Prot Appl & Syst Protection Solutions - Rev01

Luis-Fabiano Santos, Global Product Manager, Substation Automation Systems
Global sales program Protection applications and system solutions
ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 1
Bay protection solutions Protection applications and system solutions

Content
Fundamental aspects
Physical arrangements
Line protection concepts

Transformer protection concepts

Busbar protection concepts Communication and GOOSE in protection systems Trends and potentials Application example Disturbance recorder Retrofit of protection systems
Marketing and sales

Competitors in protection field
Bay protection solutions Fundamental aspects
Bay protection solutions The basic principles
The failure of any object in the network cannot be allowed to cause a permanent danger to people, animals, nature or other objects The damage to the faulted object shall be limited The disturbance on consumer-level shall be kept to a minimum
The protection system must present:
Selectivity
Speed
Reliability Dependability
Bay protection solutions The need for protection
Bay protection solutions The need for protection

35ms 100ms 500ms
Bay protection solutions Electromechanical relays
The first generation
Bay protection solutions Electronic (static) relays
The second generation
Bay protection solutions Micro-processed relays
Bay protection solutions Numerical relays
Tecnology based on microprocessors

High reliability
Self-supervision (watch-dog)
Multi-function protection capability, including control, monitoring, etc. Event and fault recorders Disturbance recorders Measurement A, V, kW, kVA, kVAr, kWh, kVAh, kVArh, PF, etc. Communication interfaces
Bay protection solutions IED Intelligent Electronic Devices
IEC 61850 compliant

Designed to communicate
Extensive function library and powerful hardware platform

Fast and reliable Ethernet communication Efficient engineering and handling
Bay protection solutions Standards and functional descriptions

IEC 61850 T2WPDIF T3WPDIF REFPDIF ANSI 87T 87T 87N Function description Transformer differential protection, two windings Transformer differential protection, three windings Restricted earth fault protection, low impedance IEC 61850 ANSI Function description
PDIF
PDIF PDIF PDIF
87L
87B 87G 87M
Line differential protection

Busbar differential protection Generator differential protection Motor (machine) differential protection
PHPIOC
OC4PTOC EFPIOC EF4PTOC RBRF PTUV PTOV
50
51/67 50N 51N/67N 50BF 27 59
Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection

Four step directional phase overcurrent protection Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection Four step directional residual overcurrent protection Breaker failure protection Undervoltage protection Overvoltage protection
PDIS
RPSB PPAM PTUC PTTR PTOC
21
68 78 37 49 46
Distance protection
Power swing detection Out-of-step protection Undercurrent protection Thermal overload protection Negative sequence based overcurrent function
PTOV
PTUF PTOF
59N
81 (U) 81 (O)
Residual overvoltage protection

Underfrequency Overfrequency
RSYN
RREC PTRC
25
79 94
Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing

Autoreclose Tripping logic
Bay protection solutions Examples of functionalities
Bay protection solutions Protection requirements

87B 87B
87T
BU
BU
BU
87T
21
21
87L
87L
Traditional protection requirements Fast clearance of faults
Reliable fault isolation Avoid heavy damages to primary and secondary equipment Prevent cascading trips & keep power losses small Maintain maximum power availability Reliable protections schemes to achieve maximum security
New additional requirements Optimized, pre-designed protection solutions from distribution to EHV Flexible realization of protection philosophy and schemes

Scalable hardware and functionality Fully modeled schemes according IEC 61850 and efficient integration into IEC 61850compliant systems Convenient selection, simple ordering and fast delivery
Bay protection solutions Protection requirements

87B 87B
87T
BU
BU
BU
87T
21
21
87L
87L
Typical applications
Typical functions
Generation, transmission, subtransmission and distribution levels Unit and/or non-unit protections Time-graded protections as backup
87T (PDIF) : Transformer differential protection
87B (PDIF) : Busbar differential protection

21 (PDIS) : Line distance protection 87L (PDIF) : Line differential protection
Bay protection solutions The protection must be adapted to

The network
Solidly earthed
Neutral impedance
Neutral grounding
Solidly, neutral impedance, resonant, isolated
Autoreclosure
Tripping time Out-of-step tripping/blocking Substation arrangement High resistive faults The object itself
3-pole, 1-pole single-pole tripping capability

Network stability, cable thermal capability Network stability Single bus, double bus, 1 breaker Fire, sand-storms, fast-growing plants, desert, rocky ground, snow Line, transformer, generator, reactor, etc.

Transmission lines
QB1 QB2
QB1 QB2
QB1
QB2
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
BU1
BU1
BU1
medium
Long overhead line

Short overhead line Cables
Phase selection, impedance reach, Communication schemes Danger of overreach (POTT, blocking, differential, communication links) Inaccurate zero-sequence impedance (Differential, POTT)
Compensation devices Parallel lines

Weak end Infeed
Series or parallel compensation Fault current reversal

Echo logic
short
long

Power transformers
QB1 QB2
QB1 QB2
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
BI6
BI6
BI5
BI7
BI7
Number of windings Bus arrangement Transformers with tertiary Number of tanks Tap-changer
Two or three Single bus, double bus or 1 breaker Tertiary loaded or not loaded One 3-phase tank or one tank per phase (+ spare) Regulation range
Cooling
Connection group Neutral grounding
Forced ONAF or natural ONAN

Zero-sequence current suppression Max. allowed zero-sequence current, grounding transformers

Busbars
QB1 QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
BU1
BU1
BU1
BI6
BI6
medium
short
long
BI5
BI7
BI7
Types of substations Operating principle Types of earthing Security High speed operation Availability of CT cores
Single bus, double bus or 1 beaker High/medium impedance, low impedance Solidly earthed, low imped., high imped., etc. Undervoltage release, overcurrent release High impedance 5P, TPX, Class X, ANSI C Class.
Substation Automation Systems Allocation of Functions

Functional allocation

Station automation Monitoring Fault evaluation Event and alarm viewing and acknowledgement Remote communication for telecontrol and supervision Protection Control Monitoring Interlocking Data acquisition GIS or AIS switchgear Instrument transformers Power transformers Surge arresters Non-conventional transformers
Bay Level
Station Level
Process Level
Modern bay protection solutions Requirements

Traditional protection requirements Fast clearance of faults Reliable fault isolation Avoid heavy damage to primary and secondary equipment Prevent cascading trips and minimizes power losses Maintain maximum power availability Reliable protection schemes to achieve maximum security New additional requirements Optimized, standard protection solutions for applications from Distribution to EHV Flexible realization of protection philosophy and schemes Scalable hardware and functionality Fully modeled schemes compliant with IEC 61850 for efficient integration into IEC 61850compliant systems Convenient selection, simple ordering and fast delivery
Modern bay protection solutions meet all traditional protection requirements and are ready for future requirements
RESP07 Protection and control panel

