s71500 Diagnosis Function Manual en-US en-US PDF

Diagnostics
___________________
Preface
1
___________________
Documentation guide
SIMATIC
S7-1500, ET 200MP, ET 200SP,
ET 200AL
Diagnostics
Function Manual
Overview of system
2
___________________
diagnostics
3
___________________
Quick start
Setting and determining
4
___________________
system diagnostics
System diagnostics by
5
___________________
means of the user program
6
___________________
Alarms
A
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Service & Support
06/2014
A5E03735838-AC
Legal information
Warning notice system
This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent
damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert
symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are
graded according to the degree of danger.
DANGER
indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
WARNING
indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.
CAUTION
indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
NOTICE
indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will
be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to
property damage.
Qualified Personnel
The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specific
task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions.
Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and
avoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.
Proper use of Siemens products

Note the following:
WARNING
Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical
documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended
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ambient conditions must be complied with. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.
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Disclaimer of Liability
We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software
described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the
information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent
editions.
Siemens AG
Industry Sector
Postfach 48 48
90026 NRNBERG
GERMANY
A5E03735838-AC
07/2014 Subject to change
Copyright Siemens AG 2013 - 2014.

All rights reserved
Preface
Purpose of the documentation
This function manual provides an overview of the diagnostics options for the automation
systems S7-1500, ET 200MP, ET 200SP and ET 200AL.
The documentation covers the following:
Illustration of the uniformity and consistency of system diagnostics
Overview of the options for establishing system diagnostics information
Basic knowledge required

The following knowledge is required in order to understand the function manual:
General knowledge of automation technology
Knowledge of the industrial automation system SIMATIC
Knowledge of working with STEP 7 and WinCC
Knowledge about the use of Microsoft Windows operating systems
Scope of the documentation

This documentation is the basic documentation for all products of the S7-1500, ET 200MP,
ET 200SP and ET 200AL systems. The product documentation is based on this
documentation.
Changes compared to previous version

Changes / enhancements described in this manual, compared to the previous version
(version 02/2014):
Extension of the scope of validity to the distributed I/O system ET 200AL
The CPUs of the product series S7-1500 and ET 200SP are collectively referred to as
"CPU"
Diagnostics
Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC
Preface
Conventions
STEP 7: We refer to "STEP 7" in this documentation as a synonym for the configuration and
programming software "STEP 7 as of V12 (TIA Portal)" and subsequent versions.
This documentation contains pictures of the devices described. The figures may differ
slightly from the device supplied.
You should also pay particular attention to notes such as the one shown below:
Note
A note contains important information on the product, on handling of the product and on the
section of the documentation to which you should pay particular attention.
Additional support
Information about Technical Support is available in the appendix Service & Support
(Page 87).
The technical documentation for the individual SIMATIC products and systems is
available on the Internet (http://www.siemens.com/simatic-tech-doku-portal).
The online catalog and the ordering system are available on the Internet
(http://mall.automation.siemens.com).
Security information
Siemens provides products and solutions with industrial security functions that support the
secure operation of plants, solutions, machines, equipment and/or networks. They are
important components in a holistic industrial security concept. With this in mind, Siemens
products and solutions undergo continuous development. Siemens recommends strongly
that you regularly check for product updates.
For the secure operation of Siemens products and solutions, it is necessary to take suitable
preventive action (e.g. cell protection concept) and integrate each component into a holistic,
state-of-the-art industrial security concept. Third-party products that may be in use should
also be considered. You can find more information about industrial security on the Internet
(http://www.siemens.com/industrialsecurity).
To stay informed about product updates as they occur, sign up for a product-specific
newsletter. You can find more information on the Internet
(http://support.automation.siemens.com).
Diagnostics
Table of contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................... 3
1
Documentation guide .............................................................................................................................. 7
Overview of system diagnostics .............................................................................................................. 9
2.1
Properties of system diagnostics ................................................................................................... 9
2.2
Benefits of innovative system diagnostics ...................................................................................11
Quick start ............................................................................................................................................ 12

3.1
Using the display of the CPU .......................................................................................................13
3.2
Using STEP 7...............................................................................................................................15
Setting and determining system diagnostics .......................................................................................... 20

4.1
Configuring alarms for system diagnostics ..................................................................................20
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.1.1
4.2.1.2
4.2.2
4.2.2.1
4.2.2.2
4.2.2.3
4.2.2.4
4.2.2.5
4.2.2.6
4.2.2.7
4.2.2.8
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.4.1
4.2.4.2
4.2.4.3
4.2.4.4
Options for displaying system diagnostics ...................................................................................22

Diagnostics information at the devices ........................................................................................23
LEDs ............................................................................................................................................23
Display of the CPU .......................................................................................................................24
Diagnostics information in STEP 7 ..............................................................................................26
Explanation of diagnostics symbols .............................................................................................26
Accessible devices (without project) ............................................................................................28
Devices & networks .....................................................................................................................30
Online & diagnostics ....................................................................................................................33
"Diagnostics" tab in the Inspector window ...................................................................................35
CPU diagnostics buffer ................................................................................................................39
"Online tools" task card ................................................................................................................41
Configuring the settings for I/O modules in STEP 7 ....................................................................43
Diagnostics information using the web server .............................................................................44
Diagnostics information using the HMI diagnostics view .............................................................51
Configuring system diagnostics ...................................................................................................52
Different views of the HMI diagnostics view ................................................................................55
Inserting system diagnostics indicator .........................................................................................58
Configuring button as system diagnostics indicator.....................................................................61
System diagnostics by means of the user program ................................................................................ 63

5.1
Options of system diagnostics in the user program .....................................................................63
5.2
System diagnostics using process image inputs .........................................................................64
Diagnostics
Table of contents
Alarms .................................................................................................................................................. 67
6.1
Creating alarms with the "Program_Alarm" instruction ............................................................... 68
6.2
Editing alarms in the alarm editor ............................................................................................... 69
6.3
Display of program alarms .......................................................................................................... 71
6.4
Output of the alarm state with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction ................................................ 72
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.3
6.5.4
Example program for program alarms ........................................................................................ 73

Task............................................................................................................................................. 73
Example 1: Program alarm without associated values ............................................................... 74
Example 2: Program alarm with associated value ...................................................................... 79
Displaying the alarm .................................................................................................................... 86
Service & Support ................................................................................................................................. 87

Glossary ............................................................................................................................................... 90
Index .................................................................................................................................................... 93
Diagnostics
Documentation guide
Introduction
The documentation of the SIMATIC products has a modular structure and covers all aspects
of your automation system.
The complete documentation for the S7-1500, ET 200SP, ET 200MP and ET 200AL systems
consists of the respective system manuals, function manuals and product manuals.
The STEP 7 information system (online help) also supports you when configuring and
programming your automation system.
Overview of the documentation on the topic "System diagnostics"

The following table lists additional documentation which supplements this description on the
topic "System diagnostics".
Table 1- 1
Documentation on the topic "System diagnostics"
Topic
Documentation
Most important contents
STEP 7 (TIA Portal)
Online help for STEP 7 Professional V13
Configuring and programming

with the engineering software
System description
S7-1500 Automation System

(http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW
/view/en/59191792)
Application planning
Installation
Wiring
Commissioning
ET 200SP distributed I/O system

/view/en/58649293)
ET 200MP distributed I/O system
/view/en/59193214)
Distributed I/O system ET 200AL
/view/en/89254965)
Diagnostics
Documentation guide
Topic
Documentation
Most important contents
Communication
Communication
/view/en/59192925) function manual
For S7-1500, ET 200MP,

ET 200SP, ET 200AL:
Web server
Interfaces for
communication
Communications services
Diagnostics of
communication connections
PROFIBUS with STEP 7 V13

/view/en/59193579)
PROFIBUS basics
PROFIBUS functions
PROFIBUS diagnostics
PROFINET with STEP 7 V13

/view/en/49948856)
PROFINET basics
PROFINET functions
PROFINET diagnostics
Basics
Function
Operation
Diagnostics via web server
Interrupt, error and system

messages
Technical specifications
(including diagnostics
functions)
Web server
/view/en/59193560) function manual
Modules of the
Manuals for the S7-1500 product family
S7-1500 automation (http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW
system
/view/en/56926743)
SIMATIC manuals
All current manuals for the SIMATIC products are available for download free of charge on
the Internet (http://www.siemens.com/automation/service&support).
Diagnostics
Overview of system diagnostics

2.1
Properties of system diagnostics
Introduction
In the SIMATIC environment, diagnostics of devices and modules is collectively referred to
as system diagnostics. The monitoring functions are automatically derived from the hardware
configuration.
All SIMATIC products have integrated diagnostic functions that they can use to detect and
remedy faults. The components automatically flag a potential fault in the operation and
provide detailed information. Unscheduled standstill times can be minimized with plant-wide
diagnostics.
The following states are monitored by the system in the running plant:
Device failure
Remove/insert fault
Module fault
I/O access error
Channel fault
Parameter assignment error
Failure of the external auxiliary voltage
Properties ofSIMATIC system diagnostics

The SIMATIC system diagnostics has the following properties:
Integrated as standard in the hardware
System-wide across bus limits
Automatic localization of the error source
Automatic output of the cause of the error in plain text
Plant-wide diagnostics of all components
Archiving and logging of alarms
Configurability of alarms
Diagnostics

2.1 Properties of system diagnostics
Consistent diagnostics from the field level all the way to the management level
The different diagnostics media give you a uniform view of maintenance-related information
of all automation components in a plant:
System status (module and network status, alarms for system errors) are available plantwide in a uniform display.
Figure 2-1
Overview of system diagnostics in a plant
Diagnostics
10

2.2 Benefits of innovative system diagnostics
2.2
Benefits of innovative system diagnostics
System diagnostics is also possible in STOP.

