 1967
Rizal Surety v Manila Railroad, GR L-24043,25 April 1968
St. Paul Fire v Macondray, GR L-27796,25 March 1976
National Union Fire lnsurance v. Stolt Nielsen, GR 87958, 26 April 1990
Cebu Shipyard vWilliam Lines, GR 132607,5 May 1999
Manila Mahogany v CA, GR L-52756,12 October 1987
F .F . Cruz v CA, GR L-52732, 29 August 1988
H. Construction of insurance contracts
De la Cruz v. Capital lnsurance, GR L-21 574, 30 June 1966
Sun lnsurance Office Ltd v CA, GR 92383, 17 July 1992
Ty v Filipinas Cia de Seguros, GR L-21821-22 and L-21824-27, 31 May 1966
Calanoc v CA, GR 81 51 , 16 Dec,ember 1955
Biagtan v lnsular Life, GR L-25579,29 March 1972
Finman GeneralAssurance v CA, GR 100970, 2 September 1992
Qua CheeGan v Law Union and Rock, GR L-4611,17 December 1955

1RA 10607 adopted amendments to PD 612 (lnsurance Code) which are intended to strengthen the
insurance industry. Substantive insurance law remains the same. Due to the addition of some new
sections (starting with Sec. 78 allowing government employees to pay premiums through salary
deductions) section references are to the lnsurance Code as amended by RA 10607.

3.

4.

PhilAm Life v Pineda, GR L-54216, 19 July 1989

Villanueva v Oro, GRL-2227, 31 August 1948
lnsurable interest in propefi insurance
Sections 13 to 18, lC; Section 25, lC
Harvardian College v Gountry Bankers (CA), CA CV 03771, 6 Jan. 6,
1986, CARA 1
' v lnsurance Co. of North America, GR 147839, I June 2006
Gaisano
Commercial Union Assurance v. Lepanto, GR L-52027,27 April 1982
Harding v Commercial Union, GR L-12707,10 August 1918
Lampano v Jose, GR L-9401, 30 March 1915
Ong Lim Sing, Jr. v FEB Leasing, GR 168115, 8 June 2007
Traders lnsurance v Golangco, GR L-6442,21 September 1954
Lopez v del Rosario, GR L-19189,27 November 1922
San Miguel v Law Union Rock lnsurance, GR L-14300, 19 Jan.1920
Spouses Cha v Court of Appeals, GR 124520, 18 August 1997
When insurable interest must exist
Sections 19, 2A, 2'1, 22, 23, 24, 25, lC
Tai Tong Chua Che v lnsurance Com, GR L-55397 ,29 February 1988
Bachrach v British American lnsurance, L-5715,2A December 1910
San Miguelv Law Union Rock Insurance, GR L-14300, 19 January 1920

D. Concealment

E.

F.

Sections 26-35, IC; De Leon, pages 131-149

Argente v West Coast Life, GR L-24899, 9 March 1928
Great Pacific Life v CA, GR L-31845, 30 April 1979
Saturnino v Philippine American Life, GR L-16163, 28 February 1963
Canilang v CA and Great Pacific Life, GR 92492,17 June 1993
Sun Life v Bacani, GR 105135, 22 June 1995
Yu Pang Cheng v CA, GR L-12465, 29 May 1959
Ng Zee v Asian Crusader Life lnsurance, GR L-30685, 30 May 1983
Colado v lnsular Life, 51 O.G. (No. 12), 1955
Representation
Sections 37-48,|C; De Leon, pages 150-170
Edillon v Manila Bankers Life, GR L-34200,30 September 1982
lnsular Life v Feliciano, GR L-47593, 29 December 1943
Tan Chay Heng v West Coast Life, GR L-27541,21 Nov. 1927
Tan v Court of Appeals, GR 48049,29 June 1989
The Policy
1. Sections 49-52; Sec.232, IC
De Leon, pages 171-203
[Sec. 233, lC (mandatory provisions - individual life insurance policies)
Sec. 234, lC (mandatory provisions - group life insurance policy)
Sec. 236, 237, lC (mandatory provisions - industial life insurance)l
Pacific Banking v CA, GR L-41014,28 November 1988
OrientalAssurance v Court of Appeals, GR 94052, 9 August '1991
Perez v CA, GR 112329,28 January 2000
Enriquez v Sun Life, GR L-15895, 29 November 1924
Tang v CA, GR L48563, 25 May 1979

Del Rosario v. Equitable lnsurance and Casualty, GR L-16215, 29 June 1963

Verendia v CA, GR 75605,22 January 1993
Fortune lnsurance v CA, GR 115278,23 May 1995
Mis amis Lumber v Capital lnsurance, GR L-21380, 20 May 1966

l.