The RESP panel can be ordered to the following specifications: Size (variable width): 2000 x 800 x 800 / 1200 / 1600 mm 2200 x 800 x 800 / 1200 / 1600 mm Protection class: IP54 Color: RAL 7032 or RAL 7035 Heating / thermostat / light Hygrostat Wiring of control, signal and VT circuits 1.5 or 2.5 mm2 Wiring of CT circuits 2.5 or 4 mm2 Wiring PVC Halogen-free Wire markers Spare terminal blocks Any other panel type or panel requirement can be applied on request
Example Bay protection solutions

Bus coupler
QB1 QB2
Line
QB1 QB2
QB1
Line
QB2
Line
QB1 QB2
Transformer
QB1 QB2
Transformer
QB1 QB2
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
medium
BU1
BU1
BU1
BI6
BI6
short
long
BI5
BI7
BI7
Process connections
IEC61850-8-1 M1 / Group 1 M2 / Group 2 Panel Interconnections
Busbar
Solution 1
Solution 2
Solution 3
Solution 4
Solution 5
Solution 6
Bay protection solutions Physical arrangements
Bay protection solutions Redundant scheme with main 1 and main 2

Battery 1
Trip, Fault-type1) 1-or 3-pole trip allowed Trip, Fault-type1) 1-or 3-pole trip allowed
1)
Battery 2
Main 1
AR
Main 2
Close Position, O-C-O, C-O Trip 2 Position for DEF2)
Trip 1 Position for DEF 2)
Start and trip, fault-type or trip, fault-type

2) Alternatively,
block DEF for 1-pole AR
Bay protection solutions Scheme with main and backup (reduced redundancy)
Battery 1
Trip, Fault-type1) 1-or 3-pole trip allowed Close Position, O-C-O, C-O Trip 2
Battery 2
Main 1
AR
Backup
delayed
2)
Trip 1 Position for DEF
3-pole trip delayed, without AR
1)
Start and trip, fault-type or trip, faulttype

2) Alternatively,
Block DEF for 1-pole AR
Bay protection solutions Scheme with main and stand-by (reduced redundancy)
Battery 1
Trip, Fault-type1) 1-or 3-pole trip allowed
Battery 2
Stand-by
AR
Instantaneous functions
normally blocked, released if Main is out of function
Backup
Delayed functions
always active
Main
Trip 1 Position for DEF
2)
Main out of function
Close Position, O-C-O, C-O Trip 2
3-pole trip, without AR
1)
Start and trip, fault-type or trip, faulttype

2) Alternatively,
Block DEF for 1-pole AR
Bay protection solutions Physical arrangements for P&C panels

Arrangement 1 Arrangement 2 Arrangement 3 Arrangement 4
Main 1 Main 2 Control Main 1 Main 2 Control Main 1 Main 2 Control Main 1 Main 2 Control
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Arrangement 5
Arrangement 6
Arrangement 7
Arrangement 8
Main 1
Main2 / Control
Main 1 Main 2 / Control
Main 1 Control 1
Main 2 Control 2
Main 1 / Control 1
Main 2 / Control 2
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Integration of protection and control in the same IED

Redundant control
Redundant control integrated with protection
Bay protection solutions Centralized busbar protection

=QB1
=QB1 =QB1 =QB1 =QB1 =QB1 =QA1 =QA1 =QA1 =QA1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
Main 1 Main 2
Main 1 Main 2
Main 1 Main 2
BBP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Distributed busbar protection

=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1 =QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
Main 1 Main 2 Bay Unit
Central Unit
Bay Unit
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Busbar bay unit with main 2 functionality
Central Unit
Bay Unit
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Main 1
Main 1
Main 1
Central Unit
Main 2 / Bay Unit
Main 2 / Bay Unit
Main 2 / Bay Unit
Bay Unit
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Distributed busbar protection: main 1 + main + control

=QB1
=QB1 =QA1 =QA1 =QA1 =QA1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
87B REB500 Central Unit
Main 1 REL670 Main 2 REL670 Control REC670 Bay Unit REB500
Main 1 RET670 Main 2 RET670 Control REC670 Bay Unit REB500
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Distributed busbar protection: main 1 + main 2 + control

=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
87B REB500Sys Central Unit
Main 1 REL670 Main 2 / BU REB500 Control REC670
Main 1 RET670 Main 2 / BU REB500 Control REC670
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Centralized busbar protection: main 1 + main 2 + control

=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
87B REB670
Main 1 REL670 Main 2 REL670 Control REC670
Main 1 RET670 Main 2 RET670 Control REC670
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Distributed busbar protection: main 1 + main 2 & control
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
87B REB500 Central Unit
Main 1 REL670 Main 2 & C REL670
Main 1 RET670 Main 2 & C RET670
Bay Unit REB500
Bay Unit REB500
Bay Unit REB500
Bay Unit REB500
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Centralized busbar protection: main 1 + main 2 & control
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
87B REB670
Main 1 RET670 Main 2 & C RET670
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solutions Line protection concepts
Bay protection solutions Line protection

Line differential protection
Uk
Fault
Line distance protection

Z K = Uk / Ik
Phase-Phase Loop Phase-to-Earth Loop
Series compensation
E ph1 I ph1 K N 3I 0 Z 0 Z1 3 Z1
Zk
Fault
Zm
IK Uk=0
B
E ph1 E ph2 I ph1 I ph2
Zm
KN
A 21
A 87L
IA
IB
87L
A 21
K C = XC / XL
Cartesian plan
X Idiff
Distance quadrilateral
X ZZ2 ZZ2
Distance mho
ZZ2
I diff I A I B
Operate
ZZ1
ZZ1
Restraint Irest
I rest
I A IB 2
-rca R
Protection Full scheme Phase selection Power swing Teleprotection
ZZ1
Protection Full scheme Phase selection Power swing Teleprotection

R
-rca R
Characteristics:
Excellent tripping time <25 ms Completely phase segregated measurement Extremely stable for external faults Very good sensitivity for internal faults Flexible communication configuration Low CT requirements, and different CT ratio Dual slope stabilization Minimum operate current 10-150% Transfer trip can be sent to all terminals
Characteristics:
Possible to set resistive and reactive reach independently for positive and zero sequence fault loops Possible to set individual fault resistance settings for phase-phase and phase-earth fault together Load encroachment algorithm improves the probability of detecting high resistive faults without conflicting with the load impedance
Characteristics:
The use of load a encroachment algorithm improves the probability of detecting high resistive faults without conflicting with the load impedance Possible to use the phase-to-earth quadrilateral impedance characteristic together with the mho characteristic increases the probability of overcoming potential desensitization of the mho element due to the shaping of the curve at remote end faults.
Benefits:
Increase power transfer Increase stability limit etc.

Challenges:
Current inversion Voltage Inversion Transients (SC, MOV, Spark Gap) etc.

