Book of Abstracts LUMEN Conference 2012

Lumen
Lumen
Association
Research Center
in Social and Humanistic Sciences
Lumen
Publishing House
In Cooperation with:
Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, A.D. Xenopol History Institute,
Higher Education Research and Consulting Company,
Mihail Kogalniceanu University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Law,
Institute of Enciclopedic Studies of Academy of Sciences of Moldova,
Petre Andrei University, Iasi,
Al.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Philosophy and Social and Political
Sciences.
LUMEN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC

CONFERENCE 2012
L ogos
U niversality
M entality
E ducation
N ovelty
21st of May 3rd of June 2012
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
IAI,
2012
International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

http://edituralumen.ro/Conference2012/
LUMEN ASSOCIATION,
LUMEN PUBLISHING HOUSE,
LUMEN RESEARCH CENTER IN SOCIAL AND HUMANISTIC SCIENCES
Al.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Philosophy and Social and Political Sciences.
LUMEN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE 2012
L ogos
U niversality
M entality
E ducation
N ovelty
Lumen Publishing House is CNCS accredited in B Category
2, Tepes Voda Str, Iasi, Romania
700 714
ISBN: 978-973-166-312-8
Editor: Simona UURELU
Cover: Simona UURELU
edituralumen@gmail.com
grafica.redactia.lumen@gmail.com
prlumen@gmail.com
www.edituralumen.ro
www.librariavirtuala.com

Lumen
Lumen
Lumen
Association
Research Center
Publishing House
in Social and Humanistic Sciences
Mihail Kogalniceanu University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Law
Al.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Philosophy and Social and Political
Sciences.
LUMEN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC

CONFERENCE 2012
L ogos
U niversality
M entality
E ducation
N ovelty
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
IAI,
2012


Organizing Committee:
Dr. Antonio Sandu Chairman of Lumen Association from Iasi

Lecturer Ph. D. Daniela Petronela Feraru Al.I.Cuza University
from Iasi
Research assistant Ana Caras Lumen Research Center in Social
and Humanistic Sciences, Al. I.Cuza University from Iasi
MA. Mdlina Doleanu Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Anca Teodorescu Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Valentina urcan Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Elena Unguru Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Simona Uurelu Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Bianca Vlas Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
MA. Cristian Sergiu Vusatiuc Lumen Research Center in Social
and Humanistic Sciences
MA. Cezar Vusatiuc Lumen Research Center in Social and
Humanistic Sciences
5
International Advisory Board

Professor Ph.D. Antonie Bocancea Petre Andrei University from
Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Sergiu Branza Moldova State University,
Republic of Moldova
Professor Ph.D Alexandru Burian Moldova State University,
Republic of Moldova
Professor Ph.D. Aurora Ciuc Mihail Kogalniceanu University
from Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Marin Constantin- Lumen Research Center in
Social and Humanistic Sciences
Professor Ph.D. Carmen Cozma Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
Professor Ph. D. Dan Crciun Academy of Economic Sciences
from Bucharest
Professor Ph.D. Petre Dumitrescu Mihail Kogalniceanu
University from Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Marius Dumitrescu Al.I.Cuza University from
Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Olga Dyuzheva Moscow State University,
Russia
Professor Ph.D. Nicu Gavrilu Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Tudor Ghideanu Lumen Research Center in
Social and Humanistic Sciences
Professor Ph.D. Ion Mare Valahia University from Targoviste
Professor Ph.D. Vasile Miftode Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Victor Moraru Moldova State University,
Republic of Moldova
Professor Ph.D. George Poede Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
Professor Ph. D. Gheorghe Popescu Academy of Economic
Sciences from Bucharest
Professor Ph.D. Traian D. Stnciulescu Al.I.Cuza University
from Iasi
Professor Ph.D. Genoveva Vrabie Mihail Kogalniceanu
6
Associate Professor Ph.D. Nadia Aniei Petre Andrei University

from Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. Sorin Bocancea Petre Andrei
Associate Professor Ph.D. Tomi Ciulei Valahia University from
Targoviste
Associate Professor Ph.D. tefan Cojocaru Al.I.Cuza University
from Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. Violeta Cojocaru Moldova State
University, Republic of Moldova
Associate Professor Ph.D. Carmen Costuleanu Petre Andrei
Associate Professor Ph. D. Sandu Frunz Babes-Bolyai
University, Cluj-Napoca
Associate Professor Ph. D. Ovidiu Gavrilovici Al.I.Cuza
Associate Professor Ph.D. Diana Lupu Petre Andrei University
from Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. George Neamu George Bacovia
University from Bacau
Associate Professor Ph. D. Veronica Adriana Popescu
Commercial Academy from Satu Mare, Collaborator at the
Academy of Economic Studies from Bucharest
Associate Professor Ph.D. Cristian Sandache- Mihail Kogalniceanu
Associate Professor Ph.D. Coniu Tiberiu oitu Al.I.Cuza
Associate Professor Ph.D. Tudor Pitulac Petre Andrei University
from Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. Mihaela Laura Pamfil Faculty of Law,
Petre Andrei University from Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. Georgiana Corcaci Faculty of
Psychology and Education Sciences, Petre Andrei University from
Iasi
Associate Professor Ph.D. Vitalie Stati Moldova State University
Republic of Moldova
7
Researcher Ph. D. Liliana Condraticova Moldova State

University, Republic of Moldova
Ph. D. Peter Kiriakidis Touro International University
Ph. D. Asea Timus State Agrarian University of Moldova
Ph. D. Researcher Ion Xenofontov Academy of Sciences of
Moldova
Lecturer Ph. D. Daniel Cojanu Valahia University from
Targoviste
Lecturer Ph. D. Daniela Cojocaru Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
Lecturer Ph. D. Daniela Petronela Feraru Al.I.Cuza University
from Iasi
Lecturer Ph. D. Mihaela Frunz Babes-Bolyai University, ClujNapoca
Lecturer Ph. D. Lucian Drdala Mihail Kogalniceanu University
from Iasi
Lecturer Ph. D. Mihaela Diaconu Petre Andrei University from
Iasi
Lecturer Ph. D. Antonio Sandu Chairman of Lumen Association
from Iasi
Lecturer Ph. D. Student Ioana Cozianu Mihail Kogalniceanu
Lecturer Ph. D. Student Andra Marin Mihail Kogalniceanu
Postdoctoral Researcher Simona Damian University of Medicine
and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi
Postdoctoral Researcher George Florian University of Medicine
Postdoctoral Researcher Roxana Necula University of Medicine
Research assistant Ana Caras Lumen Research Center in
Humanistic and Social Sciences, Al.I.Cuza University from Iasi
8
Conference Organizing Secretariat

LUMEN ASSOCIATION
2, epe Vod Str.
Iai, Romania
700 714
OP 3 CP 780
Phone no.: 0040 740 151455
0040 332 450 133
Fax no.: 0040 332 811 551
Email: prlumen@gmail.com
Website: www.edituralumen.ro
www.edituralumen.ro/english
9
Special Thanks
Lumen Association expresses its sincere appreciation to all its
authors and collaborators.
Also, special thanks for the support received from the following
partners:
-

Institute of Enciclopedic Studies of Academy of Sciences of
Moldova,
Al.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Philosophy and
Social and Political Sciences
10
Summary
Section: Law
[Seciunea: Drept]
The Law The Source of Codification ............................................... 33
[Legea Fundament al codificrii]
Roxana Gabriela ALBSTROIU
Particular Aspects of Forensic Investigation of Non-observance of
Measures Regarding the Entrusting of Child ..................................... 35
[Particulariti privind investigarea criminalistic a infraciunii de
nerespectare a msurilor privind ncredinarea minorului]
Carmina ALECA
Daniela IANCU
Trends of Uniformity of the Property Matrimonial Regimes Provisions
in the European Union ........................................................................ 36
Nadia Cerasela ANIEI
The Legal Regime of Woman's Rights from the Perspective of
Domestic Law...................................................................................... 37
[Protecia drepturilor femeii din perspectiva dreptului intern]
Mdlina Virginia ANTONESCU
Health Cards and Their Incompatibility with Human Rights, from the
Perspective of International Documents............................................. 38
[Cardurile de sntate i incompatibilitatea lor cu drepturile omului prin
prisma documentelor juridice internaionale]
Mdlina Virginia ANTONESCU
Recognition and Enforcement in Romania of Foreign Judgments in
Matrimonial Matters and the Matters of Parental Responsibility ...... 39
[Recunoaterea i executarea n Romnia a hotrrilor strine n materie
matrimonial i n materia rspunderii printeti]
Teodora Maria BANTA
Is Constitutionalism Obsolete? ........................................................... 40
[Este constituionalismul un concept depit?]
Ion BRAD
11
On Temporality of Law ........................................................................41

Aurora CIUC
Correlations between the Offence of Deceit and the Bona Fide
Principle Regulated by the New Civil Code ....................................... 43
[Corelaii ntre infraciunea de nelciune i principiul bunei-credine din
Noul Cod Civil]
Mirela Carmen DOBRIL
Intelligibility of the Laws A Desideratum Difficult to Achieve by the
Romanian Legislator ........................................................................... 44
[Inteligibilitatea legilor Un deziderat greu de atins de legiuitorul romn]
Ramona DUMINIC
The New Civil Code: Monistic Theory between Intention and Reality... 45
[Noul Cod Civil: Teoria monist ntre intenie i realitate]
Maria DUMITRU
A View on the Contemporary Ideas towards the Moral Status of
Abortion ............................................................................................... 46
[Un punct de vedere cu privire la concepiile contemporane privind
statutul moral al avortului]
Ancua Elena FRAN
Feminist Approaches on Abortion. Evolution and Significance ........ 47
[Perspective feministe cu privire la avort. Evoluie i semnificaii]
Ancua Elena FRAN
Successions in the Member States of the European Union ................ 48
[Succesiunile in statele membre ale Uniunii Europene]
Sandra Liliana GATEJEANU
Europeanization of Romanian Successional Legislation ................... 50
[Europenizarea Legislaiei Succesorale Romneti]
Ioana GELEI
Considerations on the European Certificate of Inheritance ............... 52
[Consideraii privind certificatul European de motenitor]
Ilioara GENOIU
12
Judicial and Extrajudicial Mediation .................................................. 53

[Medierea judiciar i extrajudiciar]
Alina-tefania GORGHIU
The Use of Mediation in Discrimination Cases.................................. 55
[Folosirea medierii n cazurile de discriminare]
Ctlina-Adriana IVNU
The Extrajudicial Mediation Conducted by the Romanian
Administrative Independent Authorities............................................. 56
[Medierea extrajudiciar realizat de autoritile administrative
independente din Romnia]
Marina Irina LAZR
The New Penal Code - An Expression of European Criminal Law ... 58
[Noul Cod Penal expresie a legislaiei penale europene]
Mihai Iulian NECULA
Magdalena Roxana NECULA
Reflections on the Institution Extradition .......................................... 59
[Reflecii asupra instituiei extrdrii]
Olivian MASTACAN
The Regime of Vices in the Contract of Sale ...................................... 60
[Regimul viciilor n contractul de vnzare]
Livia MOCANU
Considerations Regarding the Importance of Professional Appraisal of
Employees ............................................................................................61
[Consideraii privind importana evalurii profesionale a salariailor]
Rducan OPREA
Ramona Mihaela OPREA
Some Consideration on the Regulation of the Preventive Arrest in the
New Criminal Procedure Code ........................................................... 63
[Consideraii privind reglementarea arestrii preventive n noul cod de
procedur penal]
Mihaela Laura PAMFIL
Considerations on the importance of the Framework Convention for
the Protection of National Minorities ................................................. 64
Roxana Alina PETRARU
13
Fiscal Statement. Legal Regime.......................................................... 65

[Declaraia fiscal. Regim juridic]
Rada POSTOLACHE
General Aspects Regarding the Misbehavior - The Only Ground of
Disciplinary Liability ........................................................................... 66
[Aspecte generale privind abaterea disciplinar - Singurul temei al
rspunderii disciplinare]
Andra PURAN
Amelia SINGH
Entreprises and Civil Societies Under the New Civil Code.
Similarities and Differences................................................................. 67
[ntreprinderile i societile civile conform Noului Cod Civil. Asemnri
i deosebiri]
Amelia-Veronica SINGH
Some Considerations Regarding the Posting of the Romanian
Workers to E.U. and Non-E.U. Countries .......................................... 68
[Unele consideraii privind detaarea lucrtorilor romni n rile U.E. i
non-U.E.]
Ana TEFNESCU
Eduard NICOLAU
The Restorative and the Retributive Systems: Combining Measures 70
[Sistemul restaurativ i cel retributiv: combinarea msurilor]
Bianca-Liliana TNSESCU
Considerations on the Need to Regulate Legal Aggressiveness in
Social Sphere........................................................................................ 72
Elena TUDURACHI
Beatrice ABALAEI
The Role of the European Parliament According to the Lisabon
Treaty ................................................................................................... 74
[Rolul Parlamentului European din perspectiva Tratatului de la Lisabona]
Crina Mihaela VERGA
14
Section: Economical and Administrative Sciences

[Seciunea: tiine Economice i Administrative]
Republic of Moldova's Foreign Trade: Quality Specialization........... 77
[Comerul exterior al Republicii Moldova: calitatea specializrii]
Ileana ANASTASE (BDULESCU)
Money laundering in insurance industry ............................................ 78
Mariana BLAN
Carmen Marilena UZLU
Corina Maria ENE
Camelia POPA
The Current Economic Crisis: Measures and Solutions..................... 79
[Criza economic actual: Msuri i soluii]
Liana-Antonela BONTA
Business Ethics and Game Theory ..................................................... 80
[Etica afacerilor i teoria jocurilor]
Dan CRCIUN
Fiscal Policy Instruments to Boost Innnovation................................. 82
[Instrumente de politic fiscal pentru impulsionarea inovrii]
Mihaela DIACONU
The Impact of Taxation on Taxpayers Behavior ............................... 83
[Impactul fiscalitii asupra comportamentului contribuabilului]
Maria-Mihaela DINC
Section: Political Sciences and European Studies

[Seciunea: tiine Politice i Studii Europene]
EUs Asylum Policy Towards non-EU Nationals Between Theory and
Practice: 2011 Refugee Crisis and its Effects on the European
Internal Policies................................................................................... 87
Ioana Raluca BALA
15
Restructuring the International System in the Late Twentieth Century

and Its Consequences on Ethnic Identities and Borders: Case Study:
South-Eastern Europe ......................................................................... 89
[Restructurarea sistemului internaional la sfritul secolului al XX-lea i
consecinele sale asupra identitilor i frontierelor etnice: studiu de caz:
Europa de Sud-Est]
Iulia BNDAR
Petre P. Carp. Un portret perspectivist ................................................91
[Petre P. Carp. A perspectivist portrait]
Silvia BOCANCEA
Reforming the Intelligence Sector Through Academic Education.
Implications for the Military and Civilian Higher Education ............ 92
[Reformarea domeniului de intelligence prin intermediul educaiei
universitare. Implicaii asupra nvmntului militar si civil superior]
Claudia CRISTESCU
The European Union and the Assertion of German Primacy: A
Theoretical Approach .......................................................................... 95
[Uniunea European i afirmarea primatului german: o abordare teoretic]
Lucian DRDAL
Gender equality policies in the labor market: from equal pay to work
life balance ........................................................................................... 96
[Politicile egalitii ntre femei i brbai pe piaa muncii: de la egalitatea
salarizrii la concilierea ntre viaa profesional i viaa personal]
Alina HURUBEAN
The European Integration of the Republic of Moldova: Mith and
Reality .................................................................................................. 98
[Integrarea european a Republicii Moldova: mit i realitate]
Aurelian LAVRIC
Romania a Bridge towards the Eastern Neighbors of the European
Union ................................................................................................... 99
[Romna: o punte de trecere spre vecinii din estul Uniunii Europene]
Alina Ioana PRISTA
16
Perceptions of the Political Parliamentary lites from Romania Upon

the Role of State in Economy Before and After the Introducing of the
Uninominal Vote ................................................................................ 101
[Percepii ale elitei politice parlamentare din Romnia asupra rolului
statului n economie nainte i dup alegerile prin vot uninominal]
Marcela Monica STOICA
New Trends in The European Neighbourhood Policy. Case Study:
The Euro-Mediterranean Region Security Issues..............................103
Claudiu-Laureniu ABREA
Parasca IURCEA
Decision-making models in public policies process: a
transdisciplinary approach .................................................................104
[Modele decizionale n procesul
politicilor publice: o abordare
transdisciplinar]
Dorina ICU
Romania's relations with Russia in the post-December Romanian
foreign policy register .........................................................................106
[Relaiile Romniei cu Rusia n catastiful politicii externe romneti
postdecmbriste]
Miruna Mdlina TRANDAFIR
Section: Social Sciences

[Seciunea: tiine Sociale]
Regional television: features...............................................................109
[Viitorul televiziunii regionale]
Margareta ANDREESCU
Reflexivity - A Principle for Innovation in Education ....................... 110
[Reflexivitatea- Un principiu al inovaiei n educaie]
Carmen ALEXANDRACHE
The Romanian Religious Mentality - A Problem of Method and
Thought .............................................................................................. 111
[Mentalul religios romnesc - O problem de metod i reflecie]
Carmen ALEXANDRACHE
17
Frontiers And Contemporary Thinking: Zygmunt Bauman And

Salman Rushdie .................................................................................. 113
Dana BDULESCU
Intercultural Communication in the Migrations Context................. 115
[Comunicarea intercultural n context migraionist]
Simion BELEA
Cutting-Edge Strategies for Training our Business learners'
Intercultural Competence................................................................... 117
Awicha BENABDALLAH
Opportunities and Perspectives from Informal Learning.................. 118
[Oportuniti i perspective ale nvrii informale]
Elena BRUM
ICT and Its Impact on Organizational Learning ..............................120
Diego CARDONA
Personality and the Social Cognition ................................................. 121
[Personalitatea i cogniia social]
Felicia CEAUU
Martial Arts Anthropology for Sport Pedagogy and Physical Education.122
Wojciech J. CYNARSKI
Kazimierz OBODYSKI
Howard Z. ZENG
Performance Management A Fundamental Resource for Success.124
[Managementul performanelor resurs fundamental pentru obinerea
succesului]
Georgiana CORCACI
Value and Behaviour Determinant Factors of a Democratic Regime
.............................................................................................................126
[Determinri de ordin valoric i comportamental ale unui regim
democratic]
Andreea-Ioana COZIANU
18
Humanization of Higher Technical School - A Current Trend in the

Field of Education ..............................................................................127
[Umanizarea colii superioare tehnice o tendin actual n domeniul
educaional]
Victoria DANILA
Implementing Bologna Process: Taking into Account what Students
Think and Improving Professors Performance in Class ...................129
Fernando DIEZ ESTELLA
Resources of Secondary Teachers Resilience Facing School Violence
in Romania and Quebec.....................................................................130
[Resurse mobilizate pentru dezvoltarea rezilienei educaionale de ctre
profesorii care predau n nvmntul secundar din Qubec i Romnia
pentru a surmonta violena colar]
Viorica DOBRIC TUDOR
Manon THORT
The Administrative Organization of Romania in the Period between
the Two World Wars. A Comparative Perspective .............................132
[Organizarea administrativ a Romniei n perioada interbelic. O
perspectiv comparat]
Bogdan-Cristian DUMITRU
Education in Times of War and Emergencies...................................134
Marco FANARA
Audio-visual Messaje in Postmodernism ...........................................135
[Mesajul Audio-Vizual in Postmodernism]
Maria FLOREA
Religion, Ethics and Development Method and Metamorphosis ..136
V. Basil HANS
The Entrepreneurial Orientation Can Enhance the Teacher
Performance in Higher Education ...................................................137
Naeem HAYAT
Muhammad Tayyeb RIAZ
19
Value of Plagiarism Electronic Detector Tools in Higher Education.....138