The system diagnostics is integrated in the firmware of the CPU and works independent of
the cyclic user program. This means it is also available in the STOP CPU operating mode.
Faults are detected immediately and signaled to the higher-level HMI devices, the web
server and the display of the S7-1500 CPU, even in STOP mode. This makes system
diagnostics consistent with the actual plant state at all times.
Uniform display concept

All clients of a system are provided with diagnostics information by a uniform mechanism.
The same system diagnostics information is used regardless of the display medium.
Step
Description
The device detects an error and sends diagnostics data to the assigned CPU.
The CPU informs the connected display media. The display of the system diagnostics is
updated.
Figure 2-2
Sequence of the system diagnostics
Diagnostics
11
Quick start
Introduction
The following chapters of this documentation describe the different options for establishing
system diagnostics. All described options can be used independently of one another.
This chapter gives you an overview of the basic procedure to get initial diagnostics
information fast.
Note
System diagnostics is generally available for the devices of the SIMATIC series.
Diagnostics
12
Quick start
3.1 Using the display of the CPU
3.1
Using the display of the CPU

The display of the S7-1500 CPU offers a fast and direct option to get diagnostics information.
You can call up status information in different menus on the display.
Requirement
A project has been created.
The project has been downloaded to the CPU.
Determining diagnostics information using the display of the S7-1500 CPU

To determine diagnostics information using the display, follow these steps:
1. Select the "Diagnostics" menu on the display.
Figure 3-1
Display of the S7-1500 CPU
2. Select the "Alarms" entry from the "Diagnostics" menu.
Diagnostics
13
Quick start
3.1 Using the display of the CPU
Result
The "Alarms" entry displays the latest error information.
Figure 3-2
Display of the error message in the display of the S7-1500 CPU
Note
Automatic updating of diagnostics information
You set automatic updating of the diagnostics information under: "Display" >
"DiagnosticRefresh".
Additional information
For additional information on configuring alarms, please refer to Configuring alarms for
system diagnostics (Page 20).
Diagnostics
14
Quick start
3.2 Using STEP 7
3.2
Using STEP 7
The start using STEP 7 gives you fast access to detailed diagnostics information.
Requirements
A project has been created.
The project has been downloaded to the CPU.
An error has occurred.
The programming device must be able to establish a connection to the CPU via an
interface.
Determining diagnostics information using STEP 7

To determine diagnostics information using STEP 7, follow these steps:
1. Open the respective project in STEP 7.
2. Open the portal view of STEP 7.
3. Select the "Online & Diagnostics" portal.
4. Select the "Online status" action.
The "Select device" dialog opens. The dialog is an image of the configured devices in the
project.
Figure 3-3
Device selection for online connection in the portal view
5. Activate the "Go online" option button for the device that you want to use to establish an
online connection.
6. Click on the "Connect" button.
Diagnostics
15
Quick start
3.2 Using STEP 7
7. The "Go online" dialog opens.
Figure 3-4
Establishing an online connection
8. Make the settings for the interface.
Diagnostics
16
Quick start
3.2 Using STEP 7
9. Click on the "Connect" button.
The project view of STEP 7 opens. The network view is opened in the working area.
The symbols in the project tree provide initial information about the faulty modules.
Figure 3-5
Display of the fault in network view
Diagnostics
17
Quick start
3.2 Using STEP 7
10.Double-click the device which displays an alarm message to access the faulty module
directly. This is the CPU in the example.
The device view of the CPU is opened in the working area. In this view you can see
directly in which module the error has occurred.
Figure 3-6
Display of the faulty module in the device view
11.Open the "Diagnostics" tab and the subordinate "Device information" tab in the Inspector
window for a more detailed error description.
Diagnostics
18
Quick start
3.2 Using STEP 7
Result
The link in the "Details" table column takes you to the online and diagnostics view of the
device and to the diagnostics buffer there, for example. It includes more information on all
diagnostics events in the order in which they occurred.
Figure 3-7
Diagnostics buffer with detailed error description
Note
Symbols and their meaning
You can find a legend with the meaning of each symbol in Explanation of diagnostics
symbols (Page 26) and in the online help for STEP 7.
Diagnostics
19
Setting and determining system diagnostics
Introduction
System diagnostics is generally available for the devices of the SIMATIC series.
In the properties of each individual CPU, you can specify if you want to receive alarms for
system diagnostics on your display device. Alarms are provided on the display of the
S7-1500 CPU, the CPU web server and the HMI device. Alarms are enabled by default. If
you do not want to receive alarms for system diagnostics on your display device, you can
disable the sending of alarms.
4.1
Configuring alarms for system diagnostics

Predefined message texts are available for establishing the system diagnostics.
Requirement
You have opened STEP 7.
You have added a CPU to the project.
Procedure
To make alarm settings for system diagnostics of the CPU in STEP 7, follow these steps:
1. Open the project view.
2. Select the CPU.
3. Open the device view.
4. Open the "Properties" tab in the Inspector window.
Diagnostics
20

4.1 Configuring alarms for system diagnostics
5. Select the "System diagnostics" entry in the "General" area navigation.
You now have access to the alarm settings. System diagnostics is enabled by default.
System diagnostics cannot be disabled for the use of a CPU from the SIMATIC series.
Figure 4-1
Properties of system diagnostics in STEP 7
6. In the settings, specify the alarm category that is to be displayed and if it needs to be
acknowledged.
The check boxes in the "Alarm" column are enabled by default. When you disable all
check boxes, the status of the HMI system diagnostics view is still updated with the "Info
Report" functionality.
Figure 4-2
Alarm settings in STEP 7
7. Download the configuration to the CPU.
Result
You have configured the alarms for system diagnostics of the CPU in STEP 7.
The settings are saved with the project and become effective after the compiling and
downloading of the hardware configuration to the involved components.
Maintenance events (maintenance demanded, maintenance required) are entered in the
alarm buffer of the CPU just like any other event.
Diagnostics
21

4.2 Options for displaying system diagnostics
4.2
Options for displaying system diagnostics
Example
This section includes a diagnostics example to show how system diagnostics is established
with the help of different display options. The example includes a S7-1500 CPU that is
connected to an ET 200S distributed I/O system and an HMI Comfort Panel by means of
PROFINET.
Figure 4-3
System diagnostics display options
The following sections include figures that illustrate how diagnostics information is displayed
with the help of different display options.
Using the LEDs on the hardware (Page 23)
Local error analysis using the display of the CPU S7-1500 (Page 24)
Using STEP 7 as of V12 (Page 26)
Remote diagnostics using the web server (Page 44)
Stationary system diagnostics using the HMI diagnostics view (Page 51)
Diagnostics
22

4.2.1
Diagnostics information at the devices
4.2.1.1
LEDs
Overview
All hardware components, such as CPUs, interface modules and modules, provide
information about their operating mode as well as internal and external errors through their
LEDs. Diagnostics by means of LEDs is an initial tool for error localization.
The graphics below include examples for the arrangement of LEDs on some modules.
Table 4- 1
LED displays on the modules
CPU 1516-3 PN/DP
IM 155-5 PN ST
DI 32x24VDC HF
PS 25W 24VDC
RUN LED
(single-colored LED:
green)
RUN LED
green)
RUN/STOP LED
RUN LED
(two-colored LED: green/yellow) (two-colored LED:
green/yellow)
ERROR LED
(single-colored LED: red)
ERROR LED
(single-colored LED: red)
ERROR LED
ERROR LED
(single-colored LED: red) (single-colored LED: red)
MAINT LED
(single-colored LED: yellow)
MAINT LED
yellow)
without function
X1 P1
X1 P1
(two-colored LED: green/yellow) (single-colored LED:
green)
X1 P2
X1 P2
(two-colored LED: green/yellow) (single-colored LED:
green)
X2 P1
(two-colored LED: green/yellow)
MAINT LED
yellow)
LED CHx
(two-colored LED:
green/red)
Diagnostics
23

