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INTRODUCTION
TO BOATING

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................
Chapter 1....................................................................................................................................................
Guide to Buying a Boat...........................................................................................................................
Types of Boats....................................................................................................................................
Fishing/Bass Boat............................................................................................................................
Aluminum or Fiberglass?.............................................................................................................
Cruising Boats.................................................................................................................................
Pontoon Boats.................................................................................................................................
House Boats....................................................................................................................................
Ski Boats.........................................................................................................................................
Sailboats..........................................................................................................................................
Which Boat is Right for You?...............................................................................................................
Costs Involved in Owning a Boat........................................................................................................
Chapter 2....................................................................................................................................................
Buying a Used Boat................................................................................................................................
Why Buy a Used Boat.........................................................................................................................
What to Consider when Buying a Used Boat......................................................................................
Engine Checklist..............................................................................................................................
Boating Check List...........................................................................................................................
Checking the Trailer............................................................................................................................
Best Places to Buy a Used Boat.........................................................................................................
Financing your Boat Purchase............................................................................................................
Registration and Insurance.................................................................................................................
Chapter 3....................................................................................................................................................
Boat Maintenance...................................................................................................................................
Taking Preventing Action.....................................................................................................................
Motor Care Tips...................................................................................................................................
Regular Boat Maintenance..................................................................................................................
Tips for Emergency Boat Repair.........................................................................................................
What to do if your Engine Stalls..........................................................................................................
What to do if you Start to Lose Engine Oil..........................................................................................
What to do if you Have a Broken Pipe or Hose...................................................................................
What to do if your Boat Starts to Take on Water.................................................................................
Guide to Boating Equipment...............................................................................................................
Chapter 4....................................................................................................................................................
Tips for Getting out on the Water............................................................................................................
Preparing to Get on the Water............................................................................................................
Launching your Boat...........................................................................................................................
Moving in the Water............................................................................................................................
Navigation Rules or Rules of the Road...............................................................................................
Boating Safety Tips.............................................................................................................................
Chapter 5....................................................................................................................................................
Boating Etiquette for Guests and Children.............................................................................................

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Let your Guests Know what is Expected.............................................................................................

Tips for Boating with Children.............................................................................................................
Prepare for Children Onboard.........................................................................................................
Prepare Children to be Safe Onboard.............................................................................................
Chapter 6....................................................................................................................................................
What to Do in Case of Emergency.........................................................................................................
What to do if your Boat Capsizes........................................................................................................
Person Overboard...............................................................................................................................
What to do if you Fall into Cold Water.................................................................................................
Fires Onboard.....................................................................................................................................
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................................

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Introduction

All around the country, many people enjoy the joys of boating. For those who enjoy boating, there
is nothing better than being out on the water with a gentle breeze blowing, the sun shining and the
weather perfect in temperature.

If this sounds like something that you would enjoy, there are some guidelines that you should be
aware of before you head out to the lake or the ocean. There is actually much more involved in
boating than just simply putting your boat in the water. In order to enjoy the most of boating, it is
important to understand as much about boating as possible as well as boat safety.

There are a number of advantages that are offered from boating that you may have never considered.
One of the best benefits of boating is that it can draw you closer together as a family. In addition,
boating can be a great stress reliever and it can also be a tremendous amount of fun.

Whether you are water skiing, fishing or just simply relaxing on the deck of your boat, boating can
definitely improve the quality of your life.

Regardless of where you live, chances are you live somewhere near where you can enjoy boating.
As a result, boating is one of the most convenient and readily available forms of entertainment that
requires very little travel.

If you have never boated before, there is no reason to be concerned. While there is certainly a lot
about boating that should be learned, what you need to learn is easy to learn. Within this book
we will explore everything that you need to know about boating, covering everything from how to
choose a boat to boat safety. Regardless of whether you are interested in boating because you want
to enjoy the recreational aspect of it or you are interested in fishing, once you complete this book
you will be ready to take your boat out onto the water.

Lets get started!

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Chapter 1

Guide to Buying a Boat

Many people like the idea of being able to enjoy boating as a recreational activity but have never
taken it up because they think they will not be able to afford to purchase their own boat. There is
no doubt that buying a boat can involve a large purchase, but it may actually be less expensive
to purchase a boat than you might think because of the many different options that are available
when buying a boat.

In most cases, dealers who sell boats will offer financing when you purchase a boat. In addition, it
is usually possible to secure a personal loan through a bank that will allow you to purchase a boat
as well. The payments on a loan for the purchase of a bank will vary based upon three different
factors, the amount that you finance, your interest rate and the length of time that you finance the
loan.

While purchasing a new boat is certainly an option, if you are looking to keep your payments low,
another option that you might consider is to purchase a previously owned boat. This is actually a
very good idea if you are buying your first boat. This will give you an opportunity to learn more
about boating without spending a lot of money and once you are more comfortable with the idea of
boating, you can then upgrade your purchase and fund it by selling your old boat.

Lets take a look at exactly what types of boats are available. If you are just starting out in boating,
it can be easy to become confused by the different terminology as well as the different types of
boats, so lets take a look at some of the more common types of boats.

Types of Boats

Fishing/Bass Boat
This type of boat is very simple, it is a fishing boat and they are used primarily for fishing. Most
types of fishing boats will be powered by outboard motors. There may also be a trolling motor that
is mounted on the bow of the boat as well.

Aluminum or Fiberglass?
Most fishing boats are made of either fiberglass or aluminum. Aluminum boats are lighter and as a
result they are much easier to maneuver through the water than fiberglass boats. Aluminum boats
also require a smaller motor. If you have a small vehicle, an aluminum boat may also be a good

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choice because it will be easier to tow using a small vehicle.

The typical size of fishing boats will be between 16 and 20 feet long. The horsepower for motors for
fishing boats will be between 50 and 200 horsepower. Most fishing boats will feature a live bait and
fish well that can be used for storing the fish you catch and will also typically have a storage area
for storing rods, reels and your tackle as well.
Generally, aluminum boats will be less expensive than fiberglass boats. The price of aluminum
boats purchased brand new can vary, but at a minimum you should plan to spend around $7,000.
A fiberglass boat will certainly look better on the water than an aluminum boat. You can choose
fiberglass boats in a variety of different colors. These boats are popular because they are capable
of achieving speeds far higher than aluminum boats. If you are looking at more professional levels
of fishing then a fiberglass boat is a must. The price range of a fiberglass boat can vary, but you
should plan to spend $10,000 at a minimum and up to $75,000 for a top end fiberglass boat.

Cruising Boats
A cruising boat is a type of boat that is specially designed for taking trips. These boats are really
designed to act as a home away from home. Most cruising boats will feature all the comforts of
home, including microwaves, televisions and other amenities that you will find at home. A cruising
boat will also commonly feature a kitchen, or galley, where you can prepare meals as well as a
bathroom and shower. The fuel capacity of a cruising boat is commonly quite large, allowing you to
enjoy the ability of taking longer trips.
Most cruising boats are between 24 and 33 feet long and feature extremely powerful motors that
are necessary for taking longer trips on large bodies of water, including the ocean. The starting
price for a cruising boat is typically at least $25,000 and can go up to $200,000.