Ann HILLIARD
Risks, Vulnerability and Primary Education in Sudan ......................139
Mohamed Hassan Ali HISHAM
Education and Needs: Against Novelty in Mentality ........................140
Alexandru JIVAN
Mandatory Use of TurnItIn: The Effect of a Policy on Reducing
Unoriginal Writing in Online Classes ................................................ 141
Peter P. KIRIAKIDIS
Mandatory Online Discussions: The Effect of a Postgraduate Policy on
Communication Between Faculty Members and Graduate Learners ......143
Peter KIRIAKIDIS
Kelley Jo Walters
The Erasmus Program in Polish Press ..............................................145
Katarzyna TOOCZKO
Teachers Professional Qualifications from an ESP Perspective:
Challenging the Traditional EFL Context .........................................146
Nawal MEBITIL
Phenomenological Attitude and Scientific Rationality at Edmund
Husserl................................................................................................147
Nela MIRCIC
Implications of Globalization on Education......................................149
Srikant MISRA
Psychological Profile of Adolescent Internet-User ............................ 151
Olga MOROZAN
NLP or The Study of Human Excellence ......................................153
Mihaela Amalia PETROVICI
Applied communication and creativity: The Transactional Analysis
and The Neuro Linguistic Programming .......................................154
[Comunicare aplicat i creativitate: AT i NLP]
Doina Mihaela POPA
20
Techniques and Intervention Strategies for Vulnerable Social

Childrens.............................................................................................155
[Tehnici i strategii de intervenie n cazul copiilor social vulnerabili]
Rzvan POPOVICI DIACONU
Abuse and Sexual Trauma in the Romanian Communist
Concentration Space...........................................................................156
[Abuz i traum sexual n spaiul concentraionar comunist romnesc]
Dumitru-Ctlin ROGOJANU
Alexandra-Raluca POP (cs. ROGOJANU)
Between Forgiveness and Unforgiveness. The Position of the Former
Political Detainees towards the Communist Torturers......................157
[ntre ieratre i neiertare. Poziia fotilor deinui fa de torionarii
comuniti]
Dumitru-Ctlin ROGOJANU
Alexandra-Raluca POP (cs. ROGOJANU)
Critical Thinking as a Methodology for the Writing of Informative
Essays in the Health Sciences Area ...................................................158
Silvia RUBN
Ethical counseling. Methodological framework ................................160
Antonio SANDU
Going Back to School: A University-Middle School Civics Partnership .162
Robbin SMITH
Means of Evaluating the Dynamics of Health Systems.....................163
[Modalitati de evaluare a dinamiciisistemelor de sanatate]
Ovidiu STAMATIN
Alisa NICA
Do not Kill the Women! A Feminist Cry from Stifled Romania ........165
[Nu ucidei femeile! Un strigt feminist dintr-o Romnie sufocat]
Briena STOICA
To Give and to Make: Identity Images and Adaptive Strategies

Among Older Rural Women...............................................................167
Danila OITU
Camelia BRSAN
21
The Child's Right to Freedom of Expression and Use of the Internet ...168
Anca TEODORESCU
Aggression in Marital and Cohabiting Relationships........................169
Valentina URCAN
Appreciative Supervision ....................................................................170
Simona UURELU
Learning Experiences in Hungarian Movies ..................................... 171
Elza-Emoke VERESS
Patterns of Internet Use by Students in English Schools ..................173
Albin WALLACE
Section: Humanistic Sciences

[Seciunea: tiine Umaniste]
Modern Philosophical Presuppositions in the Doctrine of Substance
(or on having and seeing ideas) ..................................................177
[Presupoziii filosofice moderne n doctrina substanei (sau despre a
avea i a vedea idei)]
Anton ADMU
On the Chivalrousness of Homeric World .........................................179
[Despre cavalerismul lumii homerice]
Luminia ADMU
Postmodern Chalenges in Mass Communication..............................180
[Provocri post-moderne n comunicarea de mas]
tefania BEJAN
Ideology as a Means of Interpretation. A New Perspective of Plato .182
Sorin BOCANCEA
The Communist Regime Versus the Rural World in the First Years of
the Agricultural Collectivization in Romania (1949-1952)..................183
[Regimul comunist versus lumea rural n primii ani ai procesului de
colectivizare a agriculturii romneti (1949-1952)]
Sanda-Maria BORA
22
The Position and Role of Deontology in Postmodern Society ..........184

[Locul i rolul deontologiei n societatea postmodern]
Valeriu CAPCELEA
Manipulation into the Media; Journalistic Ethics..............................186
[Manipularea n mass-media; Etica jurnalistic]
Felicia CEAUU
Existentialistic Views- Consequences Analysis and the Problem of a
Sense of Existence ..............................................................................187
[Puncte de vedere existenialiste- analiza consecinelor i problema
sensului]
Aura CIOBOTARU
The Legislation of Jeweller's Industry (Comparative Analysis: The
Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation and Ukraine) .189
[Legislaia privind activitatea n domeniul artei bijuteriilor (studiu
comparativ: Republica Moldova, Romnia, Federaia Rus, Ucraina)]
Liliana CONDRATICOVA
Epistemological References of Nonverbal Communication in the
Context of New Educational Paradigm .............................................190
[Referine epistemologice ale comunicrii nonverbale n contextul noii
paradigme educaionale]
Daniel CORU
Romania in the Equation of Bipolarism (1960-1969) .........................192
[Romnia n ecuaia bipolarismului (1960-1969)]
Mihai Alexandru CROITOR
From Brasov to Shambala with Johann Martin Honigberger............193
[Din Braov n Shambala cu Johann Martin Honigberger]
tefania Maria CUSTUR
Feminism in the XII-th Century? The Medieval Treaty De amore of
Andreas Capellanus ............................................................................194
[Feminism n secolul al XII-lea. Tratatul medieval De amore al lui Andr
le Chapelain]
Maria-Alexandra DRAGAN
23
Gypsies Integration into Society of the Habsburg Empire in

Transylvania........................................................................................196
[Integrarea romilor n Transilvania Habsburgic]
Mihai FLOROAIA
Psychology of the Creative Process in Literary and Artistic Vision...198
[Psihologia procesului de creaie n viziune literar-artistic]
Ana GHILA
Modality in Scientific Communication. A Case Study of Modal
Meaning in Scientific Articles in English by Romanian Authors......199
[Modalitatea n comunicarea tiinific. Cazul sensurilor modale ntr-un
corpus de articole de economie n englez scrise de autori romni]
Teodora GHIVIRIG
Recitatio in vivo -A Transdisciplinary Education Project .................201

[Recitatio in vivo Un proiect educaional transdisciplinar]
Marin GRIGOREAN
Risk Situations School and Violent Behavior.....................................203

[Situaiile de risc colar i comportamentul violent]
Felicia IUROAIA
The Epistemic Categories of Postmodernism and Alienation of
Human Being .....................................................................................204
[Categoriile epistemice ale postmodernismului i alienarea fiinei umane]
Anca-Narcisa LEIZERIUC
Man as the Alter Ego of the Artificial Human Being ........................206
[Omul natural ca alter ego al omului artificial]
Marcela-Mdlina MACOVEI
Prevailing Ideologies in the Romanian Literary Press of the 70s ......207
[Ideologii dominante n presa literar romneasc a anilor 70]
Corina Maria MARIN
Myths of the Nation in Joseph Roths Die Bste des Kaisers [The
Bust of the Emperor]..........................................................................209
Vilma MIHLY
24
Tozgrec Written by Ioan Petru Culianu or the Labyrinth of

Interpretation......................................................................................210
[Tozgrec de Ioan Petru Culianu sau labirintul interpretrii]
Anca Ramona MATEI
Romanian Literary Histories between Tradition and Modernity ...... 211

[Istorii literare romneti ntre tradiie i modernitate]
Ioana Andreea MIRCEA
Romanian Architects in Reclusion. Methodological Aspects and Short
Case Study...........................................................................................213
Vlad MITRIC-CIUPE
Xenisms of French Origin in the Novel Disheveled Virgins by
Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu.............................................................215
[Xenisme de origine francez n romanul Fecioarelor despletite de
Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu]
Adina- Simona MITROFAN
A Philosophical Theory of Learning without Teacher in the 17th
Century. Nicolas Malebranche...........................................................216
[O teorie filosofic a nvrii fr profesor n secolul al XVII-lea. Nicolas
Malebranche]
Cristian MOISUC
An Analyze of the Concept of Citizen from the Perspective of the First
Romanian Constitution ......................................................................218
[O analiz a conceptului de cetean din perspectiva primei Constituii a
Romniei]
Adina Laura GHI (cs. NASTA)
The Role of Propaganda of Late-ancient Imperial Sculpture in
Romania..............................................................................................219
[Rolul propagandistic al sculpturii imperiale antic-trzii n Romnia]
Ioana - Iulia OLARU
Kant & the Enlightenment .................................................................221
Antonio PELE
25
To Sell Ones Nation Developing an Irony of National

Representation....................................................................................222
Oana-Maria PETROVICI
The New Atlantis, A One of a Kind Utopia .......................................223
[Noua Atlantid, o utopie altfel ]
Teodora PRELIPCEAN
From Culianu to Michael A. Williams Issues in Defining
Gnosticism ......................................................................................224
[De la Culianu la Michael A. Williams probleme n definirea
gnosticsmului]
Victor Alexandru PRICOPI
Alethic Aspects of Art: A Phenomenological Hermeneutical

Perspective on Artistic Truth..............................................................225
[Valene alethice ale artei: o perspectiv fenomenologico hermeneutic
asupra adevrului artistic]
Anca Raluca PURCARU
Appreciative Ethics of Care ................................................................227
Antonio SANDU
Daniela COJOCARU
Simona PONEA
Ethical and Philosophical Appreciative Counseling..........................229
Antonio SANDU
Simona PONEA
The Concept of Autonomy in Bioethics and Applied Ethics.............231
[Conceptul de autonomie n bioetic i etic aplicat]
Antonio SANDU
Traces of AI in the Eastern Culture ...................................................233
M.R. SREESHA
The Role and Importance of the Greatest Romanian Literature
Classics within Nowadays Cultural Frame and Society.....................234
[Rolul i importana clasicilor literaturii romne n cadrul societii i
culturii actuale]
Oana STANCULESCU ILIE
26
Metatextual Games in the Novel Cartea de la Metopolis by tefan

Bnulescu............................................................................................236
[Jocuri metatextuale n romanul Cartea de la Metopolis de tefan Bnulescu]
Mihaela VATAMANU
The Institutional Nature of Art: Art Defined by Rules ......................238
[Natura Instituional a Artei: Arta Definit prin Reguli]
Oana VOD
Panel
EUROPE: CULTURES IN DIALOG
[Europa: Culturi n dialog]
The Public Interest is Dead. Pathologies of Communicative Action by
Semantic Transformation ...................................................................241
[Interesul public a murit. Patologii ale aciunii comunicative prin mutaie
semantic]
Valentina PRICOPIE
The Alethic Deterioraton of Public Discourse. From Sophistry to
Epistemic Inconsistency ....................................................................242
[Deteriorarea alethic a discursului public. De la sofism la inconsecvena
epistemic]
Tomi CIULEI
The Public Discourse Generated by the Assassination of Ioan Petru
Culianu................................................................................................243
[Discursul public generat de asasinarea lui Ioan Petru Culianu]
Simona GALACHI
The organicism of Romanian traditional culture...............................244
[Organicismul culturii tradiionale romneti]
Daniel COJANU
Does technology belongs to reality space or to imaginary world?.....245
[Tehnologia ntre prototip al realitii i imaginar. Aparine tehnologia
spaiului realitii sau imaginarului?]
Alexandru POMPILIU
27
The curse in the very first Romanian rethoric. Cultural confluences 246
[Blestemul n primele retorici romneti. Confluente culturale]
Laura BDESCU
Life, Death and the Lack of Life in Various Texts of Mihai Eminescu ....247
[Viaa, moartea i lipsa vieii n poezia eminescian]
Lavinia BANIC
On the Paradoxes of Researching and Writing on the Things Hidden
since the Beginning of the World.......................................................248
[Despre paradoxurile cercetrii celor ascunse de la facerea lumii]
Monica-Elena MITARC
The Symbolic Construction of the Profession of Journalist in Romania ...249
[Construcia simbolic a profesiunii de jurnalist n Romnia]
Luminita ROCA
About the (in)tolerable Violence in Film within Children Eyes ........250
[Despre (in)tolerabilitatea violenei din film prin ochii copiilor]
Anca VELICU
Panel
Ethical Challenges in Postmodernity
Role of Ethical Supervision in Social Justice Ditribution ..................253

[Rolul supervizrii etice in distribuia dreptii sociale]
Ana CARAS
Constructionist Social Work. From Theory to Practice .....................254
tefan COJOCARU
Parental Education seen by teenagers. An exploratory study............255
Daniela COJOCARU
Contemporary ethical controversies about possible treatments in
diabetes mellitus (pancreas transplant, alternative methods) ...........256
[Controverse etice contemporane privind posibile tratamente n diabetul
zaharat]
Simona DAMIAN
Roxana NECULA
Irina STREBA
Antonio SANDU
28
Legal and Ethical Considerations of Establishing the Timing of

Death...................................................................................................258
[Consideraii legale i etice privind stabilirea momentului morii]
Irina STREBA
Beatrice IOAN
Simona DAMIAN
Spiritual Perspectives on Cchronic Diseases .....................................260
[Perspective spirituale asupra ngrijirii bolnavilor cronici]
Magdalena Roxana NECULA
Simona Irina DAMIAN
Mihai Iulian NECULA
Ethics in Health Behavior Change - Case Study in Chronic Disease
Self-management. The Care of Chronic Patients...............................261
Liliana ILIESCU
29

Section: Law
[Seciunea: Drept]


LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012
The Law The Source of Codification

[Legea Fundament al codificrii]
Roxana Gabriela ALBSTROIU
Abstract
Throughout history, from the earliest attempts of codification, until
recent codes, lawyers have sought the fulfillment of the ideal of
righteousness and justice. If the law is there to express the standardized
values, all the more, this role is amplified in a code. So, the ideological basis
can transcend his every letter, his title, his preliminary or his plan, but,
especialli his content. Beyond ideology, the legal reality described by the
law, must be the most accurate conversion of the social reality, otherwise,
the law was born dead.
The present study tries to identify the systematic stages of law in the
coding action and to formulate the principles which give stability and
sustainability to the Code in time. All of this are presented to be able to
determine the basis, but also the implants that the social, political,
economical and religious environment made every time in the procedure for
determining the social realities who must be legislated, but especially in the
systematization act of law. The law perceived as the foundation of the code
is passing to a certain trivialization cauzed, in fierst time by the legislative
inflation, and second time by the lack of the interpretation of law that we
allready have in the system.
Keywords:
the Code, the law, the legislative inflation, the legislative
developments, the excessive specialization of law.
Biography:
The author is a Ph.D. from University of Craiova, Faculty of Law
and Administrative Sciences, in 2009-2012. She also is the beneficiary of a
doctoral scholarship in the program POSDRU.
The faculty and master have been completed at the same institution,
while were performed the research stages: the stage Erasmus (september
2005- january 2006) Faculty of Law and European Studies, University "Jean
Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Law and Administrative Sciences, University of Craiova,
POSDRU/88/1.5/S/49516 Creterea calitii i a competitivitii cercetrii doctorale prin
acordarea de burse, Email Address: roxana_albastroiu@yahoo.com; Phone no.: 0751
146551
1
33

Moulin" (Lyon 3), France, and two other research stages: the research stage
to the master (april 2009- june 2009), and a doctoral research stage
(december 2011- february 2012), both at the Bourgogne University, Dijon,
France.
The author has a total of 15 articles published or being published in
conferences and journals.
34
Particular Aspects of Forensic Investigation of Nonobservance of Measures Regarding the Entrusting of Child
[Particulariti privind investigarea criminalistic a infraciunii
de nerespectare a msurilor privind ncredinarea minorului]
Carmina ALECA1
Daniela IANCU2
Abstract
For the analisys of the complex aspects concerning the prosecution
related to child entrustment crimes , the provisions of the Penal Code
concordes with the new Civil Code which leads to an interdependent
forensic investigation .
The complexity of crimes related to child entrustment due to the
numerous normative variants depicted in the law , in which this crime may
be comited , but also due to the legal guidelines that ensure the childs best
interest requires the investigating body to perform a penal investigation
efficiently . To acomplish this it is required for the later to prove the
circumstances which from the object of prosecution .
Considering the fact that it s a crime related to the family , the
investigation of events which lead to criminal prosecution implies that the
intervention of the police ,in the family life, in order to determin if the
proper enviroment is insured for the minor , shall be done considering the
sensitive nature this relationship implies .
At the same time the issue at hand is the analisys of the normative
measures , the incriminating factor is considered the endangerment of child
growth and education which is required by the insurance of the childs best
interest . In other words it is necesary to insure the possibility of child care
within family even in the case of a divorce . It is also necesary to ensure
personal relationship in the case in which the child has been intrusted to a
person.
Determining the conditions and the circumstances in which deeds
that relate to the minor child occur must be done concretly taking into
acount the specifics of each case.
Keywords:
child, family crime, criminal investigation, the best interest of child,
personal relationships
Asist. Ph.D., Faculty of Juridical and Administrative Sciences, University of Pitesti, Email
Address: carmina.aleca@yahoo.com
2 Lect. Ph.D., Faculty of Juridical and Administrative Sciences, University of Piteti, Email
Address: daniela.iancu@upit.ro
1
35
Trends of Uniformity of the Property Matrimonial Regimes

Provisions in the European Union
Nadia Cerasela ANIEI1
Abstract
The European Commission acknowledged the need to find modern
solutions regarding the conflicts of law in matters concerning the
matrimonial regimes by presenting on July 17, 2006 the Green Paper on
Conflict of Laws in Matters concerning Matrimonial Property Regimes,
including the question of Jurisdiction and Mutual Recognition.
Therefore, the Commission announced, as a way to remedy this
situation, the adoption in 2011 of a proposal of a legislative instrument that
would allow international couples (spouses or registered partners) to learn
more easily, about the courts that are competent and about the law which
applies to their property rights.
Following discussions, the European Commission conducted a
common impact analysis that led to the development of two proposals as a
result of the registered partnership and marriage particularities and of the
various legal consequences that these forms of union produce.
Keywords:
matrimonial property regimes; registered partnerships that refer both
to the spouses; "Europeanisation" of the private international law.
Ph.D., Associate professor, Faculty of Law, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Email
Address: ncerasela@yahoo.com
1
36
The Legal Regime of Woman's Rights from the Perspective

of Domestic Law
[Protecia drepturilor femeii din perspectiva dreptului intern]
Mdlina Virginia ANTONESCU1
Abstract
Within the Romanian private law, at the Criminal Law level, there is
a quite low level of legal protection and promotion of womens rights
(proving a need for a continuous improvement, inclusively by introducing a
new article destined to incriminate the bad treatments against woman; a
consolidated article regarding crime of sexual harassment; augmenting the
severity of sanctions for crimes against women- domestic violence, feminine
prostitution, injuries against women). As well, the level of juridical
protection of under-age women in Romanian society must be improved,
taking into account that Romania is an orthodox state and an EU member
state. From the perspective of the Private Law and of others internal laws,
the woman has the benefit of concrete applications of the principle of
equality in rights between women and men; the modification of law against
domestic violence, in 2012, improves the concrete protection given by state
authorities to the woman confronted with violence within her private
sphere. This proves the compatibility between state interventionism within
the private sphere and the democratic character of state, rule of law, and the
protection of human rights, recognized at the level of Romanian
Constitution.
Keywords:
human rights, protection of womens rights, sexual harassment,
equality of gender, equality of chances, Criminal Law, Private Law, bad
treatments, traffic of human persons, domestic violence, integrity, dignity,
right to life, free development of human personality, economic aggression.
Ph.D. Scientific Researcher, Email Address: vam55ro@yahoo.com,

antonescu.eu
1
www.madalina-
37
Health Cards and Their Incompatibility with Human