The Business of lnsurance

Section 2(2),lC
White Gold Marine v Pioneer lnsurance, GR 154514,28 July 2045
Philamlife v Ansaldo, GR 76452,26 July 1994

ll. Contract

of insurance

A. What may be insured

B.

against
Sections 3-4, lC; De Leon, pages 61-69
Parties to insurance contracts
De Leon, pages 70-85
1. Who may be an insurer

2.

Sec.6, lC
Who may be insured

Sec.7, lC

C.

Filipinas Cia. De Seguros v Christern Huenefeld, GR L-2294,25 May1951

Constantino v Asia Life, GR L-1669, 31 August 1950
Fidela Sales Gonzaga v Crown Life, GR L4197,20 March 1957
3. Mortgagor/mortgagee
Sec. 8 and 9, lC; Sec. 13 and 53, lG
Palileo v Cosio, GR L-7667,28 November 1955
San Miguel Brewery v Law Union, GR L-14300, 19 January 1920
Gonzalez LaO v Yek Tong Lin Fire, GR 33131, 13 Dec. 1930
Geagonia v. CA, GR 114427,6 February 1995
Saura lmport & Export v Phil lnt'l Surety, GR L-15184,31 May 1963
Phil. National Bank v CA, GR L-57757,31August 1987
lnsurable interest
Sec. 18,25,!C; De Leon, pp.85-130
1. lnsurable interest in life insurance
Sec. 10, lC; Sec. 184, lC
Lalican v. lnsular Life, GR 183526, 25 August 2009
El Oriente v Posadas, GR 34774, 21 September 1931
2. Beneficiaries
Sections 11 and12,lC
Art.2012 and 739, Civil Code
lnsular Life v Ebrado, GR L-44059, 28 October 1977
Vda. De Consuegra v GSIS, GR L-28093, 30 January 1971
Southern Luzon Employees v Golpeo, GR L-6114, 30 October 1954
Heirs of Maramag v Maramag, GR 181132,5 June 2009
Philamcare v CA, GR 125678, 18 March 2002
Nario V Phil Am Life, GR l-22796, 26 June 1967