The meaning of the individual LED displays, their different combinations and the remedial
measures resulting from them in case of errors are device-specific. The explanation can be
found in the manuals of the modules.
4.2.1.2
Display of the CPU
Introduction
Each CPU in the S7-1500 automation system has a front cover with a display and
operating keys. You can display status information in different menus on the display of the
S7-1500 CPU. You use the operating keys to navigate through the menus.
Figure 4-4
Display - diagnostics screen
Diagnostics
24

Display options
The display of the S7-1500 CPU displays the following diagnostics information:
Information entered in the diagnostics buffer
Alarms
Information about network diagnostics
Detailed device view with diagnostics symbols
Error and alarm texts (system diagnostics alarms)
Order number, CPU version and central I/O modules
CPU operating mode
Module status for central and distributed modules
Information about the currently installed firmware
For additional information on the topic "Functions and operation of the display of the S7-1500
CPU" see the documentation for the S7-1500 automation system
(http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/view/en/59191792).
Diagnostics
25

4.2.2
Diagnostics information in STEP 7
4.2.2.1
Explanation of diagnostics symbols
Diagnostics symbols for modules and devices

When the online connection to a device in STEP 7 is established, the diagnostics status of
the device and its lower-level components and, if applicable, the device operating mode are
also determined. The following table shows the available symbols and their meaning.
Symbol
Meaning
The connection with a CPU is being established.
The CPU is not reachable at the set address.
The configured CPU and the CPU actually present are of incompatible types.
Example: An existing CPU 315-2 DP is incompatible with a configured
CPU 1516-3 PN/DP.
On establishment of the online connection to a protected CPU, the password
dialog was terminated without specification of the correct password.
No fault
Maintenance required
Maintenance demanded
Error
The module or device is deactivated.
The module or the device cannot be reached from the CPU (valid for modules and
devices below a CPU).
Diagnostics data are not available because the current online configuration data
differ from the offline configuration data.
The configured module or device and the module or device actually present are
incompatible (valid for modules or devices under a CPU).
The configured module does not support display of the diagnostics status (valid for
modules under a CPU).
The connection is established, but the module status has not yet been determined
or is unknown.
Hardware error in lower-level component: A hardware error is present in at least
one lower-level hardware component. (occurs as a separate symbol only in the
project tree)
Diagnostics
26

Symbols for the comparison status

The diagnostics symbols can be combined at the bottom right with additional smaller
symbols that indicate the result of the online/offline comparison. The following table shows
the available comparison symbols and their meaning.
Symbol
Meaning
Hardware error in lower-level component: The online and offline versions differ
(only in the project tree) in at least one lower-level hardware component.
Software error in lower-level component: The online and offline versions differ (only
in the project tree) in at least one lower-level software component.
Online and offline versions of the object are different
Object only exists online
Object only exists offline
Online and offline versions of the object are the same
Operating mode symbols for CPUs and CPs

The following table shows the available symbols and their respective operating states.
Symbol
Operating mode
RUN
STOP
STARTUP
HOLD
DEFECTIVE
Unknown operating mode
The configured module does not support display of the operating mode.
Diagnostics
27

Event table
The following information is displayed in the table for each diagnostics event:
Sequential number of the entry
The first entry contains the latest event.
Date and time of the diagnostics event
If no date and time are shown, the module has no integral clock.
Short designation of the event and, if applicable, the reaction of the CPU
Symbol for information on incoming/outgoing status
The following table shows the available symbols and their meaning.
Symbol
Meaning
Incoming event
Outgoing event
Incoming event for which there is no independent outgoing event
User-defined diagnostics event
For additional information on the individual symbols, please refer to the online help for
STEP 7.
4.2.2.2
Accessible devices (without project)
Accessible devices
Accessible devices are all devices that are connected to a PG/PC either directly by an
interface or by means of a subnet and that are switched on. These devices can display
diagnostic information even without an offline project.
Requirements
STEP 7 is open.
The project view is open.
Diagnostics
28

Procedure
To display diagnostic information for specific devices even without an offline project, follow
these steps:
1. Establish a connection to the respective CPU.
2. Select the command "Accessible devices" from the "Online" menu.
The "Accessible devices" dialog opens.
Figure 4-5
"Accessible devices" dialog

4. Select the respective device under "Accessible devices in the target subnet".
5. Confirm the dialog with the "Display" button.
Diagnostics
29

Result
The device is displayed in the project tree. You open the diagnostic information in the
working area with a double-click on "Online & Diagnostics".
Information is available on the diagnostic status, cycle times, memory usage and the
diagnostics buffer.
Figure 4-6
4.2.2.3
Device in the project tree
Devices & networks
Devices & networks - Go online

You can get an overview of the current state of your automation system in the device view or
network view.
You implement the following tasks in the device view:
Device configuration and parameter assignment
Module configuration and parameter assignment
You implement the following tasks in the network view:
Device configuration and parameter assignment
Networking devices
Requirements
STEP 7 is open.
A project is open.
Diagnostics
30

Procedure
To get an overview of the current state of your automation system, follow these steps:
1. Open the "Network view" in the working area.
2. Select the CPU.
3. Click the "Go online"
button in the toolbar.
The "Go online" dialog opens.
Figure 4-7
Go online

5. Select the respective device under "Compatible devices in the target subnet".
6. Confirm the dialog with the "Connect" button.
The online mode is started.
Diagnostics
31

Result
The connected devices are now displayed with diagnostic information in the network view in
the working area. Here you get an overview of the current state of your automation device.
Figure 4-8
CPU with diagnostic information
You get to the "Device view" with a double-click on the device. The diagnostic information for
the individual modules is displayed in this view.
Note
You will find a legend with the meaning of each symbol in Explanation of diagnostics
Diagnostics
32

4.2.2.4
Online & diagnostics
Online mode
In online mode there is an online connection between your PG/PC and one or several
devices. Depending on the properties of a device, you are offered specific diagnostics
options in online mode and certain functions.
Diagnostics
General module information
Diagnostics status
Cycle time
Memory
Diagnostics buffer
Display
Interface information (e.g. IP parameter, port information)
Functions
Assigning an IP address
Setting time and date of the CPU
Firmware update (e.g. for PLC, display)
Assigning device name
Reset to factory settings
Format memory card
Save service data
To establish an online connection at least one PG/PC interface must be installed that is
physically connected with a device, for example, with an Ethernet cable. The current online
status of a device is indicated by a symbol to the right of the device in the project tree.
Figure 4-9
Partial view network view
Diagnostics
33

Requirements
STEP 7 is open.
A project is open.
Procedure
To display an overview of the faulty devices, follow these steps:
1. Select the affected device folder in the project tree.
2. Select the shortcut menu command "Online & Diagnostics".
The online and diagnostics view of the module to be diagnosed is started.
Figure 4-10
Setting online access

Here you can change an interface access that has already been set for an online
connection that was successfully established previously.
4. Click on the "Go online" button.
The online connection is established.
Diagnostics
34

Result
You can find detailed diagnostics information on each device in the Inspector window, in the
"Diagnostics" section of the area navigation on the "Properties" tab.
4.2.2.5
"Diagnostics" tab in the Inspector window
"Diagnostics" tab in the Inspector window

The "Diagnostics" tab of the Inspector window includes information on diagnostics events
and configured alarm events.
Figure 4-11
Diagnostics in the Inspector window, "Device information" tab
Note
You can find a legend with the meaning of each symbol in Explanation of diagnostics
Diagnostics
35

Subordinate "Device information" tab

This tab gives you an overview of faulty devices to which an online connection exists or has
existed. The table provides the following diagnostics information on the faulty devices:
Online status: includes the online status as diagnostics symbol and in words
Operating mode: includes the operating mode as symbol and in words
Device/module: Name of the affected device or the affected module
Alarm: This explains the entry in the previous columns and displays an alarm, if
necessary
Details: The link opens the online and diagnostics view associated with the device or puts
it in the foreground.
If the device cannot be reached, the link opens the "Go online" dialog.
Help: The link provides additional information on the fault.
Note
Communication and access errors
Errors that occur in the user program (e.g., communication errors, access errors) are not
reported in the "Diagnostics" tab of the device information. You must read out the
diagnostics buffer of the CPU in the online and diagnostics view to get this information.
The link in the "Details" column opens the diagnostics buffer.
Diagnostics
36