Rights, from the Perspective of International Documents
[Cardurile de sntate i incompatibilitatea lor cu drepturile
omului prin prisma documentelor juridice internaionale]
Mdlina Virginia ANTONESCU1
Abstract
The paper shows how the Romanian state operates a grave
infringement of human rights consecrated within international documents,
by introducing biometric health cards on the Romanian territory and
regarding physical persons submitted to its jurisdiction. This is a clear signal
of abandoning its main function of defending democracy, rule of law and
human rights, and converting the public institutions into actors of a policestate. By introducing biometrical practices, opposed in their essence to
human rights, democracy and rule of law, the Romanian state violates not
only the spirit and the text of its Constitution, but also, the European and
international regulations ratified by it. This indicates a great gap at the
beginning of XXI century, between the adepts of a police-state pattern,
devoted to the incessant control, monitorization, manipulation of human
person through electronic means, and those wanting a free, democratic
society, based on development and consolidation of human rights.
Keywords:
health cards, human rights, biometrical practices, ius cogens,
international regulations, health reform
Ph.D. Scientific researcher, Email Address: vam55ro@yahoo.com, www.madalinaantonescu.eu,

http://ro.linkedin.com/pub/madalina-virginia-antonescu/14/147/6b1,
http://independent.academia.edu/MadalinaAntonescu/Teaching/26042/despre_opera_stii
ntifica_vizibilitate
1
38
Recognition and Enforcement in Romania of Foreign

Judgments in Matrimonial Matters and the Matters of
Parental Responsibility
[Recunoaterea i executarea n Romnia a hotrrilor strine n
materie matrimonial i n materia rspunderii printeti]
Teodora Maria BANTA1
Abstract
Regulation No. 2201/2003 concerning jurisdiction and the
recognition and enforcement of judgments in matrimonial matters and the
matters of parental responsibility has the objective to facilitate the legal
treatment applicable to judgments given in European Union member states,
thus instituting the principle according to which such judgments are
recognized and may produce effects by way of enforcement, within the
territory of any solicited member state, other than the state of origin of the
said judgment.
The regulation subjected to the present examination represents an
instrument conceived for achieving a constant and effective judicial
cooperation in matrimonial matters and in the matters of parental
responsibility around Europe, between the member states authorities, with
the scope of overcoming any obstacles deriving from the incompatibilities of
different legal systems.
The present study is meant to examine, both in theory, as well as
from the perspective of more practical implications, the provisions of
Regulation No. 2201/2003, in the scope of identifying the main conditions
and procedures necessary for the recognition and enforcement in Romania
of foreign judgments given in matrimonial matters and the matters of
parental responsibility, as well as the special cases that lead to the refusal of
recognition by national courts of justice. The research is being substantiated
on the particular characteristics of the said judgments, by examining the
consequences and legal and personal effects caused to the parties involved in
such litigations.
Keywords:
recognition, enforcement, judicial cooperation, foreign judgment.
University Assistant, Ph.D. Candidate, Law Faculty, University of Bucharest, Email

Address: teodora-maria.bantas@drept.unibuc.ro
39
Is Constitutionalism Obsolete?
[Este constituionalismul un concept depit?]
Ion BRAD1
Abstract
Few doctrines of constitutional law had to undergo such a
terminological abuse as the notion of constitutionalism. Used frequently, but
without rigor, by lawyers, political science scholars or just politicians, the
concept carries today a multitude of meanings. The remark of Giovanni
Sartori, that the legal terminology, in the measure in which it affects political
law, tends to be distorted and abused, proved again accurate.
But the depreciation of constitutionalism was determined not only
by the terminological chaos. There is for some time in the constitutional law
doctrine a certain attitude of skepticism and disappointment towards this
notion. Usually, this attitude is sustained by references to well-known
examples of constitutions which were only a faade or which didnt manage
to be efficient barriers in front of different totalitarian movements.
Accordingly, constitutionalism is considered an obsolete concept, whose
initial promises were not confirmed by subsequent developments.
This paper intends to be a pleading for constitutionalism. We will
analyze the accusations made against it, trying to prove that the pessimistic
perspective upon this concept is not justified. We have conceived this
attempt to revitalize constitutionalism in two stages. First, we will operate a
number of terminological clarifications. From its numerous meanings, we
want to discover the authentic one. Secondly, we will argue that correctly
understood, constitutionalism is a concept more actual and valuable than
ever.
Keywords:
Constitution, Constitutionalism, Democracy, Power Abuse
Biography:
I have graduated in 2000 from "Babes-Bolyai" University, Faculty of
Law. Since 2001 I have taught Constitutional Law at the Faculty of Law and
the Faculty of Political Science. Currently I am an associate professor at the
Faculty of Political Science, teaching courses and seminars in the area of
Constitutional Law and human rights. In 2009 I took my Phd degree and
since 2011 I am also a lawyer in the Cluj bar.
Ph.D. Associate Professor "Babes-Bolyai" University, Faculty of Political Science, Email
Address: av_ibrad@yahoo.com, phone: 0040 745 914 092
40
On Temporality of Law
Aurora CIUC1
Abstract
The entire legal thought is composed of overlapped layers of tries,
interpretations and reinterpretations of procedures and methods often
revisited. People are subjected to the pressure of time, are bound to observe,
in legal relationships, precise moments of time for certain actions. The
apparently technical aspect of the procedures is overwhelming, however, it
cannot be denied that they impose a certain discipline on life and invite to
reflection: within which period of time one can file a lawsuit, an appeal or a
complaint etc. Delay, deferral, negligence can be severely sanctioned. Having
these reflections as a starting point we intend to make, in this paper, an
analysis of the relation law - time, which would cover both the traditional
and the new aspects.
Keywords:
legal thought, relation law time, traditional and the new aspects.
Biography:
Aurora Ciuc, Prof. Ph. D.
Professor of International Public Law and International Human
Rights Law, M.Koglniceanu University, Iai, Romania
Bachelor of Laws ,Al.I.Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Law
(1986)
Postuniversity Graduate in Penal Law, Al.I.CuzaUnversity
(1990)
Master of Laws,in International Law and Human Rights Law,
Cum laude Diploma
Center for Civil and Human Rights, Notre Dame University,
U.S.A. (1996)
Intern, Minnesota Advocates for Human Rights, Minneapolis,
U.S.A (1996)
PhD, in International Private Law, Al. I. CuzaUniversity (1999)
Books (author and co-author): International Public Law (2000,

2005), International Protection of Human Rights (1998, 2004, 2009),
Bioethics, Life Sciences and Human Rights (1998), Introduction in Biolaw,
From Bioethics to Biolaw (2003), Personal Status and Nationality in
Prof. Univ. Ph.D., Dean of Faculty of Law, Mihail Kogalniceanu" Univeristy from Iasi,
Email Address: aurora_ciuca_2000@yahoo.com
1
41

International Private Law (2005), Judiciary Deontology. Sillabus (2009),
Human Rights. A European Mosaic (2012)
Member of:
- SEF Foundation [ECW] (Equal Opportunities for Women) Iasi,
Romania .
- CMSC [CMCS] (Center for Mediation and Communitarian
Security) Iasi, Romania
- NDHR (Notre Dame Advocates for Human Rights), USA
- SFDI (Socit franaise pour le droit international), Paris, France
42
Correlations between the Offence of Deceit and the Bona

Fide Principle Regulated by the New Civil Code
[Corelaii ntre infraciunea de nelciune i principiul buneicredine din Noul Cod Civil]
Mirela Carmen DOBRIL1
Abstract
The specific regulation of bona fide as a general principle in the New
Civil Code will allow for a correct interpretation of this concept, both in the
civil framework, as well as in the effects and influences it has on criminal law
in the case of the offence of deceit. This is required for any analysis of acts
of deceit, which will have to be made through the perspective of civil
regulations, in order to determine whether the conditions of the offence as
described in article 215 of the Criminal Code are met; in order for that to be
accomplished, an appreciation of the offenders lack of bona fide is
necessary, as an objective standard of conduct that should exist within any
contractual agreement. Aside from its effects on a civil level, the violation of
bona fide also has consequences on criminal liability, with the possibility of
being sanctioned as an offence of deceit, according to article 215 of the
Criminal Code, which requires the existence of trust and bona fide between
the contracting parties in order to function normally. In the case of the
offence of deceit, a new development is the difficult position courts of law
are placed in, as they will have to establish whether the standards imposed
by bona fide, as it is regulated by the New Civil Code, were abided by.
Keywords:
offence of deceit, article 215 of the Romanian Criminal Code,
principle of good faith, New Romanian Civil Code
Ph.D. Candidate, Junior Assistant, Faculty of Law, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iai,
Email: mirela.dobrila@uaic.ro;
43
Intelligibility of the Laws A Desideratum Difficult to

Achieve by the Romanian Legislator
[Inteligibilitatea legilor Un deziderat greu de atins de
legiuitorul romn]
Ramona DUMINIC1
Abstract:
In the present Romanian society, characterized by economic and
political radical changes we are witnessing a true crisis of law, a
"pathology" of the law.
The legislative act no longer appears as being necessary to put the
reality in order the reality and to ensure the protection of the individual and
his rights, but has become a solution among many others, an element of the
program imposed by the party or parties holding the power.
Based on these findings, this study aims to demonstrate that law
loses more and more glamor and prestige, and this decay process is
accelerated also by the poor quality of law drafting. Lack of clarity of law is a
main obstacle to its accessibility because it isnt enough to bring the law to
the publics knowledge by publication in the official journal, but accessibility
involves intelligibility.
Keywords:
predictability, law, accessibility, clarity, crisis of law.
Biography:
PhD. Candidate in General Theory of Law at the Tudor R. Popescu
Doctoral School, University of Craiova, Romania, member of the
Euroregional Centre for the Prevention and Fight against Cross-Border
Criminality. Graduate of Law at the Faculty of Juridical and Administrative
Sciences of the University of Pitesti and also Journalism at the Faculty of
Journalism and Communication of the University of Bucharest. She also
received a Masters degree in Business Law. During 2007-2011, she was an
assistant professor at the Faculty of Juridical and Administrative Sciences of
the University of Pitesti and currently she is a parliamentary adviser at the
Romanian Parliament. In terms of scientific research, Ramona Duminic is
the co-author of five academic courses: European Justice, Business Law,
Elements of Law, International Private Law, Deontology of Public Servants;
the author of 7 articles and the co-author of 30 articles published in various
national and international journals.
Ph.D. Candidate, University of Craiova Faculty of Law and Administrative Sciences, Email
Address duminica.ramona@yahoo.com, Phone No. 0040744922368.
44
The New Civil Code: Monistic Theory between Intention

and Reality
[Noul Cod Civil: Teoria monist ntre intenie i realitate]
Maria DUMITRU1
Abstract
According to the explanatory memorandum, by adopting a new Civil
Code the intention was to introduce the regulatory monistic conception of
the relations in private law in one code. Therefore the legislator declares that
it incorporated "all" regulations regarding persons, family relations and trade
relations in a single act: the Civil Code. To what extent the above stated
intention is reflected in reality we try to analyze below.
Both before adopting the new civil Code and also now, the
controversy aroused by the unitary/plural character of private law only
concerns the area of trade and commerce. Because the monistic theory of
regulatory issues, has always bordered on the civil-commercial law
relationship, our approach will also only fit in this range
Keywords:
monistic theory, commercial law, private law
Biography:
Maria Dumitru is a doctor in law, associate professor at Petre
Andrei University Iai, lawyer and insolvency practitioner. She is director
for the Department of Private Law of the Center for Legal Research of
Petre Andrei University Iai and editor of Jurnalul de studii juridice
(Journal of legal studies). Her scientific work has resulted in the appearance
of several monographs, university courses and the publication of numerous
studies in prestigious journals.
1 Associate Professor Ph.D, Petre Andrei University, Iai, Faculty of Law, Lawyer in Iai
Bar, dumitrumaria@yahoo.com
45
A View on the Contemporary Ideas towards the Moral

Status of Abortion
[Un punct de vedere cu privire la concepiile contemporane
privind statutul moral al avortului]
Ancua Elena FRAN 1
Abstract
As we try to analyse the contemporary views on abortion, we
identify two guiding lines. On the one hand, in many countries, legislations
regarding abortion have reached a high degree of liberalization, never known
before. We try to determine whether the citizens in the countries which
allow abortion really think that abortion should be largely permitted.
On the other hand, an extremely large number of people think that
abortion is immoral, and some of these people actively fight for increased
restrictions on abortion. And some countries do have a very restrictive
system relating to abortion. We want to find out whether the people and the
countries who declare themselves anti-abortion really have an absolute view
or if they admit abortion in some circumstances.
Faced with this reality , we try to discover the meaning of an evasive
attitude towards abortion. We wonder if having an opinion about abortion
that admits exceptions doesnt actually mean that abortion is considered to
be moral in some circumstances, and immoral in other circumstances. In
other words, we think that the morality of abortion is a dynamic concept.
This means that the gap between pro-life and pro-choice activists is not as
big as it has been considered before. Thus, we think that the disputes on the
ideological level should be left apart and that people should try to find
effective solutions to the real-life problems concerning the abortion issue.
Keywords:
abortion, pro-life, pro-choice, morality, legislation.
University Assistant, Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Law, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
of Iai, Email Address: anca_frantz@yahoo.com
46
Feminist Approaches on Abortion. Evolution and

Significance
[Perspective feministe cu privire la avort. Evoluie i
semnificaii]
Ancua Elena FRAN 1
Abstract
As we try to find out which is the most appropriate way to deal with
abortion, it is very important to analyse the feminist perspective on this
issue. That is because feminism has been, since its birth, the extreme
expression of womens rights and needs. And abortion is necessarily linked
to womens status.
The feminist view on abortion has known a developing process. In
the second half of the XIX-th century, feminists tended to reject abortion.
They considered that abortion was a way to deny the specific feminine
feature of motherhood.
Going on through the XX-th century, feminist view on abortion
shifted in a dramatic way, reaching the opposite position. Thus, the feminists
embraced a pro-abortion attitude. The explanation is that, trying to gain
equality with men, women saw motherhood as an important obstacle in their
emancipation. Women with children had to stay home and raise them,
instead of trying to make a professional accomplishment. That is why
abortion was largely sustained.
In the last three decades, there has been another shift in the feminist
views on abortion. Now, it is believed that, trying to be equal to men,
women must freely express their nature, including their biological features.
As motherhood is considered the most important feminine characteristic,
women must be free to have children, if they want this. Thus, the feminists
consider that, in order for women to achieve full accomplishment, they
dont need to change or to deny their nature. Instead, it is the society who
has to change and to offer them the conditions to manifest their
womanhood.
Keywords:
abortion, feminism, motherhood, morality.
University Assistant, Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Law, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University
of Iai, Email Address: anca_frantz@yahoo.com
47
Successions in the Member States of the European Union

[Succesiunile in statele membre ale Uniunii Europene]
Sandra Liliana GATEJEANU1
Abstract
The aim of my paper is to present the legislation of the member
states of the European Union in matters concerning the legal transfer of the
deceaseds estate to his heirs. I consider that this subject is of particular
interest taking into consideration the fact that the free movement is a core
right of the citizens of the European Union and more than 9 million people
are making use of this right. So each year more than 450.000 cross-border
succession procedures are initiated in member states of the European Union
and they have a total value of 12 billion euros. The European citizens should
be aware of the succession rules applicable in cross-border successions and
the European institutions work towards the creation of an area of justice
simplifying the daily life of citizens. It is very difficult for the people that
choose to live in another Member State to know which national law applies
to successions and what stipulates that law. In matters of successions the
citizens should know who inherits and how much if there is no will; if the
surviving partner within a registered or non-registered partnership has any
rights. Some of the problems will be solved by the new Regulation on crossborder successions adopted by the European Parliament and which is
expected to be adopted during the Danish EU Presidency. The proposal
includes rules which prescribe that the entire succession case must be dealt
with by one authority under the law of one country. However, the citizens
living abroad will have the option to decide that the law applicable to their
entire succession will be that of their country of nationality. This is the
reason for which I choose to present in my paper a comparative study of the
national legislations of the 26 member states of the European Union
(without Denmark which opted out in matters concerning justice and home
affairs) in matters related to heirs.
Keyword:
cross-border, succesions,heirs, European Union, deceased
Ph.D. Candidate, extern collaborator of Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, courses:

Romanian Law, History of the State and of Romanian Law, Bucharest, Romania, Email
Address: sandra-liliana.gatejeanu@drept.unibuc.ro, Phone no. 0040723.623.828
48

Biography:
I am a PHD student at the University of Bucharest, Law School. My
research study focuses on Private International Law and my coordinator is
prof. Dragos Alexandru Sitaru. I am a lawyer in the Bucharest Bar since
2009. I also collaborate with the University of Bucharest, Fcaulty of Law at
two courses - Roman Law and History of the Romanian state and law.
49
Europeanization of Romanian Successional Legislation