Pontoon Boats
A pontoon boat is a good choice when you are looking to enjoy a leisurely sail with a large group
of people. Pontoon boats are fairly lightweight and are specifically designed to make the most
use of space as possible. Most pontoon boats have decks that are wide open and feature a lot of
seating.

Such boats can be used for many different purposes, including cruising, fishing and even for
overnight trips in some cases. One of the reasons that pontoon boats are so popular is that their
starting prices are commonly much less than other boats and they can be used for a variety of
purposes. In addition, these types of boats can be easily customized to the boaters needs.

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House Boats
House boats are designed to be lived upon. They can be used as a full-time home or they can be
used as a weekend getaway. These types of boats are literally floating homes. Most house boats
are best suited for inland lakes and waters but it is possible to take them out on larger bodies of
water if safety is exercised carefully.

House beats feature a galley, multiple sleeping cabins and all of the comforts of home, including air
conditioning and a laundry room. Most house boats range in size from 20 to 65 feet. The starting
price for a new house boat is typically around $60,000.

Ski Boats
Ski boats are designed for inner tubing, skiing and wake boarding. These are extremely powerful
boats that may feature an inboard or outboard motor. The size of ski boats ranges between 18 and
22 feet. The average starting price for ski boats is around $25,000.

Sailboats
Sailboats are powered by wind rather than a mechanical propulsion system. There are three different
types of sailboats.

Day Sailer-this type of sail boat is a relatively small boat which is designed for easy sailing but
which does not have any sleeping accommodations. This type of sailboat will have a spacious
cockpit and may also have an auxiliary outboard engine.

Cruiser-this type of sailboat is a medium sized boat that features a toilet, sleeping quarters and a
galley where food can be prepared. There is often an auxiliary engine as well.

Racer-this type of sailboat is build for speed as well as easy handling.

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Which Boat is Right for You?

When determining which type of boat is right for you, it is important to first consider the types of
activity that most interest you. Are you more interested in fishing or water skiing? Will you take
any overnight trips or will you have a large group of people coming along with you while you are
on your boat? What types of waters will you be taking your boat out in?

These are all important questions that should be considered in order to determine the best type of
boat for meeting your needs. Of course, it is also important to make sure that whatever boat that
you choose will be affordable. You certainly do not want to make the mistake of selecting a boat
that you will not be able to afford in a few months. Before you actually begin shopping around for
a boat, it is important to make sure that you sit down and take a look at your budget to determine
exactly how much you will be able to afford to spend on a boat. You will then be able to concentrate
on being able to shop for a boat within the price range that you can afford.

When considering what you can afford to spend on a boat, it is important to keep in mind that there
is more involved in owning a boat than just the monthly payment. It is imperative that you keep
other costs in mind to make sure that you do not get in over your head regarding your boating
expenses. Below are some of the most common costs that you will encounter in owning a boat:

Costs Involved in Owning a Boat

Liability/Damage Insurance-The price of this will vary but you should plan to spend between
$400 and $800 per year.

Towing Insurance-This is an optional type of insurance, but it can certainly be well worth it.
Plan to pay up to about $100 per year.

State registration-expect to pay between $50 and $200 per year, depending upon where
you live.

Mechanical maintenance-even if you buy a new boat, you should plan to spend some money
on routine maintenance. Plan to pay up to about $1,000 per year.

Major mechanical repairs-once again, the cost of this will vary, but you should plan to spend
between $500 and $4,000 per year.

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Fuel-The price of fuel will depend upon how much you use your boat, but you should plan to
spend $200 per month at a minimum and up to $1,000 per month.

In water marina storage-if you do not plan to store your boat at your home, you will need
to plan to spend between $200 and $800 per month for this type of storage.

Dry marina storage-this type of storage will run between $200 and $400 per month.

There are also other factors that should be taken into consideration when choosing a boat as well.
For example, you should consider the type of vehicle that you have available for hauling the boat
that you choose. Larger boats typically require a more powerful vehicle to haul them. If all you have
is a compact car, then your boating choices may be limited.

You should also consider your own boating skills as well. If you are new to boating, you may not
need a big boat that will be difficult to handle. It may be better to instead choose a more lightweight
boat that will be easier to handle.

Finally, determine whether it would be better to buy a new boat or a used boat. If you think that
you will use the boat for a long time and will not be looking to replace it anytime soon, then it may
actually be better to purchase a new boat, if you think that you can afford to spend the money on
a new boat at this time.

On the other hand, if you think that you may choose to upgrade your boat within a relatively short
period of time then it may be more cost effective to purchase a used boat now and then trade it in
on a new boat in a couple of years.

Taking these guidelines into consideration will help you to choose the best boat for your needs so
that you can enjoy boating to the fullest extent possible.

In the next section, we will go into greater detail regarding how to purchase a used boat.

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Chapter 2

Buying a Used Boat

While it is certainly nice to have a new boat, many people find that it simply makes more sense for
them to purchase a previously owned boat. In many cases you can buy a previously owned boat
that is in just as good condition as a new boat for a price tag that is far less expensive. If all you
are ultimately interested in is getting a boat out on the water, then buying a used boat can be an
easy and affordable way to do that.

Why Buy a Used Boat

When buying a used boat there are some things that you should be aware of in order to buy a boat
that meets your needs, you can afford and is in good condition. One thing that you should be aware
of when buying a used boat is that the process is actually different from buying a used car. One of
the main differences is that used boats often have not been used much at all. In fact, many used
boats have less than two hundred hours of engine use, making them a great purchase for someone
who wants to save some money while getting a boat that is in good condition.

In addition, oftentimes, you can find a used boat that will come with some of the equipment that
you would otherwise have to buy separately when buying a new boat, such as life jackets, dock
lines, safety equipment, etc.

Of course, it is important to make sure that the used boat you consider buying really is in good
shape and does not have any mechanical problems that can cause you headaches later on. It is
imperative that you inspect the boat prior to purchasing it to be sure that it is in good condition. It
can even be a good idea to have an experienced boat mechanic go over the boat just to be sure.

Keep in mind when buying a used boat that even though you may personally inspect it and even
have a mechanic go over it, it is still a good idea to set aside around $1,000 above the actual
purchase price for repairs that may be needed for the boat.
Below we will go through some of the things that you should make sure you are looking for when
buying a used boat.

What to Consider when Buying a Used Boat

Consider who the manufacturer of the boat is? Is the company still in business? If they are in
business, it will make it easier to obtain parts as needed.