Rizal Commercial Banking v CA, GR 128833,20 April 1998

Great Pacific Life CA, GR L-31845, 30 April 1979
De Lim v Sun Life of Canada, GR 15774,29 Nov 1920
2. Sections 53-58, IC
Bonifacio Brothers v Mora, GR L-20853,29 May 1967
Heirs of Maramag v Maramag, GR 181132,5 June 2009
Coquia v Fieldmen's lnsurance, GR L-23276,29 November 1968
3. Sections 59-62, lC
Development lnsurance v. lAC, GR 71360, 16 July 1986
4. Section 63, lC
ACCFA v Alpha lnsurance, GR L-24566, 29 July 1968
Ang v Fulton Fire lnsurance, GR L-15862, 31 July 1961
Sun lnsurance CA, GR 89741; 13 March 1991
Pacific Banking v CA, GR L-41014,28 November 1988
Lopez v Cia de Seguros, GR L-19613, 30 April 1966
5. Sections 64-66, lC
Saura lmport & Export v Phil lnt'l Surety, GR L-15'184, 31 May 1963
Malayan lnsurance v Cruz-Arnaldo, GR L-67835, 12 October 1987
G. Warranties
Sections 67-76, lC
Sta. Ana v Commercial Union lnsurance, GR L-32889, 20 Nov. 1930
Ang Giok Chip v Springfield Fire & Marine, GR L-33637, 31 December 1931
Young v Midland Textile, GR L-9370, 31 March 1915
American Home Assurance v Tantuco, GR 138941; 6 October 2001
Qua Chee Gan v Law Union & Rock lnsurance, GR L4611,17 Dec. 1955
Fieldman's lnsurance v Songco, GR 24833,23 September 1968
Pioneer lnsurance v Yap, GR L-36232,19 Dec. 1974
Prudential Guarantee v Trans Asia, GR 151890, 20 June 2006
General Insurance v Ng Hua, GR L-14373, 30 January 1960
H. Premium
Sections 77-84,|C
Philippine Phoenix v Woodworks, GR L-22684,31 August 1967
Philippine Phoenix v Woodworks, GR L-25317,6 August 1979
Arce v Capital lnsurance, GR L-28501, 30 September 1985
MakatiTuscany v CA, GR 95546, 6 November 1992
Tibay v CA, GR 119655, 24 May 1996
UCPB General V Masagana Telamart, GR 137172,15 June 1999 and UCPB
General v Masagana Telamart, GR 137172,4 April 2001
American Home lns. v Chua, GR 130421, 28 June 1999
Great Pacific Life v CA, GR 57308, 28 April 1990
Loss and Notice of Loss
1. Sections 85-89, lC
Paris-Manila Perfume v Phoenix Assurance, GR L-25845,17 Dec 1926
Prats v PhoenixAssurance, GR L-28607,21 February 1929
East Furniture v Globe & Rutgers Fire, L-35848,57 Phil 576 (1929)
Country Bankers v Lianga Bay Multipurpose, GR 36914, 25 January 2002

l.

Heirs of Coscolluela v Rico General, GR 84628,16 Nov. 1989

FGU lnsurance v CA, GR 137775,31 March 2005
2. Sections 90-94, lC
Malayan lnsurance v Cruz Arnaldo, GR L-67835, 12 October 1987
Yu Ban Chan v Fieldmen's lnsurance, GR L-19851, 29 June 1965
Go Lu v Yorkshire lnsurance, G.R. No. L-18090, 25 July 25 1922
Pacific Banking v CA, GR L41014,28 November 1988
Pacific Timber v CA, GR L-38613,25 February 1982
Phil. Charter lns. v Chemoil Lighterage, GR 136888, 29 June 2005
J. Double lnsurance
Sections 95-96, lC
Geagonia v CA, GR 114427,6 February 1995
Pacific Bank v CA, L41014,28 November 1988
Sta. Ana v Commercial Union lnsurance, GR L-32889, 20 Nov. 1930
Pioneer lnsurance v Yap, L-36232, 19 December 1974
New Life lnsurance v CA, GR 94071, 31 March 1992
Emilio Gonzalez La O v Yek Tong Lin, GR L-33131, 13 Dec. 1930
General lnsurance v Ng Hua, GR L-14373, 30 January 1960
Union Manufacturing & Republic Bank v Philippine Guaranty, GR L-27932, 30
October 1972
K. Reinsurance
Sections 98-100, lC
Fieldmen's lnsurance v Asian Surety, L-23447 ,31 July 1970
Pioneer lnsurance v CA, GR 84197,28 July 1989
Gibson v Revilla, GR L41432, 30 July 1979
Artex Development v Wellington lnsurance, GR L-29508, 27 June 1973

lll. Marine lnsurance

A.

B.

C.

Scope
1. What marine insurance includes
Section 101,|C
De Leon, pages 317-330
2. Perils of the ship; perils of the sea; All Risks insurance
Roque v lAC, G.R. No. L-66935 November 11, 1985
La Razon Social Go Tiaoco v Union lnsurance, GR 13983, 1 Sep. 1919
ChoaTek Seng v CA & Filipino Merchants, GR84507, 15 March 1990
Filipino Merchants v CA & ChoaTekTeng, GR 85141, 28 Nov. 1989
lnsurable interest in marine insurance
De Leon, pages 540
Sections 102-108, !C
Caltex Phil v Sulpicio Lines, GR 131166, 30 Sept. 1999
San Miguel v Heirs of Sabiniano lnguito, GR 136054, 5 Sept. 2001
Concealment and representation in marine insurance
De Leon, pages 340-345
Sections 1 09-1 12, lC; Sec. 1 13-114, lC

D. lmplied warranties

1.