[Europenizarea Legislaiei Succesorale Romneti]
Ioana GELEI1
Abstract
After Romanias adherence to European Union on 2007 January 1st,
the drawing up and the adoption of a new Romanian civil code were
necessarily imposed. Law no. 287/2009 regarding Civil Code1 was modified
by Law nr.71/2011 for Law no. 287/2009 regarding Civil Code application2.
The European Union states citizens circulation liberty involved number of
european successions with extraneity element rising and Art.954 Alignments
3-4 Romanian Civil Code from 2011 stipulated the monist system of
applicable law to successions regarding unknown last domicile deceased or
last domicile out of Romania deceased, that means the Romanian law. The
Departement of Justice Reasons Exposing to the Law for the Law no.
287/2009 regarding Civil Code application evinces the revalueting of the
experience in civil law of other european states as Italy, France, Holland,
Spain, also the disposals from european law instruments.
The judicial indignity, a newly introduced law institution, in
Romanian Civil Code from 2011, Art.959 from Chapter II The General
Conditions of the Inheritance Right from Title I Disposals Regarding
Inheritance In General from Fourth Book About Inheritance and
Liberalities has been inspired by Art.727 and 727-1 from Section I About the
Qualities Requested to Succeed from Chapter II About the Qualities
Requested to Succeed-About the Successor Quality Evidence from Title I
About Inheritances from III rd Book About the Different Modalities to
Acquire the Property Right from French Civil Code. The proceedings of
authentic will drawing up which are containing some new introduced
disposals in the Romanian Civil Code from 2011, Art.1043-1044 from IInd
Section The Wills Forms from Chapter III the Will from Title III The
Liberalities from Fourth Book About Inheritance and Liberalities has had as
model Art.971-975 from Section I General Rules About the WillsForm
from Chapter V About the Testamentary Disposals from Title II About
Liberalities from IIIrd Book About the Different Modalities to Acquire the
Property Right from French Civil Code.
European Parliament has adopted on 2012 march 13th the
Regulation on Cross border Successions which is stipulating the
Ph.D. Canditate, Law Faculty, University of Bucharest. Member in the Council of
Doctoral School of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest, Public Notary, Faculty of
Law, University of Bucharest, Email Address: notargelei@yahoo.com
1
50

competence , the applicable law, the decisions and authentic acts recognition
and execution in successional matter and the European successional
certificate creation.The applicable law of successions matters is the law of
deceased habitual residence place, but there is also the possibility for the
citizen to choose as applicable law to the succession which will be opened
after his death, his national law, according to the principle of controlled
autonomy.
Art.8 from the European Convention for the Protection of Human
Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, signed in Rome, on November 4 th
1950, which came into effect on September 3rd 1953, ratified by Romania ,
by Law no.30/1994 regarding the ratification of European Convention for
the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its
Additional Protocols3, regarding The Right to Respect for Private and
Family Life is applicable in successional matters , because of full connection
between inheritances, donations and wills, on the one side and family life, on
the other side.According to European Court of Human Rights practice , is
forbidden by the Convention () the discriminating treatment applicable
against same persons children4.
1.published in Romanias Official Gazette no. 511 from 24th July 2009, rectified in Romanias Official Gazette no.
427 from 17th June 2011 and Romanias Official Gazette no. 489 from 8th July 2011, republished in Romanias Official Gazette
no. 505 from 15th July 2011
2. published in Romanias Official Gazette no. 409 from 10th June 2011
3. published in Romanias Official Gazette no. 135 from 31st May 1994
4. Corneliu Brsan- European Convention on Human Rights .Articles Commentary.Edition 2.`C.H.Beck Publishing
House, Bucharest , 2010, pages 670-671
Keywords:
europeanization, successional law, Cross border Successions,
judicial indignity, authentic will, European Civil Code
51
Considerations on the European Certificate of Inheritance

[Consideraii privind certificatul European de motenitor]
Ilioara GENOIU 1 2
Abstract:
The present work aims to analyze the European certificate of
inheritance issue, in the light of the regulation proposal of the European
Parliament and Council of the European Union regarding competence,
applicable law, acknowledgment and enforcement of sentences and
authentic documents in the field of successions, but also the creation of an
European certificate of inheritance, from October 14th 2009.
Moreover, there will be also presented the points of view expressed
on such topic by specialized literature (which is not very comprehensive),
but also by the Council of the Notariats of the European Union (CNUE).
Thus, it will be possible to assess the advantages and disadvantages which
the European certificate of inheritance involves, the appropriateness of its
application, but also the difficulties of applying the regulation providing for
such certificate.
On the same occasion it will be pointed out the way in which the
current Romanian legislation dealing with the field of inheritance certificate
is currently harmonized with the regulation proposal under scrutiny. Under
the circumstances in which article 5 of the Romanian Civil Code provides
that the European Union legislation shall be applied with priority, we
consider that our scientific article is equally actual and useful.
Keywords:
competent court, applicable law, European certificate of inheritance,
national certificate of inheritance, partial certificate of inheritance.
Lecturer Ph.D., Valahia University from Trgovite, Faculty of Law and Social
Political Sciences, Email Address: ilioaragenoiu20@yahoo.fr
2 . This work was supported by CNCSIS-UEFISCSU, project number PN II-RU, code
PD_139/2010, contract number 62/2010.
1
52
Judicial and Extrajudicial Mediation

[Medierea judiciar i extrajudiciar]
Alina-tefania GORGHIU 1
Abstract
In a booming society where conflicts are inevitable, the solving
methods must be governed by flexibility and accessibility. According to
Directive 2008/52/EC of the European Parliament and the Council stated
on 21 May 2008 concerning certain aspects of mediation in civil and
commercial area, it is necessary to introduce a "framework legislation
addressing, in particular, to key aspects of civil procedure.
According to Art 33 of the UN Charter, "the parties to any dispute,
the continuance of which is likely to endanger the maintenance of
international peace and security, shall, first of all, seek a solution by
negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement,
resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their
own choice.
Mediation is a way of solving conflicts amicably through a third party
specialized in mediation, as an alternative to classical state justice. Through
mediation the act of justice is improved by providing a private and
confidential framework in which the parties are not hindered by the burden
of courtrooms formalism, and the result is always satisfactory for both
parties' needs, unlike the trial court, where we find a winning and a losing
party.
Regarding the scope of mediation in Romanian is , according to Art
2 of Law no. 192 of 16 May 2006 on mediation and the profession of
mediator, amended by Law no. 370/2009, to solve any conflicts concerning
rights which the parties may dispose of.
The note of interest reflected in this paper is the twofold aspect of
mediation: the judicial and the extrajudicial form. The demarcation between
the two forms lies in the moment of intervention of mediation, which is
either before the notification of the competent court throughout a suing
action or during the course of a trial.
The importance of studying the phenomenon of mediation derives
from the need of using alternative methods of dispute resolution, as a
priority to ensure the efficiency of the judiciary, suffocated by a very heavy
workload. In this situation, its promotion is more than welcome, in the
context of sociological trends and recent international developments, which
1 Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of Juridical and Administrative Sciences, Christian University
Dimitrie Cantemir, Bucharest, Romania, Phone no. 0040722 587 667, Email Address:
deputat@alinagorghiu.ro
53

shows that the XXIst century is the century of peaceful conflict resolution
far from the courtroom.
Keywords:
mediation, amicable, litigation, Romanian legislation, alternative.
Biography
I graduated from the Faculty of Juridical and Administrative Science
within Dimitrie Cantemir" Christian University where I obtained a Juridical
Science Bachelors Degree. I further pursued a specialization in Juridical and
Administrative Science within Faculty of Law, University of Bucharest. I
have also graduated several advanced studies in different fields of expertise
such as: Criminal Science Criminology, in Business Criminal Law, in
International Relations (Broader Middle East and International System
Stability), in Security and National Defence, and in Communication and
Public Relations. Recently, I have graduated the Public Leaders in Southeast
Europe program, within the Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of
Government. I have participated in over 40 Conferences regarding the legal
science and I have coordinated as author the volume The Mediation
Oxygen for Business published at the Universul Juridic, 2011, Bucharest.
Currently I am a PhD candidate at the Faculty of Law within Alexandru
Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, with a chosen specialization in Criminal Law.
54
The Use of Mediation in Discrimination Cases

[Folosirea medierii n cazurile de discriminare]
Ctlina-Adriana IVNU 1
Abstract
Can mediation serve the goals of equality laws and offer a viable
alternative to litigation? Unlike litigation, mediation may provide a better
opportunity to address the discrimination causes because it encourages open
communication in which parties have an opportunity to learn about each
other and each others respective interests. Mediation offers parties an
opportunity to resolve disputes in a way that avoids many of the
disadvantages associated with litigation, provided it is applied in conjunction
with other efforts that address gender discrimination present in the
organizational structure and culture. Therefore mediation can provide an
effective alternative to litigation of discrimination claims.
Mediation is gaining popularity as a resolution mechanism for
disputes involving discrimination claims in the United States, Canada or
United Kingdom.
Mediation, modern institution in the rule of law, can be a highly
effective method of resolving cases of discrimination, an alternative to
litigation in discrimination.
Keywords:
equality, discrimination, gender, mediation,
Ph.D. Candidate, Academy of Economic

catalinaivanus@gmail.com, Phone No. 0040742007053
Studies,
Email
Address:
55
The Extrajudicial Mediation Conducted by the Romanian

Administrative Independent Authorities
[Medierea extrajudiciar realizat de autoritile administrative
independente din Romnia]
Marina Irina LAZR 1
Abstract
The administrative independent authorities were, since their creation
into the central public administration, partly wired and controversial, partly
efficient institutions, involved into the process of human rights protection in
front of the public administration. Their general appearence is that they are
institutions protected from the political influence and from the pressure of
professional, social and economical actors from the sensitive fields of
activity, which needs a special degree of protection for the rights and the
liberties of the citizens.
A short chronological inventory of these institutions both in the
states with a long tradition and in the states in this field reveals that, almost
everywhere, the creation and quickly after, the accelerate rhythm to
proliferate of the independent administrative authorities, proves the states
insufficiency to solve the new societys exigencies. Obviously, the structures
and the functioning of central administrations was, by all their deficiencies, a
very fertile field for the implementation of these new means to protect the
person in front of exhaustive power of administration.
Theirs powers became more and more diversified, they were created
in different fiels of activity and the legislator from every country seems not
to have a limit regarding the fields and the competences of these authorities.
Most of them have the power to make investigations in their activity field,
they can be consulted by the state institutions, in order to formulate
recommandetion or opinions, they can seize the state institutions abilitated
to solve the irregularities observed into their activity field. Through these
wide range of powers they become an alternative solution to madiation in
front of the judge, less complicated, much cheaper and sometimes, more
efficient. Our studys aim is to establish if these proteiforme structures
really fulfill their mission of mediation, through some practical examples.
Keywords:
independent authorities, mediation, range of powers
1 University Assistant, University of Craiova, Faculty of Law and Adminsitrative Sciences,
Email Address: irina_lazar15@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040740 518 283
56

Biography:
The author is university assistant at Faculty of Law and
Administrative Science, University of Craiova in the field of public law.
During 2008-2011 she beneficiated of PhD fellowship through the
European program POSDRU. The thesis, named The public
administration and the humans rights protection was realized in co-tutelle
with the University of Burgundy (France) and it was publicly sustained in
November 2011 when it was awarded by the French-Romanian jury with the
grade Excellent.
The faculty and master have been completed at the same institution,
while were performed the research stages: the stage Erasmus (September
2005- January 2006) University Jean Moulin Lyon 3, France, and two other
research stages: the research stage to the master (April 2009- June 2009), and
a doctoral research stage (March 2010- September 2010), both at the
Burgundy University.
The author has a total of 34 articles published or being published in
national and international conferences and journals.
57
The New Penal Code - An Expression of European

Criminal Law
[Noul Cod Penal expresie a legislaiei penale europene]
Mihai Iulian NECULA1
Magdalena Roxana NECULA2
Abstract:
The need for European cooperation in criminal matters determined
the harmonization of the Romanian penal law with the EU's, especially by
the elaboration of a new Penal Code. The ECHR sentences against Romania
in penal matters have determined the inclusion of some new dispositions.
This paper aims to analyze some institutions of the new Penal Code,
adopted by the Romanian law-making process, that include some rules taken
from the European legislation.
Also we will be expressing some critical considerations on the
opportunity of taking up rules from the legislations of other European
states.
Keywords:
Romanian Penal Code, European Penal Legislation, protected values
1 Ph.D., University "Al.I. Cuza", Faculty of Law, Email Address: mi.necula@gmail.com,

Iasi, Str. Costache Negri, No. 4, Bl. D2, Sc. D, 1st Floor, Apartment 4, Jud. Iasi, Romania
2 Postdoctoral Research Project: POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879, titled "Postdoctoral studies in
the ethics of health policy" in the Department of postdoctoral studies and research at the
University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr T. Popa", Doctor of Sociology (University" Al. I.
Cuza "Iasi), e-mail: necularoxy@gmail.com, Iasi, Str. Costache Negri, No. 4, Bl. D2, Sc. D,
1st Floor, Apartment 4, Jud. Iasi,Romania
58
Reflections on the Institution Extradition

[Reflecii asupra instituiei extrdrii]
Olivian MASTACAN 1
Abstract
Among the means of international judicial cooperation in criminal
matters and extradition is found, the institution of criminal law and criminal
procedural law. Extradition is governed by Art. 19 of the Constitution, as
revised, art. 9 Penal Code., And the provisions of Title II of Law. 302/2004
on judicial cooperation in criminal matters, as amended. In accordance with
art. 9 Penal Code., Extradition may be granted mainly under international
conventions concluded by Romania, on a reciprocal basis and in their
absence, under the law.
Keywords:
crime, criminal, punishment, jurisdiction
1 Lecturer Ph.D., Valahia University from Trgovite, Faculty of Law and Social-Political
Sciences, Email Address: olivianmastacan@yahoo.com
59
The Regime of Vices in the Contract of Sale

[Regimul viciilor n contractul de vnzare]
Livia MOCANU1
Abstract
The contract of sale has an important position in the Romanian civil
law, position designated by the legislator in its regulation in Title IX, Chapter
I, of the new Civil Code.
The current regulation bears the signature of the contemporary
society evolutions and reflects the national legislators interest to elaborate a
modern regulation and one in harmony with the efforts existing in the
European Union to create an instrument of European law for contracts.
For our analysis, we selected the issue of vices in the contract for
sale, considering the fact that the purchase of more and more sophisticated
goods increased significantly and this imposed new legislative standards.
The new Civil Code includes important changes for the vices regime
of the contract of sale, and on this background our study refers to: the
regime of apparent vices, the conditions of liability for hidden vices, the
termination and penalty for hidden vices, the warranty for lack of agreed
qualities, and the operational warranty.
Keywords:
apparent vices, hidden vices, warranty for lack of agreed qualities,
operational warranty.
Univ. Lect. PhD., Valahia University of Targoviste, Faculty of Juridical, Social and
Political Sciences,
60
Considerations Regarding the Importance of Professional

Appraisal of Employees
[Consideraii privind importana evalurii profesionale a
salariailor]
Rducan OPREA 1
Ramona Mihaela OPREA2
Abstract
Establishing individual performance objectives, as well as criteria for
appraisal of fulfillment of such objectives constitute new concepts, which
have not been regulated prior to the amendment of the Labor Law by means
of Law no. 40/2011.
Accordingly art. 69 of the Labor Code was completed with a new
paragraph [(3)], stipulating that the criteria which have been considered
when establishing the order of priority at collective dismissal are
appplicable in order to classify the employees after the appraisal of
fulfillment of the performance objectives, as well as art. 242, to which a
new letter was added [i], according to which, amongst the minimal
dispositions which the employers are required to include under the Internal
regulation are the criteria and the procedures for the professional appraisal
of employees.
Art. 17 paragraph 3 letter e) relates to them when it stipulates them
amongst the elements of content of the obligation of information.
The employer is entitled to proceed whenever he wants during the
execution of the individual labor contract to the appraisal of employees and
the negotiation and the renegotiation of their salaries must be based on its
results.
Keywords:
individual performance, objectives of performance, collective
dismissal, salary negotiation, internal regulation.
Ph.D Professor, Faculty of Judicial, Social and Political Sciences, Dunrea de Jos
University of Galati, Romania, E-mail: raducan.oprea@ugal.ro
2 Ph.D Student Prep., Faculty of Judicial, Social and Political Sciences, Dunrea de Jos
University of Galati, Romania, E-mail: ramona.m_oprea@yahoo.es
1
61

Biography Raducan Oprea
Born in Galati, on 21th June, 1954, married, two children. He
graduated Alexandru Ioan Cuza Police Academy Bucharest Faculty of
Police, Legal Sciences domain, Law specialization in 1994. Doctor of Law in
2000 Bucharest University, Law Faculty.
Since 1999 till present, he is professor at Dunarea de Jos
University of Galati Faculty of Legal, Social and Political Sciences, Legal
Sciences Department ( PhD professor from 2009).
Since 1995 till present he is director at the Trade Register Office of
Galati Court.
Since 2002 he is member in the College of the Chamber of
Commerce, Industry and Agriculture Galati
Mediator, lawer at Galati Bar Association ( the list of the
incompatible lawers), Judicial liquidator UNPRL.
Biography Ramona Mihaela OPREA
Born in Galati, on 2nd December, 1985. He graduated Spiru
Haret University Bucharest Faculty of Law, Law specialization and
Faculty of International Relations and European Studies at Spiru Haret
University, Bucharest in 2008. Since 2010 she attends PhD courses in Law
specialization at Alexandru Ioan Cuza Police Academy, Bucharest.
Since 2009 till present, she is assistant professor at Dunarea de
Jos University of Galati Faculty of Legal, Social and Political Sciences,
Legal Sciences Department . Since 2010 she is authorized mediator.
Since April 2012 she is associate lawer at Bostina& Associates.
Mediator, lawer at Vrancea Bar Association.
62
Some Consideration on the Regulation of the Preventive

Arrest in the New Criminal Procedure Code
[Consideraii privind reglementarea arestrii preventive n noul
cod de procedur penal]
Mihaela Laura PAMFIL 1
Abstract
The new Criminal Procedure Code proposes a new regulation for
preventive measures that can be taken during the criminal proceddings: it
was governed a new preventive measure - home arrest -, the interdiction of
leaving the country or the town is not longer regulated, the content of other
measures has changed, such as the judiciary control and the bail. The
preventive arrest suffered some changes so as to ensure compliance with
both the right of defence and the principle of guaranteeing individual
freedom and the pursuit of criminal process in good condition.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the provisions of the new Code
regarding the preventive arrest compared with the current regulation of the
arrest in order to identify the existing inadvertences which may cause
problems in the legal practice such as controversies and contradictory
solutions.
Keywords:
preventive arrest, house arrest, new Criminal Procedure Code,
novelty elements,
Associate Prof. Ph.D., Law Faculty, Petre Andrei University from Iasi, Prosecutor to
Prosecutor's Office Court Deta, Email Address: michaela_laura@yahoo.com, Phone no.
0040745.269.384
63
Considerations on the importance of the Framework

Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Roxana Alina PETRARU 1
Abstract
The Framework Convention for the Protection of National
Minorities was adopted by Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe
on 10 November 1994. It was opened for signature on 1 February 1995 and
entered into force 1 February 1998. The Convention is the outcome of a
decision taken at the 1993 Vienna Summit of Heads of States and
Governments.The Framework Convention for the Protection of National
Minorities is the first multilateral instrument developed to address the
situation of minorities in general that is legally binding. It uses programmetype provisions. States are given a measure of discretion in deciding how to
implement the Conventions objectives at home based on the specific
circumstances in their countries. This happens because minority situations
differ greatly from country to country and consequently require different
approaches.
Implementation of the FCNM is monitored by the Committee of
Ministers with the assistance of the Advisory Committee. The Advisory
Committee is made up of 18 experts from states that have ratified the
FCNM. The conclusions and recommendations of the Committee of
Ministers are not legally binding and there is no sanctioning system. NGOs
can encourage changes in domestic legislation and practice in accordance
with the principles set forth in the Convention. NGOs and minority
communities to be directly involved in the preparation of the State report.
These organizations can send information at any time to the Secretariat of
the Framework Convention at the Council of Europe.
In this article we will emphasise the importance of the Framework
Convention for the Protection of National Minorities which can be regarded
as the most recent and comprehensive of international standards on national
minorities.
Keywords
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities,
Council of Europe, Advisory Committee, national minorities
Lecturer Ph.D.,
rrroxana@yahoo.com
Petre
Andrei
University
from
Iasi,
Email
Address:
64
Fiscal Statement. Legal Regime

[Declaraia fiscal. Regim juridic]
Rada POSTOLACHE 1
Abstract
As legal act, fiscal statement is unitary regulated by the provision of
the Fiscal Procedure Code, while applicative circumstances have nonetheless
as special legal regime the provisions of substantial normative acts instituting
taxes, contributions and the regulations containing the corresponding forms.
The fiscal Procedure Code consecrates fiscal statement as the main
instrument of establishing a fiscal obligation, by assigning it to the taxation
decision, on the condition that there is an ulterior check or a decision
establishing the taxation basis, as the case may be, and by conferring to it the
legal effects of debt titles, placing it immediately after the taxation decision.
Keywords:
fiscal statement, taxation decision, taxation basis, debt title
1 Lecturer Ph.D., Valahia University of Trgovite, Faculty of Law and Social-Political

Sciences, Email Address: radapostolache@yahoo.com, Phone no 0040724538090
65
General Aspects Regarding the Misbehavior - The Only

Ground of Disciplinary Liability
[Aspecte generale privind abaterea disciplinar - Singurul temei
al rspunderii disciplinare]
Andra PURAN1
Amelia SINGH 2
Abstract
The only ground of disciplinary liability is the misbehaviour. If, while
for the two of the other ways of liability- penal and contraventional- the
Labour Code lists the actions that are crimes and contraventions, regarding
the disciplinary liability, the Code doesnt contain such determinations but
only a definition of the unique ground of this form of liability.
Thus, art. 247 Paragraph 2 states that "disciplinary misbehaviour is
an action in relation to work and consists of a guilty act or omission
committed by the employee by which he violated legal norms, internal rules,
the individual employment contract or the applicable collective employment
contract, orders and legal dispositions of the hierarchical leaders. "
Considering that committing the misbehavior is the mandatory and
sufficient condition for disciplinary liability it must be cumulatively fulfilled
its constituent elements: the object, the objective side, the subject and the
subjective side.
Keywords:
disciplinary liability, misbehavior, work relations
Biography
She was born on July 11, 1984 in Pitesti, Romania. She graduated the
Faculty of Legal and Administrative Sciences, University of Pitesti (2007)
and the Faculty of Administration and International Exchanges, University
Paris XII, Paris, France (2006). She completed a Masters in Conflict
Mediation in Law and one in Forensic. From 2008 to 2011 was assistant in
the Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Pitesti, and is currently
a Ph.D. candidate in law at the University Titu Maiorescu Doctoral School
in Bucharest. Also, exercise the legal advisor and expert on long-term
advertising. In terms of scientific research, is coauthor of four university
courses and author / coauthor of several legal specialty articles.
Ph.D. Candidate, Titu Maiorescu University, Buchurest,
Ph.D. Candidate, University Assistant, University of Pitesti, Email Address:
singh.amelia@yahoo.com
1
2
66
Entreprises and Civil Societies Under the New Civil Code.

