400kV Switchyard Calculations

Ref.
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Project: MESNET IZALATORU MEKANIK HESAPLAR
Gilgel Gibe II PROJECT ETHIOPIA

Description:
400 kV SWITCHYARD DESIGN REPORTs & CALCULATIONs
Subject:
Report on Calculations for Determination of Cantilever Strength of Bus Post Insulators
Note:
This report establishes the sizing of bus post insulators for 400kV switchyard on the basis of cantilever strength.
BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted
Page: 3 of 7
Contents
page
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 4 System Data...................................................................................................................... 4 Conductor Data ................................................................................................................. 4 Bus Post Insulator data ..................................................................................................... 5 Attachments ...................................................................................................................... 6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 6 References........................................................................................................................ 7
Siemens Power Engineering Pvt. Ltd.
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its contents is not permitted without express written authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model or design, are reserved.
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Page: 4 of 7
Introduction
The rigid bus in out-door substation is primarily supported on Bus Post Insulators. These bus post insulators are hence subjected to sustain all types of stresses on bus conductor owing to electrically and mechanically originated forces. The principal forces on the bus post insulator are as follows a. Short circuit current force on the bus conductor. b. Wind force on the bus conductor. c. Wind force on the insulator stack. d. Weight of the bus conductor span supported by the bus post insulator. Since the forces on the bus-conductors are transmitted to the bus post insulators, the strength of the insulator must be considered. With various bus configurations, insulators may be required to withstand cantilever, compressive, tensile and torsional forces. However, only the cantilever force, which is a function of the effective conductor span length supported by the bus post insulator, have been regarded significant and considered for design.
System data
400kV AC Switchyard Nominal System Voltage System Frequency Short Circuit Fault Current Duration of Fault Current Maximum Wind Pressure Altitude above sea level 400 kV 50 Hz 31.5 kA 1 sec 700 N/m2 >1500 m
3 Conductor Data
Rigid Conductor i) 250/6mm Aluminum Tube (AlMgSi0.5F25) Outer Diameter Wall thickness
250 mm 6 mm
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Page: 5 of 7
Weight Weight of Damping Material (Twin 954 MCM Cardinal ACSR) ii) 120/8mm Aluminum Tube (AlMgSi0.5F25) Outer Diameter Wall thickness Weight Weight of Damping Material (Single 954 MCM Cardinal ACSR) iii) 120/6mm Aluminum Tube (AlMgSi0.5F25) Outer Diameter Wall thickness Weight Weight of Damping Material (Single 954 MCM Cardinal ACSR) Common for all tubes specified above Youngs Modulus
12.4 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM
120 mm 8 mm 7.6 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM
120 mm 6 mm 5.8 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM
70000 N/mm2
4 Bus Post Insulator data

i) C8-1550 Height of Insulator Stack Maximum Width Minimum Width Weight of Insulator Cantilever Strength (designated by manufacturer) i) C6-1550 Height of Insulator Stack Maximum Width Minimum Width
3350 mm 310 mm 140 mm 349 Kg 800 daN
3350 mm 290 mm 130 mm