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Has the boat been well maintained? Even if you do not know a lot about boating yet, you can
easily determine whether the boat has been well cared for. Look at the upholstery on the boat to
determine whether it has excessive use. If the boat looks as though it has been neglected, you can
usually assume that it has been and you may be in for a lot of repairs.
Find out why the owner is selling the boat. The best situation would be if they have decided to
upgrade to a newer or better boat. If that is the case, it will be easy to understand that they are
serious about boating and will have likely taken care of the boat. If you discover that they are
selling the boat because they can no longer afford it, you should be wary because this may mean
that the owner is irresponsible about several areas of their life and may not have properly cared
for the boat.
Be sure that all of the equipment on the boat has been properly installed and that it is functioning
properly. Whenever possible, it is always best to try to take the boat out on the water and give it
a test run.
Ask to see the maintenance log if the owner has one. A serious boater will be able to show you
his maintenance log. This log will show you a record of everything that has been done to the boat,
including repairs, oil changes and tune-ups.
Ask the owner how they primarily used the boat. If they used the boat primarily for fishing, be
sure to carefully inspect the motor. This is important because in the event that the owner spent
significant time trolling at low speeds, the motor may have some damage.
If you are buying an expensive boat, it can even be worth it to have an appraiser take a look at
the boat and determine the value of the boat. This can help to ensure that you do not overpay for
the boat.
What should you look for when it comes to inspecting the engine? The checklist below will help you
to know what to look for.

Engine Checklist

Check the freeze plugs, hoses and gaskets to determine whether there are any signs of
lubricant leakage.

Is there oil in the bilge? If so this could be a sign that there is an oil leak.

Do the fittings, belts and hoses appear to be brittle or cracked?

Pull a spark plug in order to determine whether it appears new or whether it may be burnt.
This is a good indication of how well the engine has been serviced.

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Look on the engine for any white chalky residue. If there is any evidence of this, it can be
an indication that the engine has been running hot.

Check the level and condition of the engines oil. If the oil appears milky, this can be a sign
that water may have entered the oil, which could lead to mechanical problems.

Are there any signs that the rudder, drive or propeller may have hit any submerged items?

Check the engine mounts to make sure they are not broken.

Perform a compression check on the engine to be certain that all of the cylinders are firing
properly.

Boating Check List

In addition to the actual engine, it is also important that you take the time to check all of the boat
for possible damage or neglect.

Inspect the throttle controls, steering controls and cables.

Make sure you operate all of the boats systems including the blower, bilge pump, winches,
lights, stereo, freshwater sink, galley stove, shower, air conditioner, toilet, heater, generator,
etc.

Be sure that all of the hardware is attached firmly.

If the boat is a sailboat, be sure that all of the hardware, rigging and sails are intact.

Open and close all of the hatches.

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Check to be certain that all of the batteries are securely fastened in containers that are
acid-proof.

Check the fittings, lines and fuel tanks for possible leaks.

Check the boat out of the water to see if there are any signs of cracks or dings.

Be certain the rudder and propeller are straight.

What condition is the upholstery in?

Are there any signs of mildew?

Be sure the hull fittings are not leaking or loose

Check all of the electrical items for rust.

Remember that if you do not feel comfortable inspecting all of these points, you can always contact
a mechanic to take a look at the boat for you. While you will need to pay a small fee for this service,
it can be well worth it in the long run to make sure that you get a boat that is in good condition.

Checking the Trailer

Along with the actual boat, you should also make sure that you inspect the boat trailer as well. If
you are new to boating, it can be tempting to just look at the boat to make sure it is in good shape
without looking over the trailer. Keep in mind that the boat trailer is as important as the boat. If
the trailer is not in good shape it may cause the boat to slip from it and can also cause problems
with launching the boat.
Always make sure that the trailer that comes with the boat is NMMA certified. This will help to ensure
that the boat has been built with safety guidelines in mind. You should also check to make sure that
the trailer can safely handle the weight of the boat by checking its weight limit. The weight limit for
the trailer will be listed and you can compare it to the weight of the motor and the boat. Keep in
mind that if you exceed the weight limit of the trailer, it is dangerous as well as illegal.

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Go over the trailer carefully looking for any cracks or corrosion in the frame. Look to see if the frame
shows any sign of repair or damage. Check the leaf springs to make sure they are not broken. Look
at the tires to determine whether there is any uneven tread or excessive wear. If there is less than
tread remaining, you will need to replace the tires.

Boating trailers will either have rollers or bunks. Generally, these will not need to be replaced,
but you should still check their condition to make sure they are in good repair and that they are
adjusted properly.

Take the time to hook up your own vehicle to the trailer to be sure that the lights are all working
properly, including the turn signals, running lights and brake lights. If the bulbs are burned out,
that is relatively simple to fix, but if you have to rewire the entire trailer, it can be a time consuming
task.

Also, check the winch as well as the straps for any signs of fraying. If there is fraying, you will need
to replace them.

Once you have completely inspected the boat and the trailer, if you discover that you have any
concerns, make sure that you have the boat completely inspected by a professional if you are still
considering buying it.

Best Places to Buy a Used Boat

There are many different places where you can buy a used boat. First, you might consider looking
in the boating classifieds section of your local newspaper for used boats that may be for sale. There
are also many dealers that have used boats for sale. Usually, when you are shopping with a dealer,
the dealer will have accepted the boat as a trade-in from the previous owner on a purchase of a
new boat.

Another good place to look for a used boat is in a local trader magazine. These types of classifieds
can usually be picked up in convenience stores and supermarkets. These types of publications are
typically published for a specific geographical area.

You can also look online at websites that allow boat owners to publish information regarding used
boats that they may have for sale. You can even find used boats for sale on ebay. When shopping
for a boat that is outside of your geographical area, you should be aware of the fact that you will

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need to travel to inspect the boat in person as well as to pick it up. It is never a good idea to buy a
used boat sight unseen or based only on pictures that have been provided by the owner.
You might also consider visiting a boat show to look for used boats as well. There are many
different boat shows that are held around the country each year and some of them may feature
used boats.
Another option for finding a used boat would be to go through a boat broker. A boat broker is an
individual who specializes in locating great boat bargains. The advantage to using a boat broker is
that they may be able to utilize resources that you would not have access to.

Financing your Boat Purchase

In most instances, unless you just happen to have a large stash of cash, you will be financing your
boat purchase using a loan. This is true even if you are purchasing a used boat. Hopefully, you will
have already taken the time to sit down and look at your budget to determine how much you can
afford to spend on the purchase of a boat.

Financing your boat actually provides you with some distinct advantages. First, you will usually be
able to purchase a larger boat and may also be able to purchase one with more features than you
would be able to afford if you were not financing your boat.

The terms of your boat loan will typically depend upon your credit rating. It can be a good idea
to check your credit rating before you apply for financing so that you will not be hit with any
surprises.

The terms for financing a boat will commonly be longer if you finance with a boating lender than if
you try to finance with a bank or credit union. You may also be able to purchase your boat with a
lower down payment when financing with a marine lender as well. The actual down payment that is
required for the boat purchase may depend upon the type and age of the boat as well as its price.
The advantage of longer financing is that your monthly payments will be lower, although if you have
a lower down payment, that will increase your payment.

Registration and Insurance

One area that you should make sure you do not overlook when purchasing a boat is insurance and
registration. Boats are no different from other vehicles in that they must be registered with the
state in which you live and you must have a license for it. Keep in mind that your boats trailer will
also need to have a separate license plate.