Similarities and Differences
[ntreprinderile i societile civile conform Noului Cod Civil.
Asemnri i deosebiri]
Amelia-Veronica SINGH 1
Abstract
As a result of some major legislative changes the abrogation of the
Commercial Code, the adoption of the New Civil Code, the amending of the
Company Law and other basic laws - some notions have been replaced,
while others have been taken over.
As far as companies are concerned, the New Civil Code has taken
over the key elements of the society contract from former regulations, but
its new provisions also include elements of commercial law. The notion of
trader disappears and is replaced by the concept of professional, while
the notion of companyis also eliminated and substituted with enterprise;
the trade actions are replaced by production activities, trading or
service. Although article 3 paragraph 2 of the New Civil Code refers to the
concept of enterprise, the notion of society does not disappear
completely, being found in article 1888 of the New Civil Code the
corporate forms.
The simple society is regulated exclusively by the New Civil Code,
assimilating both registered companies and companies subjected to
registration, but not registered yet.
Keywords:
simple society, entreprise, professional
Ph.D., University Assistant, University of Pitesti, Faculty of Law and Administration

singh.amelia@yahoo.com
67
Some Considerations Regarding the Posting of the

Romanian Workers to E.U. and Non-E.U. Countries
[Unele consideraii privind detaarea lucrtorilor romni n rile
U.E. i non-U.E.]
Ana TEFNESCU 1
Eduard NICOLAU2
Abstract
Law no. 344 / 2006 regarding the posting of employees on the
occasion of the provision of transnational services, which transposes
Directive no. 96 /71/EC, expressly stipulates through its content that it
regards only the posting from E.U./E.E.S. into Romania, which could lead
to the conclusion that for the matter of the posting of the workers from
Romania to E.U./ E.E.S. the domestic regulations from the Labor Code
would be applicable.
Nevertheless, as a result of the adherence of Romania to the E.U.
the Community dispositions have priority over the contrary ones stipulated
under the domestic laws.
Contrary it is the view related to posting in the case of posting
which is transnational, usually, the worker remains under the authority of
his/her employer, for whose benefits the worker continues to perform
his/her activity. Hence transnational posting is similar from the point of
view of its content to delegation, the way it is regulated under the Romanian
legislation.
It is obvious that in what posting of the Romanian workers to the
non-E.U. countries is concerned the domestic regulations under the Labor
Code are applicable, provided that under the legislation of the non-E.U.
country of destination a similar legal instrument allowing the posted
Romanian to enter the labor force market by means of transfer-cession of
the existent individual labor contract.
Hereinafter we propose to approach such aspects, on which we will
express some considerations that we hope will support both the
theoreticians and practitioners.
Ph.D. in Law, Lecturer at Dunrea de Jos University Galai, Faculty of Legal, Social and
Political Science, Email Address: ana@anacioriciu.ro
2 Labor inspector within Labor Inspectorate European Structural Funds legal adviser within
(U.N.O). Email Address: edinicolautr@yahoo.com
1
68

Keywords:
posting, E.U., Non-E.U., domestic law, community law, primary
dispositions.
Biography:
Ana TEFNESCU
Born in Tulcea on May 31st, 1976, married, mother of one girl.
Graduated in 1999 of the Faculty of Economical and Administrative
Sciences, Public Administration Specialization (Dunarea de Jos University,
Galati) and in 2007 graduated of the Law Faculty and of the Master degree
Romanian and European Social Law (Ecologica University, Bucharest).
She also graduated the National Administration Institute and the National
School of Political and Administrative Studies, Bucharest (2003-2004). She
gains the title of Ph. D. in Law in October 27th, 2010 (paper named Work at
home domestic and comparative law, under the scientific coordination of
Univ. Ph. D. Mr. Alexandru Ticlea). Starting from October 1st, 2011 she
becomes lecturer Univ. Ph. D. (tenured) within Dunarea de Jos University,
Galati, Legal, Social and Political Sciences Faculty, Public Administration
and Regional Department
Eduard Nicolau
Born on June 6th, 1975 in Bucharest, married, father of one child.
Graduated in 1997 of Law Faculty and in 2009 of the Master Labor and
Industrial Relationships Bucharest University. He has been for more than
12 years Labor Inspector within the Bucharest Territorial Labor
Inspectorate; presently he is European Structural Funds legal adviser within
the United Nations Development Programme (U.N.O). He has participated
as lecturer in programs for continuous professional training of the staff from
the Labor Inspectorate. He represented Romania as expert in the 99th
conference of O.I.M, he has participated in the commissions for the drafting
of the normative acts concerning the labor performed by foreigners in
Romania, apprenticeship at the job and he is also National expert regarding
the detachment of employees when performing trans-national services.
69
The Restorative and the Retributive Systems: Combining

Measures
[Sistemul restaurativ i cel retributiv: combinarea msurilor]
Bianca-Liliana TNSESCU 1
Abstract
The hypothesis developed is that combining restorative and
retributive measures leads to an improved justice system and a better
accomplishment of the purpose of criminal law by restoring the negative
social effects of crime and by reducing repeat offending. The present
research investigates the viability of combining retributive action with
restorative measures in the crime fighting process. The paper aims to
indentify the best means to fight crime and to minimize its negative
consequences. The study analyzes, using the comparison method, the main
characteristics of both restorative and retributive systems in trying to
establish if a compatibility of actions can be reached. The documented
research is based on official papers, reports, studies, international and
romanian criminal law literature.
This approach revealed important differences between the two
systems. The retributive system requires a relationship of authority, a rigid
trial with restrictive results in witch the offender and the victim are half
passive subjects. The restorative system offers a flexible alternative focusing
on conflict mediation, reducing the negative consequences of crime and
preventing repeat offending by using persuasion methods unlike retributive
justice that focuses on punishment. The present legislation contains criminal
norms that encourage restorative measures such as punishment
individualization, community service and penal mediation in some offences.
In conclusion the two systems are rather complementary than antagonistic.
Both have their limitations, not being able to fully accomplish the repressive
purpose as well the preventive purpose of criminal law. The two sets of
measures can be combined to increase effectiveness of criminal justice and
reduce repeat offending, but this requires creating the necessary legislative
and institutional framework.
Keywords:
restorative, retributive, criminal law, repeat offending
BA of Faculty of Law and Administrative Sciences, Ovidius University, Constanta,

Romania, Email Address: tanasescu_bianca@yahoo.com
1
70

Biography
My name is Tanasescu Bianca-Liliana and I am a Legal Adviser in
the field of public services. I am a graduate of The Faculty of Law,
Ovidius University Constanta, Romania.
My main goal is to, one day, teach law, to young, energetic students,
just like I was, a few years back. Education has been one of my top
concerns, because I believe that the only way a society can develope in a
positive manner is through education and mentality change. In my paper
The retributive and restorative systems: combining measures I approached
the subject of fighting crime through alternative methods because I think
that behavioral deviation is an ancient problem, that has to be fought using
innovation and educational tools that can hopefully lead to a mentality
change amongst the individuals with deviant tendencies.
71
Considerations on the Need to Regulate Legal

Aggressiveness in Social Sphere
Elena TUDURACHI 1
Beatrice ABALAEI 2
Abstract
The study aims to identify the differences between subjects in
terms of their level of aggression, is useful in drafting a investigativ
legislative framework adapted of the needs or social reality.
An intensely disputed domain in terms of aggressiveness is aimed
at domestic violence, population of Romania being the most tolerant to
violence in the family in all its forms, compared with the average for the
European Union. In the social life there is an increase of agresivitatii. This
problem of agressivity - be it collective or individual actions redressed the highest standard of modernity. At the global level there are socialsociopsihobiologie studies that estimated that century in which we live is
saturated in the frustrations and aggression.
Law No. 25 of March 9, 2012 on the modification and completion
of the law nr. 217/2003 on preventing and combating violence in the
family, published in Monitorul Oficial nr. 165 of 13 March 2001,
promulgated by Decree No. 273/2012 shall come into force in may 2012,
so that any victim of the aggression in the family will be able to call on
new instruments for fighting domestic and npotriva aggressors
restraining order and order to prioritise.
In the hypothesis in which means of prevention fail and abuse
victims are already in domestic violence spiral, they spawn means to
fight the violence, which they bring by way of absolute novelty in the
family violence act. It remains the jurisprudence that will write starting
from May 2012 to demonstrate effective specific restraining order and
order to prioritise, and all measures in order to combat the rising of the
unfortunate effects of a growing phenomenon.
The study of the social actors identified aggressiveness which
compartment underlined deficiencies at the legislative level that can be
Ph.D., Faculty of Law , Petre Andrei University from Iai, Romania, Email Address:
elena.tudurachi@gmail.com
2 Ph.D., Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iai,
Romania, Email Address: beatrice.abalasei@uaic.ro
1
72

corrected through the improvement of existing legal mechanisms or
through the creation of others means adapted to Romanian cultural space.
Keywords:
law, agressivity, domestic violence, sport violence, theories of
agressivity.
Biography:
Employment: Petre Andrei from Iasi University, Faculty of Law,
Iai, Romania.
PhD in law.
Research interest: theory of penal mediation, school mediation.
E-mail: elena.tudurachi@gmail.com
Employment: Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Sports
and Physical Education, Iai, Romania.
Degree: PhD in social psychology.
Research interest: competitive sport, conflict mediation, social
psychology.
73
The Role of the European Parliament According to the

Lisabon Treaty
[Rolul Parlamentului European din perspectiva Tratatului de la
Lisabona]
Crina Mihaela VERGA1
Abstract
This paper outlines the role of the European Parliament, both
through the attributions granted to it in the treaties as well as through the
collaboration with other institutions or organisms of the Union.
The attributions discussed upon in the paper are: the control and
supervision on communitarian actions and on the institutions of the
European Union, legislative attributions, budgetary attributions, the right to
examine petitions, the appointment and control of the activity of the
European Mediator, attributions in the field of foreign policy and common
security and in the field of police and legal cooperation in criminal matters,
the modification of treaties by means of an ordinary revision procedure or
by means of a simplified revision procedure.
The collaboration with other institutions is carried out through a
series of procedures such as: the adoption of the communitarian budget, the
ordinary legislative procedure and the favorable assent. The paper also
analyzes the European citizens possibilities to contact the European
Parliament: access to documents, information offices, organized visits,
petitions, the Citizens mailing service. At last, but not least, the paper refers
to the relationships between the European Parliament and national
parliaments, regulated by the Lisbon Treaty enforced as of December 1st,
2009.
Keywords:
European Parliament, attributes, collaboration, National Parliaments,
Lisabon Treaty
Lecturer Ph.D. Candidate, Mihail Koglniceanu University from Iai, Romnia, Email
Address: crina_verga2000@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040740292978
74
Section: Economical and Administrative

Sciences
[Seciunea: tiine Economice i
Administrative]


Republic of Moldova's Foreign Trade: Quality

Specialization
[Comerul exterior al Republicii Moldova: calitatea specializrii]
Ileana ANASTASE (BDULESCU) 1
Abstract
The last decade, external trade of Republic of Moldova, especially
exports have showed very poor performances. Unlike imports, Moldavian
exports grow very slow, and this is determined in the main by a reduction of
industrial production. This paper examines the pattern of Moldavian
international trade specialization and to what extent has it managed to
change during the transition process to market economy. Agricultural sector
and food processing industry still dominate the categories of products for
which Moldova exhibits the largest degree of trade specialization. By
contrast, high-technology sectors are prevalent among the categories for
which our country is import-dependent.
The originality of the research confirms existing concerns about the
quality of Moldavian exports specialization, their low performance and
especially the non-competitive structure of product groups. Main trends were
identified for Moldavian foreign trade during the transition period along with
its degree of specialization. Research methodology was based on 1995-2010
statistical series on the evolution and structure of foreign trade imports and
exports (NBS and UNCTAD data), as well as on Lafay index used to determine
the specialization.
Keywords:
imports, exports, foreign direct investments, trade specialization,
Lafay index, manufacturing.
Lecturer Ph.D., Tomis University, Constanta, Email Address: Email Address:

mimiana2005@yahoo.com
77
Money laundering in insurance industry

Mariana BLAN1
Carmen Marilena UZLU2
Corina Maria ENE3
Camelia POPA4
Abstract
The paper presents money laundering through the financial sector
and insurance respectively. The insurance industry, along with the banking
and securities sectors, is one of the core industries through which persons
and entities can access the financial system. This access provides
opportunities for criminals to misuse the financial system to engage in
money laundering and terrorist financing. The development of financial
markets has determined the evolution of methods and schemes of money
laundering and financing of terrorism in various sectors of the financial
system, including insurance and reinsurance industry. The issues in the work
refers to the vulnerabilities within the insurance sector, as money laundering
and terorism financing. Although the primary route for the laundering of
criminal funds remains the banking system the development of increasingly
sophisticated control mechanisms mean that criminals are seeking alternative
means of laundering criminal funds. As a consequence of this the insurance
sector, together with other non-banking financial products, are increasingly
being utilised by criminals. The low level of reporting the Suspicious
Transactions is due to the general lack of awareness of vulnerability within
the insurance sector. By the above ideas the legal framework in some EU
countries deserves more attention to pay because of the continuous changes
in order to adapt to the ongoing challenges.
Keywords:
money laundering, financial system, insurance industry
Ph.D., Institute for Economic Forecasting-INCE, Romanian Academy, Athenaeum

University-Bucharest, Email Address: dr.mariana.balan@gmail.com
2 Ph.D., Institute for Economic Forecasting-INCE,
Romanian Academy, Hyperion
University-Bucharest, Email Address: carmen_uzlau@yahoo.com
3 Ph.D., Hyperion University-Bucharest, Email Address: corina.maria.ene@gmail.com
4 Ph.D. Candidate, Academy of Economic Sciences from Bucharest
1
78
The Current Economic Crisis: Measures and Solutions

[Criza economic actual: Msuri i soluii]
Liana-Antonela BONTA 1
Abstract
The main objective of the present research project is the current
economic crisis, its effects and consequences. A key problem preoccupying
developing countries today is the global economic crisis and how they can
address it. The epicenter of the crisis is in the developed countries, especially
the USA. But the developing countries that have no role in causing the crisis
have suffered the most severe collateral damage. I will try to present the
similarities with other periods of recession that we have crossed-over time. I
will present a few measures to remedy this situation, both long-term and
short-term, referring of course to Romania an EU as well.
Keywords:
economic crisis, measures, solutions, Great Depression;
Biography
Ph.D. student at Faculty of Economics and Business Administration
/Department of Political Economy, "Babes-Bolyai" University, ClujNapoca
Relationship Manager Retail at Alpha Bank Romania, Cluj Regional
Branch
Interest area: economic crises over time, the current economic crisis
and mechanisms of the economic crisis
Articles to be published: Crisis and collapses in world economy
Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Economics and Business Management/Department of

Political Economy, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Email Address:
tonyaliana@yahoo.com, Phone no 0040766373839
79
Business Ethics and Game Theory

[Etica afacerilor i teoria jocurilor]
Dan CRCIUN 1
Abstract
At first glance, game theory could support with rational, ideologically
neutral arguments, the logic necessity of acting ethically in business.
Apparently, this is what we learn from the Prisoners Dilemma, the Peasants
Dilemma, or Tit for Tat. All of these strategic games suggest that the
winning business strategies combine the competitive aggressiveness and the
openness for cooperation with the other players of the economic game.
Consequently, it is only rational to adopt an ethical behaviour in business
activities, respecting the legitimate rights and interests of different categories
of stakeholders. Nevertheless, this view is arguable, since game theory
ultimately suggests that the best strategy in business is the cooperation of the
competitors. Such unfortunate kind of cooperation is detrimental to the
legitimate interests of employees, customers, suppliers, etc. On the other
hand, except utilitarianism, the rest of the major ethical theories deny the
moral character of those actions that are motivated by self-interest. This
study concludes that game theory cannot offer a solid ground for business
ethics.
Keywords
competition, cooperation, game theory, profit maximization, selfinterest, social needs
Biography:
About the author
Prof. univ. dr. Dan Crciun teaches, from 2001 to present, at the
Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest Business Ethics in Romanian and
English, at undergraduate level and master degree. He also teaches Social
Psychology, applied to marketing and advertising, and Organizational Psychology.
He was one of the experts who cooperated to accomplish the international
research project, PHARE funded, Technical Assistance for Preparing a
Strategy and an Action Plan to Reabilitate the Historically Polluted Sites. As
an expert consultant he cooperated with several multinational corporations
Professor Ph.D., Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, Email Address:
drcraciun@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040723 541452
80

doing business in Romania on topics regarding business ethics. Prof. D.
Crciun has been awarded two research scholarships in the UK, at
Newnham College, Cambridge (2001) and New College, Oxford (2002).
Beside a number of scientific papers on business ethics and social
psychology, prof. D. Crciun published in the last decade the following
books: Business and Morality, Ed. A.S.E., Bucureti, 2003; Etica n afaceri, Ed.
A.S.E., Bucureti, 2005; Psihologie social, Ed. A.S.E., Bucureti, 2005;
Persuasiune i manipulare, Ed. Paideia, Bucureti, 2008; Business Etics: Basic
Concepts and Principles. Theory and Cases, Ed. A.S.E., Bucureti, 2012.
81
Fiscal Policy Instruments to Boost Innnovation