(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Page: 6 of 7
Weight of Insulator Cantilever Strength (designated by manufacturer) i) C12.5-1550 Height of Insulator Stack Maximum Width Minimum Width Weight of Insulator Cantilever Strength (designated by manufacturer) Busbar Selection
291 Kg 600 daN
3350 mm 360 mm 160 mm 400 Kg 1250 daN
The following types of tubular busbar has been considered in the design : x x x 250/6 mm AlMgSi0.5F25 Tubular Bus bar to serve as Main Bus Conductor. 120/8 mm AlMgSi0.5F25 Tubular Bus bar to serve as Equipment Bus Conductor at the Bus Coupling feeder. 120/6 mm AlMgSi0.5F25 Tubular Bus bar to serve as Equipment Bus Conductor at the Transformer & Line feeders.
5 Attachments
Attachment-1: Calculation of Cantilever Strength of Bus Post Insulator supporting the Main Bus Attachment-2: Calculation of Cantilever Strength of Bus Post Insulator supporting the Equipment Bus at Coupling Bay Attachment-3: Calculation of Cantilever Strength of Bus Post Insulator supporting the Equipment Bus at Transformer & OHL Feeders.
6 Conclusion
1. The required Cantilever Strength of the C12.5-1550 for supporting the maximum bus span(24 m) of the Main Bus is 995.67 daN, whereas the cantilever strength published by the manufacturer is 1250 daN. Thus the design is safe and Bus Post Insulators of C12.5-1550 type may be used for supporting the Main Bus conductor. 2. The required Cantilever Strength of the C6-1550 for supporting the maximum bus span(12 m) of the Equipment Bus at Coupling Bay is 281.23 daN, whereas the cantilever strength published by
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Page: 7 of 7
the manufacturer is 600 daN. Thus the design is safe and Bus Post Insulators of C6-1550 type may be used for supporting the Equipment Bus conductor at the Coupling Bay. 3. The required Cantilever Strength of the C6-1550 for supporting the maximum bus span (12 m) of the Equipment Bus at Transformer & OHL Feeders is 249.28 daN, whereas the cantilever strength published by the manufacturer is 600 daN. Thus the design is safe and Bus Post Insulators of C6-1550 type may be used for supporting the Equipment Bus conductor at Transformer & OHL Feeders.
7 References
1. IEEE Std 605 : 1987 IEEE Guide for Design of Substation Rigid-Bus Structures. 2. Technical Data sheet for Aluminum Alloy Tubular Conductor: Manufacturer Corus. 3. Technical Data sheet for Bus Post Insulator: Manufacturer Porzellanfabrik Frauenthal Insulators.
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
S MESNET IZALATORU MEKANIK HESAPLAR

(4)-G77700-S0019-L062-A ATTACHMENT-1 CALCULATION OF CANTILEVER STRENGTH OF BUS POST INSULATOR SUPPORTING THE MAIN BUS SYSTEM VOLTAGE ( IN KV. ): FAULT LEVEL( IK3 ) ( IN KA.): 400 31.5
TUBULAR BUS CONDUCTOR : a) Size : AlMgSi0.5F25 b) Outer dia. 250 mm c) Thickness : 6 mm d) Weight 12.4 Kg/m e) conductor Young's Modulus 7.00E+10 N/m2 f) Conductor spacing 6 m N/mm2 g) Max Allowable stress 115 2 Kg/mm 11.72 h) Max. Span 24 m i) Weight of Damper Material 3.66 Kg/m INSULATOR DATA (Type:C12,5-1550): a. Height 3.35 b. Max. Width 0.36 c. Min. Width 0.16 d Bus Cen. Line height above Insulator 0.215 e. Weight 400 Max. Wind Pressure(Pmax) Ambient air density(d) Wind Velocity(V)
(Twin 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)
m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m2 Kg/m m/s m/s

3
(as per technical specification)
Now, Coss sectional moment of inertia of the tube (J) = = where, DO = Outer Diameter of Conductor = Di = Inner Diameter of Tube = Therefore, J = = = = = Calculation for conductor Wind Force:
( S/64 ).(Do4 - Di4) 250 238 34231262.64 82.24027953 J/(DO/2) 273850.1011 16.71125822 mm mm mm4 in4 mm mm in3
3 3
Sectional Modulus of the tube
Conductor Wind Force (FW) = 2.132 x 10 CDKZGFV (DO+2r1) Where DO = Outer Diameter of Conductor r1 = Radial Ice thickness. CD KZ GF V Hence, FW = Drag coefficient (Ref. Table 1 of IEEE:605) = Height and exposure factor (Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) = Gust factor (Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = 15.59 lbf/ft
-4
lbf/ft
(Cl. 10. of IEEE:605) 9.84 = = = = = = 0 1 1 1.3 33.79 75.59 inch inch (For Round conductor)
m/s mi/h
Calculation for Short Circuit Current Unit Force: Short Circuit Current Unit Force (FSC) = 27.6* ISC /10 (D)
2 7
lbf/ft
Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 1 OF 3
(4)-G77700-S0019-L062-A
ATTACHMENT-1 ISC D * = Symmettrical short circuit current = Conductor spacing centre to centre = Constant based on type of short circuit and conductor location (Ref. Table 2 of IEEE:605) = 10.04 lbf/ft = = = 31500 236.22 0.866 A inch
Hence,
FSC
Calculation for Gravitational Force: Total bus unit weight (FG) = FC FD FI Hence, FC + FI + FD lbf/ft = = = 10.79 lbf/ft 8.33 2.46 0 lbf/ft lbf/ft lbf/ft
= Conductor unit weight = Damping material unit weight = Ice Unit weight FG =
Calculation for Insulator Strength a. FSB FSB LE FSC Calculation for Bus Short circuit Current Force: = LE.FSC lbf
= Bus Short Circuit Force transmitted to bus support fitting = Effective Bus span length = Short Circuit Current Unit Force = = 78.74 ft 10.04 lbf/ft
Now, for a Rigid Bus Section of Equipment connection in a typical Line bay across the Main Bus (as shown in the figure alongside) 1/2(L1+L2) LE = (Refer Table 5 of IEEE-605) = 78.74016 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L1) = 24 m = 78.74 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L2) = 24 m = 78.74 ft = 790.55 lbf Therefore FSB b. FWB Where, FWB LE FW Calculation for Bus Wind Force : = LE.FW lbf
24m BPI L1 Fig 1 BPI
24m BPI L2
= Bus Wind force transmitted to bus support fitting = Effective Bus span length = Wind unit force on the bus = 1227.38 lbf = = 78.74 ft 15.59 lbf/ft
Therefore FWB c. FWI Where, FWI Hi Di D1 D2
Calculation for Insulator wind force: = 1.776 x 10 CDKZGFV (Di+2r1)Hi