Subordinate "Connection information" tab

The "Connection information" tab displays detailed diagnostics information for connections.
There will only be information on the "Connection information" tab if there is an active online
connection to at least one end point of the relevant connection.
Figure 4-12
"Connection information" tab and open connection overview
If a module has been selected (network view), the tab contains the following group:
Connection resources
If a connection has been selected (connection table), the tab contains the following groups:
Connection details
Address details of the connection
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37

Subordinate "Alarm display" tab

System diagnostics alarms are output in the "Alarm display" tab.
Figure 4-13
"Alarm display" tab
To receive alarms in STEP 7, follow these steps:

1. Open the project view.
2. Select the required CPU in the project tree.
3. To connect online with the respective CPU, select the shortcut menu command "Go
online".
4. Select the required CPU once again in the project tree and select the shortcut menu
command "Receive alarms".
Figure 4-14
Receive alarms
5. Alarms are now displayed in the alarm display. "Archive view" is enabled by default.
6. To display the latest alarms, click the symbol "Active alarms"
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38

4.2.2.6
CPU diagnostics buffer
Definition
Each CPU and some other modules have their own diagnostics buffer, in which detailed
information on all diagnostic events is entered in the order in which they occurred.
The CPU diagnostics buffer can be displayed on all display media (STEP 7, HMI, CPU web
server and display of the CPU).
Diagnostic events
The entries available in the diagnostics buffer include:
Internal and external errors on a module
System errors in the CPU
Operating mode transitions (e.g., from RUN to STOP)
Errors in the user program
Removal/insertion of modules
The contents of the diagnostics buffer is stored in the retentive memory in case of a memory
reset of the CPU. Errors or events can be evaluated even after a longer period of time
thanks to the diagnostics buffer to determine the cause of a STOP or to trace the occurrence
of a single diagnostic event and to be able to assign it.
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39

Procedure
To display the diagnostics buffer of a CPU, follow these steps:
1. Select the respective CPU.
2. Select the shortcut menu command "Online & Diagnostics".
The "Online access" view is opened in the working area.
Figure 4-15
Setting up online access
3. Set the interface.
Diagnostics
40

4. Click on the
button.
5. Select the area "Diagnostics buffer".
Figure 4-16
Diagnostics buffer in STEP 7
Note
Filter events
You can filter the entries in the diagnostics buffer in the settings of the "Diagnostics
buffer" area to only display specific types of events. This means that specific events, such
as "CPU and configuration-internal events" or "Connection diagnostics events", can be
displayed separately.
4.2.2.7
"Online tools" task card
Online view in the "Online tools" task card

The following requirements must be met to display the online view of the "Online tools" task
card:
An online connection to the CPU is available.
You have selected the CPU in the topology view, network view or device view.
The "Online tools" task card provides an overview of the CPU state, the cycle time and the
memory usage.
Diagnostics
41

The "CPU Operator Panel" palette displays the current state of some LEDs and the mode
switch of a CPU.
The "Cycle time" palette displays the cycle time diagram and below it the measured cycle
times as absolute values.
The "Memory" palette contains the current memory usage of the associated CPU. The
available memory is displayed in a bar diagram as well as a numerical value
(percentage).
Figure 4-17
"Online tools" task card
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42

4.2.2.8
Configuring the settings for I/O modules in STEP 7

You can also make settings for system diagnostics in STEP 7 for I/O modules. The
parameters you have to configure depend on the I/O module.
The settings are optional.
Requirements
STEP 7 is open.
A project is open.
A design with I/O modules has been configured.
Procedure
To make settings for system diagnostics of I/O modules in STEP 7, follow these steps:
1. Select the respective I/O module in the device view.
3. Select the area "Inputs", for example.
You have access to the settings for system diagnostics of the I/O module. If you select
"Wire break", for example, a possible wire break for the channel is flagged during
operation.
Figure 4-18
I/O setting with a digital input module
4. Save the hardware configuration.

5. Download the new hardware configuration to the CPU.
The documentation for the respective module includes additional information on parameter
assignment of I/O modules.
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43

4.2.3
Diagnostics information using the web server
System diagnostics using the CPU web server

The CPUs of the SIMATIC series have an integrated web server and let you display the
system diagnostics information by means of PROFINET. Any web client, such as PCs, multi
panels or smartphones, has read-only access to module data, user program data and
diagnostics data of a CPU by using an Internet browser. This means access to CPUs is
possible without installed STEP 7.
The web server offers web pages with reduced complexity which have been optimized for
devices with small screens and low computing power.
Using CPU 1516-3 PN/DP as an example, the following figure shows the start page of the
Web server:
Figure 4-19
Web server, Start page
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44

The following diagnostics options are available with the integrated web server:
Start page with general CPU information
Identification information
Contents of the diagnostics buffer
Module information
Messages (without acknowledgment option)
Information about communication
Topology
Requirement
You have opened STEP 7.
You have added a CPU to the project.
You have opened the project view.
Procedure
Follow these steps to access the web server:
1. Open the network view.
2. Select the CPU.
4. Select the entry "Web server" in the "General" area navigation.
The "Web server" area is displayed.
Figure 4-20
Activate the web server
5. Select the check box "Activate web server on this module".
Diagnostics
45

6. Activate the web server also for each interface by which you want to access the web
server. Select the respective interface. Open the "Properties" tab in the Inspector window
and select the entry "Web server access" in the "General" area navigation. Select the
check box "Activate web server for this interface".
Automatic updating is activated in the basic setting of a configured CPU.
7. Connect the client to a PROFINET interface of the CPU or to a communication processor
(e.g., CP 1543-1).
8. Open the web browser.
9. Enter the IP address of the CPU in the "Address" field of the web browser in the following
format: http://a.b.c.d or https://a.b.c.d (input example: http://192.168.3.141).
The welcome page of the Web server opens.
10.Click on the "Enter" link.
You are on the start page of the Web server.
Note
Managing access rights
In STEP 7, you can create users, define access rights and assign passwords under "Web
server > User management". Users only have access to the options that are permanently
linked to the access rights.
For further information on managing access rights, please refer to "Configuring the Web
server" in the Web server function manual
Diagnostics
46

Diagnostics option "Diagnostics buffer"

The browser displays the content of the diagnostics buffer on the "Diagnostics buffer" web
page.
Figure 4-21
Web server, "Diagnostics buffer" view
Diagnostics
47

Diagnostics option "Module information"

The status of a device is indicated by the web browser with symbols and comments on the
"Module information" web page.
Modules are displayed on the "Module information" web page in the "Name" column with a
link. You can get to the faulty module in hierarchical order.
Figure 4-22
Web server, "Module information" web page
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48

Diagnostics option "Messages"

The web browser displays the content of the message buffer on the "Messages" web page.
The messages cannot be acknowledged on the web server.
Figure 4-23
Web server, "Messages" web page
Diagnostics
49

"Topology" diagnostics option

The "Topology" web page provides information on the topological configuration and status of
the PROFINET devices in your PROFINET IO system.
Figure 4-24
Web server, "Topology" web page
Additional information on the topic is available in the Web server function manual
Diagnostics
50

4.2.4
Diagnostics information using the HMI diagnostics view
Objects for system diagnostics

The full functionality of the HIM diagnostics view is only available with Comfort Panels and
WinCC RT Advanced . Basic Panels do not support the complete range of system
diagnostics functions.
Two objects are available for system diagnostics on an HMI device.
System diagnostics view

The system diagnostics view reflects the current status of all accessible devices in your
plant. You navigate directly to the cause of the error and the associated device. You have
access to all diagnostics-capable devices that you have configured in the STEP 7 hardware
and network editor.
System diagnostics window

The system diagnostics window is an operating element and display object.
The functions of the system diagnostics window are the same as for the system diagnostics
view. Because the system diagnostics window is configured in the "Global screen", you can
also specify, for example, if the object can be closed in WinCC Runtime.
Note
Compatibility with Basic Panels
Only the "System diagnostics view" object is available with Basic Panels.
Basic Panels do not support the "System diagnostics window" object or the graphic symbol
"System diagnostics indicator".
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51

4.2.4.1
Configuring system diagnostics
Introduction
You add a system diagnostics view to your project to get an overview of all devices available
in your plant.
The system diagnostics window offers an overview of all devices available in your plant. The
system diagnostics window behaves like the system diagnostics view but is only available in
the global screen.
Requirements
At least one CPU has been set up in the project.
An HMI device (e.g., Comfort Panel) has been set up in the project.
CPU and the HMI device are connected with each other by an HMI connection.
You have created a screen (for the system diagnostics view).
The global screen is open (for the system diagnostics window).
The Inspector window is open.
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Procedure
Proceed as follows to configure the system diagnostics:
1. Double-click the "System diagnostics view" object in the "Tools" task card. The object is
added to the screen.
Figure 4-25
Adding a system diagnostics view
2. Select the "Properties" tab in the Inspector window.