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After you have registered your boat, you will also need to make sure that you have insurance for it.
There are different ways that you can handle obtaining insurance for your boat. One of the simplest
methods would be to add it on to your homeowners insurance. You may even be able to obtain a
discount using this method.
Always make sure that you consider your needs when obtaining insurance for your boat. If you
are going to be fishing, particularly in tournaments, then you may wish to obtain an extension to
your boat insurance coverage that will cover you for those events. If you live in an area prone to
hurricanes, it may be a good idea to obtain insurance coverage that will pay for hauling your boat
to move it to dry ground in the event of a hurricane.

An all risk policy will cover a variety of different types of losses that may include typical wear and
gear, marring, scratching, denting, etc. You may also choose to simply have your boat covered by
liability insurance, similar to what you would have on your vehicle. This type of insurance coverage
will cover only damage, loss of life or loss of property to another person. Keep in mind that this
type of coverage will not cover your boat or even your personal property.

Remember that it is always a good idea to check with your lender to determine the type and amount
of insurance that they require you to keep for your boat.

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Chapter 3

Boat Maintenance
One of the most important parts of owning and caring for a boat is making sure that it is properly
cared for. The purchase of a boat is a big expenditure so it only makes sense to ensure that it is
properly cared for.

Perhaps the best thing that you can do for your boat is to make sure that you wash it on a regular
basis. This may sound fairly simple and it is but it will go a long way toward ensuring that your boat
remains in good condition.

It is also a good idea to make sure that you wax your boat on a routine basis. This is particularly
important for protecting your boat from the damage that can be caused by exposure to the
elements.

You should also make sure that you check your battery on a frequent basis to make sure that it
remains properly charged and also that it maintains the proper fluid levels. Also, be sure that your
battery is kept clean.

Taking Preventing Action

Remember that this best action you can take toward caring for your boat is to take preventive
action. Keep an eye out for problems with your boat and take action as soon as you notice that
there is a problem. Many of the problems that you may encounter with your boat will actually occur
as a result of corroded electrical systems, so make sure that you keep them dry.

It is also a good idea to invest in a boat cover for your boat. This will help to make sure that
your boat is kept clean and protect it from exposure to the elements. It can also help to prevent
upholstery, carpets and hoses from being damaged by exposure to UV rays.

Remember that being a responsible boat owner means taking the time to properly take care of your
boat and making sure that you know as much as possible about maintaining your boat. Always
be sure that you familiarize yourself with your boats owners manual. If you are uncertain how to
handle something, do not be afraid to consult a professional for help. It will be worth it in the long
run.

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Motor Care Tips

One of the most important aspects of caring for your boat involves motor maintenance. Regardless
of whether your boat has an inboard or an outboard motor, always make sure that you give it good
care and you will be rewarded with a number of years of enjoying your boat.

Be certain to flush your boats engine after every time that you take it out. In addition, be sure that
you check your fuel tanks as well as the fuel line for signs of corrosion or rust. It is also a good idea
to check the oil to be sure there are correct levels as well as for cleanliness and proper filtration.

After every trip that you make on our boat, be sure that you start up the engine and let the water
pump run.

As you flush out the motor check to be sure that there is good flow on the water pump. The water
should not be hot, although it may be warm. If the output is not very strong, this can be a sign that
there is debris stuck in the outflow tube and it will need to be shut-off and cleaned out to prevent
overheating and damage.

Always make sure that you disconnect the fuel line after you have flushed out the engine to be sure
that the engine has had a chance to burn all of the fuel in the carburetor.

After you have finished flushing out the engine, be sure that everything is turned off. Check for fuel
and water links and if you see any evidence of leak, be sure to take it to a mechanic promptly.

Carefully wipe down the boat an use an anti-corrosive spray on all of the moving parts of the boat,
including the carburetor vales, shift, throttle cables, etc.

Cover your boat with a cover to protect it in between uses.

Regular Boat Maintenance

Check the fuel line periodically for worn spots and cracks.

Page 19

Be sure that the fuel primer bulb is pliable and is not cracked.

Check the fuel line fittings to be sure they do not leak.

Check the clamps on the fuel line for signs of corrosion or rust.

Check the fuel tanks for signs of corrosion or damage.

Check the tank vent to be sure it is aspirating correctly.

Check the fuel to be certain it does not have water in it.

Tips for Emergency Boat Repair

Despite your best efforts at routine maintenance, there still may be emergency situations that may
pop up and require immediate attention. It is important to make sure that you know how to handle
these situations until you are able to get your boat to a mechanic to handle these issues properly.

The most important thing that you can do is make sure that you keep a basic tool kit on board
your boat at all times. Your tool kit should contain screwdrivers, wrenches, vise-grips, pliers and
a hammer. You may also be able to buy a tool kit from a marine store that will be a floating tool
kit and will be water-proof. These types of tool kits are fairly small and compact and are ideal for
keeping on your boat. You should also make sure that you keep some spare parts on board your
boat as well, including points, spark plugs, belts, assorted hoses, impellers and fuel filters.

What to do if your Engine Stalls

In the event that your engine stalls, it is important to check the following:

Check to see if you have fuel

Check to see if you have run aground

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Check to make sure the propeller has not become fouled with the line

Check to make sure the engine is not overhead because of no water flow

What to do if you Start to Lose Engine Oil

If you start to lose engine oil, it is important to make sure that you find the leak and then use a
container to catch the oil and continue pouring the oil back into the engine until you are able to
repair the leak.

What to do if you Have a Broken Pipe or Hose

If you have a broken pipe or hose you can use a t-shirt or rags that are tied tightly. Duct tape may
also work if you happen to have some on board.

What to do if your Boat Starts to Take on Water

If your boat begins to take on water, it is important to make sure that you first find the source.
Always make sure that you have some wooden plugs on hand. If you notice that the water is
coming in through the hull opening, use an appropriately sized plug to close the opening. You can
also use blankets, clothing or pillows to hold the hose if it is fairly large.

Guide to Boating Equipment

In order to safely and legally operate your boat it is important to make sure that you have the right
boating equipment. The right equipment is required by the United States Coast Guard. In addition,
other equipment may be required by your state, so always check with your own state to determine
whether you may need additional equipment to be in compliance with your states laws.

First, you will need to make sure that there is a personal floatation device for each person that is
on board your boat. Make sure that the flotation devices are approved by the Coast Guard. Make
sure that the life vest is appropriately sized for the person wearing it.

If your boat is smaller than 39.4 feet then you must also carry some type of sound producing
device, such as an air horn. If your boat is larger than 39.4 feet then you should make sure that
you have a whistle that can be heard for a minimum of nautical mile.

Page 21

You are also required to carry some form of visual distress signal, such as self-lighting flares.

If your boat is 26 feet or less then you must also have at least one hand operate fire extinguisher.
If your boat measures between 26 and 40 feet then you should have two fire extinguishers. If your
boat is more than 40 feet long, you should have three fire extinguishers.

You should also have a back fire flame arrestor for the engine.

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Chapter 4

Tips for Getting out on the Water

While you will probably be quite anxious to get out on the water, it is important to make sure that
you understand how to handle the process of launching as well as towing your boat. If you are not
sure of how to handle this correctly, your boat could be easily damaged.

Preparing to Get on the Water

Before you even think about taking your boat out on the water, you should make sure that it is fully
licensed and that all of your lights are working correctly.