-5 2
lbf
= Wind Force on Insulator = Insulator Height = Effective insulator diameter = (D1+D2)/2 = Max. Insulator Width = Min. Insulator Width = = = = 131.89 Inch 10.2362 inch 14.1732 inch 6.2992 inch
(4)-G77700-S0019-L062-A
ATTACHMENT-1 r1 CD KZ GF V = Radial Ice thickness = Drag coefficient = Height and exposure factor = Gust factor =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = = = = = = 0 inch 1 (For 'round conductor' as per Table 1 of IEEE:605) 1 (as per Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) 1.3 (as per Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) 33.79 m/s 75.59 mi/h
Therefore FWI
178.11 lbf
Calculation for Total Insulator Cantilever load FIS FIS FWI FSB FWB Hi Hf K1 K2 = K1 [ FWI/2 + {(Hi+Hf)/Hi} FWB] + K2 [{(Hi+Hf)/Hi} FSB] lbf
= Total Cantilever load acting at the end of Insulator = Wind force on the insulator in lbf = Bus Short Circuit Force transmitted to bus support fitting = Bus Wind force transmitted to bus support fitting = Insulator Height = Bus Cen. Height above Insulator = Overload Factor applied to wind force = Overload Factor applied to short circuit force = = = = = = = 178.11 lbf 790.55 lbf 1227.38 lbf 131.89 inch 8.46 inch 1 1
= 2236.49 lbf Therefore FIS Now Effective weight of bus transmitted to bus support fitting LE.FG FGB lbf = where, LE = Effective Bus span length FG = Total Bus Unit Weight Therefore FGB = 849.83 lbf
= =
78.74 ft 10.79 lbf/ft
fi where, Ki g FGI FGB
Natural Frequency of the Insulator with effective weight of the conductor span : (1/2S) [Ki g / (0.226FGI + FGB)]1/2 = = Insulator cantilever Spring Constant = gravitional constant = Weight of the insulator = Effective weight of bus transmitted to bus support fitting = < 50Hz => 0.10 Hz K2 = = 1 (Refer Cl. No. 13.2 of IEEE: 605) 1015.37 Kgf = = = = 1 lbf/inch 386 inch/s 881.85 lbf 849.83 lbf
2
Therefore fi As fi
FIS (Eqp) Cantilever Load on the Support Insulator (in the direction of the Equipment Connection) =>
Reqiured cantilever Strength of the Supporting Insulator =
995.67
daN
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
ATTACHMENT-2 CALCULATION OF CANTILEVER STRENGTH OF BUS POST INSULATOR SUPPORTING THE EQUIPMENT BUS AT COUPLING BAY SYSTEM VOLTAGE ( IN KV. ): FAULT LEVEL( IK3 ) ( IN KA.): 400 31.5
TUBULAR BUS CONDUCTOR : a) Size : AlMgSi0.5F25 120 mm b) Outer dia. c) Thickness : 8 mm d) Weight 7.6 Kg/m e) conductor Young's Modulus 7.00E+10 N/m2 f) Conductor spacing 6.5 m N/mm2 g) Max Allowable stress 115 2 Kg/mm 11.72 h) Max. Span 12 m i) Weight of Damper Material 1.83 Kg/m INSULATOR DATA (Type:C6-1550): a. Height b. Max. Width c. Min. Width d Bus Cen. Line height above Insulator e. Weight Max. Wind Pressure(Pmax) Ambient air density(d) Wind Velocity(V)
(Single 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)
3.35 0.29 0.13 0.15 291
m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m