[Instrumente de politic fiscal pentru impulsionarea inovrii]
Mihaela DIACONU 1
Abstract
This paper has three main objectives. First of all, we review the
theoretical arguments for the fiscal policies involvement in the innovation
sphere through a brief review of the economic theories focused on the
interrelation between research, development and economic growth, identify
the forms of market failure in allocating of resources that determine underinvestment in innovation activities and highlight the size of market failure
estimated in the literature. Second, we analyze the types of instruments used
by the fiscal policy to spur innovation, focusing primarily on the describing
and comparing of various fiscal mechanisms designed to stimulate
innovation in the European Union space. Third, we analyze various design
issues of the fiscal policy instruments in supporting R&D activities in
Romania and discuss on the potential effects of the proposals we make to
their implementation.
Keywords:
invention, innovation, research and developemnt, fiscal policy.
Lecturer Ph.D., Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, Iasi, and Petre Andrei
University from Iasi, Email Address: mhl_dcn@yahoo.fr
82
The Impact of Taxation on Taxpayers Behavior

[Impactul fiscalitii asupra comportamentului contribuabilului]
Maria-Mihaela DINC 1
Abstract
Each country corresponds to a tax system with a well defined
structure and objectives, and the existence of taxpayers who do not meet
obligations may result in undermining the system, but also create unequal
conditions between those who pay taxes and those who correctly evade
payment.
Tax effects are numerous and highly complex and spreads in
particular, as taxes are direct or indirect, on all categories of taxpayers. They
concern, on the one hand, financial results and cash flows of businesses and
on the other hand, the revenue and expenses.
Keywords:
tax, tax system, civic tax, taxation effects
Biography:
Date of Birth: 07/09/1981, Drobeta Turnu Severin, Mehedinti
2000 - Graduated Economic College Theodor Costescu, Drobeta
Turnu Severin
2004 - Graduated Faculty of Economics, West University of
Timisoara, Specialization - Management Company
2005 - Employed as a teacher of economic subjects Technical
College Timisoara
2006 - Graduate studies, master, Faculty of Economics,
Specialization Business Financial Management
2009 - PhD registration Accounting Faculty of Economics, West
University of Timisoara
2010 - Acquiring the status of chartered accountant, CECCAR Timis
member
Ph.D. Candidate in accountancy field, West University from Timisoara, Faculty of

Economy and Business Adminsitration, Timisoara, Romania, Email Address:
mihaela.dinca@gmail.com, Phone no. 0040762347333
83

Section: Political Sciences and European

Studies
[Seciunea: tiine Politice i Studii Europene]


EUs Asylum Policy Towards non-EU Nationals Between

Theory and Practice: 2011 Refugee Crisis and its Effects
on the European Internal Policies
Ioana Raluca BALA 1
Abstract
The refugee and asylum seekers are a reality the European Union
member states cannot practically ignore. The unrest in Middle East and
North Africa generated a population movement heading towards Europe.
The geographical proximity and the facilitation of traveling made some
countries, such as Greece, Italy and Malta targets of these people in need
security. Although in almost all the documents issued the EU officials
manifest preoccupation for the asylum policy and immigration process, both
legal and illegal, EU member states face a dilemma between their obligations
under Geneva Convention relating to the status of refugees and
humanitarianism to grant asylum and protection to the victims of the Arab
Spring and the internal pressures and challenges that rise from accepting
refugees and granting them the rights that states committed themselves to.
This paper aims to contribute to the specialized literature regarding
the practices of the EU states concerning the refugees and asylum seekers in
Europe. The main assumptions are that EUs discourse regarding the asylum
practices conflicts with the reality of actions taken by the EU in the last ten
years. The second assumption is that the high influx of asylum-seekers and
refugees has an impact on EUs internal balance and solidarity. I will start
by presenting the Lampedusa case as presented by international media and
NGOs, then I will continue with the theoretical grounds of the outside EU
migration, refugees and asylum- seeking practices and followed by the
review of the EU legislation on asylum and immigration applied to
Lampedusa case and so-called Lampedusa refugee crisis. In the end, I will try
to see if a practical common immigration and asylum policy in the EU is
both viable and desirable.
The study will be based on a qualitative analysis of the quantitative
data and the qualitative study of the documents. It will be a deductive
analysis that will follow the scholarly opinions and newspapers articles
related to the subject, continuing with the treaties and legal documents, as
primary sources. The data will be collected trough the qualitative study of
the documents emitted by EU-member states, EU, NGOs, press releases
and media articles.
Master in International Affairs 2011-2013, Geneva Graduate Institute of International and
Development Studies, Switzerland, Email Address: Balas.raluca@yahoo.com,
ioana.balas@graduateinstitute.ch, Phone no.0041 789 177 223
87

Keywords:
EU asylum policies, Dublin II principles, Lisbon Treaty, EU
discourse vs. practical policies, non-EU nationals, Lampedusa refugee
crisis.
Biography
Ioana Raluca Balas is currently pursuing a Master in International
Affairs from Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development
Studies. Previously, she studied Security at Babes-Bolyai University, ClujNapoca, Romania.
Her research interest is focused mainly on European Politics, public
policy, minorities and international migration. She previously did research
on the EUs policies regarding free movement of persons towards new EU
members (Romania and Bulgaria) and migrations effects on public policies,
electoral discourse and inter-state relations. At the moment, she is interning
at the Programme for Studying Global Migration at Geneva Graduate Institute,
for Global Detention Project.
88
Restructuring the International System in the Late

Twentieth Century and Its Consequences on Ethnic
Identities and Borders: Case Study: South-Eastern Europe
[Restructurarea sistemului internaional la sfritul secolului al
XX-lea i consecinele sale asupra identitilor i frontierelor
etnice: studiu de caz: Europa de Sud-Est]
Iulia BNDAR1
Abstract
The end of the Cold War and the collapse of communism led to a
profound restructuring of the international system at the end of the
twentieth century. The reconfiguration of international relations also meant
reshaping the balance of power, borders and the rules that governed the
system, the emergence of new actors on the international stage and a deep
identity crisis. Thus, in this context of political, social and economic changes,
human communities have experienced a profound identity crisis, reviewing
their defining characteristics, values, priorities and interests, looking for or
restating their own identities. The restructure of the international system and
the identity crisis generated by it have led to the revival of ethnicity at the
end of the twentieth century. The radicalization of ethnicity by certain
segments of the population and the exploitation and politicization of ethnic
feelings in order to satisfy their own interests turned ethnicity into a real
mobilizing force. Ethnicity revival and restructuring of identities in the late
twentieth century led to the crystallization of two types of ethnic borders in
Central and South-Eastern Europe: type bridges in open developed
societies, where ethnic differences are respected and the diversity of
identities is appreciated and type doors in closed transitional societies,
where radicalization of ethnic differences, ethnic hatred and rivalry cause
tension and conflict between groups.
We intend to analyze in this paper the consequences of restructuring
the international system on identities and the main factors that contributed
to the revival of ethnicity in South-Eastern Europe at the end of the
twentieth century.
The method of the paper is necessarily interdisciplinary, combining
techniques of political sciences, history, sociology of international relations
and other socio-human sciences. We appeal to case study as a qualitative
method to investigate our assumptions made in the paper. Comparison is
Ph.D. Candidate, Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of History and
Philosophy, Email Address: ibindar@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040755825424
89

another research method used in order to emphasize the characteristics of
the international system before and after its restructuring at the end of the
twentieth century and the role of ethnicity on the formation of ethnic
identities and borders in developed and less developed countries in Central
and South-Eastern Europe. The complexity of international events makes it
impossible to play fair to reality, reason why we assign a reductive
methodological character to our study, which requires a minimum selection
of relevant information for research.
Keywords:
international system, ethnicity revival, identities, borders
Biography
PhD Candidate in International Relations and European Studies at
"Babe-Bolyai" University, Faculty of History and Philosophy.
Areas of expertise: contemporary history, international relations,
European studies, ethnicity.
Articles:
- Tratatul de la Lisabona i valorile Uniunii Europe;
- Guvernana Uniunii Europene i minoritile naionale (EU
Governance and the
National Minorities ;
- Uniunea European i managementul conflictelor etnice (EU and
Ethnic Conflict Management) .
- Research internships:
- "Pzmny Peter" Catholic University, Piliscsaba, Hungary;
- The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest Centre for
Humanities, Institute of History.
-
90
Petre P. Carp. A perspectivist portrait

[Petre P. Carp. Un portret perspectivist]
Silvia BOCANCEA 1
Abstract
The image of the conservative politician Petre P. Carp has been
deformed by clichs such as: someone sold to foreign powers (especially
German), a retrograde thinker, a supporter of authoritarian leadership, a
promoter of state socialism, etc. Created by his political opponents, they
survived him. Even in the attempts to recover the activity and the thoughts
of this politician, such as those made in the interwar period, critical sense did
not triumph over these ready-made ideas. Later on, the Marxist ideological
interpretation took over these clichs and it included them into its own
explicative system. Accusing, communist historiography created for Carp the
(deformed) image of a landowner who was incapable of transgressing the
narrow economic, social and political interests of the class to which he
belonged in favour of the oppressed. Assuming the critical observations
formulated by post-communist historiography, I opted for the perspectivist
method of interpretation put forth by Karl Mannheim. This way of
interpreting facts allowed me to see a conservative who thought and acted in
order to meet his own interest (his becoming the model of a politician
different from most other political men), that of his party (taking hold of
power), and that of the social category to which he belonged (preserving the
economic, social, and political position of the great landowners), but without
losing sight of great goals such as the modernisation of the Romanian
society or the improvement of national security. His professionalism, his
moral rectitude and his civility recommend him as a political model which
deserves to be recovered.
Keywords:
Petre P. Carp, conservative, Marxist ideological interpretation, the
perspectivist method, revaluing
Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of Political and Administrative Sciences, Petre Andrei

University from Iasi, Romnia, Email Address: silviabocancea@yahoo.com, Phone no.
0040744773400
91
Reforming the Intelligence Sector Through Academic

Education. Implications for the Military and Civilian
Higher Education
[Reformarea domeniului de intelligence prin intermediul
educaiei universitare. Implicaii asupra nvmntului militar si
civil superior]
Claudia CRISTESCU 1
Abstract
Without claiming exhaustiveness with respect to the approached
subject, the research aims at providing a theoretical and applicative
perspective regarding the knowledge partnerships between the Intelligence
Community, the civil academic environment and the higher military
education, invoking (1) the requirement for academic outsourcing of the
intelligence and security analysis; (2) the benefits of exploiting social science
for the purpose of intelligence analysis and the process of drafting and
executing strategic military decisions, taking into consideration the
development of the international security environment, the characteristics of
the current operational environment and the doctrine innovations operated
by the security sector structures in the Euro-Atlantic area; and (3) arguing
the necessity for the institutionalisation of the intelligence education within
the civilian university curriculum towards the valorisation of intelligence
services as a defining component of the democratic state construction, by
means of correcting the knowledge deficit regarding the role and activities
developed by the national intelligence agencies, the mystified public
perception regarding the intelligence agencies or their image which has been
altered by belletristic or cinematic productions, as well as the often distorted
journalistic representation.
The purpose of the research is to conceptualize and draft a
prototype of the curriculum and didactics of the Intelligence and Security
Studies which is wanted to be implemented in the national civilian
universities with the support of higher military education institutions, to
identify the professional and transversal competencies, minimum
performance standards desirable for development by means of the
University Assistant, West University from Timisoara (Romania)/Faculty of Political
Sciences, Philosophy and Communication Sciences, Department of Politcal Sciences, Ph.D.
Candidate of Carol I National Defense University, Bucharest, Email Address:
claudia.cristescu@polsci.uvt.ro, Phone no. 0040735 22 10 81
1
92

Intelligence and Security Studies program and to draft the description of
the appropriate qualifications which correspond to the Intelligence and
Security Studies university specialization.
In the conceptual register of the research, we have exploited
theoretical considerations, as well as the results of previous related research
studies, which guided our scientific investigation approach: we have assessed
the status of the intelligence studies as an academic discipline and as a
scientific investigation field. In this regard, we highlighted the international
good practices to be followed in the sense of imposing intelligence studies in
the Romanian civil universities, synthesising the interpretative paradigms of
the discipline, the analytical perspectives regarding the intelligence, the
sources and the research methodology of the intelligence studies, as well as
the appropriate legislative mechanisms for declassification (i.e. FOIA and
MDR) as an instrument for the facilitation of access of researchers to
governmental documents. The intelligence education has been raised as a
problem through the praxeological function of scientific knowledge.
At methodological level, in order to ensure validity of the acquired
data, we chose to use a mixed methodological research design and the
technique of triangulation (consisting in quantitative and qualitative
methods). The conclusions of the applied sociological research contributed
to the orientation of the curricular design approach of the intelligence
studies at the Romanian civil university level.
We have argued the necessity for academic institutionalisation of the
intelligence and security studies by performing a SWOT type analysis with
respect to the benefits of imposing the intelligence studies in the Romanian
academic environment and the implications regarding the exclusion of the
intelligence curriculum from the educational program of local universities.
In compliance with the requirements stipulated in the Methodology
for the Drafting of the National Qualifications Framework for Higher
Education, the curricular design of the intelligence and security studies as
masters educational program has been performed taking into consideration
the following dimensions: Description of qualification, qualification
identification elements, summary of the qualification referential, educational
plan.
Keywords
intelligence education, intelligence studies curriculum, academic
outreach of intelligence, knowledge organization, intelligence community
(IC), academic community (AC), Sociocultural Intelligence (SOCINT)
Biography
Claudia Cristescu graduated from the Faculty of Political Science,
Philosophy and Communication Sciences, West University of Timisoara
(2004) where she also completed and succesfully graduated from the master
93

program "Public Policy and Advocacy" (2006). She completed her doctoral
studies in March 2012, at the National Defense University "Carol I"
Bucharest, with a thesis in Military Intelligence.
During 2005-2008,Claudia Cristescu conducted journalistic activities
as editor and reporter for local and national publications, and since 2009
until today she has been working as a teaching assistant (T.A.) in the
Department of Political Science at the West University of Timisoara.
- The teaching area covers: EU Studies, Basic Political Concepts,
Political
Communication,
Policy
Studies,
Political
Institutions&Constitutional Design (core seminars)
- The research area includes: Civil-Military Relations, Security
Studies & Intelligence Education, Security Sector Governance
(SSG), National Intelligence Systems
94
The European Union and the Assertion of German Primacy:

A Theoretical Approach
[Uniunea European i afirmarea primatului german: o abordare
teoretic]
Lucian DRDAL 1
Keywords:
European Union, power, issue areas, international regimes,
neorealism, neoliberalism
Abstract:
The current financial crisis in the Euro-zone has led to a more
prominent political role for Germany within the European Union, in
accordance to its status as the main contributor to the financial stabilization
mechanisms. So far, this has resulted in the creation of new EU norms,
including the recently signed treaty for fiscal stability. In Greece and other
places where austerity is sometimes seen as a German-imposed recipe, this
new position of strength has raised doubts and protests. In theoretical terms,
however, this process can be explained by both neorealists and neoliberals
working in the field of international regimes. The debates over the
fungibility of power, the significance of issue areas in EU politics, and the
role of power disparities in the creation of international regimes suggest that
the International Relations toolkit has gained in relevance in the study of the
European Union.
Lecturer Ph.D.,
ldirdala@yahoo.com
1
Mihail
Koglniceanu
University,
Iasi,
Email
Address:
95
Gender equality policies in the labor market: from equal pay

to worklife balance
[Politicile egalitii ntre femei i brbai pe piaa muncii: de la
egalitatea salarizrii la concilierea ntre viaa profesional i viaa
personal]
Alina HURUBEAN1 2
Abstract
The paper aims to show that gender equality issues, although
extensive and lively debate raises, it may remain confined to the a great goal
or a promising ideological discourse, if it does not address the substance of
gender relations, set at the intersection of public and private space,
characterized by unequal ownership and valuation between paid and unpaid
work. In this sense, the formulation of policies of reconciliation between
work and family/personal life on the European public agenda, since 1980,
opened a new stage in the evolution of women's rights and gender equality,
marking the transition from legal equality to equal the real equality.
Reconciliation between work and personal life is one of the major themes of
European policies, that promote the fundamental principle of equality
between women and men, but also economic and demographic objectives.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the role and responsibility of
each actor involved in the process of work-life balance (the state, employers,
enterprises, family, community). This leads us to trace the evolution of
European models in terms of "conciliation" between work and life,
depending of the role of the state, market and family. Beyond the speeches,
practices are far from homogeneous and do not yet seem to converge on
this common project of "conciliation" and equality supported by the policies
of the European Union. The arrangements between family and work
continue to be based mainly on women, more and more over the life cycle.
The new forms of work organization and labor market segmentation
Postoctoral Fellow in Political Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political
Sciences, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Iai, Romnia; Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of
Political And Administrative Sciences, Petre Andrei University from Iasi, Romania; Email
Address: hurubean.alina@yahoo.fr; Phone no. 0040744 577181.
2
Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the strategic grant
POSDRU/89/1.5/S/62259, Project Applied social, human and political sciences.
Postdostoral training and postdoctoral fellowships in social, human and political sciences
cofinanced by the European Social Fund within the Sectorial Operational Program Human
Resources Development 2007 2013.
1
96

maintain this gendered division of work. The employers can help reduce
tensions between work and family life by implementing programs of WorkLife Balance.
Keywords:
gender equality policy; worklife balance; gender gap; paid work and
domestic/care work.
97
The European Integration of the Republic of Moldova: Mith

and Reality
[Integrarea european a Republicii Moldova: mit i realitate]
Aurelian LAVRIC 1
Abstract
Within the process of the European integration of the Republic of
Moldova, in the public space of the country a few myths are used. Though
all the former Moldovan presidents or prime-ministers claim merits for
progresses in the European integration, the Republic of Moldova is out of
the European Union and still far away of becoming a member. In the last
period of time the Republic of Moldova is called a success story of the
Eastern Partnership. Never the less the economic achievements and other
results of the reforms are not so good. A myth is that the Republic of
Moldova can be recieved in the EU with the unsolved Nistrian conflict.
However, Cyprus can not serve as a precedent. There are many messages
from Brussels that never an other state with an unsolved territorial conflict
will be accepted as a member of the EU. The administration from Tiraspol
is an Russian tool of preasure on the Government from Chisinau in order to
change the direction from West to East. The Russian factor is yet important
in the process of the approaching of the RM to the EU, also because
Moldova depends on the Russian market and gas.
Keywords
European integration, European Neighbourhood Policy, Eastern
Partnership, Partnership and Cooperation Agreements, European Union,
NATO.
1 Ph.D. in History, Associate Prof. Ph.D., State University of Moldova, Chisinau, Email
Address: aurushelios@gmail.com, Phone no. +37369062133
98
Romania a Bridge towards the Eastern Neighbors of the

European Union
[Romna: o punte de trecere spre vecinii din estul Uniunii
Europene]
Alina Ioana PRISTA 1
Abstract
The European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) is shaped according to
the institutional and procedural experience of the EU's enlargement. Thus, it
wishes to elaborate an alternative method in terms of EU-neighboring
countries relationship, a relationship based on common values that are
shared by both parties of the partnership. This article suggests that although
according to this policy, where EU neighbors which accept the ENP have
no membership perspective, they do have to respect some of the EUs
conditions in terms of policies, cooperation or economic aspects once they
agree and sign the ENP. Such a situation assumes that the involvement of
different border member countries in EU- EU neighbors relationship is very
important, mainly because of their geographic, economic and in some cases
their cultural proximity to the neighbors. The article will continue by
presenting to the readers the implementing process of ENP at the EUs
Eastern borders. At this level, Romania, as a new member state starting with
2007, will begin to have an important role in this process. Its bilateral
agreements with The Republic of Moldova and Ukraine must also follow a
European path in terms of cooperation, trade or political issues. For both
these countries, Romania developed strategic approaches, based on their
previous collaborations and on signed bilateral agreements. Even though
the ENP was initiated by EU, it brings positive aspects on multiple levels
to the targeted neighbors as well and represents in this respect a WINWIN situation.
Keywords:
European Neighborhood Policy, Cooperation, Eastern countries,
Action plans.
Ph.D. Candidate, Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of European Studies, Cluj-Napoca,