3. Select the area "Columns".
4. Enable the columns that you require in the device view for WinCC Runtime, for example:
Status
Name
Operating mode
Slot
Address
5. Enable the columns that you require in the device view for WinCC Runtime, for example:
Status
Name
Operating mode
Plant designation
Address
6. You can change the column headers in the "Columns" area, if necessary.
7. Select the "Display" area.
8. Enable "Column settings > Columns moveable" to move the columns in WinCC Runtime.
9. To close the system diagnostics window in WinCC Runtime, select "Properties >
Window > Closable" in the "Properties" tab of the Inspector window.
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53

Result
The system diagnostics view has been added to the screen. The diagnostics status of the
entire plant is displayed in the system diagnostics view in WinCC Runtime.
Figure 4-26
System diagnostics view in the screen
The system diagnostics window has been added to the global screen. If there is an error
message in the plant, the system diagnostics window responds and displays the affected
device.
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54

4.2.4.2
Different views of the HMI diagnostics view
Introduction
There are three different views available in the system diagnostics view and the system
diagnostics window.
Device view
Details view
Matrix view (for master/IO systems only, PROFIBUS, PROFINET)
Device view
The device view shows all the available devices of a layer in a table. Double-clicking on a
device opens either the lower-level devices or the detail view. Symbols in the first column
provide information about the current state of the device.
Figure 4-27
Device view
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55

Details view
The detail view gives detailed information about the selected device and any pending errors.
Check whether the data is correct in the detail view.
Figure 4-28
Details view
Diagnostics
56

Matrix view
The matrix view is only available for distributed I/O systems. The matrix view shows the
status of the devices of the PROFIBUS/PROFINET subnet.
In PROFIBUS, the numbers assigned by PROFIBUS are used for identification
(DP station number).
In PROFINET, the IO devices are numbered consecutively from 1.
Figure 4-29
Matrix view
Navigation buttons
Button
Function
Opens the lower-level devices or the detail view if there are no lowerlevel devices.
Opens the higher-level device or the device view if there is no higherlevel device.
Opens the device view.
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4.2.4.3
Inserting system diagnostics indicator
Introduction
The system diagnostics indicator is a predefined graphic symbol of the library which alerts
you to errors in your plant.
The library object shows two different states:
No error
Error
Requirements
The "Libraries" task card is opened.
The global library "Buttons and Switches > DiagnosticsButtons" is open.
A screen is open.
The system diagnostics window has been set up in the global screen.
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Procedure
1. Select the "DiagnosticsIndicator" object in the library.
2. Drag-and-drop the library object to the position in the work area where you want to insert
the object.
The library object is added.
Figure 4-30
Inserting library object in the working area
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3. Select the library object.
4. Open the "Events" tab in the Inspector window.
The "ShowSystemDiagnosticsWindow" is preset for the event "Click".
Result
The system diagnostics indicator has been added to the project and connected with the
system diagnostics window.
The system diagnostics indicator changes its appearance if an error message is output in
WinCC Runtime. The system diagnostics window opens when you click on the system
diagnostics indicator. The system diagnostics window shows the detail view of the affected
device.
Configuring access protection for the system diagnostics window

Configure access protection for the system diagnostics indicator to prevent unauthorized
access to the system diagnostics windows.
1. Select the "DiagnosticsIndicator" object in the screen.
3. Select an authorization in the "Security in Runtime" area.
A logon dialog opens when you click on the system diagnostics indicator in WinCC Runtime.
The system diagnostics window does not open unless you have the required authorization.
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4.2.4.4
Configuring button as system diagnostics indicator
Introduction
Instead of using the object "DiagnosticsIndicator" from the library, you can, for example,
configure a button in "Graphic" mode to indicate errors in your plant.
Requirements
At least one CPU has been created.
The "Tools" task card is open.
A bit graphics list has been created with two different graphics for the states.
A screen is open.
You have created a system diagnostics view.
Procedure
Follow these steps to configure a button as system diagnostics indicator:
1. Double-click the "Button" object in the "Tools" task card. A button is added to the screen.
2. Enable the "Properties" tab in the Inspector window and the "Graphic" mode in the
"General" area.
3. Select the bit graphics list as graphics list.
4. Select the "Properties" tab in the Inspector window and select the tag
@DiagnosticsIndicatorTag under "Tag" in the "General" area.
5. To assign a function to the button, select the "Events" tab in the Inspector window.
6. Select the "Click" event.
7. Click on "Add function" in the table.
8. Select "EnableSystemDiagnosticsView".
9. Select the system diagnostics view.
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Result
You have configured an interface that reacts to error events from the CPU. The button
changes when an error event occurs in Runtime.
Figure 4-31
Configured button
The button has two states.

Error
The system diagnostics view opens when you click on the button. The system diagnostics
view shows the detail view of the affected device.
No error
The system diagnostics view opens when you click on the button. The system diagnostics
view shows the device view.
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62
System diagnostics by means of the user program

5.1
Options of system diagnostics in the user program
Introduction
You can configure responses to diagnostics alarms in the user program. You can, for
example, specify that your plant is stopped in case of specific diagnostics alarms.
Options of determining diagnostics in the user program

A vendor-independent structure of data records with diagnostics information applies. The
following instructions are available for determining the system diagnostics of a device:
Instruction
Description
RDREC
Includes error information on faulty modules
Works synchronously, which means processing takes place across several calls
Reads the start information of the OB when calling the diagnostics interrupt OB (OB 82)
Provides information on cause and location of error
DPNRM_DG
Reads the current diagnostics data of a DP slave (DP standard diagnostics)
GEN_DIAG
Generates diagnostics information
To generate diagnostics information, the module or submodule is identified with its logical address
Gen_UsrMsg
Generates an alarm that is entered in the diagnostics buffer
GET_DIAG
Provides diagnostics information
To provide diagnostics information, the module or submodule is selected
Provides diagnostics and status information on a connection
Reads the start information of the OB called last that has not been processed completely and the
startup OB started last
Provides general error information
LED
Reads the status of the module LED
Get_IM_Data
Reads the Information&Maintenance data of the CPU
Transfer_IM_Data
Transmits the Information&Maintenance data of the CPU
DeviceStates
Outputs the state of all devices of an IO system
ModuleStates
Outputs the state of all modules of a device
RALRM
T_DIAG
RD_SINFO
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5.2 System diagnostics using process image inputs
See the STEP 7 online help for additional information on the instructions for system
diagnostics.
5.2
System diagnostics using process image inputs
Introduction
In addition to event-driven system diagnostics, the input and output modules of the SIMATIC
series provide diagnostics information using the process image of the inputs.
The system diagnostics described in the preceding sections is made available
asynchronously to the program processing. To ensure the correct processing of the input
and output data in the case of faults while reading the input and output data, some modules
offer the so-called value status (QI = Quality Information) for evaluation.
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64

Requirement for evaluation of the value status

The diagnostics information about the process image of the inputs is transmitted
synchronized with the user data. Select the "Value status" check box in the properties of the
I/O module in STEP 7 if you want to evaluate the value status of the channel.
Figure 5-1
Enable value status
Evaluation of the value status

If you have enabled the value status for an I/O module, this module provides additional
information on the value status in addition to the user data. This information is directly
available in the process image of the inputs and can be called with simple binary operations.
Each channel is uniquely assigned one bit in the value status. The bit in the value status
indicates the validity of the read-in value in the user data.
Table 5- 1
Example for evaluation of the user datum in case of a wire break for a digital input module
Bit in user datum
Bit in value status
Value in user datum
Faulty channel
Logical 0
Invalid
Fault-free channel
Logical 0 (actual value)
Valid
Diagnostics
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Example - Evaluation of the value status for the input channel of an analog input module
The example below shows the basic evaluation of the value status for the input channel of
an analog input module in the user program. The diameter of a cylinder is measured by
means of a channel and its circumference is calculated.
If the value status indicates the channel is error-free, the circumference is to be
calculated.
If the value status indicates the channel is defective, the value "0" is to be output as
substitute value for the circumference.
The figure below shows the evaluation of the value status in the user program.
Figure 5-2
Example - Evaluation of the value status in the user program
Depending on the I/O module, the value status reserves different addresses in the process
image of the inputs. The specific manual for the used module includes specific information
on allocation and assignment.
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66
Alarms
Alarms allow you to display events from processing in the automation system and to quickly
detect errors, to precisely localize them and to remove them. Downtimes are significantly
reduced in a plant.
Before alarms can be output, they need to be configured.
You can create, edit and compile event-dependent alarms along with their alarm texts and
alarm attributes and display them on display devices.
In STEP 7, you create program alarms in the user program with the "Program_Alarm"
instruction. You edit the attributes and alarm texts in the alarm editor in STEP 7.
You can output the alarm status with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction.
Advantages of program alarms