2 3
Kg/m m/s m/s
4 4 ( S/64 ).(Do - Di )
120 104 4433981.44 10.6525978 J/(DO/2) 73899.69067 4.509608754
mm mm mm4 in4 mm
3
mm3 in3
Conductor Wind Force (FW) = 2.132 x 10-4 CDKZGFV2 (DO+2r1) Where DO = Outer Diameter of Conductor r1 = Radial Ice thickness. CD KZ GF V Hence, FW = Drag coefficient (Ref. Table 1 of IEEE:605) = Height and exposure factor (Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) = Gust factor (Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = 7.48 lbf/ft
lbf/ft
m/s mi/h
Calculation for Short Circuit Current Unit Force: Short Circuit Current Unit Force (FSC) = 27.6* ISC2 /107(D) lbf/ft
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Hence,
FSC
Now, for a Rigid Bus Section of Equipment connection in a typical Line bay across the Equipment Bus in Coupling bay(as shown in the figure alongside) 1/8(3L1+4L2) LE = (Refer Table 5 of IEEE-605) = 31.98819 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L1) = 12 m = 39.37 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L2) = 10.5 m = 34.45 ft = 296.45 lbf Therefore FSB b. FWB Where, FWB LE FW Calculation for Bus Wind Force : = LE.FW lbf
12m ISO(Panto) L1
BPI Fig 1
10.5m CT L2

-5 2
lbf
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
ATTACHMENT-2 r1 CD KZ GF V = Radial Ice thickness = Drag coefficient = Height and exposure factor = Gust factor =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = = = = = = 0 inch 1 (For 'round conductor' as per Table 1 of IEEE:605) 1 (as per Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) 1.3 (as per Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) 33.79 m/s 75.59 mi/h
Therefore FWI
143.86 lbf
= =
31.99 ft 6.34 lbf/ft
2
Therefore fi As fi
281.23
daN
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
ATTACHMENT-3 CALCULATION OF CANTILEVER STRENGTH OF BUS POST INSULATOR SUPPORTING THE EQUIPMENT BUS AT TRANSFORMER & OHL BAY SYSTEM VOLTAGE ( IN KV. ): FAULT LEVEL( IK3 ) ( IN KA.): 400 31.5
TUBULAR BUS CONDUCTOR : a) Size : AlMgSi0.5F25 120 mm b) Outer dia. c) Thickness : 6 mm d) Weight 5.8 Kg/m e) conductor Young's Modulus 7.00E+10 N/m2 f) Conductor spacing 6.5 m N/mm2 g) Max Allowable stress 115 2 Kg/mm 11.72 h) Max. Span 12 m i) Weight of Damper Material 1.83 Kg/m INSULATOR DATA (Type:C6-1550): a. Height b. Max. Width c. Min. Width d Bus Cen. Line height above Insulator e. Weight Max. Wind Pressure(Pmax) Ambient air density(d) Wind Velocity(V)
(Single 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)
3.35 0.29 0.13 0.15 291
m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m