You also need to make sure that all of the systems on your boat and your trailer are working properly.
In addition, be sure that you have tie-downs for your boat. Also be sure that you have safety chains
that run from the tongue of the trailer to your vehicle and have tough hooks or links.

Before actually putting your boat into the water, remove the cover and any straps or tie-downs first.
Load in any gear that has not already been placed in the boat. Check the boat plug to be sure that
it is securely in place.

Check your fuel levels to be certain of the amount of gas that you have before you get out on the
water. Next, remove the safety straps or chains and the winch strap. At this time you should also
remove the wiring connector to the trailer.

Launching your Boat

When backing the trailer down the boat ramp, you will need to make sure that you exercise extreme
care. You need to make sure that your steering wheel of your towing vehicle moves in the same
direction as the boat and trailer. Avoid moving too fast. You should make sure that you are moving
slowly and easily. Try to make sure that you do not brake quickly.
After the boat is in the water, continue backing up the trailer, using a steady pace. When you have
reached a sufficient depth, the trailer will drop out from under the boat and the boat will float away
on its own. If your launch depth is too shallow; however, you may need to exit the towing vehicle
and physically push the boat off the trailer and into the water.

Ideally, it is always a good idea to make sure that you have a partner with you to help with
launching your boat.

Page 23

Once you are ready to pull the towing vehicle up the ramp, make sure you use a steady pace for
doing so, but keep an eye on the side mirrors. After the boat is launched, park the vehicle and the
trailer. Be sure your vehicle is securely locked and then get in the boat. Make sure you are aware
of no-wake zones when you are moving out into the water.

Moving in the Water

Be aware of the fact that the water is typically shallow near launches, so take the time to move
slowly through the water until you reach deeper water. After you are out into the deeper waters,
you need to make sure that you practice good etiquette and are aware of other boaters. This is not
only important for the sake of courtesy but also for safety as well.

When determining the speed at which you should operate your boat, it is important to make sure
that you consider the conditions at that particular time. Consider the following:

Is the weather clear, foggy, overcast or clearly visible?

How heavy is boating traffic?

How easily are you able to maneuver your boat?

What are the winds and current like?

Be aware that there may be specific speed regulations in the area where you operate your boat. For
example, it is fairly common for most states to issue regulations regarding your speed limit when
you are within a certain proximity to other vessels. Most states require you to maintain a no-wake
speed when you are within 250 feet of shore or when you are within 100 feet of another boat.

You also need to take every precaution possible to make sure that you avoid any possible collisions
while on the water. Even if you only think there could be a risk of collision, it is always better to err
on the side of caution.

Page 24

Navigation Rules or Rules of the Road

Keep in mind that there are two types of navigation rules when it comes to boating. They are
international and inland. You should consult a navigation chart to determine where the rules change
from inland to international and vice versa. The purpose of such rules is the fact that some boats
will have an easier time of maneuvering through certain waters than other vessels. Power boats will
typically have an easier time than other boats, so it is important for boats that are power driven to
stay away from sailing vessels that are under sail and vessels that are propelled by paddles or oars.
A power boat should also stay away from a boat that is engaged in fishing because it will have a
more difficult time maneuvering, as well as any boat that is broken down.

You should generally attempt to alter coarse and pass port to port in order to avoid a collision.
You should also give one short blast of your sound signal. If you are not able to pass port to port
then you should give two short blasts, which will let the other boat know that you are going to
pass starboard to starboard. Always make sure that the other vessel understands your intent and
returns the two blast signal before you proceed.

In the event that you approach a bend where you are not able to see around, the proper procedure
is to give one long blast that will alert other boats that may be approaching from the other side.
If there is another boat present, they should return your long blast. Also, if you are approaching a
bend and you hear a prolonged blast you should be aware that there is another boat approaching
and return the blast to acknowledge that you are aware of them.

When it becomes necessary for you to stop for fuel, remember that there may be other boats at the
fuel dock as well. Make sure that you do not leave your boat unattended for picking up supplies.
Be sure that your boat is tied up securely, pay the bill for the fuel and then move your boat if you
need to tend to other business on the shore.

Always make sure that you take care to be sure that the area around your boat slip is kept clean
and clear. Do not leave power cords or hoses lying about so that they could be a tripping hazard.
Also, be sure that tackle is stored properly as well.

Boating Safety Tips

One of the most important things that you need to know about boating safety is to use good,
common sense. Boating can be a lot of fun, but it can also be dangerous if you do not follow safety
protocols.

Page 25

Be certain that you exercise a safe speed at all times, particularly when you are near the shore,
near other vessels and in areas that are crowded. Be alert at all times to avoid any problems.
It is a good idea to make sure that you have more than one person on board the boat that is
familiar with how to handle the boat. This will allow the secondary person to take over in the event
that you become injured.
Be sure you always let someone know where you plan to be and how long you plan to be gone.
Make sure that you have the right safety equipment on board the boat, including lifejackets for
everyone that will be on board. Most drownings occur as a result of individuals in boats who are
not wearing life jackets.
Avoid consuming alcohol while you are on board your boat. The risk of being involved in an accident
more than doubles when there is alcohol involved. While it might seem like a good idea to bring
alcohol along with you, it simply is not worth the risk. In addition, you can be arrested for boating
while intoxicated, which is similar to driving while intoxicated.
Take care to make sure that you are always aware of your fuel amounts. You certainly do not
want to find yourself in a situation where you are out in the water and run out of gas. This can be
dangerous and stressful. Be sure that you know exactly how many gallons of fuel that your tank
will hold and how many gallons per hour that your boat engine will burn. Calculate how many miles
or hours you will be able to travel on a full tank of fuel. Do not run it so close that you are at risk
of running out of fuel.

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Chapter 5

Boating Etiquette for Guests and Children

Boating can always be fun, but it can be even more enjoyable when you choose to share the trip
with others. Rather you are going on a long distance trip or you are only taking a short excursion,
it is important to make sure that you let your guests know what will be expected of them when
they are on board your boat. This will help to ensure that there are not any misunderstandings,
everyone is safe and enjoys the trip.

Let your Guests Know what is Expected

Explaining what is expected of your guests is particularly important if you are taking guests on
board your boat that are not experienced with boating. If you would like them to help with certain
duties on board the boat, be aware that you should discuss this with them in advance so that they
know what is expected of them as well as how they should perform those duties.

It is also important to make sure that you discuss any rules you may have regarding your boat. For
example, if you prefer that there be no drinking or smoking on board your boat, you should explain
this in advance so that there are no misunderstandings.

You should also make sure that you let your guests know about the appropriate clothing that they
should bring with them to be comfortable and safe in the climate in which you will be taking your
outing. Always make sure that your guests are wearing a pair of non-skid deck shoes and have
warm clothing in the event that the weather should turn cold. If you are planning an overnight trip,
be sure to let your guests understands how much storage space is available for luggage.

In the event that you will be visiting any foreign ports, you should also make sure that you have
advised your guests of the documents and ID that they will need to bring with them for entering
the ports.

