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    SM 15731 Numerical Aptitude I

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    pavan kumar kvs
    The document provides methods for finding the square of two-digit and three-digit numbers. It explains that to find the square of a two-digit number with digits a and b, we can use the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. For a three-digit number with hundreds digit a and remainder b, the formula is a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b) + b2. The document also describes properties of perfect squares and methods for finding square roots. It includes examples of using these techniques to solve problems involving finding squares, square roots, and setting up and solving equations related to perfect squares.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SM 15731 Numerical Aptitude I

    Uploaded by

    pavan kumar kvs
    25 views7 pages
    The document provides methods for finding the square of two-digit and three-digit numbers. It explains that to find the square of a two-digit number with digits a and b, we can use the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. For a three-digit number with hundreds digit a and remainder b, the formula is a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b) + b2. The document also describes properties of perfect squares and methods for finding square roots. It includes examples of using these techniques to solve problems involving finding squares, square roots, and setting up and solving equations related to perfect squares.

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    The document provides methods for finding the square of two-digit and three-digit numbers. It explains that to find the square of a two-digit number with digits a and b, we can use the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. For a three-digit number with hundreds digit a and remainder b, the formula is a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b) + b2. The document also describes properties of perfect squares and methods for finding square roots. It includes examples of using these techniques to solve problems involving finding squares, square roots, and setting up and solving equations related to perfect squares.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views7 pages

    SM 15731 Numerical Aptitude I

    Uploaded by

    pavan kumar kvs
    The document provides methods for finding the square of two-digit and three-digit numbers. It explains that to find the square of a two-digit number with digits a and b, we can use the formula (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2. For a three-digit number with hundreds digit a and remainder b, the formula is a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b) + b2. The document also describes properties of perfect squares and methods for finding square roots. It includes examples of using these techniques to solve problems involving finding squares, square roots, and setting up and solving equations related to perfect squares.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    NUMERICAL APTITUDE I

    METHODS OF FINDING THE SQUARE OF TWO-DIGIT NUMBERS: To find the square of any two digit number one can use ( a + b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 . Treat that b 2 , 2ab and a 2 respectively are the values obtained in the addition. While finding the square of a two digit number take the first digit as a and the second digit as b and then get the value of b 2 . If b 2 is a digit write it as the unit digit of the result. If b 2 is a two or three digit number write down only the last digit and the remaining value is the carry to the previous place. Similarly find the values of 2ab and a 2 and write down the values in the tens place and hundreds place respectively. Ex 1: Find the square of 83? Sol: Here a = 8 and b = 3
    b2 = 9

    (write 9in units place and no carry to previous place)

    2ab = 2 8 3 = 48 (write 8 in tens place and4 the carry to the previous place)
    a 2 = 8 2 = 64 + carry 4 = 68
    The value of 83 2 = 6889

    NOTE: To find the square of a number having 5 in the units place the following method can also be used. If the square of number is of the form K5 is to be found first write 5 2 i.e 25. Then find the value of K (K+1) and prefix this value to 25. The value so obtained is the value of (K 5) 2 . E.g. (1) Find the value of 65 2 Sol: The number is of the form (K 5) 2 where K = 6
    (65) 2 = 6(6+1)| 5 2 = 4225

    METHOD OF FINDING THE SQUARE OF A THREE DIGIT NUMBER: To find the square of a three digit number, use a 2 - b 2 = (a + b) (a - b) + b 2 If a 2 is to be found where a is a three digit number first get the nearest hundreds value to a and find the difference between a and the hundreds value (say it is b) then write a 2 as a 2 = a 2 - b 2 + b 2 = (a + b) (a - b) + b 2 . Ex 2: Find the value of ( 217) 2 ? Sol: a = 217 the nearest hundreds value to 217 is 200
    b = 217 - 200 = 17

    217 2 = 217 2 - 17 2 + 17 2

    = (217 + 17) (217 - 17) + 17 2 = 234 200 + 289 = 46800 + 289 =47089 Some facts about perfect square(s): (i) A perfect square can never end with 2, 3, 7, 8 or odd number of zeros. (ii) The square of an even number is an even number and that of an odd number is an odd number. (iii) If a perfect square has an odd digit in the units place then the digit in tens place is even. (iv) The number of decimal places of a decimal square is even. Method of finding the square root of a perfect square P: Step I: First arrive at the possible unit digits of the square root depending on the unit digit of the square (P) Unit square 1 4 9 6 5 digit of Unit digit of square root 1 or 9 2 or 8 3 or 7 4 or 6 5

    Step II: Now strike off the last two digits of P and look at the perfect square (K) which is less than or equal to the left out value. Then prefix the square root of K to the unit digits to get the two possible values for P . Step III: Then eliminate one of the possible values by using the square of the number which is in between the two possible values and ends with 5.