Email Address: a.pristas@yahoo.com, Phone no. 004-0745.76.14.96
99

Biography
Ph.D. Student at Doctoral School European Paradigm, Faculty of
European Studies, Babe-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca. She also attended
the courses for the master and the bachelor degree at the same university.
She is elaborating a thesis on the European Neighborhood Policy subject,
has participated at several conferences and is specialized in European
Structural and Cohesion Fund and in Project Cycle Management, unfolding
project management activities in many cultural projects.
100
Perceptions of the Political Parliamentary lites from

Romania Upon the Role of State in Economy Before and
After the Introducing of the Uninominal Vote
[Percepii ale elitei politice parlamentare din Romnia asupra
rolului statului n economie nainte i dup alegerile prin vot
uninominal]
Marcela Monica STOICA 1
Abstract
The quality of a democracy is given by the quality of lites and their
professionalism is a decisive factor in consolidating democracy.
In Romania, the public space was dominated, in the first decade of
the 2000s, by the problem of how are chosen the elites in Parliament. The
election of the political parliamentary elites using the proportional
representation electoral system with closed lists seemed to maintain the
monopoly domination of the political parties.
Therefore, the introduction of the uninominal vote was seen as
the solution to increase the professionalism of the lites, and hence the
quality of democracy, and to a greater proximity of voters to elected.
2008, the year of the introduction and use of the uninominal vote
for parliamentary elections was regarded and considered as a turning point in
Romanian democracy. The members of the last two legislatures of the
Romanian Parliament are the product of a different type of voting: the
members from 2004-2008 legislature (we called them old lites) were chosen
by proportional representation, with closed lists, and the members from the
2008-2012 legislature (new lites) were elected using the uninominal vote.
Thus, the object of analysis of this paper is the political
parliamentary elites generated by the two type of voting.
It examines, through a comparative approach, the political
parliamentary lites value profile regarding the role of state in the economy
related to the investigation of possible changes in the perception of the
political elites and is trying to show to what extent the values shared by the
new parliamentary elites are identical to the previous lites.
In other words, it is wanted to investigate if the perceptions of the
new lites differ significantly from the old lites.
The results presented are part of wider research carried out in the
Chamber of Deputies, Romanian Parliament, on two populations of
1 Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of Political Sciences, Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University,
Bucharest, Email Address:stoica1234marcela@yahoo.com
101

deputies elected at two different chronological and political moments. The
research is based on a sociological survey in which two questionnaires were
applied to two samples of deputies. The questionnaires were constructed
using a simple, ransom and crossed procedure on layers.
The analysis and interpretation of data obtained from the research
show that both the new and the old lites, despite the different voting
system, share a common body of values, the differences of perceptions
being insignificant.
Keywords:
political parliamentary lites; self perceptions; democracy; values.
102
New Trends in the European Neighbourhood Policy.

Case Study: The Euro-Mediterranean Region Security
Issues
Claudiu-Laureniu ABREA 1
Parasca IURCEA 2
Abstract:
Our study tries to present the latest developments in the European
Neighbourhood Policy especially the significant transformations of the last
six years. We will focus our attention on the institutional, legislative,
economic and especially the security aspects. The financial and economic
crisis of the recent years has adversely affected the European Union and
implicitly have influenced the partnership with its neighbours. In their turn,
the social and political events generated by the riots in the states of North
Africa have caused many problems affecting the regional security
environment, having an impact on their relationship with the Union. We will
analyze matters of political, economic, societal, and cultural nature, that
have changed the balance of power in countries such as Tunisia, Egypt,
Libya, on which the European Union should have a more active position.
Issues such as illegal migration, drug trafficking, human trafficking, political
instability, corruption, and other risks, dangers and threats will be presented
and investigated. We will try to show if the EU can be an actor able to
influence, through the ENP, the social-political situation of the neighbour
states and to improve the security environment in the Euro-Mediterrarean
area.
Keywords:
Security, European Neighbourgood Policy, governance, Southern
neighbours, trends
Ph. D. Candidate, International Relations and European Studies area, Faculty of History
and
Philosphy,
Babe-Bolyai
University,
Cluj-Napoca,
Email
Address:
claudiu_tabrea@yahoo.com
2 MA of Criminal and Forensic Sciences Master Programme, Christian University Dimitrie
Cantemir Bucureti
1
103
Decision-making Models in Public Policies Process: A

Transdisciplinary Approach
[Modele decizionale n procesul politicilor publice: o abordare
transdisciplinar]
Dorina ICU 12
Abstract
The decision in the public policies is a process based on a cognitivecomprehensive analysis centered on certain models (the rational actor
theory, the incrementalism, mixt theory, the model of bureaucratic
organisation, game theory, etc.).
This article aims to analyse the models of decision-making process
from a transdisciplinary perspective, through the call made at the classic
model of rational actor and at the game theory. The analysis of each model
captures common dimensions as the actors involved, the decision-making
process, the stages, the mechanisms, the instruments used, in order to
determine the reliability of each one. The impossibility to establish the
existence of total rational criteria of decision making, to guarantee the
rationality of the actors, the comprehensiveness of the informations common elements of the rational actor theory-brings with it the need of a
different approach. Placing public policies in the environment of the risk,
remove the rationality of the agents, searching different criteria of decisionmaking beyond the efficiency and effectiveness, searching strategies for
balance, the call to prisoner's dilemma, all these are new elements that
should be used in actual analysis of decision making process. All these
elements are used by the game theory and can explain the decision making
process from a complementary perspective and from a more realistic one.
Keywords:
public policies, rational actor theory, games theory, transdiciplinarity
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Associate University Professor at Faculty of Philosphy and SocialPolitical Sciences, Department of Public Politics and International Relations and European
Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iai, Email Address: ticudorina@yahoo.com,
Phone no. 0744262978
2This work was supported by the the European Social Fund in Romania, under the
responsibility of the Managing Authority for the Sectoral Operational Programme for
Human Resources Development 2007-2013 [grant POSDRU/CPP 107/DMI
1.5/S/78342].
104

Biography
Dorina ICU - associate university professor, postdgraduate,
Faculty of Social and Political Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iai,
Published articles: Politicul i politicile. O abordare din perspectiva a trei teorii: David
Easton, Stepen Robbins i Gianfranco Pasquino(2008), Evaluarea: aciune pe parcurs
sau etap final a ciclului politicilor publice? (2009), Values linking Hofstede's cultural
dimensions to Adrian Paul-Iliescu's right& left interpretations from Popper's Open
society perspective (2010) in collaboration with Ph. D. Professor Carmen AidaHuu, Public policies from the dilemma of resources allocation to the ethical decision
making (2011), A design for the evaluation in public administration (2011), Models
of the implementation in public administration (2012), 0744262978,
ticudorina@yahoo.com
105
Romania's Relations with Russia in the Post-december

Romanian Foreign Policy Register
[Relaiile Romniei cu Rusia n catastiful politicii externe
romneti postdecmbriste]
Miruna Mdlina TRANDAFIR1
Abstract
This attempted research tries to detect under punctual and rigorous
arguments the preliminary stage of the Romanian post December Foreign
Policy, demonstrating the increased attention assigned to the RomanianRussian relationship at the level of the main action directions carried on
externally. In the introductory part of the study, we propose a close
radiography of the external portrait of Romania, emphasizing the atypical
trajectory recorded together with the sudden fall of the communist structure
and the beginning of coagulation of new post-communist political structures
and systems. In the second part of the paper, we shall emphasize the
Romanian-Russian bilateral tandem specific to recent or immediate history
segment, locating the privileged statute this complex relation detains at the
level of the defining options of Romanian post December foreign policy. In
its integrity, the paper dissociates itself from the unanimously accepted
tendency in the academic circle, according to which the fundamental option
of Romanian post December foreign policy was made up by the affiliation
of Romania to Euro-Atlantic structures and mechanisms, inserting a distinct
research direction, that starts from a contrasting premise: Romania of year
90 perpetuated the relationships with the Soviet Union, being particularly
preoccupied with the recalibration in a mutual advantageous manner of the
new juridical-bilateral framework.
Keywords
Romanian-Russian bilateral relations,
post-communist foreign
policy, privileged statute, recent history, juridical-bilateral framework.
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Year III, Babe-Bolyai University, Faculty of History and Philosophy.
Email Address: miruna_trandafir@yahoo.com
106
Section: Social Sciences

[Seciunea: tiine Sociale]


Regional Television: Features

[Viitorul televiziunii regionale]
Margareta ANDREESCU 1
Abstract
Regional television is situated at the borderline between national
television and local television. Focused around a central news programme
the regional televisions are not the same. What sets them apart is firstly the
editorial policy, then the programming way and structure of the grid, the
format type and various other factors.
Between the two media sources there is a complementary
relationship, but their contribution to the daily agenda is not balanced. Even
though theoretically, television should have temporal priority, most of the
presented information is firstly shown in local press or reflects
simultaneously appearances. There is a percent of information firstly shown
on television but this does not offer regional television the leader status in
present information in the area. Thus, this hypothesis is confirmed only
partially.
Regional television is in a considerable amount involved in
supporting some regional projects, especially with cultural character. This
increases its visibility in the community, offers authority on a regional level
and gives it a boost of confidence from the population. These aspects
confirm the hypothesis. I will mention that for and in depth analysis of the
subject a rigorous study among the population is required.
Keywords:
regional television, own production, recorded shows, grid.
Ph.D., TV editor Iasi, Lecturer Ph.D., Apollonia University, Iai, Email Address:
marga.andreescu@tvr.ro
109
Reflexivity - A Principle for Innovation in Education

[Reflexivitatea- Un principiu al inovaiei n educaie]
Carmen ALEXANDRACHE 1
Abstract
Our demarche starts from the premises that reflexivity is as active as
the scientific research and the social relationships, a fact for which it
necessitates a prolonged and complex training, a lot of involvement, time
and experience in establishing the moments, the strategies and the means to
determine its efficiency.
The study incorporates the reflexivity of the problems regarding the
improvement of the quality of education. In this respect it emphasizes the
means of developing the (self)reflexive qualities of students and of teachers,
(together with some examples of types of activities) it demonstrates the
connection between reflexivity and active learning and it rapports it to the
guidance function of evaluation in education, it suggests understanding
reflexivity as a side of student focused learning and of developing the critical
thinking.
The main conclusion of the study refers to the fact that reflexivity
presupposes not only thinking upon what has happened or what should have
happened (thus making a critical analysis upon it), but it must be
complemented by the action taking (by means of making a decision and of
applying it).
Keywords:
quality of education, strategies, (self)reflexive qualities, active
learning
Biography
Assistant, University Dunrea de Jos of Galati - The Teacher
Training Department
- involving in initial and continuous education programs and in adult
education programs
- Master graduate The Danube in European history
- studying history of the mentalities, history of the church and of
culture in the Middle Ages.
- preparing doctorate thesis in the Romanian history; specialized
field is Mental religious in the Romanian Countries in the17th century
1 University Assistant, Ph. D. Candidate, University Dunrea de Jos of Galati - The
Teacher Training Department, Email Address: carmen_alexandrache@yahoo.com, Phone
no. 0040788389222
110
The Romanian Religious Mentality - A Problem of Method

and Thought
[Mentalul religios romnesc - O problem de metod i reflecie]
Carmen ALEXANDRACHE 1
Abstract
For the scientific world and for the public, mentality represents still a
very attractive but extremelly complicated subject, its implications justifying
the human attitudes and behaviours. If the focuse is laid on the XVIIth
century, the situation becomes more complicated because of the difficulties
encountered while checking the observations. Starting from the
contemporary analitical perspectives, the study suggests some directions
regarding the interpretation and analysis of the Romanian religious mentality
from this century, dominated by religious problems.
The historic direction of the research has established a compromise
between the context of events and thinking, while the antropological
direction has omitted causality, the explanation thus being internalized. In
this situation, the research tendencies are placed, either at the descriptional
level (identifying and describing the facts and the practices), colaborating
very well with the quantitative level (interested in statistics done after reading
from numerous sources), or at the qualitative level (dominated by images
and symbols). These highlights are soustained historically, but they also
encourage branched research. Thus, the study opens up new research
posibilities of these sensitive problems.
The conclusion of the study emphasizes the importance of the
interdisciplinary colaboration and the responsability and courage needed to
start such an approach.
Keywords:
historiographical directions, attitudes, sensitive, interdisciplinary
Biography
Assistant, University Dunrea de Jos of Galati - The Teacher
Training Department
- involving in initial and continuous education programs and in adult
education programs
- Master graduate The Danube in European history
1 University Assistant, , Ph. D. Candidate, University Dunrea de Jos of Galati - The
Teacher Training Department, Email Address: carmen_alexandrache@yahoo.com, Phone
no. 0040788389222
111

-
studying history of the mentalities, history of the church and of

culture in the Middle Ages.
preparing doctorate thesis in the Romanian history; specialized
field is Mental religious in the Romanian Countries in the17th century
112
Frontiers And Contemporary Thinking: Zygmunt Bauman

And Salman Rushdie
Dana BDULESCU 1
Abstract
This paper looks into the nature of contemporary modernity as
reflected by the metaphorical discourses of Zygmunt Bauman, an
outstanding sociological writer, and Salman Rushdie, a famous novelist. This
approach to the two writers echoing discourses focuses upon their new
perceptions of frontiers, which are crucial in their inquiries. When Rushdie
weaves a whole lecture, later published in book form under the title Step
Across this Line, around the idea of frontier, he echoes Baumans vocabulary
and perceptions when he explores his own ideas of modern liquidity.
Rushdie, whose book-length essay came out in 2002, never references
Baumans Liquid Modernity, published in 2000. Arguably, Rushdie may have
never read Baumans book. However, the similarity of their perceptions
upon the liquid nature of modernity, especially when applied to frontiers
not only spatially but also temporally, is striking. Baumans statements that
in the fluid stage of modernity, the settled majority is ruled by the nomadic
and exterritorial elite, that holding the ground is not that important if the
ground can be reached and abandoned at whim, in a short time or in no
time, that being modern means being perpetually ahead of oneself, in a
state of constant transgression find a mirror in Rushdies contentions that
in our deepest natures, we are frontier-crossing beings, that we are living
in a frontier time, one of the great hinge periods in human history, in which
great changes are coming about at great speed. Bauman the sociologist and
Rushdie the novelist who studied history at Cambridge bring their theories
to bear upon the social and political contexts of the late 20th and early 21st
century: contexts in which the collapsing or melting frontiers, but also new
visible or invisible frontiers, both spatial and temporal, reshape an
ambiguous metamorphic space of dread and exhilaration.
Keywords:
frontier, frontier-crossing, quest, liquid modernity, transgression,
exterritorial power, panopticon versus synopticon, leadership versus
spectacle, surveillance versus seduction
1 Ph. D. Assistant Professor and POSDRU grantee Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of
Iasi, Romania, E-mail: dnbadulescu@yahoo.co.uk, Mobile phone number: 0040728655064
113

Biography:
Dana Bdulescu teaches at Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi and
is now a POSDRU grantee doing her research on Salman Rushdie and his
writing as emblematic for our contemporary world. She focuses her research
on the intriguing and often dangerous imbrication of art, politics, ideology
and religion vs. secularism in Rushdie's writing. Since 2006, she has
published several articles on Salman Rushdie (Salman Rushdies Unfettered
Republic of the Tongue in Fury, Philologia, 2006 ; The Boulder of History Is
Rolling in Salman Rushdies Novel, Sphere of Politics, October 2011; Rushdie
the Translated Man , Sphere of Politics, December 2011, Heterotopia,
Liminality, Cyberspace as Marks
of
Contemporary
Spatiality
http://www.theroundtable.ro/).
114
Intercultural Communication in the Migrations Context

[Comunicarea intercultural n context migraionist]
Simion BELEA 1 2
Abstract
Migration represents one of the most important social phenomena
which characterize our contemporary society, transformed into a more and
more global and multicultural one. The cultural, ethnical, economic and
social changes make us meet the diversity, fact which assumes a
permanent change of relationships and a confrontation between different
identities. In other words, migration implies an increase of the contact
between societies and social groups which belong to different ethnic groups,
fact which can determine problematic and conflict situations which can be
solved by intercultural communication. Intercultural communication
contributes to the discovery of ethnical differences and their relationship, it
promotes the change and dialogue between different cultures, reciprocal
understanding and it consolidates social cohesion. The acquisition of
competences which favors intercultural communication passes through 3
stages as fallows: awareness, knowledge and obtaining some general and
specific abilities. The present paper will describe the main competences
which contribute to intercultural communication and the obstacles which
prevent the adequate functioning in this domain. The success of the
intercultural communication depends on the choice of an appropriate code
which has to be utilized as mean of communication and relationship
between different interlocutors and as a reconfirmation of the fact that the
recognition of diversity stands at the base of the relationship with the other.
Starting from these premises, this paper aims to outline the principles and
the guidelines of the intercultural communication in the sense of promoting
a plural, open and respectful community towards the rights and duties of its
citizens, whether they are autochthon or strangers. Beside the practical
implications of the intercultural communication, this paper will take into
consideration the role of intercultural communication as a research area in
the migration domain and the progresses registered in this direction. There
are going to be underlined as well, the elements which have the decisive role
Ph.D. Postdoctoral Grant Recipient Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch E-mail:
simionbla@yahoo.com
2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This paper was made within The Knowledge Based Society
Project supported by the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development
(SOP HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government
under the contract number POSDRU ID 56815.
1
115

in the process of communication destined to the reciprocal understanding
between cultures, crossing not only the linguistic barrier, but the cultural
barriers as well, in a process of passing towards an awareness of cultural
differences and towards a larger acceptance of different values.
Keywords:
migration, intercultural conflict,
diversity, social cohesion, integration
intercultural
communication,
Biography
Belea Simion, PhD, is a Postdoctoral Grant Recipient of the
Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, with a study on Romanian immigrants in
Italy. Also he is a Scientific Researcher at the Center of Research and
Information of North University Baia Mare. He is collaborating on a project
for social integration of immigrants in the province of Rome. Among his
publications mention: Judicial latin tradition and judicial byzantine tradition in the
codification of modern Romania (Rome, Lateran University Press, 2004); Role of
the Holy See in international relations, (Bucharest, 2010); Rights and immigration:
an overview of the developments and sources (in Autonomie Locali e
Servizi Sociali, Bologna: Il Mulino, Nr.1/2011, p. 21-32.); La civilt e il diritto
della Dacia Romana (in Studia et Documenta. Historiae et Iuris, Rome,
Lateran University Press, Italia, 2011).
116
Cutting-Edge Strategies for Training our Business learners'