Bay protection solutions The need for teleprotection schemes

Zone 2 Zone 1 Busbar A Busbar B
t = 0 ms Zone 2
Zone 1
t = 300 ms
ZZ2
ZZ2
Line distance protection B Typical impedance settings:

ZZ1
Typical time settings:
Zone 1 = 80% of ZL
Zone 2 = 120% of ZL
Time Zone 1 = 0 ms (instantaneous)

Time Zone 2 = 300 400 ms (time delayed)
ZZ1
Bay protection solutions Permissive schemes
Underreach
Permissive
Permission to trip, instantaneously
The permission is sent by underreach zone
Overreach
The permission is sent by overreach zone

Bay protection solutions Permissive underreach

Zone 2 Zone 1 Busbar A Busbar B
send
Telecom
receive
&
Zone 1
TRIP
Zone 2
Zone 1 Zone 3
Zone 2
t t
1 1
TRIP
Zone 3
Bay protection solutions Line differential protection
Busbar A
Busbar B
IA
Comm
Telecom
Comm
IB
TRIP
Idiff
TRIP
I diff I A I B
Idiff
I diff I A I B
Operate
Operate
Restraint Irest
I rest
I A IB 2
I rest
I A IB 2
Restraint Irest
Bay protection solutions Typical functionality (1)

Line protection
=QB1 =QB1
Protection concept Group 1 Group 2 Backup
Main functions
=QA1
Short line/cables (<30 km)

=QB9 =QC9
Longitudinal per phase differential protection

Thermal overload (for cables only)
=Q1
Medium line Longitudinal per phase differential protection Distance protection with associated functions Directional earth-fault protection with communication logic Long line Distance protection with associated functions
High-speed zone
Directional earth-fault protection with communication logic
Bay protection solutions Typical functionality (2)

Line protection
=QB1 =QB1
Protection concept Group 1 Group 2 Backup
Main functions
Common functions Zone extension in distance protection
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
Fault locator Definite time phase O/C protection
=Q1
Inverse time phase O/C protection

Broken conductor check function E/F overcurrent backup protection Autoreclose (1/3 phase )
Synchrocheck with voltage selection for double busbar

Overvoltage function Disturbance recorder (basic) Event recording Trip circuit supervision relays
Relion product family
One common tool for all Relion products, protection and control IED manager PCM600
Covers all applications, from interconnected transmission grids to secondary distribution kiosks

Generation, transmission and subtransmission applications Power distribution and industrial applications
Application
Feeder protection & control Bay control
Type
REF REC
670 series 650 series 630 series 615 series 610 series 605 series

Transformer protection
Line distance protection Line differential protection Motor protection Generator protection Busbar protection
RET
REL RED REM REG REB
Breaker protection
Voltage protection
REQ
REU
Line distance protection REL670 and REL650

REL670
Full scheme distance protection with 5 zones, supporting series compensation

Versatile backup protection
Quadrilateral and mho characteristics

X ZZ2 X ZZ2
Autoreclose and synchrocheck

Scheme communication Selective single-phase and three-phase tripping IEC 61850-8-1, DNP 3.0, IEC 60870-5103, LON and SPA protocols Full scheme distance protection with 5 zones
ZZ1
ZZ1
-rca R
-rca R
REL650
Application example
110 kV 110 kV 400 kV

Autoreclose and synchrocheck Scheme communication Single-phase and three-phase tripping IEC 61850-8-1, DNP 3.0 protocols
Line differential protection RED670

RED670
Phase-segregated differential protection for 2terminal and multi-terminal lines for up to 5 line ends Direct fiber-optic link between relays (3 to 100 km) With / without transformers in the protected zone Binary signal transfer to remote end Redundant communication possibility GPS time synchronization in route switched networks Dual CT inputs for enhanced through-fault stability Long lines with charging current compensation Non-directional E/F over-current protection Full scheme distance protection as back-up Large library of backup functions
Feeder protection REF630 and RED615

REF630
Full scheme distance protection with 3 zones

Application example
=QB1
Autoreclose and synchrocheck

Three-phase tripping IEC 61850-8-1, DNP 3.0 protocols
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
RED615
Phase segregated line differential protection with two stages
Application example
Three-phase non-directional overcurrent, directional/non-directional earth fault, BFP, thermal, autoreclose as option IEC 61850, DNP3.0, IEC 870-5-103, Modbus
Binary signal transfer between the IEDs in the substations (located apart from each other)
Bay protection solution Transmission, medium Lines, differential/distance with AR

Feeder voltage level Functionality / protection concept Relay hardware Bay protection solution
Main 1
Line bay single / double bus

BB I BB II QB 1 QB 2
protection IEC ANSI PDIF 87L PDIS 21 PTOC 51/67N PTOC 51/67 PIOC 50/50N PTOV 59/59N RPSB 78 PSOF SOTF PTRC 94 RDRE 95DR GGIO DTT Main 2 protection IEC ANSI PDIS 21,85 PTOC 51/67N PTOC 51/67 PIOC 50/50N PTOV 59/59N RPSB 78 PSOF SOTF PTTR 49 PTRC 94 RDRE 95DR GGIO DTT
Add on package
Option package IEC RSYN RREC ANSI 25 79
Main 1 RED670 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 6 analog voltage inputs 6 analog current inputs 1 C37.94 : 3 km 100 km
QA 1
Option package IEC RSYN RREC ANSI 25 79
BI 1 BI 2 BI 3 BI 4
Main 2 REL670 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 6 analog voltage inputs 6 analog current inputs 1 C37.94 : 3 km 100 km
BU 1
busbar & breaker failure protection IEC ANSI PDIF 87B RBRF 50/62BF PTOC 51EFP RDRE 95DR PTRC 94
Add on package general IEC 27 69 ANSI TCS Latch
Bay unit REB500 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 6 analog voltage inputs 6 analog current inputs
Bay protection solutions for transmission systems Example for line protection
Line protection application
Transmission Application IED Main protection functions ANSI
87L, 21(3Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79M, 79F, 25M, 25F
Typical hardware Physical

19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default)
IEC61850
PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
Communication
Main 1
RED670 1xCB - 1pTrip
1xOEM-IEC61850 1xLDCM-C37.94
Short line
Main 2
RED670 1xCB - 1pTrip 87L, 21(3Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79M, 79F, 25M, 25F 1xOEM-IEC61850 1xLDCM-C37.94
Main 1
RED670 1xCB - 1pTrip
87L, 21(3Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79M, 79F, 25M, 25F
Medium line
Main 2
REL670 QuadDist-1CB-1pTrip 21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25 PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
1xOEM-IEC61850
Main 1
REL670 QuadDist-1CB-1pTrip
21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
1xOEM-IEC61850
Long line
Main 2
REL670 QuadDist-1CB-1pTrip 21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
1xOEM-IEC61850
Bay protection solutions for subtransmission and distribution Example for line protection
Transformer protection application
Subtransmission and distribution Application IED RED615
1-CB, 3-pole trip
Main protection functions ANSI IEC61850