Make sure that you provide each guest with a specified area where they make keep their belongings
on board once they arrive. Remember that it is dangerous to have belongings lying around loose,
so it is best to address this from the beginning.

Always make sure you let your guests know what time you will be departing so that they can arrive
in a timely fashion. Advise them to arrive before departure time so that they will have a chance to
stow their belongings before you are actually ready to depart.

Page 27

Be sure to let your guests know about washing as well as toilet facilities that are available eon
board the boat. Such facilities are typically rather limited, so it is important to make sure you
advise guests of this, particularly of the need for water conservation.

Take the time to make sure that all of your guests are completely familiar with emergency and
safety procedures before you ever even leave the dock. You should also explain any docking and
undocking plans as well.

Remember that taking the time to be upfront and honest with your guests will ensure that everyone
has a chance to have a pleasurable and safe trip.

Tips for Boating with Children

When you will have children aboard your boat it is important to make sure that you take great care
to ensure the safety of your smallest guests. Remember that even youngsters can help out with
tasks on board your boat. This can help you with the myriad of tasks that are involved in boating
as well as help to teach young children responsibility as well.

Nevertheless, it is important to make sure that you take precautions to ensure children are safe.
First, you need to make sure that there is a suitable life jacket for the child to wear. Remember that
childrens life jackets are different from adult life jackets. There should be a collar on the life jacket
that will turn the childs face up in the water. In addition, the life jacket should have strong waist
straps as well as a handle on the collar of the jacket. Ideally, the jacket should be orange or yellow
in color so that it can easily be seen in case of an emergency.

In choosing life vests for infants, up to 30 pounds, make sure you choose a life vest that has a
sturdy zipper, a belt around the waist and a hinged collar.

The jacket should fit the child securely. Remember that a good fitting life jacket can literally mean
the difference between life and tragedy, so it is important to take great care in selecting life jackets
for children.

Be certain that you understand the requirements in your state regarding the mandatory age for life
vests. Some states require that children age 6 and under wear life vests at all times while there
are different age limitations in other stages. Remember that regardless of the requirements in your
state, if you are going to have a child on board your boat it is a good idea to make sure you have
them wear a life vest at all times.

Page 28

Prepare for Children Onboard

When packing gear for your boat make sure that you have a cooler full of fluids such as juices and
water. It is also a good idea to have some sippy cups on board your boat as well. Children are more
at risk than adults for becoming dehydrated rather quickly when they have been out in the sun for
long periods of time. Avoid packing sodas because they have large amounts of sodium that can
cause children to become even more dehydrated. You should also take care to pack some snacks,
but avoid packing snacks that are too sweet or too salty.

It is also a good idea to pack some extra changes of clothes just in case as well as sunscreen,
sunglasses and a hat for each child. Bring along some plastic bags as well so that you can store
wet clothing.

If you are going to be out for a long period of time, it can also be a good idea to make preparations
that will allow young children to take a nap. Bring along some towels or a small blanket and a small
pillow.

If you are going to be bringing an infant aboard a boat, be aware that it is okay to bring along a
car seat and you can certainly set them inside the car seat but you should make sure that you do
not strap them into the seat. In the even there should be an emergency that the baby should go
overboard, if they are strapped into the seat, it will cause their life vest to function improperly.

Prepare Children to be Safe Onboard

The most important thing that you can do to make sure that children stay safe and have a good
time while on your boat is for you to maintain a positive attitude. Boating can be tremendous fun
for children, giving them a good chance to get some fresh air and also be exposed to wildlife they
may encounter along the way in their natural habitats.

Part of helping children to have a good time and stay safe is ensuring that they understand rules
which are set for while they are on board. While you should certainly not have so many restrictions
that the child has a miserable time, it is important to have rules that are clear and enforceable.

Be sure to sit down and talk to the children before they board regarding their expected behavior
and what they are allowed to do while they are onboard the ship. It is also important to use simple
language to explain the dangers that can occur when rules are not followed. Take the time to

Page 29

explain safety procedures so that even young children will understand what they should do in the
even of an emergency.

Be sure that children understand the basic parts of the boat and that in the event that they should
fall overboard, it is imperative that they not panic. Be sure to follow up with questions to make sure
that they clearly understand what you have explained to them.
You should be aware of the fact that most children will be resistant to the idea of wearing a life
jacket, especially if they are not accustomed to wearing one. It is imperative, for their own safety,
that you remain firm and insist that they keep their life vest on at all times, even if they know how
to swim.

Always make sure that you explain to children areas of the boat that will be off limits to them,
including areas where ropes are stored as well as where the wench is situated.

Responsible boating is one of the most important gifts that you can give a child. The self-confidence
that they develop will serve them well later in life and will also help to inspire their natural
curiosity.

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Chapter 6

What to Do in Case of Emergency

While you might expect that boating accidents would happen when the weather is bad or visibility
is low, the truth of the matter is the majority of boating accidents actually occur when the weather
is relatively calm. Most accidents occur as a result of negligence rather than bad weather. If you are
distracted and not paying attention, the chances of having an accident are greatly increased. You
are also at a greater risk for having an accident if you are consuming alcohol.

Most fatalities involved in boating occur as a result of the boat capsizing or from someone falling
overboard. Most fatalities involving drowning occur because the person was not wearing a life
vest. Remember that even if you are a good swimmer that you can easily become stressed and
disoriented when you are suddenly thrown into the water and are in an emergency situation.

Accidents that are non-fatal commonly involve collisions with other boats or with objects that are in
the water. The following tips will help you to understand what you should do in the event that you
encounter an emergency while boating.

What to do if your Boat Capsizes

In most cases, if your boat was built after 1978 and is a small pleasure boat, it will have a flotation
device that will prevent it from sinking in the event that it should capsize. If your boat capsizes, it
is generally going to be safer to stay with your boat rather than trying to swim your way to shore.
There are a number of reasons that a small boat may capsize, including the following:

Overloading-If you place too much gear or too many people in a small boat, it is going to be more
prone to capsizing. Always make sure you know exactly how much weight your boat is capable of
handling and do not overload it.

Improper weight distribution-another common cause for capsizing is having a boat that is not
stable. Always make sure that equipment as well as boaters should be carefully located to ensure
that the boat is well balanced.

Waves-Waves can be another cause for capsizing, particularly if you come across unexpected, large
waves. Always make an effort to anticipate all waves and make sure that you try to bow into waves
to avoid problems.

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If your boat does capsize, the first thing that you should do is take a head count and make sure
that you can account for everyone on board. Be sure that everyone has a life vest and encourage
everyone to remain calm. Check for injuries as possible.
If you are not able to reach your life jackets, use whatever is nearby to help you stay afloat,
including soda bottles, cushions, etc.
If possible, make an effort to turn the boat upright and try to bail it out. Once all of the water is out
of the boat you may be able to climb back in.

Person Overboard
In some cases, you may run the risk of having someone fall overboard. In the even that someone is
standing in the bow of the boat they will be at an increased risk of falling overboard. Always make
sure that you hold on to the sides of the boat and stay low if you need to move around the boat.

In the event that someone falls overboard, make sure that you use the following guidelines.