Compared to other alarm methods, such as HMI discrete alarms, program alarms offer the
following advantages:
Central engineering in STEP 7: You only configure a program alarm once for the CPU.
The program alarm is automatically transferred from the CPU to all registered HMI
devices.
System-supported acknowledgment: The acknowledgment of a program alarm on an HMI
device is automatically updated on other HMI devices by the CPU.
Time stamping close to the event in the CPU
Identical time stamps of the alarms on multiple HMI devices without time synchronization
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Alarms
6.1 Creating alarms with the "Program_Alarm" instruction
6.1
Creating alarms with the "Program_Alarm" instruction

You create a program alarm in STEP 7 with the "Program_Alarm" instruction. The figure
below shows the "Program_Alarm" instruction with the most important input variables.
The "Program_Alarm" instruction monitors the signal at the SIG block input and generates a
program alarm in case of a signal change at the SIG parameter. The instruction generates an
incoming alarm when the signal changes from 0 to 1 and an outgoing program alarm if the
signal changes from 1 to 0. The program alarm is triggered synchronously to program
execution.
The time stamp is automatically created when the alarm event occurs in the automation system
and is passed along with the alarm.
You can append up to ten associated values to the program alarm at the parameters SD_i
(1 i 10). The associated values are acquired at the time of the signal change at the SIG
parameter and assigned to the program alarm.
Associated values are used to display dynamic contents in alarms.
Example: The temperature in the tank <associated value 1> is <associated value 2> C.
You can find more information on associated values in the STEP 7 online help.
Figure 6-1
"Program_Alarm" instruction
Note
The "Program_Alarm" instruction can only be called in a function block.
You can find more information on creating program alarms in the STEP 7 online help under
"Creating and editing alarms".
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Alarms
6.2 Editing alarms in the alarm editor
6.2
Editing alarms in the alarm editor

You can edit the created alarms in STEP 7 either in the program editor or in the alarm editor.
You can find more information on editing alarms in the program editor in the STEP 7 online
help under "Creating and editing alarms".
Editing alarms in the alarm editor

You can edit alarm texts in the alarm editor and specify attributes such as alarm class or
priority for the alarms.
The figure below shows the layout of the alarm editor.
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69
Alarms
6.2 Editing alarms in the alarm editor
"Program alarms" tab: You can edit program alarms here.
"Type alarms" area:
"System alarms" tab: System alarms can only be viewed but not edited. To edit these alarms, you must navigate to
the device view ("Go to device" menu command), where you can modify the system diagnostics alarms in the
Inspector window.
This is where the type alarms created in a function block with the "Program_Alarm" instruction are displayed. Type
alarms serves as templates for instance alarms ().
All the inputs you make for the type alarm are automatically included in the instance alarms derived from it.
You can find more information on type alarms in the STEP 7 online help under "Alarm types and alarms".
"Instance alarms" area:
When you assign an instance DB to the message block (for example, call in an OB, FB, FC), instance alarms are
automatically generated based on the template of the type alarm and alarm numbers are assigned.
You can modify the instance alarms for specific instances.
You can find more information on instance alarms in the STEP 7 online help under "Alarm types and alarms".
Properties of the selected type and instance alarm in the Inspector window
Figure 6-2
Layout of the alarm editor
You can enter or modify the necessary parameters, texts and attributes in the table or in the
Inspector window.
You can find more information on texts and attributes in the STEP 7 online help under "Texts
and attributes".
You can find more information on text lists in the STEP 7 online help under "Text lists for
alarms".
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Alarms
6.3 Display of program alarms
6.3
Display of program alarms

Program alarms you create with the "Program_Alarm" instruction are automatically made
available to the display devices.
You have the following options to display the alarms:
Display of the CPU
STEP 7
HMI
Web server of the CPU
Figure 6-3
Alarms in the user program
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Alarms
6.4 Output of the alarm state with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction
6.4
Output of the alarm state with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction
Output of the alarm state with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction

The "Get_AlarmState" instruction outputs the alarm state of a program alarm. The output of
the alarm state always refers to a program alarm that was created using the
"Program_Alarm" instruction.
The program alarm is selected with the "Alarm" input parameter. Specify the instance DB of
the "Program_Alarm" instruction at the "Alarm" parameter.
Figure 6-4
Call - Get_AlarmState
You can find additional information on evaluation of the "Get_AlarmState" instruction in the
STEP 7 online help.
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Alarms
6.5 Example program for program alarms
6.5
Example program for program alarms
6.5.1
Task
Introduction
This section describes the basic configuration of program alarms with the "Program_Alarm"
instruction based on two examples. The two examples solve the same problem but use a
different approach. Example 1 does not use associated values. In example 2, an associated
value is assigned to the program alarm to reference a text list.
Example - Minimum/maximum fill level of a tank

A tank is filled with a liquid. The fill level is monitored by two sensors.
If the liquid in the tank drops below a minimum fill level, an alarm is output for low fill level.
If the liquid in the tank exceeds a maximum fill level, an alarm is output for high fill level.
Figure 6-5
Example for fill level alarms
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Alarms
6.5.2
Example 1: Program alarm without associated values
Introduction
A program alarm is created for the minimum and the maximum fill level in this example.
How the example works

When the maximum fill level is exceeded in the tank, a program alarm with the alarm text for
the excessive fill level is output.
When the minimum fill level is undershot in the tank, a program alarm with the alarm text
indicating that the fill level is too low is output.
Steps
The following steps are necessary for this example:
Define variables to pick up the signal
Create function block
Create program alarms
Call function block
Edit alarm text

The following table shows the variables that are used in this example. Define these variables
in the standard variable table. The standard variable table is available in the project tree
under "PLC variables".
Table 6- 1
Variables for fill level alarms
Name
Data type
Description
max
BOOL
Variable for maximum fill level
min
BOOL
Variable for minimum fill level
If "max" = 1, the maximum fill level is exceeded.

If "min" = 1, the minimum fill level is undershot.
The figure below shows the standard variable table with the defined variables "max" and
"min".
Figure 6-6
Define variables
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74
Alarms

To create a function block, follow these steps:
1. Open the "Program blocks" folder in project tree.
2. Double-click "Add new block".
The "Add new block" dialog opens.
3. Select the button "Function block".
Figure 6-7
Create FB
4. Enter a name for the new block.

5. Select the language SCL.
6. Click on "OK" to confirm your input.
Result: You have created a function block.
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Alarms

To create the program alarm for the example program, follow these steps:
1. Select the created function block (FB) in the "Program blocks" folder in the project tree
and double-click the function block to open it.
2. Insert the call of the "Program_Alarm" instruction in the instruction part of the function
block. The "Program_Alarm" instruction is available in the "Instructions" task card under
"Extended instructions" > "Alarms".
The "Call options" window opens.
Figure 6-8
Calling PROGRAM_ALARM
3. Enter "level_max" as name and confirm the call options by clicking OK.
Result: The input variables of the "Program_Alarm" instruction are displayed in the
instruction part.
4. Supply the SIG input variable of the "Program_Alarm" instruction with the variables for the
maximum fill level.
#level_max(SIG:="max");
SIG: If a signal change occurs at the SIG input variable, the "Program_Alarm" instruction
generates a program alarm.
5. Insert another call of the "Program_Alarm" instruction.
6. Enter "level_min" as name and confirm the call options by clicking OK.
7. Result: The input variables of the "Program_Alarm" instruction are displayed in the
instruction part.
8. Supply the SIG input variable of the "Program_Alarm" instruction with the variables for the
minimum fill level.
#level_min(SIG:="min");
Result: You have created two type alarms.
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Alarms
Call function block

To call the function block in the user program, follow these steps:
1. In the "Program blocks" folder, select the cycle OB (e.g., OB1) in which you want to call
the function block and open the cycle OB with a double-click.
2. Select the function block you want to call in the "Program blocks" folder.
3. Drag the function block in the instruction part of the cycle OB.
Figure 6-9
Call function block
4. Confirm the call options by clicking OK.