Seaworthiness
Sections 115-121, lC
Philippine American General lns. v CA, 116940, 11 June 1997
Caltex Phil v Sulpicio Lines, GR 131166, 30 September 1999
Delsan Transport v CA, [G.R. No. 127897. November 15, 20011
Madrigal v Hanson, GR L-6106-07, 18 April 1958
Roque v lAC, GR L-66935, 11 November 1985
2. Documents where nationality expressly warranted
Section 122,|C
3. Against deviation
De Leon, pages 356-359
Sections 123-128,|C
E. Loss in marine insurance
Sections 129-139, lC
De Leon, pages 359-369
PMC v Union lnsurance, GR L-16473,22 November 1921
Malayan v CA, GR 119599, 20 March 1997
Pan Malayan v CA, GR 95070, 5 September 1991
F. Abandonment
Sections 138-155, lC
OrientalAssurance v CA, GR 94052, I August 1991
G. Measure of indemnity in marine insurance
Sections 156-166, lC
Jarque v Smith Bell, GR L-32986, 't1 November 1930

lV. Fire lnsurance

Sections 169-175,1C
De Leon, pages 405
Bachrach v British American Assurance, GR L-5715, 20 Dec- 1 910
Ong Guan Can v Century lnsurance, GR L-21196, 6 February 1924
Galian v State Assurance, GR L-8405, 10 February 1915

V. Casualty lnsurance
Section 176, lC
De Leon, pages 446420
Sections 386-402, lC (Comprehensive Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance
Pan Malayan lnsurance v CA, GR 81026, 3 April 1990
De la Cruz v. Capital Insurance, GR L-21 574, 30 June 1966
Sun lnsurance Office Ltd v CA, GR 92383, 17 July 1992
Ty v Filipinas Cia de Seguros, GR L-21821-22 and L-21824-27, 31 May 1966
Calanoc v CA, GR 8151, 16 December'1955
Biagtan v lnsular Life, GR L-25579, 29 March 1972
Finman GeneralAssurance v CA, GR 100970, 2 September 1992
Fortune lnsurance v CA, GR 115278,23 May 1995
Misamis Lumber v Capital lnsurance, GR L-21380, 20 May 1966

Villacorta v lnsurance Commission, GR 54171, 28 October 1980

Perla Cia de Seguros v CA, GR 96452,7 May 1992
Association of Baptists v Fieldmen, GR L-28772,21 September 1983
Shaferv RTC Judge, GR 78848, 14 November 1988
Guingon v Del Monte, GR L-22042,17 August 1967
Malayan lnsurance v CA and Vallqios, et al., GR L-36413, 26 Sept. 1988
Vda de Maglana v Consolacion, GR 60506, 6 August 1992
Vl. Suretyship
Sections 177-180, lC
De Leon, pages 421431
National Power Corporation v CA, GR L-43706 14 November 1986
Leyson v Rizal Surety, GR L-21250, 31 March 1966
Philippine Pryce Assurance v. CA, GR 107062,21 February 1994
AFP General lnsurance v. Molina, GR 151133, 30 June 20Og
Capital lnsurance v. Ronquillo Trading, GR L-36488, 25 July 1983

Vll.

Life lnsurance
Sections 181-186; lC
Sectkrn 233, lC (mandatory provisions - individual life insurance policies)

Vlll.

Other provisions

A.

Claims settlement
Sections 247-251,|C
Cathay lnsurance v CA, GR 85624, 5 June 1989
Zenith lnsurance v. CA, GR 85296, 14 May 1990
B. Mutualization
Section 268, lC
Republic v Sun Life, G.R. No. 158085,14 October 2005
C. lnsurance agents and brokers
Sections 307, 308, 309 - lnsurance agent
Sections 310-311 - insurance brokers
D. Adjusters - Section 332, lC
Actuary - Sec. 344,lC
E. Bancassuran@ - Sec. 375-377,|C