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Aphg 3.4

Migrants face several obstacles to migration including quota laws established by countries like the United States. The U.S. established national origin quotas in 1921 and 1924 that limited immigration based on existing populations. These quotas were replaced in 1965 by a system with global and per country limits. Unauthorized immigrants, or those entering without proper documents, make up around 11 million people in the U.S. with over half coming from Mexico. Characteristics of unauthorized immigrants include many having lived in the U.S. for over 10 years and most being employed, making up about 5% of the U.S. labor force. Attitudes toward immigrants are often concerned with border control, workplace issues, civil rights, and local policies.

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730 views

Aphg 3.4

Migrants face several obstacles to migration including quota laws established by countries like the United States. The U.S. established national origin quotas in 1921 and 1924 that limited immigration based on existing populations. These quotas were replaced in 1965 by a system with global and per country limits. Unauthorized immigrants, or those entering without proper documents, make up around 11 million people in the U.S. with over half coming from Mexico. Characteristics of unauthorized immigrants include many having lived in the U.S. for over 10 years and most being employed, making up about 5% of the U.S. labor force. Attitudes toward immigrants are often concerned with border control, workplace issues, civil rights, and local policies.

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3.4 Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles?

Intervening Obstacles- An environmental or political feature that hinders


migration
Controlling Migration
o U.S. Quota Laws
Quota act passed in 1921, National Origins Act in 1924
Established quotas, or national limits on # of people who
can migrate to US in one year
o 1924: 2% of a country w/ native born already living
in the US could immigrate each year
o 1965: 170K from eastern hemisphere, 120K western
o 1978: Global quota of 290K, 20K from per country
o 1990: Global quota raised to 700K
o Family reunification: of immigrants of reunite w/
spouse or family. Typical wait time is 5 years
o Skilled workers: Super talented people are
exceptions
o Diversity: Few are entered during a lottery
o Quotas dont apply to refugees
o Brain Drain- large scale emigration by talented
people
o Chain Migration- Migration of people to a specific
location bc relative or members of the same
nationality previously migrated there
Unauthorized Immigrants- those who enter without proper documents, they
immigrate illegally
o Characteristics of Unauthorized immigrants (Hispanic to US)
11.2 million unauthorized immigrants in US in 2010
Source Country: 58% of unauthorized immigrants come from
Mexico
Children: the 11.2 unauthorized includes 1 million children, but
people have babies in the US that are US citizens
Years in US: 35% for 15+ years, 28% for 10-14 years, 22% for 5-9
years, 15% from 5- years
Labor Force: 8 million are employed, 5% of US labor force
Distribution: California and Texas have largest # of unauthorized
immigrants, Nevada has largest percentage
o Mexicos Border with US
3,141 km (1,951 mi)
276 six-foot-tall iron monuments and 440 fifteen-inch-tall markers
to mark border
2 Million people from Guatemala to Mexico illegally each year

Attitude toward Immigrants


o Characteristics
Most long-distance migrants are male
Most long-distance migrants are individuals (no
family/spouse/kids)
o Gender
Most are male
o Age & Education (In US)
40% of immigrants are between 25-39
5% of immigrants are 65+
Kids 15- are 16% of immigrants
Most dont even have high school diplomas
o Immigration Concerns in US:
Border Patrol
Workplace
Civil Rights
Local Initiatives

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