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ECE 302: Homework 1 SOLUTION: Due September 3, 2008 in Class

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This document contains the solutions to 4 problems from a homework assignment: 1) Proving an equation involving sums and proving a related derivative formula. 2) Finding the inverse of a decreasing exponential function. 3) Evaluating two definite integrals over specified regions, one involving the max function and one in polar coordinates. 4) Calculating the number of possible specialty ice cream flavors that can be created by combining 5 essences using combinations/subsets.

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ECE 302: Homework 1 SOLUTION: Due September 3, 2008 in Class

Uploaded by

Jack Liu
32 views3 pages
This document contains the solutions to 4 problems from a homework assignment: 1) Proving an equation involving sums and proving a related derivative formula. 2) Finding the inverse of a decreasing exponential function. 3) Evaluating two definite integrals over specified regions, one involving the max function and one in polar coordinates. 4) Calculating the number of possible specialty ice cream flavors that can be created by combining 5 essences using combinations/subsets.

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HW1FA08Soln

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This document contains the solutions to 4 problems from a homework assignment: 1) Proving an equation involving sums and proving a related derivative formula. 2) Finding the inverse of a decreasing exponential function. 3) Evaluating two definite integrals over specified regions, one involving the max function and one in polar coordinates. 4) Calculating the number of possible specialty ice cream flavors that can be created by combining 5 essences using combinations/subsets.

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© All Rights Reserved
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32 views3 pages

ECE 302: Homework 1 SOLUTION: Due September 3, 2008 in Class

Uploaded by

Jack Liu
This document contains the solutions to 4 problems from a homework assignment: 1) Proving an equation involving sums and proving a related derivative formula. 2) Finding the inverse of a decreasing exponential function. 3) Evaluating two definite integrals over specified regions, one involving the max function and one in polar coordinates. 4) Calculating the number of possible specialty ice cream flavors that can be created by combining 5 essences using combinations/subsets.

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ECE 302: Homework 1 SOLUTION

Purdue University, Fall 2008


Due September 3, 2008 in class
1. (a) Prove that 1 + x + x
2
+ . . . + x
n1
=
1x
n
1x
for x = 1 and integer
n 1.
(b) What is 1 +2x+3x
2
+. . . +nx
n1
? (Hint: dierentiate part (a).)
Solution:
(a) Since x = 1, the equation to be proved is equivalent to the
equation we get by multiplying both sides by (1 x). So it is
sucient to prove that (1x)(1+x+x
2
+. . .+x
n1
) = 1x
n
.
But
(1 x)(1 + x + x
2
+ . . . + x
n1
) = (1 + x + . . . + x
n1
) x(1 + x + . . . + x
n1
)
= (1 + x + . . . + x
n1
) (x + x
2
+ . . . + x
n
)
= 1 x
n
,
which establishes the desired equation. (Another way to prove
the equation is by induction on n.)
(b) We have that 1+2x+3x
2
+. . .+nx
n1
=
d
dx
(1+x+x
2
+. . .+x
n
).
From part (a), we have that
d
dx
(1 + x + x
2
+ . . . + x
n
) =
d
dx

1 x
n+1
1 x

=
nx
n+1
(n + 1)x
n
+ 1
(x 1)
2
2. Let f be the function dened by f(x) =
2
e
x
+1
for < x < . Let g
denote the inverse function of f, so that g(f(x)) = x for all x. Find g.
1
(Hint: The domain of g can be smaller than the whole real line. Draw
a picture.)
Solution: We see that f is monotonically decreasing, with limit 2
at -1 and limit 0 at 1. In particular, an inverse function exists
because f is one-to-one. The range of f is (0, 2), so the inverse g
needs only to be dened on that interval. We need f(g(u)) = u
for 0 < u < 2. Will will abbreviate g(u) by the letter g alone, but
remember that g is a function of u. So we have f(g) = u. Solving
this equation for g yields
2
e
g
+1
= u, or
2
u
1 = e
g
, or g = ln(
2
u
1)
for 0 < u < 2. That is, g(u) = ln(
2
u
1) for 0 < u < 2.
3. Evaluate the following denite two-dimensional integrals over the spec-
ied domains of integration:
(a) f(x, y) = max(x, y), over the region
{(x, y) : 0 x 1, 0 y 1}.
Solution: f(x, y) = max(x, y), over the region D = {(x, y) : 0
x 1, 0 y 1}. Drawing a three-dimensional picture is
not the easiest thing, but it is worth the eort to get an idea
of what the function looks like. Applying basic integration
techniques and using the fact that max(x, y) = y if x y and
max(x, y) = x if x > y, we get

1
0

1
0
max(x, y)dxdy =

1
0

y
0
ydx

dy +

1
0

1
y
xdx

dy
=

1
0
y
2
dy +

1
0
1 y
2
2
dy =
1
3
+
1
3
=
2
3
.
(b) f(x, y) = (x
2
+ y
2
)
4
, over the region {(x, y) : x
2
+ y
2
> 1}.
Solution: Changing to polar coordinates (x = r cos , y =
r sin ), the above integral can be reduced to

D
(x
2
+y
2
)
4
dxdy =

2
0


1
r
8
rdrd = 2


1
r
7
dr = /3.
4. An ice cream manufacturer makes unavored ice cream and then creates
specialty avors by blending in one or more of the ve essences: vanilla,
chocolate, fudge, mint, and almond into the ice cream. How many
specialty avors can the manufacturer create?
Solution: Since there are 2
5
1 = 31 non-empty subsets of the set of
5 avors (you wouldnt want to buy unavored ice-cream, would
you?), the manufacturer can create and sell 31 specialty avors.
We can also solve by exhaustively summing the combinatorial ex-
pressions, i.e.

5
1

5
2

5
3

5
4

5
5

= 31.
Note that the lack of the term

5
0

corresponds to omitting the


unavored ice cream.

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