First, make sure that everyone on board is alerted to the fact that someone has fallen overboard.
Make a point not to lose sight of the individual.

Move the bow of the boat quickly to the side of the person overboard and then stop the boat. Make
sure that you toss the person a flotation device so that they will have some help in staying afloat.

Avoid the temptation to go into the water to help the person unless there is no other choice. If they
are not able to board the boat on their own, be sure that they have a flotation device and they are
attached to the boat using a line.

In the event that you are the person who has fallen overboard, try to stay afloat until you can be
rescued. The horizontal back float can be a good method to use that will keep your face out of the
water and will also help you to conserve energy until you are able to be rescued. The horizontal
back float can be accomplished by lying on your back with your arms outstretched and your back
slightly arched. Your legs should be sticking straight out.

If you are not able to float, you may need to tread water, which will require more energy, but the
most important thing is to keep your head out of the water. You can tread water by doing slow
scissor kicks with your legs while waving your arms back and forth slowly on the water.

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What to do if you Fall into Cold Water

If you fall into cold water, there will be even more danger because of the risk of hypothermia setting
in. When you are immersed in cold water, your body temperature can cool down much faster. In the
event that you should fall into cold water, it is important to make sure you understand the signs of
hypothermia.

When your body first enters the water, you may experience a sudden gasp as your body first
encounters the water. This can cause water to enter the lungs and result in almost instantaneous
drowning. Once you realize that you are going to fall into the water, the most important thing that
you can do to prevent this is to cover your face with your hands in order to prevent the gulping of
water.

After you are in the water, you will likely find that you are not able to swim well, even if you are a
good swimmer. The reason for this is that you will lose some degree of manual dexterity and you
will also not be able to match your swimming stroke with your breathing.

At this point, hypothermia will begin to set in. Hypothermia is a condition in which the bodys
temperature drops below ninety-five degrees. This can be extremely dangerous and result in the loss
of dexterity and consciousness. If in the water for too long it can also result in death. Hypothermia
can occur in as little as 15 minutes.

There are actually several stages of hypothermia. During the first stage, which is actually mild
hypothermia, the body will typically experience shivering and slurred speech.

During moderate hypothermia the person will experience loss of muscle control, incoherence,
drowsiness, exhaustion and stupor. Severe hypothermia involves collapse and respiratory and
cardiac distress.

The most important thing to keep in mind when a person has been in cold water is to conserve
body heat. This means limiting body movement. You should not swim unless you are need to do so
to reach a floatation device or the boat. Swimming actually lowers the bodys temperature and can
cause hypothermia to grow more severe more quickly.

If you are able to pull yourself out of the water, make every effort to do so. The more you are able
to keep your body out of the water, the less heat you will lose and the better shape you will be in.

Page 33

Upon rescue, medical treatment is essential. If you are not able to obtain medical treatment, make
sure that you focus on raising the body temperature gradually. Use warm moist towels to help raise
the body temperature or share a blanket with someone else.

Wet clothing should be removed to make sure that more body heat is not lost. For an individual
suffering from mild to medium hypothermia, a warm bath can be used to gradually raise the body
temperature, by keeping the arms and legs out of the water.

There can be a temptation to massage the arms and legs of the person who has fallen into the
water, but you should not do this. Massaging the skin will result in the circulatory system pulling
cold blood from the skins surface, which will result in further body temperature reduction.

Furthermore, you should not give the individual alcohol because that can the loss of body heat as
well. In addition, avoid giving tea and coffee which has the same effect.

Fires Onboard
Whenever you have a fire aboard your boat it can be quite serious and dangerous. In the event
that you cannot control the fire, you may have no choice but for everyone to go into the water. In
order for a fire to be started onboard your boat, heat, oxygen and fuel must be present. Removing
one of those factors can extinguish a fire.

Both types of fuel, propane and gasoline, can be dangerous if you do not take careful precautions.
The fumes of both types of fuels are heavier than air and both can collect in the bilge, cabin and
other lower areas if you are not careful. All that is typically needed to start a fire, because fuel is
surrounded naturally by oxygen, is heat. The heat could come from something quite simple, such
as a spark from the ignition. Most explosions that occur on a boat occur either during or just after
fueling.

Always make sure that you have read and completely understand directions for properly using your
fire extinguisher. If a fire starts on your boat you must be prepared to use your fire extinguisher
without hesitating. Activate your fire extinguisher and direct it toward the base of the flames. Make
sure you use short bursts rather than long bursts. In addition, sweep the fire extinguisher from
side to side.

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For an easy way to remember how to correctly use your fire extinguisher, use the following tip:
P.A.S.S.

P ull pin

A im at base of flame

S queeze handle

S weep side to side

If you are in the water and a fire begins, stop the boat first and then position it so that the fire will
be downwind. Instruct everyone to put on their lifejackets. When possible, attempt to turn off the
fuel source that is feeding the fire. Use the fire extinguisher to try and control the fire.
Always make sure that you inspect the gauge on the fire extinguisher regularly to make sure that
it is properly charged. Be sure as well to check the seals on a regular basis. If you have to use the
fire extinguisher, be sure that you recharge it immediately.

First Aid

You should also make sure that you are fully prepared for any emergencies which may occur
onboard your boat by having a fully stocked first aid kit onboard. Make sure that you have the
following items included in your first-aid kit:

First aid manual

Adhesive bandages in various sizes
3-inch sterile pads
Triangular bandages
1-inch and 3-inch rolled bandages
Tweezers and blunt scissors
Cotton balls and cotton tipped applicators
Antiseptic
Sun screen (minimum SPF 15)
Calamine lotion

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 Motion sickness pills or patches

Aspirin or substitutes
Eyewash cup
Bulb syringe
Thermometer
Adhesive tape
Elastic bandages
Butterfly bandages
Waterproof tape
Blanket
Ice packs
Hot packs
Disposable gloves
Face mask
Safety pins

You may also find it to be helpful to sign up for a first-aid and CPR class through your local
chapter of the Red Cross or some other organization so that you are completely prepared to handle
emergencies should they occur while you are out on the water.
While boating can certainly be a lot of fun and can even be a great way to help you relax, it is
important to recognize the fact that accidents and injuries can and do happen onboard a boat. The
difference between a tragedy and an incident that can be recovered from lies in understanding
proper first aid procedures and making sure that you are fully prepared to handle emergencies
and injuries as they occur.
Remember that in event that an incident should occur while you are onboard your boat, you should
summon help as quickly as possible by calling 9-1-1 or using a rescue radio to summon help as
needed.
Make sure that you try to stay calm and help any passengers onboard your boat to stay calm as
well. While emergencies can be frightening and stressful, it is imperative that you try to maintain
control of the situation and avoid allowing panic to control the situation.

Page 36

If you keep these guidelines in mind, you will be much better prepared to handle any emergencies
as they occur and ensure that everyone onboard your boat is kept safe and is able to enjoy a
wonderful time out on the water.

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CONCLUSION
Even if you are new to the idea of boating, learning what you need to know about this sport can
be a journey that is full of fun and provides much satisfaction and relaxation. Boating is enjoyable
for all ages and can lead to a variety of other activities that can be enjoyed, included water skiing,
scuba diving, snorkeling and much more.