4U 179.8mm casing, 1 PSM (6BO), 1 BIO (8BI,4BO), 1 BIO (6BI, 3BO), 1 TRM (4I + 1U, 3BI) 4U 179.8mm casing, 1 PSM (6BO), 1 BIO (8BI,4BO), 1 TRM (4I + 1U, 3BI) 4U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 1 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (5I + 4U) 4U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 1 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (5I + 4U) 6U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 2 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1TRM 5I + 5U 6U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 2 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1TRM 5I + 5U
Communication
Main 1
87L, 50, 51, 49, 50/62BFP, 79
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTTR, RBRF
1xIEC61850
Short / medium lines

Backup REF615
1-CB, 3-pole trip 67N, 50, 51, 49 PIOC, PTOC, PTTR
1xIEC61850
Main 1
REF630
1-CB, 3-pole trip
21(3Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
PDIS, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
1xIEC61850
Medium / long lines

Backup
REF630
1-CB, 3-pole trip
67N, 50, 51, 49
PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR
1xIEC61850
Main 1
REL650
1-CB, 3-pole trip
21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
1xIEC61850
Long lines
Main 2 REL650
1-CB, 3-pole trip 21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
1xIEC61850
Bay protection solutions Transformer protection concepts
Bay protection solutions Transformer protection

Typical functionality

Two- and three-winding applications Stabilization of up to six inputs Inrush current stabilization
Second harmonic
Waveform
Fifth harmonic stabilization at overvoltage

Sensitivity influenced by tap changer position Selectable subtraction of zero sequence currents
Transformer protection and control Simplified functional scheme

AIM
A/D Conversion, Scaling with CT and VT ratio & Pre-Filtering
NUM
BOM
Ia, Ib, Ic
PDIF
DFF in Primary values
OLTC
PTOC
PTOV
Ia, Ib, Ic
Trip Block
BO
Trip
Ua, Ub, Uc
PTOC
PTOV
etc..
increase, decrease tap signals, alarms position
BIM BI
1
Typical functional allocation Single and double bus stations

Two-winding transformer
=QB1 =QB1
Protection concept Group 1
Main functions
Biased differential protection
Group 2
Backup
=QA1
Phase overcurrent protection (primary and secondary)

Thermal overload (primary and/or secondary) Restricted earth-fault, high impedance (primary)
=Q3
Restricted earth-fault, high impedance (secondary star/star) Overfluxing protection Overvoltage protection Overcurrent backup protection (primary and secondary) Logic for Buchholz
Logic for winding, oil temperature, etc.
Typical functional allocation Single and double bus stations

Three-winding transformer
=QB1 =QB1
Protection concept Group 1
Main functions
Biased differential protection
Group 2
Backup
=QA1
Phase overcurrent protection (primary and secondary)

Thermal overload (primary and/or secondary) Restricted earth-fault, high impedance (primary)
=Q3
Restricted earth-fault, high impedance (secondary star/star) Overfluxing protection Overvoltage protection Overcurrent backup protection (primary and secondary) Tertiary neutral overcurrent protection (unloaded tertiary)
Logic for Buchholz

Logic for winding, oil temperature, etc.
One common tool for all Relion products, protection and control IED manager PCM600

Generation, transmission and subtransmission applications Power distribution and industrial applications
Application
Type
REF REC

RET
REL RED REM REG REB
Breaker protection
Voltage protection
REQ
REU
Transformer protection RET670 and RET650

RET670
Fast and secure transformer differential protection function:

Application examples for RET670
for 2-windings with 4-restraint inputs for 3-windings with 6-restraint inputs
Low and/or high impedance restricted earthfault protection. Distance protection and backup protection Automatic voltage control for up to eight transformers Apparatus control for up to 30 objects Transformer differential protection function
RET650
Application examples for RET650
for 2-windings with 2-restraint inputs
for 3-windings with 3-restraint inputs
Low impedance restricted earth fault protection.
Integrated back-up protection (OC, EF, OV, THOL, OVEX, etc.)

Automatic voltage control for one or two transformers within one IED Universal 1A/5A CT input
Transformer protection RET630 and RET615

RET630
Two-winding transformer differential protection with stabilized restricted earthfault protection

Backup protection: non-directional overcurrent and non-directional earth-fault Completed with negative sequence overcurrent and thermal overload protection, over and under-voltage protection IEC 61850, DNP3.0 Three-phase stabilized and instantaneous transformer differential protection for twowinding transformers Numerical stabilized low impedance restricted earth-fault protection or high impedance based restricted earth-fault protection Three-phase non-directional overcurrent, non-directional earth fault, BFP, Thermal, IEC 61850, DNP3.0, IEC 870-5-103, Modbus
Application example
RET615
Application example
Bay protection solution Transmission, 3w transformer

Feeder voltage level
Functionality / protection concept
Relay hardware
Bay protection solution
Group 1
Trafo bay single / double bus

BB I BB II QB 1 QB 2
protection IEC PDIF PTOC PIOC PTTR PTRC RDRE GGIO ANSI 87T 51/67 50/50N 49 94 95DR DTT
Add-on package IEC ANSI GGIO Guard
Group 1 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 3 analog voltage inputs 9 analog current inputs
Group 2
QA 1
protection IEC PTOC PTOC PIOC PVPH PTOV PTRC RDRE GGIO ANSI 51/67N 51/67 50 24 59 94 95DR DTT
Add-on package IEC PDIF HV PDIF MV GGIO ANSI 87N 87N Guard
BI 1 BI 2 BI 3 BI 4 BI 5
Group 2 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 3 analog voltage inputs 9 analog current inputs
Add-on package Busbar and breaker failure protection IEC PDIF RBRF PTOC RDRE PTRC ANSI 87B 50/62BF 51EFP 95DR 94 Add-on package general IEC 27 ANSI TCS
BI 6 BI 7 BU 1
Bay unit 16 binary inputs, 24 binary outputs, 6 analog voltage inputs 6 analog current inputs
Bay protection solutions for transmission systems Example for transformer protection
Transformer Protection Application
Transmission Application IED RET670 Group 1
4CTset-2wdg-1CB LowImpREF

