PH & Temperature

EXPERIMENT 4
pH and TEMPERATURE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Accurate measurement and reporting of pH data has been a long-standing problem due
to the effects of temperature. An increase in any solutions temperature will cause a
decrease in its viscosity and an increase in the mobility of its ions in solution. An
increase in temperature may also lead to an increase in the number of ions in solution
due to the dissociation of molecules (this is particularly true for weak acids and bases).
As pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration, a change in the temperature of a
solution will be reflected by a subsequent change in pH.
In addition, changes in temperature will also have an influence on the measuring sensor
used. Overall, the effects of temperature can be divided into two main categories:
Temperature effects that diminish the accuracy and speed of response of the
Electrode.
Temperature Coefficient of Variation effects on the material being measured by the
sensor, whether it be calibration buffer or sample.
Further sub-classification is necessary for each of these categories in order to
understand the cause of the problem and determine the optimal remedial action.
2.0 OBJECTIVE
i.
To determine the pH and temperature in water and waste water.
ii.
To learn the manual and digital for test pH and temperature method.
3.0 MATERIAL AND APPARATUS
Figure 3.1: BOD Bottle (300 Ml)
Figure 3.2: Beakers 200 Ml
Figure 3.3: Universal Test Paper
Figure 3.4: Thermometer
(Ph 0 14)
Figure 3.5: LaMotte/ Eutech digital testing
4.0 PROCEDURE
Measuring the pH of your sample solution
1. Calibrate your pH meter.
2. Secure accurately a representative sample and place enough of your sample solution
into a small beaker so that it can accommodate a small magnetic stirrer bar,
electrode(s) and temperature probe (if fitted).
Figure 1: pH test of sample.
3. If your pH meter is not fitted with a temperature probe you will have to manually
measure the temperature of your selected sample with a thermometer and adjust the
temperature control on your pH meter to the samples temperature.
Figure 2: Determination Of pH Value

4. Remove the protective cap(s) from the electrode(s) and rinse of the electrodes and
temperature probe (if fitted) with distilled water using a squeeze bottle.
5. Dab dry the bottom of the glass bulb with a folded tissue paper.
NOTE: Do not wipe the glass bulb as it can produce interfering static charges or may
permanently scratch the glass bulb affecting the electrode's response.
6. Place electrode(s) and temperature probe into the your sample solution.
Figure 3: determine the temperature.

7. Make sure that the porous frit is covered with your solution and that the solution is
being stirred manually or with your magnetic stirrer.
8. Record the pH reading along side the temperature it was measured at.
5.0 RESULT
Manual
Electrometric Meter
Type of water
8.61
Wastewater
pH
( outlet)
29 C
28.5C
Temperature0
pH
Wastewater
(outlet)
8.64
Wastewater
(inlet)
Temperature
29 C
28.2 C
Wastewater
(inlet)
6.0 DISCUSSION
6
a) Why pH and temperature important in aquatic environment

pH because the aquatic environment need correct pH value to survive. The water
should not contain a lot of acidic or alkali ,if not the aquatic organism cannot
breath and eventually die. The best pH value is 7,which is very hard to get in now
days water, because of contamination.
Temperature is another factor for aquatic environment to survive. This is because
aquatic organism very sensitive to temperature , the optimum temperature for it to
survive is 370c
b) Give 3 factors affecting the pH and temperature
- contamination
- open burning
- increase of vehicles
c) Why the purpose manual and digital testing.
To see is the manual and digital testing is having the same accuracy,and it is proven
for temperature is has same accuracy level but for pH value it is different.
7.0 CONCLUSION
7
From this experiment we knew that the manual method of reading the pH value and
the temperature is almost the same with using the electrometric meter. The accuracy is
same in temperature but for the pH value there is some error while doing the reading
using manual technique, it is parallax error, we cannot see the color changed very
clearly.

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What is the purpose of measuring pH and temperature in water and wastewater samples?

What factors can affect the pH and temperature of aquatic environments?

EXPERIMENT 4

To determine the pH and temperature in water and waste water.

3.0 MATERIAL AND APPARATUS

Figure 3.1: BOD Bottle (300 Ml)

Figure 3.2: Beakers 200 Ml

Figure 3.3: Universal Test Paper

Figure 3.4: Thermometer

Figure 3.5: LaMotte/ Eutech digital testing

Figure 1: pH test of sample.

Figure 2: Determination Of pH Value

Figure 3: determine the temperature.

a) Why pH and temperature important in aquatic environment

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