Boating can be even more fun when you invite family and friends to go along with you, provided
that you take the proper precautions and exercise responsible boating. There is simply nothing
more enjoyable than heading out onto the water and feeling the wind in your hair.

Not only is boating enjoyable, but it can also be a great stress reliever as well, not to mention the
fact that you gain the opportunity to explore a variety of new and interesting destinations.

The goal of this book is to have provided you with the basics that you need to know about boating
so that you will be ready to hit the open waters. To learn even more about boating, you may
consider also taking a boating course that may be offered at your local marina.

Boating can certainly open up an entirely new world of opportunities to learn more about the world
around you as well as yourself and your family.

Taking the time to learn as much as you can about the world of boating will make the sport far more
enjoyable, help you to feel more confident about your ability to boat and ensure that your boating
experiences are as safe as possible for everyone involved.

Keep in mind that while there is a lot to learn about boating, there is nothing about boating that you
cannot learn with time, experience and the interest to arm yourself with knowledge. As you spend
more time on the water, you will certainly increase your store of knowledge regarding boating and
before long you will know more about boating than you ever thought possible.
Whether you are interested in fishing, taking short excursions or taking long trips to exciting
new destinations around the world, boating certainly opens up a whole new world of exciting
possibilities.

Have fun!

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Glossary
Abaft The area behind you when you are facing forward.
Adrift Refers to floating free without propulsion; not fastened.
Aft Located near or at the stern.
Amidships Located in the center portion of the boat.
Anchor Refers to a piece of metal that is heavy and which is fastened to a line or a
chain that holds a vessel in place.
Anti-fouling Refers to any type of paint that is applied to the bottom of the boat and
that is meant to repel barnacles, marine grass and many other undesirable adhesions.
Astern Refers to the direction toward the stern, or the back end, of the vessel.
Athwart - Anything that runs across the boat from side to side. An aft bench seat across
the stern is athwartships.
Aweigh Refers to when an anchor is when it is off the bottom.
Ballast A heavy weight that is placed low in the hull in order to improve stability.
Bar - A shoal of sand or mud on which you can run aground.
Beam - The width of a boat.
Bearing Refers to the horizontal direction of an object with respect to a compass or
observer.
Bilge Refers to the lowest part of a boats interior hull. A bilge pump is employed to rid
the bilge of water.
Bimini Refers to a type of rectangular shaped canopy, usually made of canvas, that is
placed on a light frame that protects the bridge and/or control console from sun and rain.
Bridge Refers to the bridge station from which a large vessel is navigated.
Burdened vessel Refers to a vessel which must give way to another vessel when
crossing or in an overtaking situation.
Buoy Refers to a floating object which is meant to show navigation channels or for use
when marking prohibited areas on the water.
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Capsize Referring to when a vessel turns over and is bottom side up.
Cast off Refers to the untying of all mooring lines in preparation for departure.
Cleat Refers to a metal fitting to which mooring lines are attached.
Chop Waves which are short and deep and in an abrupt motion.
Cockpit Refers to an open space aft of a decked area from which a small boat is
steered.
Cockpit sole Refers to the floor of the cockpit.
Companionway Refers to an entrance or hatch from the deck to the cabin.
Current Refers to the horizontal movement of water.
Dead ahead Referring to a direction that is exactly ahead.
Downwind Referring to a direction to leeward, with the wind.
Draft Referring to the vertical distance from the waterline to the lowest point of the
attachments or hull.
Ebb Refers to the receding tide that flows toward the sea.
Following sea - Waves from astern.
Fore Referring to a location at the front of the boat.
Founder - To sink below the surface of the water.
Freeboard Refers to the vertical distance between the waterline and the top of the
deck.
Gaff Type of hook that is used to handle a large fish.
Galley - The kitchen on a boat.
Gel coat - The standard finish that is used on a fiberglass boat.
Give-way vessel - The vessel that does not have the right of way in a crossing or
overtaking situation or may also refer to the vessel that is burdened.
Gunwale - The upper edge of the side of the boat. It is pronounced gunnel.

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Hail - A call that is placed to another vessel.

Harbor - A safe, protected anchorage for loading and docking.
Hatch - An opening in the deck that provides access to the space below.
Head Most commonly used to refer to the toilet.
Heading Referring to the compass direction in which a vessel is pointed at any given
moment.
Head sea Refers to waves that come from the direction in which a vessel is heading.
Helm Refers to the area where the steering wheel is located.
High tide Referring to high water.
Hull Refers to the main structure of a boat, excluding superstructure, masts, sails or
rigging.
Inboard A powerboat that has an engine inside the hull.
Jetty - A structure that projects out from the shore to protect a harbor or influence the
tide.
Keel - The main structural member of a vessel extending along the center of the bottom;
the lateral area beneath the hull.
Knot Refers to a unit of speed; one nautical mile per hour.
Latitude - Geographic distance north or south of the equator.
Launch Referring to moving a boat into the water from land.
Line - A rope that is used aboard a ship.
List - Continually leaning to one side.
Locker Refers to a compartment that is used for onboard stowage of articles.
Longitude - Geographic distance east or west of the prime meridian.
Marina - A place that provides secure moorings for pleasure boats and also typically
offers service facilities, such as fuel docks.

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Mayday - An international distress call, SOS or ...---... in Morse code.

Midships Refers to the center location of the boat.
Moored - Anchored or made fast to a pier or wharf.
Mooring - A place where vessels are kept moored or at anchor.
Navigation Refers to the process guiding a vessel from one place to another safely
and efficiently.
Navigation Rules - The U.S. Rules of the Road that governs navigation lights, vessels
meeting or passing, distress signals, sound signals and practical boating etiquette.
Offshore - Out of sight of land.
Outboard A powerboat that has an engine outside the hull.
PFD - Personal Flotation Device; a life preserver.
Pier - A structure that extends navigable water and which is used as a landing place. A
pier is not the same thing as a dock.
Port - The left side of a boat; also referring to the direction to the left.
Privileged vessel - The vessel that has the right of way in a crossing or overtaking
situation.
Relative bearing Referring to a direction in relation to the fore-and-aft line of a
vessel.
Scupper - A drain hole that allows water falling on deck to flow overboard.
Seaworthy - Safe a sea voyage.
Slip - A berth for a boat; usually situated between two piers.
Stand-on vessel - The boat that which has the right of way in a crossing or overtaking
situation; the privileged vessel.
Starboard Referring to the right side of the boat and to a direction to the right.
Stern - The back of the boat.
Stow - To put in the proper place.

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Swamp - To fill with water coming in over the deck and gunwales.
Thwart - Crossways seat in a rowboat.
Transom - The transverse piece that forms the stern of a square-ended boat.
USCG - United States Coast Guard.
Wake Refers to the track in the water that is made by the hull of a moving vessel.
Wash - The broken water left behind a carelessly speeding vessel. The surging action of
the waves in the wash of a large boat can be very powerful. Keep that in mind when you
are sharing the water with smaller crafts.
Weigh - To raise the anchor in preparation for departure.
Yaw - To swing erratically off course.

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