Result: You have called the alarm block in the user program and created an instance alarm.
Diagnostics
77
Alarms
Edit alarm text

To edit the alarm text, follow these steps:
1. Double-click on "PLC_Alarms" in the project tree.
The alarm editor opens.
2. Select the type alarm for the maximum fill level.
3. Enter the alarm text for the maximum fill level in the "Alarm text" column.
4. Select the type alarm for the minimum fill level.
5. Enter the alarm text for the minimum fill level in the "Alarm text" column.
Figure 6-10
Edit alarm text
Result: You have created the alarm texts for both type alarms.
Diagnostics
78
Alarms
6.5.3
Example 2: Program alarm with associated value
Introduction
A shared program alarm is created for the maximum and the minimum fill level in this
example. The program alarm is given an associated value. The program alarm uses the
associated value to access a text list entry and outputs a separate alarm text for the
minimum and the maximum fill level.
How the example works

The program alarm is output if either the minimum fill level is undershot or the maximum fill
level is exceeded.
The associated value 1 of the "Program_Alarm" instruction is assigned the variable for the
maximum fill level. The associated value references a text list with the entries "0" and "1".
The following scenarios are possible for output of the alarm text:
Associated value is "0": The entry "0" of the text list with the alarm text for the undershot
fill level is output.
Associated value is "1": The entry "1" of the text list with the alarm text for the excessive
fill level is output.
Steps
The following steps are necessary for this example:
Call function block
Creating a text list
Edit alarm text
Diagnostics
79
Alarms

The following table shows the variables that are used in this example. Define these variables
in the standard variable table. The standard variable table is available in the project tree
under "PLC variables".
Table 6- 2
Variables for fill level alarms
Name
Data type
Description
max
BOOL
Variable for maximum fill level

If "max" = 1, the maximum fill level is exceeded.
min
BOOL
Variable for minimum fill level

If "min" = 1, the minimum fill level is undershot.
The figure below shows the standard variable table with the defined variables "max" and
"min".
Figure 6-11
Define variables
Diagnostics
80
Alarms
Create function blocks

To create a function block, follow these steps:
1. Open the "Program blocks" folder in project tree.
2. Double-click "Add new block".
The "Add new block" dialog opens.
3. Select the button "Function block".
Figure 6-12
Create FB
4. Enter a name for the new block.

5. Select the language SCL.
6. Click on "OK" to confirm your input.
Result: You have created a function block.
Diagnostics
81
Alarms
Create program alarm

To create the program alarm for the example program, follow these steps:
1. Select the created function block (FB) in the "Program blocks" folder in the project tree.
2. Insert the call of the "Program_Alarm" instruction in the instruction part of the function
block. The "Program_Alarm" instruction is available in the "Instructions" task card under
"Extended instructions" > "Alarms".
Figure 6-13
Calling PROGRAM_ALARM
3. Enter "level_alarm" as name and confirm the call options by clicking OK.
Result: The input variables of the "Program_Alarm" instruction are displayed in the
instruction part.
4. Supply the SIG input variable of the "Program_Alarm" instruction with the XOR logic
operation of the variables for minimum and maximum fill level and the input variable
SD_1 with the variable for the maximum fill level.
#level_alarm(SIG:="min"XOR"max",SD_1:="max");
SIG: If a signal change occurs at the SIG input variable, the "Program_Alarm" instruction
generates a program alarm.
SD_1: The associated value is acquired at the time of the signal change at input variable
and assigned to the program alarm.
Result: You have created a type alarm.
Diagnostics
82
Alarms
Call function block

To call the function block in the user program, follow these steps:
1. In the "Program blocks" folder, select the cycle OB (e.g., OB1) in which you want to call
the function block and open the cycle OB with a double-click.
2. Select the function block you want to call in the "Program blocks" folder.
3. Drag the function block in the instruction part of the cycle OB.
Figure 6-14
Call function block
4. Confirm the call options by clicking OK.

Result: You have called the alarm block in the user program and created an instance
alarm.
Diagnostics
83
Alarms

To create the text list for the example program, follow these steps:
1. Double-click on the "Text lists" command in the program tree.
The text list editor opens.
2. Double-click "<Add>" in the text lists area.
A new text list is added.
3. Name the text list "level_textlist".
4. Double-click "<Add>" in the text lists area of level_textlist.
A new text list entry is added in the level_textlist text list.
5. Enter the alarm text for the maximum fill level in the "Entry" column.
6. Add another entry in the text list.
7. Enter the alarm text for the minimum fill level in the "Entry" column.
Figure 6-15
Result: You have created the text list for the alarm text.
Diagnostics
84
Alarms
Edit alarm text

To edit the alarm text for the example program, follow these steps:
1. Double-click on "PLC_Alarms" in the project tree.
The alarm editor opens.
2. Select the type alarm created for the example.
3. Click in the "Alarm text" column.
4. Open the shortcut menu and select the command "Insert dynamic parameter (text list)".
Figure 6-16
Edit alarm text
The window below opens.
Figure 6-17
Insert dynamic parameter (text list)
5. Select the text list "level_textlist" and the variable "max". Confirm your selection by
clicking "OK".
Result: You have created the alarm text for the type alarms.
If the variable "max" (associated value 1) is 0, the message text "level too low" is output.
If the variable "max" (associated value 1) is 1, the alarm text "level too high" is output.
Diagnostics
85
Alarms
6.5.4
Displaying the alarm
Displaying the alarm in the Web server

The figure below shows the display of the alarm in the Web server for both examples.
Figure 6-18
Displaying the alarm in the Web server
Displaying the alarm in STEP 7

Note
Displaying alarms in STEP 7
To display alarms in STEP 7, enable the option "Receive alarms" in the shortcut menu of the
CPU.
The figure below shows the display of the alarm in STEP 7 for both examples.
Figure 6-19
Display in STEP 7
Diagnostics
86
Service & Support
The unmatched complete service for the entire life cycle

For machine constructors, solution providers and plant operators: The service offering from
Siemens Industry Automation and Drive Technologies includes comprehensive services for a
wide range of different users in all sectors of the manufacturing and process industry.
To accompany our products and systems, we offer integrated and structured services that
provide valuable support in every phase of the life cycle of your machine or plant from
planning and implementation through commissioning as far as maintenance and
modernization.
Our Service & Support accompanies you worldwide in all matters concerning automation and
drive technology from Siemens. We provide direct on-site support in more than 100 countries
through all phases of the life cycle of your machines and plants.
You have an experienced team of specialists at your side to provide active support and
bundled know-how. Regular training courses and intensive contact among our employees
even across continents ensure reliable service in the most diverse areas
Diagnostics
87
Service & Support
Online Support
The comprehensive online information platform supports you in all aspects of our Service &
Support at any time and from any location in the world.
You can find Online Support on the Internet at the following address: Internet
(http://www.siemens.com/automation/service&support).
Technical Consulting
Support in planning and designing your project: From detailed actual-state analysis,
definition of the goal and consultation on product and system questions right through to the
creation of the automation solution.
Technical Support
Expert advice on technical questions with a wide range of demand-optimized services for all
our products and systems.
You can find Technical Support on the Internet at the following address: Internet
(http://www.siemens.com/automation/support-request).
Training
Extend your competitive edge through practical know-how directly from the manufacturer.
You can find the training courses we offer on the Internet at the following address: Internet
(http://www.siemens.com/sitrain).
Engineering Support
Support during project engineering and development with services fine-tuned to your
requirements, from configuration through to implementation of an automation project.
Field Service
Our Field Service offers you services for commissioning and maintenance to ensure that
your machines and plants are always available.
Spare parts
In every sector worldwide, plants and systems are required to operate with constantly
increasing reliability. We will provide you with the support you need to prevent a standstill
from occurring in the first place: with a worldwide network and optimum logistics chains.
Repairs
Downtimes cause problems in the plant as well as unnecessary costs. We can help you to
reduce both to a minimum with our worldwide repair facilities.
Diagnostics
88
Service & Support
Optimization
During the service life of machines and plants, there is often a great potential for increasing
productivity or reducing costs.
To help you achieve this potential, we are offering a complete range of optimization services.
Modernization
You can also rely on our support when it comes to modernization with comprehensive
services from the planning phase all the way to commissioning.
Service programs
Our service programs are selected service packages for an automation and drives system or
product group. The individual services are coordinated with each other to ensure smooth
coverage of the entire life cycle and support optimum use of your products and systems.
The services of a Service Program can be flexibly adapted at any time and used separately.
Examples of service programs:
Service contracts
Plant IT Security Services
Life Cycle Services for Drive Engineering
SIMATIC PCS 7 Life Cycle Services
SINUMERIK Manufacturing Excellence
SIMATIC Remote Support Services
Advantages at a glance:
Reduced downtimes for increased productivity
Optimized maintenance costs due to a tailored scope of services
Costs that can be calculated and therefore planned
Service reliability due to guaranteed response times and spare part delivery times
Customer service personnel will be supported and relieved of additional tasks
Comprehensive service from a single source, fewer interfaces and greater expertise
Contact
At your service locally, around the globe: your partner for consultation, sales, training,
service, support, spare parts and for the entire range of products supplied by Industry
Automation and Drive Technologies.
You can find your personal contact in our contacts database at: Internet
(http://www.siemens.com/automation/partner).
Diagnostics
89
Glossary
Alarm
An message sent to the operator due to events or states of the system.
Button (WinCC)
Object in WinCC that points out faults in the plant
Channel fault
Channel-related error of an individual channel - an I/O with inputs, for example, wire break or
short circuit
Device
Modules with a network connection are referred to as device. Devices are installed on racks
where they can be interconnected with other modules.
Diagnostics buffer
A buffered memory area in the CPU; it stores diagnostics events in the order of their
occurrence
Firmware of the CPU