PDIF, PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, PVPH

19 casing, 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xTRM 9I + 3U (Default)
Communication
87T, 87N, 50, 51, 59, 49, 24
1xIEC61850
Two-windings
RET670 Group 2
4CTset-2wdg-1CB LowImpREF 87T, 87N, 50, 51, 59, 49, 24 PDIF, PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, PVPH 19 casing, 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xTRM 9I + 3U (Default) 1xIEC61850
RET670 Group 1
87T, 50, 51, 49, 24, 87N(HV), 87N(LV)
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTTR, PVPH, PDIF
19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,2xTRM 9I + 3U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,2xTRM 9I + 3U ( Default)
1xIEC61850
Three-windings
RET670
Group 2
87T, 50, 51, 49, 24, 87N(HV), 87N(LV)
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTTR, PVPH, PDIF
1xIEC61850
RET670 Group 1
Auto-Trafo-highImp per phase
87T, 50, 51, 59, 24, 49, 50/62BFP, 52PD
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, PVPH, RBRF, RPLD
1xIEC61850
Autotransformers
RET670
Group 2
Auto-Trafo-highImp per phase 87T, 50, 51, 59, 24, 49, 50/62BFP, 52PD
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, PVPH, RBRF, RPLD
1xIEC61850
Bay protection solutions for subtransmission and distribution Example for transformer protection
Subtransmission and distribution Application IED RET630
2-wdg. 1-CB

4U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 1 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (8I + 2U) 4U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 1 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (5I + 4U) 6U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 2 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (6I + 4U), 1 AIM (6I + 4U) 6U 19 casing, 1 COM (14BI), 1 PSM (9BO), 2 BIO (9BI, 9BO), 1 TRM (6I + 4U), 1 AIM (6I + 4U) (Default)
Communication
Group 1
87T, 87N, 50, 51, 49, 50/62BFP, 27, 59
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTTR, PVPH, RBRF
1xIEC61850
Two-windings
Backup REF630
single S/s, 1-CB 67N, 50, 51, 49 PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR 1xIEC61850
Group 1
RET650
3-wdg. 1-CB
87T, 50, 51, 49, 50/62BFP
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTTR, PVPH, RBRF
1xIEC61850
Three-windings
Group 2
RET650
3-wdg. 1-CB 87N, 50, 51, 50N, 51N, 24, 27, 59, 59N PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV
1xIEC61850
Bay protection solutions Busbar protection concepts
Bay protection solutions Busbar protection

Typical functionalities
Typical busbar arrangements

Single busbar Double busbar 1 breaker
Differential protection with internal zone selection Check zone Circuit breaker failure for each CT input Overcurrent protection for each CT input
Typical protection zones
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
Zone 1 for busbar 1 Zone 2 for busbar 2

Busbar protection Basic operating principles

Diff. low impedance Diff. high impedance Reverse blocking logic Overcurrent
IEC61850 GOOSE
Operating Principle:
The differential protection is based on amperebalance by comparing currents entering and leaving the protected zone - A differential characteristic for operating and restraint quantities is usually applied
-
Operating Principle:
The principle is based on the CT secondary current circulating between involved current transformers and not through the relay, due to its high impedance, which is normally in the range of hundreds of ohms and sometimes above a kOhm
Operating principle:
The downstream IED sends a reverse blocking GOOSE message to the upstream IED for external faults. For internal faults the downstream IED does not send the reverse blocking GOOSE message, and the upstream IED can operate almost instantaneously.
Operating principle:
CTs are simply summed Overcurrent based with no interlocking
-
Characteristics:
Stabilized differential protection - CT match by software - Centralized or decentralized
-
Characteristics:
Stabilizing resistor and varistor - Can be used when the involved CT cores have the same turn ratio and similar magnetizing characteristics - Three functions can be used to provide a three-phase differential protection - Centralized
-
Characteristics:
Instantaneous operation of upstream IED is difficult to coordinate without logics with downstream IED - Reverse blocking was based on hardwired I/Os - Reverse blocking can use GOOSE messages
-
Characteristics:
Used in past Low cost solution - Very sensitive to CT saturation
-
Solutions:
REB670 for centralized - REB500 for decentralized
-
Solutions: - RET670 - REC670 - REL670 - REG670 - RED670
Solutions:
All Relion product family - 630 Series and 615 Series are used in distribution, where this solution may fit well - 630 Series and 615 Series are more cost effective
-
Solutions:
This solution is not recommended, since better performance can be achieved by simple application of GOOSE messages
One common tool for all Relion products: protection and control IED Manager, PCM600

Generation, transmission and sub-transmission applications Power distribution and industrial applications
Application
Type
REF REC

RET
REL RED REM REG REB
Breaker protection
Voltage protection
REQ
REU
Busbar protection Relion and REB500/REB500sys

Decentralized (87B) Centralized (87B) Overcurrent (50)
REB500 / REB500sys
Central unit
REB670
A A,B,C
Three phase One phase
REF630 / REF615
B C
Busbar Protection
Bay units
REB500 60 bay units BU03 32 protections zones
3-Phase version Two measuring zones CBF & OC 4 or 8 bays 1-Phase version Two measuring zones CBF & OC 12 or 24 bays
630 Series Busbar protection based on reverse blocking (logic selectivity) by GOOSE messages and overcurrent 615 Series Busbar protection based on reverse blocking (logic selectivity) by GOOSE messages and overcurrent
REB500sys REB500 + bay protection Possibility: 21, 25, 79, 67/67N, 87T, 49, 50/51, 27, 59, 46/47
Functionalities Breaker failure protection End-fault protection Overcurrent protection Pole discrepancy protection Neutral current detection Event recording: 1000 (CU), 100 (BU) Disturbance recording Communication interface (IEC61850-8-1, IEC60870-5-103, LON, TCP/IP)
Functionalities 4-stage, OC protection for each CT input (one stage can be used for end-fault protection) Disturbance recorder Event and trip value recorder Event List 1000 signals Communication (IEC 61850-8-1, SPA, LON, IEC 103, DNP3.0)
Functionalities The choice of 630 series or 615 series depends on other requirements from the feeder specification Hardware and functionalities could be different, but busbar protection principle based on GOOSE messages and overcurrent are strictly the same
Centralized busbar protection REB670

REB670
Centralized busbar protection

3-Phase version, two measuring zones

Breaker failure protection End-fault protection
CBF & OC 4 or 8 bays
Overcurrent protection
Event recording
1-Phase version, two measuring zones

Disturbance recording
IEC 61850-8-1, DNP 3.0, IEC 60870-5103, LON and SPA protocols
CBF & OC
12 or 24 bays One terminal per phase
2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 T1 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Installations 1-2 busbars incl. transfer bus 1 breaker configuration 24 bays 2 protections zones Hardware Options or 19 rack Single- or three-phase version
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Distributed busbar protection REB500

REB500
Decentralized busbar protection

Installations

Breaker failure protection End-fault protection
1 4 busbars incl. transfer bus 1 breaker configuration 60 bay units BU03 32 protections zones
Overcurrent protection
Pole discrepancy protection
Neutral current detection