2 3
Kg/m m/s m/s
4 4 ( S/64 ).(Do - Di )
120 108 3498701.04 8.405595626 J/(DO/2) 58311.684 3.558375932
mm mm mm4 in4 mm
3
mm3 in3
Conductor Wind Force (FW) = 2.132 x 10-4 CDKZGFV2 (DO+2r1) Where DO = Outer Diameter of Conductor r1 = Radial Ice thickness. CD KZ GF V Hence, FW = Drag coefficient (Ref. Table 1 of IEEE:605) = Height and exposure factor (Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) = Gust factor (Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = 7.48 lbf/ft
lbf/ft
m/s mi/h
Calculation for Short Circuit Current Unit Force: Short Circuit Current Unit Force (FSC) = 27.6* ISC2 /107(D) lbf/ft
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
Hence,
FSC
Now, for a Rigid Bus Section of Equipment connection in a typical Line bay across the Equipment Bus in Transformer & OHL bay(as shown in the figure alongside) 1/8(3L1+4L2) LE = (Refer Table 5 of IEEE-605) = 27.88714 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L1) = 12 m = 39.37 ft Adjescent Bus Span (L2) = 8m = 26.25 ft = 258.45 lbf Therefore FSB b. FWB Where, FWB LE FW Calculation for Bus Wind Force : = LE.FW lbf
P 8m
12m ISO(Panto) L1
BPI
10.5m CB L2
Fig 1

-5 2
lbf
(4)-G77700-S0019-L061-A
ATTACHMENT-3 r1 CD KZ GF V = Radial Ice thickness = Drag coefficient = Height and exposure factor = Gust factor =Wind speed at 30ft. above ground = = = = = = 0 inch 1 (For 'round conductor' as per Table 1 of IEEE:605) 1 (As per Cl. 10.2 of IEEE:605) 1.3 (As per Cl. 10.3 of IEEE:605) 33.79 m/s 75.59 mi/h
Therefore FWI
143.86 lbf
= =
27.89 ft 5.13 lbf/ft
2
Therefore fi As fi
249.28
daN

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Project: MESNET IZALATORU MEKANIK HESAPLAR

Gilgel Gibe II PROJECT ETHIOPIA

400 kV SWITCHYARD DESIGN REPORTs & CALCULATIONs

Report on Calculations for Determination of Cantilever Strength of Bus Post Insulators

BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted

Siemens Power Engineering Pvt. Ltd.

BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted

BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted

12.4 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM

120 mm 8 mm 7.6 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM

120 mm 6 mm 5.8 Kg/m 1829.8 Kg/kM

4 Bus Post Insulator data

3350 mm 310 mm 140 mm 349 Kg 800 daN

3350 mm 290 mm 130 mm

BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted

291 Kg 600 daN

3350 mm 360 mm 160 mm 400 Kg 1250 daN

BPI Selection Design Report : Cantilever Strength Calculation Handling: Unrestricted

Siemens Power Engineering Pvt. Ltd.

S MESNET IZALATORU MEKANIK HESAPLAR

(Twin 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)

m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m2 Kg/m m/s m/s

(as per technical specification)

Sectional Modulus of the tube

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 1 OF 3

24m BPI L1 Fig 1 BPI

Therefore FWB c. FWI Where, FWI Hi Di D1 D2

Calculation for Insulator wind force: = 1.776 x 10 CDKZGFV (Di+2r1)Hi

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 2 OF 3

78.74 ft 10.79 lbf/ft

fi where, Ki g FGI FGB

Reqiured cantilever Strength of the Supporting Insulator =

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 3 OF 3

(Single 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)

3.35 0.29 0.13 0.15 291

m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m

(as per technical specification)

Kg/m m/s m/s

120 104 4433981.44 10.6525978 J/(DO/2) 73899.69067 4.509608754

Sectional Modulus of the tube

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 1 OF 3

Therefore FWB c. FWI Where, FWI Hi Di D1 D2

Calculation for Insulator wind force: = 1.776 x 10 CDKZGFV (Di+2r1)Hi

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 2 OF 3

31.99 ft 6.34 lbf/ft

fi where, Ki g FGI FGB

Reqiured cantilever Strength of the Supporting Insulator =

Gilgel Gibe II Hydroelectric Project Page 3 OF 3

(Single 954 CARDINAL ACSR Conductor)

3.35 0.29 0.13 0.15 291

m m m m Kg = = = = 700 0.613 1/2 (Pmax/d) 33.79 N/m

(as per technical specification)

Kg/m m/s m/s

120 108 3498701.04 8.405595626 J/(DO/2) 58311.684 3.558375932