    Ex 3: If (74) 2 is subtracted from the square of a number, the answer so obtained is 3740. What is the number? Sol: x be the number then
    x 2 - 74 2 = 3740

    x 2 = 3740 + 74 2

    But 74 2 = 7 2 | 2 7 4 | 4 2 = 49 | 56 | 16 = 49 | 56 | 6
    1

    = 49 | 7 | 6
    5

    = 5476

    x 2 = 3740 + 5476 = 9216

    x=

    9216

    Step I: The perfect square ends with 6. Therefore its square root will end with 4 or 6.

    / / Step II: strike off the last two digits of 9216 (i.e 92 1 6 ).Then the left out value is 91.
    The perfect square less than or equal to 92 is 81 and its square root is 9. Prefix 9 to both 4 and 6 to get two possible values 94 or 96. Step III: Now find (95) 2 = 9(9+1)| 5 2 = 9025
    Q 9216 > 9025

    9216 > 9025 = 95


    9216 = 96

    PROBLEMS 1.
    54 5 + 150 + 21 = (?) 2

    1) 21 ANSWER: 2

    2)

    21

    3) 441 2

    4) 441

    5) 441

    54 5 + 150 + 21 = 270 + 150 + 21 = 441


    54 5 + 150 + 21 = 441 = 21

    21 = (?) 2 ?=
    21

    2.

    1764 576 + (4) 2 = (?) 2

    1) 32 ANSWER: 1
    1764 = 42

    2) 36

    3) 28

    4) 24

    5) 26

    576 = 24

    1764 576 + 4 2 = (?) 2

    42 24 + 16 = (?) 2 1008 + 16 = (?)2 ? = 1024 = 32

    3.

    (74 676 ) ( 42 ? ) = 496

    1) 1024 these ANSWER: 3


    676 = 26

    2) 1296

    3) 1156

    4) 1089

    5) None of

    74 676 = 74 26 = 1924

    (74
    ?=

    676 ( 42 ? ) = 496

    (42 ? ) = 1924 496 = 1428


    1428 = 34 42

    ? = 342 = 1156

    4.

    If (17 ) 2 is subtracted from the square of a number, the answer so obtained is

    1232. What is the number? 1) 36 ANSWER: 4 Let x be the number then x 2 17 2 = 1232
    x 2 = 1232 + 17 2 = 1232 + 289 = 1521
    x = 1521 = 39

    2) 42

    3) 37

    4) 39

    5) 32

    5.

    2500 + 961 = (?) 2

    1) 81 these ANSWER: 2
    2500 = 50

    2) 3

    3) 6561

    4) 9

    5) None of

    961 = 31

    2500 + 961 = 50 + 31 = 81 = 9

    9 = (?)2

    ?= 9=3

    6.

    97344 = ?

    1) 302 these ANSWER: 5

    2) 322

    3) 292

    4) 342

    5) None of

    The perfect square 97344 ends with 4 so its square root should end with either 2 or 8 After striking off last two digits the left out value will be 973 and the perfect square immediately less than 973 is 961. But
    and 318. But 3152 = 99225
    99225 = 315
    961 = 31. Now prefixing 31 to both 2 and 8 the possible numbers will be 312

    But 97344 < 99225

    97344 < 99225

    97344 should be 312

    7.

    5103 ? = ? 1575

    1) 2725 ANSWER: 2
    5103 ? = ? 1575

    2) 2835

    3) 2885

    4) 2945

    5) 2975

    ? ? = 5103 1575
    ? 2 = 5103 1575

    ?=

    5103 1575

    But 5103 = 63 81 and 1575 = 6325


    ? = 63 81 63 25 = 63 9 5 = 2835

    8.

    972 ? = ? 75

    1) 250 ANSWER: 3
    972 ? = ? 75

    2) 260

    3) 270

    4) 280

    5) 320

    ? ? = 972 75
    ? = 972 75

    But 972 = 3 324 and 75 = 3 25 ?=


    3 324 3 25 = 3 18 5 = 270

    9.

    ? + 45 = 6561

    1) 784 ANSWER: 4
    ? + 45 =

    2) 1024

    3) 1156

    4) 1296

    5) 1444

    6561

    But

    6561 = 81
    ? + 45 = 81

    ? = 81 45 = 36

    ? = 36 2 = 1296 10. (94 ) 2 + (?) 2 = (145 ) 2 (56 ) 2 3869 1) 5184 these ANSWER: 2
    (94 ) 2 = 8836

    2) 72

    3) 84

    4) 7056

    5) None of

    (145 ) 2 = 21025
    (56 ) 2 = 3136

    (94) 2 + (?) 2 = (145) 2 (56) 2 3869

    8836 + (?) 2 = 21025 3136 3869


    (?) 2 = 21025 3136 3869 8836 = 5184

    ?=

    5184 = 72

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