Utkarsh reported to the inspector that he had lost his wallet. The inspector asked him how he had lost it. Utkarsh replied that his pocket had been picked. The inspector further asked where it had happened, and Utkarsh said it was in the local market.
Utkarsh reported to the inspector that he had lost his wallet. The inspector asked him how he had lost it. Utkarsh replied that his pocket had been picked. The inspector further asked where it had happened, and Utkarsh said it was in the local market.
Utkarsh reported to the inspector that he had lost his wallet. The inspector asked him how he had lost it. Utkarsh replied that his pocket had been picked. The inspector further asked where it had happened, and Utkarsh said it was in the local market.
Utkarsh reported to the inspector that he had lost his wallet. The inspector asked him how he had lost it. Utkarsh replied that his pocket had been picked. The inspector further asked where it had happened, and Utkarsh said it was in the local market.
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NARRATION
Study the following sentences:
1. Vikas said to me, I want to see a movie today. (Direct speech) 2. Vikas told me that he wanted to see a movie that day. (Indirect speech) REMEMBER: In Direct Speech the actual words of the speaker are repeated and these repeated words are placed within inverted commas(___). In Indirect Speech the actual words of the speaker are not repeated but the actual words are reported in
CHANGES WHILE CONVERTING A
SENTENCE OF DIRECT SPEECH INTO INDIRECT SPEECH 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
said to/say to is changed.
Commas and inverted commas are removed. Connector is used in place of comma. Tense inside the inverted commas is changed. Person is changed. Nearness is changed into farness.
RULES OF CHANGE OF PERSON(PRONOUNS) REMEMBER: While changing a sentence of Direct speech into Indirect speech , only Persons(Pronouns) within the inverted commas are changed. Pronouns outside the inverted Commas remain the same. I person pronouns like - I, my, me, we, our, us change according to Subject of Verb outside inverted commas. II person pronouns like- you, your, yours change according to Object of Verb outside inverted commas. III person pronouns like- he, his, him, she, her, they, their, them do not change.
DIRECT Am, is, are Was/were Shall/will Can May Must Have/has to
Might Should Would could Ought to Used to
INDIRECT Was/were Had been Should/would Could Might
Had to
No change
Changes of adverb of time &
place Direct
Indirect
Now Tomorrow
Next week Tonight Today Yesterday
Last night
Last week
Here This These Ago Come Thus
Then The next day/ the following day The following week That night That day The previous day/ the day before The previous night/ the night before The previous week/ the week before There That Those Before Go So
CHANGES OF TENSES
Direct Simple present(break) Present continuous(is/am/are breaking) Present perfect(has/have broken) Present perfect continuous(has been/have been breaking) Simple past(broke) Past continuous(was/were breaking)
Past perfect(had broken)
Past perfect continuous(had been breaking) Simple future(will/shall break)
Future continuous(will be/shall be
breaking) Future perfect(will/shall have broken)
Future perfect continuous (will/shall
have been breaking)
Indirect Simple past(broke) Past continuous(was/were breaking) Past perfect(had broken) Past perfect continuous(had been breaking) Past perfect(had broken) Past perfect continuous(had been breaking) No change No change Simple future in past(would break) Future continuous in past(would be breaking) Future perfect in past(would have broken) Future perfect continuous in past(would have been breaking)
1. STATEMENT HE SAYS HE SAID HE TELLS ME HE TOLD ME
THAT
REPORTED WORDS
NOTE: If no Object is given after Reporting Verb, it is not changed. If an Object is given after Reporting Verb, say to is converted into tell to & said to is changed into told.
STATEMENT EXAMPLE DIRECT
INDIRECT
They said to me, we They told me that
they were going to are going to visit visit Delhi the Delhi tomorrow. following day.
Rajesh said, I didnt
go to school today. Anne told Angel, My father got angry with me last night.
Rajesh said that he
hadnt gone to school that day. Anne told Angel that her father had got angry with her the night before.
STATEMENT Exception: If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense or Future Tense, there wont be any change in the tense of the Reported (Indirect) speech .
DIRECT
INDIRECT
Seema says: I will come to
your house tonight.
Seema says that she
will come to my house tonight He will say that his mother was not at home the previous day. Dimpal says that she meets her friend every Saturday. Chandra says that he doesnt like sport.
He will say, My mother was
not at home yesterday.
Dimpal says: I meet my
friend every saturday. Chandra says: I dont like sport.
HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME
TO
INFIVITIVE
COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT The teacher asked me: Open your book page 65! Siska asked Manu: give me a piece of paper! Ronny told him: call me tonight!
INDIRECT The teacher asked me to open my book page 65. Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper. Ronny told him to call him that night.
HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME
NOT TO
INFINITIVE
COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT Seema asked Esha: Dont leave me alone anymore! Vikash asked Ignesh: Dont hurt me anymore! Subham told them: Dont disturb me!
INDIRECT Seema asked Esha not to leave her alone anymore. Vikash asked Ignesh not to hurt him anymore. Subham told them not to disturb him.
HE ASKED ME
IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT
A. Yes/No Question Example
DIRECT
INDIRECT
Ritu said to Henry: Does
your father work near here?
Ritu asked Henry
if/whether his father worked near there.
Mr. Rathor said to Shyam
have you finished your homework?
Mr. Rathor asked
Shyam if/whether he had finished his homework. Dev asked William if/whether he could accompany him to market that night.
Dev said to William: can
you accompany me to market tonight?
HE ASKED ME
WHEN/WHAT S + V + COMPLEMENT etc.
b. Wh- Question Example
DIRECT The girl asked me: Where Do you come from? My father asked my brother: Why did you arrive at home late last night? Handy asked the girl: what is your favorite movie star?
INDIRECT The girl asked me where I came from. My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was
Read the following dialogue and then complete the report by choosing the correct options from the ones given below. Write your answers in your answer sheet with the correct blank number. (1x3=3 Marks) Do not copy the dialogue and the report:Utkarsh: I have lost my wallet. Inspector: How did you lose it? Utkarsh: My pocket was picked. Inspector: Where did it happen? Utkarsh: In the local market, sir. Utkarsh reported to the inspector (A)_______lost his wallet. The inspector asked him (B)___________Utkarsh replied(C)________.The inspector further asked him where it had happened. Utkarsh replied that it had happened in the local market. (A) i) that I had ii) that he had iii) that he has iv) that I have (B) i) how he has lost it ii) how he had lost it. iii) how had he lost it. iv) how he had lost that (C) i) my pocket has been picked ii) if his pocket had been picked iii) that his pocket had been picked iv) whether his pocket has been picked
