Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 32 views

    Rubber Processing - Overview

    Uploaded by

    Tamoor Tariq
    This document provides an overview of the rubber processing and vulcanization. It discusses the key steps in rubber processing including ingredients, vulcanization, and curing. Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur crosslinks between polymer chains, which increases the rubber's elasticity and retractive force while decreasing plasticity. The document outlines the characteristics of vulcanization such as scorch resistance and reversion. It also examines the effects of vulcanization on various physical properties including tear strength, modulus, hardness, hysteresis, and tensile strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Rubber Processing - Overview

    Uploaded by

    Tamoor Tariq
    32 views11 pages
    This document provides an overview of the rubber processing and vulcanization. It discusses the key steps in rubber processing including ingredients, vulcanization, and curing. Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur crosslinks between polymer chains, which increases the rubber's elasticity and retractive force while decreasing plasticity. The document outlines the characteristics of vulcanization such as scorch resistance and reversion. It also examines the effects of vulcanization on various physical properties including tear strength, modulus, hardness, hysteresis, and tensile strength.

    Original Description:

    Polymer and rubber engineering

    Original Title

    Rubber

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an overview of the rubber processing and vulcanization. It discusses the key steps in rubber processing including ingredients, vulcanization, and curing. Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur crosslinks between polymer chains, which increases the rubber's elasticity and retractive force while decreasing plasticity. The document outlines the characteristics of vulcanization such as scorch resistance and reversion. It also examines the effects of vulcanization on various physical properties including tear strength, modulus, hardness, hysteresis, and tensile strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views11 pages

    Rubber Processing - Overview

    Uploaded by

    Tamoor Tariq
    This document provides an overview of the rubber processing and vulcanization. It discusses the key steps in rubber processing including ingredients, vulcanization, and curing. Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur crosslinks between polymer chains, which increases the rubber's elasticity and retractive force while decreasing plasticity. The document outlines the characteristics of vulcanization such as scorch resistance and reversion. It also examines the effects of vulcanization on various physical properties including tear strength, modulus, hardness, hysteresis, and tensile strength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    Rubber Processing - Overview

    Rubber Processing-Ingrediants of raw mixture

    Rubber processing Vulcanization


    Vulcanization
    A process which increases the retractile force and reduces the amount of
    permanent deformation remaining after removal of the deforming force.
    Thus vulcanization increases elasticity while it decreases plasticity.
    Vulcanization

    chemical network

    By the insertion of cross links between polymer chains.


    The retractile force is proportional to the number of network supporting
    polymer chains per unit volume of elastomer.

    Rubber processing Vulcanization

    Rubber processing Vulcanization

    Rubber processing Curemetry: Crosslinking isotherm


    (rheometer chart, rheograph, or cure curve)

    Rubber processing Characteristics of Vulcanization


    There must be sufficient delay or scorch resistance (resistance
    to premature vulcanization) to permit mixing, shaping, forming,
    and flowing in the mold before vulcanization.
    Reversion:

    Creeping:

    If chain scission and/or crosslink breakage become


    dominant during prolonged heating, the torque passes
    through a maximum and then decreases, a phenomenon
    termed reversion.
    Some compounds show a slowly increasing torque at
    long cure times, or "creeping cure."

    Rubber processing Effect of vulcanization

    Rubber processing Effect of vulcanization

    E ects of vulcanization on physical properties. 1, Tear strength; 2, dynamic mod9


    ulus; 3, hardness; 4, hysteresis, permanent set; 5, static modulus; 6, tensile strength.

    Rubber processing Effect of vulcanization


    Hysteresis is the ratio of the rate-dependent or viscous component to the
    elastic component of deformation resistance. It is also a measure of
    deformation energy that is not stored (or borne by the elastic network)
    but that is converted to heat.
    Static modulus is more correctly the equilibrium modulus,
    approximated by a low strain, slow-strain-rate modulus.
    Dynamic modulus is generally measured with the imposition of a
    sinusoidal, small strain at a frequency of 1100Hz.)
    The dynamic modulus is a composite of viscous and elastic behavior,
    whereas static modulus is largely a measure of only the elastic
    component of rheological behavior.
    The properties are not functions only of crosslink density. They are
    also affected by the type of crosslink, the type of polymer, and 10type
    and amount of filler, etc.

    Rubber processing Mixing process

    11

    You might also like