Event recording Disturbance recording Test generator
IEC61850-8-1, IEC60870-5-103, LON, TCP/IP
2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 T1 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Hardware options
Bay unit and central unit with optional redundant power supply
Central unit with optional 2nd I/O board
1 2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 T1 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Q0 T1
Distributed station protection REB500sys

REB500sys
REB500sys functionality = REB500 +

Distance protection (21) Auto-reclose (79), synchrocheck (25) Directional sensitive EF prot. for grounded systems (67N), ungrounded or compensated systems (32N) Transformer differential protection 2-/3 w & Auto Transformer (87T) and Thermal overload (49) Over and undercurrent protection (50), Definite / Inverse time over and undercurrent protection (51), inverse time earth fault overcurrent protection (51N) Definite time over and undervoltage protection (59/27), directional overcurrent definite / inverse time protection (67) Current / voltage unbalance (46/47)
Main 1 Main 2 Bay unit
Main 1
Optimized solution
Main 2 / Bay unit
The bay protection works completely independently of the central unit

TRIP
TRIP
Bay protection solution Transmission, double busbar

Feeder voltage Level
Functionality / protection concept
Relay hardware
Bay protection solution
=QB1
=QA1
Central Unit IEC PDIF ANSI 87B

=QB1
Central unit 19 casing 12 BI 9 BO
=QB9
=Q1 =Q2 =Q3
=QC9
=QB1
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
Bay Unit
=QB1 =QB1 =QB1 =QB1 =QA1 =QB1 =QA1
IEC RBRF PTOC PIOC
ANSI 50/62BF 51 EFP 51
Bay unit 4I standard 20 BI 16 BO
Bay protection solutions for transmission systems Example for busbar protection
Transmission Application IED REB500 Central unit
Central Unit 2-30 bay units 87B PDIF 19 casing 1xIEC61850
Typical hardware Physical Communication
Decentralized
REB500 Bay unit
Bay Unit 4CTs Diff-BFP 87B, 50/51, 50BF, 95DR PDIF, PTOC, RBRF, RDRE (classic) or 1/3 (standalone) 19 casing to central unit
Three-phase
REB670
Busbar-diff-central-3p
87B, 50/51, 50BF, 95DR
PDIF, PTOC, RBRF, RDRE
19 casing (2-TRMs), 2 BIM, 1 BOM, 2TRM 12I
1xIEC61850
Centralized
REB670 Single-phase
Central-1p-Busbar diff (3units) 87B, 50/51, 50BF, 95DR PDIF, PTOC, RBRF, RDRE 19 casing (1-TRM), 2 BIM, 1 BOM, 1 TRM 12I 1xIEC61850
Bay protection solutions Communication and GOOSE
Bay protection solutions Conventional hardwired
Protection Control
Protection Control
Protection Control
Marshalling
Marshalling
Marshalling
Station bus hardwired
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QA1
=QA1 =QA1
=QB9
=QB9
Bay protection solutions IEC 61850 station bus with GOOSE messages
IEC 61850 station bus
GOOSE messages GOOSE messages
Protection Control
Protection Control
Protection Control
Marshalling
Marshalling
Marshalling
Station bus hardwired
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QB1
=QB2
=QA1
=QA1 =QA1
=QB9
=QB9
Bay protection solutions GOOSE messages

SCADA
Engineering
GPS
Switch Switch
Bay protection solutions Trends and potentials
Bay protection solutions Trends on functional allocation

Source: Cigr
Bay protection solutions The data model
All devices (primary and secondary) in the substation can be represented by virtual model
Physical (real) Abstract (virtual)
Trip Circuit breaker Pos Pos XCBR - Pos - stVal Relig
Protection relay PTOC - Op. - general
Protection relay RREC - Op. - general
PTRC - Tr - general
Trip
Bay protection solutions The free allocation of functions
HMI
HMI
Comand
Reports position
Control relay
Comand
Reports trip
Protection relay
Reports position
Protection Relay
Reports trip
CSWI
PTOC
CSWI
PTOC
XCBR
XCBR
TCTR
XCBR
TCTR
Conventional wiring
Conventional wiring
Conventional wiring
Conventional wiring
Conventional wiring
Bay protection solutions Application example
Bay protection solutions Application example for transmission system

Technical specification

Voltage level 220kV, double busbar GIS station
1 x decentralized busbar protection

1 x medium line, main 1 and main 2 in the same panel
1 x long line, main 1 and main 2 in the same panel

1 x two winding transformer, group 1 and group 2 in the same panel
Control devices integrated into local control cubicles
Bay protection solutions Hardware choice

Bay Protection and Control Solutions Transmission Application
Main 1
Main Protection Functions IED ANSI

87L, 21(3Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79M, 79F, 25M, 25F
Typical Hardware Physical

19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM,1xTRM 6I + 6U ( Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default) 19 casing 1xBIM, 1xBOM, 1xIOM, 1xTRM 6I + 6U (Default)
IEC61850
PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
Communication
RED670 1xCB -1pTrip
Medium line
Main 2
REL670 1xCB -1pTrip
21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25 PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN 1xOEM-IEC61850 1xLDCM-C37.94
Main 1
REL670 1xCB -1pTrip
21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25
PDIF, PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN
Long line
Main 2 REL670 1xCB-1pTrip
21(5Z), 67N, 85, 50, 51, 59, 49, 79, 25 PDIS, PDSE, PSCH, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR, RREC, RSYN 1xOEM-IEC61850
Group 1
RET670 1xCB-3pTrip
87T, 87N, 50/51, 50/51N, 59, 49
PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR
1xOEM-IEC61850
Transformer
Group 2 RET670 1xCB-3pTrip
87T, 87N, 50/51, 50/51N, 59, 49 PDIF, PIOC, PTOC, PTOV, PTTR 1xOEM-IEC61850
Central Unit
REB500 1 x Unit
87B
PDIF
1xIEC61850
Busbar
Bay Units REB500 4 x Units
50/51, 50/51N, 50/62BF PIOC, PTOC, RBRF to Central Unit
Bay protection and control solutions Bay protection configuration
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1 =QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
Bay protection and control solutions Bay control configuration
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1
=QB1 =QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q2
=Q3
Luis-Fabiano Santos, Global Product Management, Substation Automation Systems
Bay Protection Solutions Disturbance Recorder

Bay Protection Solutions Disturbance Recorders
Basics
Centralized and Distributed Solutions
The Use of GOOSE Messages

Solutions Available in the Market
Disturbance Recorder Basics
The disturbance recorder captures the curve forms of the monitored quantities of the supervised object, both under normal service conditions and when the protection relay operates.
Monitoring of the maximum and minimum values also makes the disturbance recorder suitable for analyzing network operation quantities, for instance, under certain unnormal loading or voltage conditions. The disturbance recorder thus offers a way to collect basic information about a certain network object. This information facilitates network planning and operation.
Disturbance Recorder Relion
The Disturbance Recorder is available in all protection and control IEDs