In SIMATIC, a distinction is made between the firmware of the CPU and user programs.
The firmware is a software embedded in electronic devices, which means it is permanently
connected with the hardware functionally. It is usually saved in a flash memory, such as
EPROM, EEPROM or ROM, and cannot be replaced by the user or only with special means
or functions.
User program: see glossary entry "User program"
Global screen (WinCC)

A screen that is opened in the system diagnostics window is a global screen.
HMI device
Human Machine Interface, device for visualization and control of automation processes.
Diagnostics
90
Glossary
HMI diagnostics view (WinCC)

The HMI diagnostics view is an object in WinCC. The HMI diagnostics view can only be used
with Comfort Panels and WinCC Advanced RT.
I/O module
Device of the distributed I/O that is used as interface between the controller and the process.
Industrial Ethernet
Guideline for setting up Ethernet in an industrial environment. The main difference to the
standard Ethernet is the mechanical current carrying capacity and interference immunity of
the individual components.
Memory reset
Procedure to set the memories of the CPU to a defined initial state.
PLC
Programmable Logic Controller: Component of the CNC by which the machine manufacturer
coordinates the interaction between the NC requirements (part program), the inputs of the
machine operator and the current machine state.
PROFIBUS
Standard for fieldbus communication in automation technology.
PROFINET
Open component-based industrial communication system based on Ethernet for distributed
automation systems. Communication technology promoted by the PROFIBUS Users
Organization.
Subnet
Part of a network whose parameters must be synchronized with the devices (e.g., with
PROFINET). It includes the bus components and all connected stations. Subnets can be
linked by means of gateways, for example, to form a network.
System diagnostics
In the SIMATIC environment, diagnostics of devices and modules is collectively referred to
as system diagnostics. System diagnostics is used, for example, to monitor the states of the
following components in the system: Power supply, device, I/O.
Diagnostics
91
Glossary
System diagnostics indicator (WinCC)

The system diagnostics indicator is a predefined graphic symbol of the library which alerts
you to errors in your plant and displays two states: No error, error
Topology
Structure of a network. Common structures include:
Linear bus topology
Ring topology
Star topology
Tree topology
User program
In SIMATIC, a distinction is made between user programs and the firmware of the CPU.
The user program contains all instructions, declarations and data by which a plant or process
can be controlled. It is assigned to a programmable module (for example, CPU, FM) and can
be structured in smaller units.
Firmware: see glossary entry "Firmware of the CPU"
Value status
The value status describes a specific signal state. The value status is constantly updated
and cyclically transmitted by the field device as quality statement together with the measured
value.
Web server
Software/ communication service for data exchange using Ethernet. The web server
provides the documents by means of standardized transmission protocols (HTTP, HTTPS) to
a web browser. Documents can be static or dynamic upon request by the web browser
composed from different sources by the web server.
WinCC
Windows Control Center: a PC-based process visualization system
WinCC Runtime
Component of the basic software WinCC
Diagnostics
92
Index
"
"Diagnostics" tab
Alarm display, 35
Connection information, 35
Device information, 35
Inspector window, 35
HMI diagnostics view

Comfort Panels, 51
Details view, 55
Device view, 55
Matrix view, 55
Views, 55
WinCC Advanced RT, 51
I
A
Accessible devices
Diagnostics status, 28
Offline project, 28
Activate the web server, 45
Alarm display
Active alarms, 38
Archive view, 38
Alarms, 20
Acknowledgment, 20
D
Device information
Online status, 36
Operating mode, 36
Devices & networks
Current state, 30
Go online, 30
Diagnostics buffer
Diagnostic events, 39
Retentive memory, 39
Display of the CPU
Display options, 24
Input options, 24
Status information, 24
dynamize
Object appearance, 61
H
HMI
System diagnostics view, 51
System diagnostics window, 51
I/O module
Inputs, 43
Settings, 43
L
LED arrangement, 23
Library
System diagnostics indicator, 58
O
Online & diagnostics
Activities, 33
Information, 33
Online access, 33
Online mode, 33
Online tools
CPU operator panel, 41
Cycle time, 41
Memory, 41
Memory usage, 41
Online view, 41
Task card, 41
P
Process image inputs, 64
Quality Information, 64
User datum, 64
Value status, 64
Diagnostics
93
Index
Q
Quick start, 12
Using display, 13
Using STEP 7, 15
S
Setting options, 20
Symbol
For comparison, 27
For hardware diagnostics, 26
For operating mode, 27
For software diagnostics, 27
System diagnostics
Advantages, 11
Button, 61
Display concept, 11
Properties, 9
System diagnostics indicator
Button as system diagnostics indicator, 61
Inserting, 58
System diagnostics view, 51
Configuring, 52
System diagnostics indicator, 58
Configuring, 52
Global screen, 52
U
User program
Instructions, 63
Response to diagnostics alarms, 63
W
Web server
Alarms, 44
Browser, 44
Diagnostics buffer, 44
Integrated web server, 44
Module information, 44
Web pages, 44
Diagnostics
94

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Diagnostics

Proper use of Siemens products

Copyright Siemens AG 2013 - 2014.

Basic knowledge required

Scope of the documentation

Changes compared to previous version

Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC

Documentation guide .............................................................................................................................. 7

Overview of system diagnostics .............................................................................................................. 9

Properties of system diagnostics ................................................................................................... 9

Benefits of innovative system diagnostics ...................................................................................11

Quick start ............................................................................................................................................ 12

Using the display of the CPU .......................................................................................................13

Using STEP 7...............................................................................................................................15

Setting and determining system diagnostics .......................................................................................... 20

Configuring alarms for system diagnostics ..................................................................................20

Options for displaying system diagnostics ...................................................................................22

System diagnostics by means of the user program ................................................................................ 63

Options of system diagnostics in the user program .....................................................................63

System diagnostics using process image inputs .........................................................................64

Creating alarms with the "Program_Alarm" instruction ............................................................... 68

Editing alarms in the alarm editor ............................................................................................... 69

Display of program alarms .......................................................................................................... 71

Output of the alarm state with the "Get_AlarmState" instruction ................................................ 72

Example program for program alarms ........................................................................................ 73

Service & Support ................................................................................................................................. 87

Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC

Overview of the documentation on the topic "System diagnostics"

Documentation on the topic "System diagnostics"

Most important contents

STEP 7 (TIA Portal)

Online help for STEP 7 Professional V13

Configuring and programming

S7-1500 Automation System

ET 200SP distributed I/O system

Most important contents

For S7-1500, ET 200MP,

PROFIBUS with STEP 7 V13

PROFINET with STEP 7 V13

Diagnostics via web server

Interrupt, error and system

Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC

Overview of system diagnostics

Properties of system diagnostics

Properties ofSIMATIC system diagnostics

Overview of system diagnostics

Overview of system diagnostics in a plant

Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC

Overview of system diagnostics

Benefits of innovative system diagnostics

System diagnostics is also possible in STOP.

Uniform display concept

Sequence of the system diagnostics

Function Manual, 06/2014, A5E03735838-AC

Using the display of the CPU

Determining diagnostics information using the display of the S7-1500 CPU

Display of the S7-1500 CPU

2. Select the "Alarms" entry from the "Diagnostics" menu.

Display of the error message in the display of the S7-1500 CPU