The Disturbance Recorder can be applied by separate box, i.e., dedicated Disturbance Fault Recorder For transmission systems besides the DR inside IEDs an independent DR may be required The independent DR monitors also the performance of the IEDs during a fault condition
The Relion Product Family

670 Series: 100 recordings, 40 Analog, 96 Digital 650 Series: 100 recordings, 40 Analog, 96 Digital 630 Series: 100 recordings, 40 Analog, 64 Digital 615 Series: 100 recordings, 12 Analog, 64 Digital
Disturbance Recorder PCM600
PCM600 is able to handle Disturbance Recorder files from Relion Product Family PCM600 can download and manage DR files, including the visualization of waveforms by third-party tools PCM600 can download DR files locally, by using IEDs front port or LAN; or remotely
Disturbance Recorder Centralized

Traditional solution
Mainly required by Utilities for supervision of protection schemes
Digital Inputs Additional
Supervision of current, voltages, digital status of primary equipments and protection relay activations
Hardwired copper cables are connected to Disturbance Recorder
3 3 Analog Inputs Disturbance Recorder 1 1
Usually one Disturbance Recorder per bay for Transmission Applications

Number of analog and digital channels can be fixed or modular Can be mounted on independent panel or in the same panel where protection relays are installed, depending on customer specification
3
3 Analog Inputs Additional
G
3
Disturbance Recorder Distributed

Innovative solution
Distributed modules can be installed near the process, the protected element, or in protection panels for each bay Distributed modules are connected to a Central Unit by communication Distributed modules can be found for analog channels, digital channels or combined, depending on manufacturer Time synchronization and user access is usually achieved in the Central Unit Central Unit can communicate in IEC61850, but Distributed modules are typically proprietary by fiber optics
3 3 3
Digital Inputs
Disturbance Recorder
Analog Inputs Fiber Optics 1 1 Digital Inputs
Fiber Optics
G
3
Analog Inputs
Disturbance Recorder Centralized and Distributed Solutions

Switch
TRANSFORMER 1
Switch
BAY CONTROL 1
Switch
GENERATOR 1 IEC61850 1Gbps

Switch
IEC61850 100Mbps
Main 1
Protection
Main 2
Protection
CB X
Protection
CB Y
Protection
CB Z
Protection
Main 1
Protection
Main 2
Protection
RET 670
RET 670
REC 670
REC 670
REC 670
REG 670
REG 670
DR Centralized
DR Distributed
TEST
TEST
TEST
TEST
TEST
TEST
TEST
Note: Disturbance Recorder shall be mounted on independent panel, depending on customer specification
Disturbance Recorder GOOSE
Protection can send GOOSE messages to trigger disturbance recorders

MMS
GOOSE
Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
=E1 VOLTAGE LEVEL 138kV
=QB1
=QB1
Protection
=QB1
=QB1
Protection
=QB1
=QA1
=QB1
Protection
=QA1
=QA1
=QB9 =QC9
=QB9 =QC9
=Q1
=Q1
Substation automation systems Retrofit of protection systems
Modern protection solutions Improves safety
Statistics on accidents

Ability to identify and quantify risks
No operator, 25%
Appropriate use of tools and procedures
With operator in front of closed door, 10%
With operator performing actions, 65%
Bay protection solutions Example of retrofit
Bay protection solutions Example of retrofit
Substation automation systems Reasons for retrofit of electrical systems
Modernization of panels and cubicles, including wires

Modernization of the entire substation, including communication
Extension of substations and monitoring of new equipments

Integration of existing numerical relays to automation Development of new automated schemes
Use and attendance of safety rules and standards

Low costs for operation and maintenance
Improved performance of the system
Substation Automation Systems
Bay protection solutions Marketing and sales
Structure and portfolio
Power Products
Ultrahigh, high and medium voltage products (eg, switchgear, capacitors); distribution automation; transformers Electricals, automation and control for power generation; transmission systems and substations; network management
Power Systems
Automation Products
Low-voltage products, drives, motors, power electronics and instrumentation Control systems and application-specific automation solutions for process industries
Process Automation
Robotics
Robots, peripheral devices and modular manufacturing solutions for industry
Power Systems enables intelligent systems
Power Systems
Grid Systems
Substations
Power Generation
Network Management
Intelligent Systems
Broadest offering in the industry
Substation automation systems
Utilities
Industries
Generation
Substation automation systems Bay protection solutions

Value Creation Modules
Configured IEDs for Generator protection Busbar protection Line protection Transformer protection Breaker protection Shunt reactor protection Capacitor protection Motor protection Bay control
Services Engineered Packages

Substation automation systems Station HMIs Gateways for telecontrol Bay level solutions for Control Protection Monitoring Retrofit Upgrading & Migration Replacement of primary & Turnkey Systems secondary S/S equipment Complete Substation Spare Parts Automation Systems Power System Consulting for Control, Monitoring, (e.g. Analyses, setting & Protection CT/VT calculations) Communication Solutions Installation Design to commissioning Commissioning Interface engineering Diagnosis Training
Products
Bay control IEDs Protection IEDs Gateways MicroSCADA Pro RTUs Disturbance Recorders
Products
Systems Complexity
Services

ABB maximizes the benefits from IEC 61850

Fully IEC 61850 compliant portfolio Comprehensive SA functionality Powerful tool environment Proven excellence and experience in integrating 3rd party devices & systems Maximum level of product integration for enhanced performance and advanced functionality
Proficient project execution

Deep understanding of customer requirements and know-how in the substation domain Unique quality assurance by in-house System Verification Center
Substation automation systems Systems Portfolio
Substation Automation Systems for control, protection and monitoring of transmission to distribution AIS, GIS and hybrid substations
Protection Protection systems for the primary equipment in power plants, substations as well as industrial applications
Wide Area Monitoring Systems for online monitoring of power system stability based on current and voltage phasor measurements
Network Control Monitoring and control systems for utilities, industries and infrastructure (e.g. railways, tunnels, large buildings etc.) distribution networks
Integrated solutions for grid reliability, productivity and energy efficiency Robust global value chain to serve established and emerging markets Extensive global network of value-added channel partners
Substation automation systems Value chain for new installations and retrofit
Training & education
Consulting
Engineering
Equipments
Services
Site survey
Planning
Main contracting
Manufacturing
Installation & Commissioning
Substation automation systems Retrofit and modernization

Retrofit and modernization
Retrofit of protection and control solutions inside air insulated or gas insulated substations, from medium to extra high voltage Possibility of turn-key projects
Substation automation systems System verification center

SVC System Verification Center A recognized IEC 61850 conformance test center
May 2006 - The SVC (in Baden/Switzerland) is qualified by the UCA International Users Group to be an IEC 61850 Competence Center
It is the very first manufacturers test lab in the world to be qualified The SVC is thereby officially entitled to certify the IEC 61850 conformity of products and attach the Users Group Label to them
Systems and products for substation automation in utilities and industries

Bay protection and control solutions
Measurement, monitoring and supervision of devices

Development of local and remote solutions for parameter setting exchange and disturbance recorder evaluations
Communication network among devices and systems

Interoperable solutions for the protection and control of electrical substations Generator protection systems Drop-in P&C houses
Services and support

Rehabilitation and upgrade Commissioning and maintenance Power system studies & consulting Settings, CT/VT calculations and disturbance analysis
Training
The scope includes several applications

Power system protection solutions Monitoring of electrical devices Integrated bay protection and control solutions Hardware and software based on Relion product family

BB I
BB II
QB1 QB2
Main protection functions
Application
Short lines
Function Main 1 PDIF PDIF (PDIS*) PDIS
Function Main 2 / Backup PDIF PDIS PDIS
Transmission Single / Double Bus IED 1 IED 2 Main 1 Main 2 / Backup RED670 RED670 REL670 RED670 REL670 REL670
QA1 BI1
BI2
BI3 BI4 BU1
Medium lines Long lines
Multi-terminal lines
Cables
PDIF (PDIS*)
PDIF
PDIF (PDIS*)
PDIF
RED670
RED670
RED670
RED670
Medium Line
Features Comprehensive functionality for Main1 + Main 2 / backup LAN connectivity to IEDs for configuration and monitoring
Main 1: RED670
Binary Binary CT VT Tripping Input output Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Block Block Block Block Block
Main 2: REL670
Binary Binary CT VT Tripping Input output Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Terminal Block Block Block Block Block
Options IEC 61850-8-1 communication interface Auto-reclose and synchrocheck options Busbar and breaker failure protection Trip circuit supervision DTT Lock-out relays Test switches
Solution

Bus coupler
Line
Line
Line
Transformer
Transformer
Main applications

Transmission lines Feeders and cables Power transformers Reactors Capacitors Generators Busbars Motors
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
QA1 BI1 BI2 BI3 BI4
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BU1
BU1
BU1
BI6
BI6
medium
BI5
short
long
BI7
BI7
ABB know-how

IEC 61850-8-1
Focus on customer needs
Efficiency in project execution

Engineering and assemblying by ABB High quality manufacturing Expertise in solution and system design Comprehensive documentation Testing of solutions and complete system
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4 Solution 5 Solution 6
Interconnections
Substation automation systems Protection and control panel

The RESP07 panel can be ordered to the following specifications: Size (variable width): 2000 x 800 x 800 / 1200 / 1600 mm 2200 x 800 x 800 / 1200 / 1600 mm Protection class: IP54 Color: RAL 7032 or RAL 7035 Heating / thermostat / light Hygrostat Wiring of control, signal and VT circuits 1.5 or 2.5 mm2 Wiring of CT circuits 2.5 or 4 mm2 Wiring PVC Halogen-free Wire markers Spare terminal blocks Any other panel type or panel requirement can be applied on request
Most complete and modern IED platform in the market:

History on protection technology

The Relion product family is the most advanced series of protection and control devices from ABB
1905 - First electromechanical time-overcurrent relay 1930 - Electromechanical plug-in relay system
Interoperability with other vendors by using IEC 61850 compliant IEDs
1940 - Electromechanical distance relay

1969 - COMBIFLEX static plug-in relay system 1969 - Ultra high-speed bus differential protection 1970 - First static distance relay 1974 - Static distance relay for EHV/UHV 1976 - Static ultra high-speed line protection 1982 - Microprocessor-based fault locator 1983 - Computer-based substation control system
Committed structure of services and support
High expertise and constant training programs to engineers
High quality on project management, assembly, configuration and services

High commitment to IEC 61850 standard, including SVC Complete support of services for new substations or retrofit projects
1986 - Numerical distance relay

1994 - 500 series terminals with integrated protection and control fully automated substation
1997 - Graphical IEC 61131-3 configuration and parameter setting

2000 - Numerical protection for transformers and busbars 2002 - Phasor Measurement terminal for wide area monitoring and control 2006 - Relion 670 series products designed for IEC61850 2009 - Relion 650 series products ready-to-use solutions
Turn-key supply: planning, studies, projects, assembly, supervision, factory acceptance tests, site acceptance tests, commissioning, system integration, training

Marketing material Brochure for protection and control solutions

New Brochure for BPS and BCS
Focused on concepts and solutions
new
Marketing material Brochure for protection and control solutions

Content
new
Marketing material Presentations Protection

Bay protection solutions presentation

Material available at:
Concepts BPS600 protection solutions
Protection concepts presentations

Luis-Fabiano Santos, Substation Automation Systems
new
Basic protection philosophy Line and cable protection Transformer protection
Bay Protection Solutions Basic Protection Philosophy Bay Protection Solutions Line and Cable Bay Protection Protection Solutions
Luis-Fabiano Santos, Substation Automation Systems Luis-Fabiano Santos, Substation Automation Systems
ABB Group November 3, 2010 | Slide 1
Busbar and station protection

Application of GOOSE messages in protection Functional allocation and integration Modern bay protection solutions approach
Transformer Protection

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Luis-Fabiano Santos, Global Product Manager, Substation Automation Systems

Global sales program Protection applications and system solutions

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 1

Bay protection solutions Protection applications and system solutions

Transformer protection concepts

Marketing and sales

Bay protection solutions Fundamental aspects

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 3

Bay protection solutions The basic principles

The protection system must present:

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 4

Bay protection solutions The need for protection

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 5

Bay protection solutions The need for protection

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 6

Bay protection solutions Electromechanical relays

The first generation

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 7

Bay protection solutions Electronic (static) relays

The second generation

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 8

Bay protection solutions Micro-processed relays

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 9

Bay protection solutions Numerical relays

Tecnology based on microprocessors

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 10

Bay protection solutions IED Intelligent Electronic Devices

IEC 61850 compliant

Extensive function library and powerful hardware platform

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 11

Bay protection solutions Standards and functional descriptions

Line differential protection

Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection

Residual overvoltage protection

Synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 12

Bay protection solutions Examples of functionalities

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 13

Bay protection solutions Protection requirements

Traditional protection requirements Fast clearance of faults

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 14

Bay protection solutions Protection requirements

87T (PDIF) : Transformer differential protection

87B (PDIF) : Busbar differential protection

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 15

Bay protection solutions The protection must be adapted to

Solidly, neutral impedance, resonant, isolated

3-pole, 1-pole single-pole tripping capability

Bay protection solutions The protection must be adapted to

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Long overhead line

Compensation devices Parallel lines

Series or parallel compensation Fault current reversal

ABB Group July 26, 2012 | Slide 17

Bay protection solutions The protection must be adapted to

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Forced ONAF or natural ONAN