Intercultural Competence
Awicha BENABDALLAH 1
Abstract
Considering the fact that English is nowadays seen as newly
emerging word-order and international work-place, culture is widely believed
to play a pivotal function for better communication to occur on the
international scale; as it places an incredibly high value on the participants
interactions. It seems, thus, for a great discernible to noticeably devise a
new-fangled framework based on the new perspective on incorporating the
cultural aspect in EFL teaching in general and ESP in particular.
Therefore, and due to the process of globalization, a long lasting
interest has been placed upon the call for effective ways to better assist and
enhance the learners intercultural communicative competence and
promoting at the same time cross-cultural understanding. This paper is, in
fact, an attempt to shed some fresh lights on the underlying significance of
the adoption or adaptation of an intercultural approach to our Business
English learners at the preparatory school of Economics of Tlemcen ALGERIA- . In this vein, the main problematic would be as follows how
one -as an ESP teacher- may manage an intercultural approach with our ESP
learners requirements?
Keywords:
ESP Teaching,
Competence, Strategies.
Intercultural
Communication,
Intercultural
Biography
Ms. Awicha BENABDALLAH holds her BA and magister degree in
ESP at Abu Baker Belkaid University of Tlemcen , she is a part-time teacher
at the preparatory school of economic sciences and the department of
political sciences.
She has participated in the International seminar with a
communication entitled Preliminary Study of the ESP LMD Evaluation at
the Department of Psychology , Organized by LAROS Laboratoire De
Recherche Ouvrages Du Suprieur Universit dOran (Avril 2011).
Miss. Awicha BENABDALLAH, part-time teacher, Faculty of Letters and Languages,

Abu - Baker belkaid University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, ALGERIA, Email:
awicha333@live.fr, Phone: 00213 665 90 04 16
117
Opportunities and Perspectives from Informal Learning

[Oportuniti i perspective ale nvrii informale]
Elena BRUM 1
Abstract:
This paper is a theoretical study in which the emphasis is on the
informal learning. This concept is not new, but has changed in its evolution.
Since perspectives on learning process has changed dramatically in last
decades, the perception of individual and passive experience learning to
active learning as a process dynamic and evolving is required and which
includes an overview of informal learning in present. In recent years a
number of specialists have suggested that new information and
communication technologies have changed the nature of learning, new
learning opportunities, new types of skills and new ways of providing
different learning traditional knowledge that. Following rewieving the
literature, theoretical and experimental studies which are focused on the
learning process, especially informal learning, we approached this topic,
highlighting the importance of informal learning, according some criteria like
classical opportunities of informal learning and present, new or modern
opportunities, including here, radio, online media, television and, as modern
opportunitiess, the information and communication technologies, the
internet and its tools: weblog, wiki, second life, virtual communities. In the
second part we will describe the perspectives of informal learning like
technological perspectives, methodological perspectives, instrumental and
pedagogical perspectives and its effects. Practical will be made a short
history of informal learning, a reflection of evolution of this learning type,
otherwise the informal learning as important as formal learning.
Keywords:
informal learning, information and communication technologies,
online media, radio, television.
Biography
My names is Elena Brum, I have graduated in 2006, Alexandru Ioan
Cuza University of Iasy, Faculty of Psychology and Science of Education
and obtained Bachelor degree in Pedagogy. In 2008 I have graduated Master
Programme in Conflict Mediation, at the same faculty. From September
Therapist Applied Behavioural Analysis, under international supervision, Alexandru Ioan
Cuza, Psichology and Education Sciences Faculty, Iasi, Email Address:
elena_bruma83@yahoo.com
1
118

2009 onwards, I am Phd student at Doctoral School Science of Education,
Faculty of Psychology and Science of Education, University Alexandru Ioan
Cuza from Iasy. I was speech therapist at Special School of Pacani, Iasy,
between the years 2009-2010. Between January 2011-june 2011, I was
student to Applied Behavioral Analysis course, therapist in training, under
supervision of Prof.dr. Neil Martin BCBA-D, Board of Directors Member
European Association for Behavior Analysis, London, UK. From October
2010 onwards I am volunteer teacher to Center of Resources for Education
and Family Doxamus, Iasy, Romania.
119
ICT and Its Impact on Organizational Learning

Diego CARDONA1
ABSTRACT
This article presents the impact of the Information and
Communications Technology ICT at organizational learning through a
review of the state of the art in this field. First, it addresses the basic
concepts of knowledge society, the process of change due to a postmodern
era and its implications for organizational learning. Additionally, it addresses
the concept of ICT, its development, components and a relevant discussion
concerning the difference among data, information and knowledge that are
necessary for the accuracy of organizational learning. Finally, it presents the
definition of organizational learning observed from the organization itself
and describes a series of studies of the impact of ICTs on organizational
learning and through this into the increasing productivity and innovation.
Keywords:
ICT, organizational learning
Biography
Diego Cardona is Colombian engineer with a post degree in project
management; he has a MSc and PhD in Management Sciences. His
professional development has been framed in Information Technologies
IT as engineer at private companies in Colombia, and as CIO at the
Colombian government agency responsible for technology and strategic
information for the Country. In addition, he has been Consultant in the area
of IT with multilateral funding agencies for some Latin American
Governments. Besides this professional career, he has been involved in
academia as researcher an professor in strategic application of IT in
organizations.
Eng MSc PhD, ICT Consultant, Associated Professor Universidad del Rosario,
diego.cardona@esade.edu, Calle 72 No 4 55 Apartamento 501, Edificio Fori Rosales,
Bogot - Colombia
120
Personality and the Social Cognition

[Personalitatea i cogniia social]
Felicia CEAUU 1
Abstract
Individual ego constantly swings between the extremes of
subjectivity and objectivity; he seeks to impose individual aspirations and
their own value system, but also cannot ignore the need to respect the
requirements and society values, necessity derived from the very of human
social status.
Focusing exclusively of people on self-interest, just because of
overestimation of personal capacity and the importance of individual desires,
raises important issues essential for individual and social psychology, such as
the attitude of mistrust and underestimation of their own possibilities,
manifested by others people.
Overestimation leads to a hypertrophy of the personality concerned
the horizontal level (that of the multiplication and diversification
exaggerated of desires and individual activities) and vertical level (height of
the aspirations set at a time): overestimates people are animated by the
conviction that not only can any, but the ambition to want more than they
can.
The exacerbation of these two levels of personality, is rooted the
conflict situations of these people with others around and the possibility of
living by them the strong feelings of frustration, which seriously undermines
individual psychological balance.
It identifies four levels of analysis in social psychology: intrapersonal
processes, dynamics of interpersonal relationships, individual-group
relations, intergroup relations. We will focus especially on the first and
second level in this work.
The paper proposes that the main objective investigation of
important issues for individual psychology: meanings of the term personality,
the self in relation to personality and consciousness, summarizing the most
significant current guidelines on individual-society relationship, analysis of
cognitive equip, composed of concepts, categories and prototypes that help
individuals to understand the world where they live in.
Keywords:
personality, concepts, categories, prototypes, social cognition
1 Ph.D., Institute of Economic and Social Researches Gh. Zane, Romanian Academy, Iai
Branch, Email Address: ceausufelicia@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040733692663
121
Martial Arts Anthropology for Sport Pedagogy and Physical

Education
Wojciech J. CYNARSKI 1
Kazimierz OBODYSKI 2
Howard Z. ZENG3
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss the subject as well as the
problem of corporeality and spirituality in the anthropology of martial arts.
The authors attempt to show the vision of a new psychophysical education
on the way of martial arts and the taking of personal patterns here. Analysies
are made in the perspective of the holistic pedagogy and humanistic theory
of martial arts.
Qualitative methods, such as studying literature, direct interview
and long-term participant observation were used. The authors wish to begin
with the concept of corporeality as it is found in the available literature on
the subject.
The first author has been active in an environment of martial arts for
over 30 years. Interviews and discussions were conducted with 9 martial arts
masters of the highest rank.
Results and conclusions. Psychophysical system of self-realization
is an educational programme - a way which relates to spiritual development
through physical and mental exercise, according to teaching by a particular
master-teacher. Within the context of martial arts being used as a psychoeducational form of education, the body fulfills, above all, the role of a tool
to be used on the way towards enlightenment and wisdom. It is utilized
specifically in spiritual progress. Improving ones physical abilities is
therefore an ascetic journey of physical perfectionism and technical
accomplishment all towards achieving spiritual mastery. In some cases,
spiritual development is described in terms of energy (qi, ki) and connected
with the capacity of ones health.
Traditional understanding of martial arts is often mixed with combat
sports or systems of meditation are numbered among movement forms. The
opportunity to avoid similar mistakes is to adopt a theoretical perspective of
the anthropology of psychophysical progress. Paradigm of systematic
approach and integral outlook on the human allow for understanding of the
sense of being involved in ascetic and psychophysical practices.
Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszw, Rzeszw, Poland

Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszw, Rzeszw, Poland
3 Brooklyn College, City University of New York, USA
1
2
122

Utilitarian values of some martial arts causes, that the martial arts are
very useful for PE curriculum. Falls and other exercises, elements of self
defence techniques are beneficial for both for more safe teaching and future
safe life.
Keywords:
martial arts, human body, patterns and values, psychophysical
progress, education
123
Performance Management A Fundamental Resource for

Success
[Managementul performanelor resurs fundamental pentru
obinerea succesului]
Georgiana CORCACI 1
Abstract
Ancestry and evolution that we obtain in a particular field or in a
particular activity is the result of objectives from an organized thing. What is
truly performance? I am a powerful person? When I know I achieved
performance? What are the ingredients of performance? To answer these
new questions have turned to sites such databases. Michael Armstrong
(2003) shows that "performance is achieved special success in an industry.
Performance includes "activities that ensure that the objectives are
consistently met in an effective and efficient". Here, therefore, derived from
the answer above: "The performance is success in terms of efficiency and
effectiveness". Effectiveness is the measure of the degree to which certain
objectives are met, the efficiency is about the size of resources used for this
purpose. Should note that when a person does what he can and likes the
results are outstanding, accumulated stress is minimal, and professional
recognition is maximum. In this context, we sought to emphasize that the
companies were part of the evaluation, there is concern from the
management team for a management career. For this desideratum we
proposed the following objectives: 1. highlighting the influence on career
preparation and professional development, 2. highlighting the influence of
trainings on performance, 3. highlighting the influence of motivation on
becoming professional 4. influence of periodic assessments for a successful
career. Investigated sample consists of 100 people, 62 men and 38 women,
aged between 21 and 35 years. Methods used in the present research are
observation and questionnaire. Performance is successful. In the present
study we intend to demonstrate that performance has an important role in
developing a successful career for those of employees who feel "right man at
the right place".
Keywords:
management, performance, success, evaluation.
Associate Prof. Ph.D., Petre Andrei University from Iasi, Faculty of Psichology and
Education Sciences, Email Address: gcorcaci@yahoo.it
124

Biography:
Associate Professor Ph.D. Georgiana CORCACI, is director of
the Master of Human Resource Management, Human Resources Director of
the Center, coordinator of the Humanitarian Program "Help us help them"
the University "Petre Andrei" of Iasi, Faculty of Psychology. Today is a
post-doctoral research in management with relevance advanced forensic
psychiatry at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Iasi. PhD in Psychology,
University of Bucharest, field - psychology. He has a Master in Integrated
Education, Department of Psychology, University "Al. I. Cuza" Iasi. A
graduate of Psychology, University "Al. I. Cuza" Iasi. He is a member in
projects carried out by European funds. Specializes in organizational
psychology and management, with experience in: psycho evaluation for
selection, recruitment, performance evaluation, career development,
individual and organizational SWOT analysis. Publications: 1. Single author Practice and theory in psychology managerial Junimea House, Iasi
psychological dimensions relevant to performance in educational
management, Junimea Publishing, Science, 2. Co-author - Ruxandra
Rcanu, Georgiana Corcaci, development, differences, psychological
dysfunction in the current landscape, University of Bucharest, 3. He has
published articles listed in the relevant international databases in work
psychology, organizational psychology and human resource management.
Four. He participated in numerous national and international conferences in
the country and abroad.
125
Value and Behaviour Determinant Factors of a Democratic

Regime
[Determinri de ordin valoric i comportamental ale unui regim
democratic]
Andreea-Ioana COZIANU 1
Abstract
In the context of Romania joining the European Union, the analyses
and debates regarding the implementation of the public policies and the
European Funds absorption are current issues. Lots of transformations took
place at all the levels like political, economic, institutional, but also in every
day life. Starting from the political changes we get to the role of civic
involvement that grew significantly during the last years while, and this
imposed a mentality change and a modification of the civic and political
behaviour.
Keywords:
Political behaviour, civic behaviour, democratic regime, civic
involvment.
1
PhD Junior Lecturer, Mihail Kogalniceanu
ioana.cozianu@yahoo.com, Phone no. +4.0745.603.153
University,
Iasi,
E-mail:
126
Humanization of Higher Technical School - A Current

Trend in the Field of Education
[Umanizarea colii superioare tehnice o tendin actual n
domeniul educaional]
Victoria DANILA 1
Abstract
This topic focuses on the pedagogical perspective of humanization
process educational technical university, and has a priority task personal and
professional development of students.
In the context of globalization and integration in the development of
the society, the changes that take place on the labour market, as well as new
requirements for training/education specialists with technical profile,
requires a review of the entire education system.
They, in turn, must rely on interdisciplinary relationships of technical
subjects, humanities, and profile, in order to ensure the possibility of
effective development of young specialists in the lifelong.
Within the framework of the work were made by the following: it
was examined the role of humanization of technical education and its place
in education; have been identified the criteria and the principles that underlie
this process; were enumerated provisions key of this process in technical
university, as in the end to be proposed conceptual model of humanization
of higher education technical.
Therefore, the higher technical school involves the formation and
development not only of engineers and creative professionals, competitive,
but also personalities able to self-development.
Keywords:
students, personal and professional development, the principles of
humanization, future engineer, technical skills, training.
1 Lecturer Assistant, Technical University of Moldova, Chisinau, Email Address:

victoriavasilecojocari@yahoo.com
127

Biography:
Victoria DANILA was born on 29.05.1984 or. Soroca, RM.
Education: High School "Constantin Stere" Soroca in 2002, studies
UTM, Faculty light industry, Specialty MTCT. from 2002-2006, licensed
engineer, master studies 2006 - 2007, Magister ,of Light Industry, specialty
MTCT.; at present development of the thesis of doctorate to specialty
13.00.08 , U. T. M. ..
Scientific activity: I participated in national and international
scientific conference in the year 2006, with oral presentations, poster.
Professional activity: lecturer at the College or Technology.
Chisinau in 2006, for a year while studying for master, then employed at
UTM, FIU, I am currently working assistant lecturer, foreman training
Awards: Bursa "Sergiu Rduanu" 2011. Senate Award UTM The
best doctoral student 2010" Awards of grade II, the diploma of grade II.
Seminars: "HANDS-ON SKILLS IN MOLDOVA", 2009.
- FORMATION SKILLS TRAINING PRACTICE, TEACHING
KNOWLEDGE, PROJECT CONSEPT 2010
- Evaluation of academic results, PROJECT CONSEPT 2011
- Academic Ethics", 2011
128
Implementing Bologna Process: Taking into Account what

Students Think and Improving Professors Performance in
Class
Fernando DIEZ ESTELLA 1
Abstract
As we all know, the so-called Bologna-process is paying close
attention to many important things regarding High School education, such
as skills, competences, new research trends, TICs, accreditation and quality
assurance, etc. Those issues are taking much of the attention of scholars and
whoever is devoting efforts to research about them, and indeed they deserve
it.
However to our understanding- both the academic community and
the public entities entitled to the implementation of the European Higher
Education Area (EHEA) are overlooking at least two crucial issues: what
students think about University, and how professors achieve excellence in
their classes. Given they are closely related, our presentation to this
conference is intended to cover both.
As to the first topic, although the students are to play a key role in
the new EHEA, and indeed they are supposed to be placed at the very
centre of the teaching-learning process, however, no schemes are developed
yet to hear them, and whenever necessary or convenient- take their
opinions into account. From our point of view, the starting point to solve
this problem is asking what makes college an academically and personally
successful time for some students but not others. Afterwards, the
methodology usually used to gather the proper information is conducting
interviews and visiting various campuses. The results we present in Section
II of this paper are, to say the least, pretty counter-intuitive, and to some
point somehow astonishing. For example, we learn that students are more
enthusiastic about learning in courses that have some relevance to their
personal lives or interests outside the classroom, instead of just fulfilling a
graduation requirement. Or that they learn more when they collaborate on
challenging homework rather than performing their assigned tasks
individually.
Keywords:
Bologna process, education, performance improving
Ph.D. Commercial Law Professor Universidad Antonio de Nebrija, Email Address:

fdieze@nebrija.es
129
Resources of Secondary Teachers Resilience Facing School

Violence in Romania and Quebec
[Resurse mobilizate pentru dezvoltarea rezilienei educaionale
de ctre profesorii care predau n nvmntul secundar din
Qubec i Romnia pentru a surmonta violena colar]
Viorica DOBRIC TUDOR 1
Manon THORT 2
Abstract
Falling into the qualitative research category, this study reports an
investigation on which resources are mobilized by five Quebecer teachers
and five Romanian teachers for the development of educational resilience in
the face of violence occurring in schools, evaluated as a risk factor. The data
analysis reveals the competences' function as resources met in the teachers
mentioned above.
Acting as an exploratory comparative research, this study points out
the influence of different cultures, in terms of perception and impact of the
experience of violence, acting upon professional competences, feelings of
efficiency as well as development and operation of educational resiliency's
process of teachers from both national groups.
This ecosystemic approach allows the enlightenment of
educational resiliency's dynamic process which itself requires resources and
relies on factors that secure its operation.
Keywords:
school violence, professional competences, cultural influences,
process, professional satisfaction, resilience.
Ph.D. Candidate, Universit de Montral, Montral (Qubec), Email Address:

tdviorica@yahoo.com, viorica.dobrica@umontreal.ca
2
Professor, Universit de Montral, Montral (Qubec), Email Address:
manon.theoret@umontreal.ca
1
130

Biography:
Viorica Dobric Tudor: statut: doctorant et charge de cours
Institution: Universit de Montral, Montral, Qubec, Canada; personal
phone no.: 514-344-9425 (universit: 514-343-7035, E-mails :
tdviorica@yahoo.com si viorica.dobrica@umontreal.ca
Manon, Thort : statut : profesor; Institution: Universit de
Montral, Montral, Qubec, Canada; Phone no. 514-343-7035; Emails :
manon.theoret@umontreal.ca
131
The Administrative Organization of Romania in the Period

between the Two World Wars. A Comparative Perspective
[Organizarea administrativ a Romniei n perioada interbelic.
O perspectiv comparat]
Bogdan-Cristian DUMITRU 1
Abstract
The problem of the administrative organization of the state in the
interwar period became a constant of the political and ideological debate.
After the 1918 Union it takes almost seven years until it will be adopted the
first Law of Administrative Unification in June, 25. Despite a strong
opposition to this system of administrative organization, the law continued
the tradition of the French model of centralized administrative organization.
This study aims to analyze in a comparative manner with the French
and Italian administrative systems the organization and functioning of the
administrative-territorial system of interwar Romania. We will analyze the
social, economical, political and cultural causes that have determined the
legislators option for this model, the structure, actors and functioning of the
system from the center-periphery relationship perspective and also the
French and Italian systems influence on the interwar Romanian
administrative organization.
In the Romanian historiography, unlike Western historiography, the
institutional historical studies are only at the beginning. However, the
administrative history studies are not missing. The administrative history has
prevailingly represented the object of study of the administrative law
specialist, so these studies have been written from the laws historys
perspective.
This kind of studies represent an indispensably contribution to the
administrative history, but only a signally legal approach of the formal
legislative framework has not constituted yet an historical interpretation of
the evolution of the administrative organization system and of its historical
functions. Thus, methodologically, I propose a complementary approach,
namely a comparative historical-sociologic analyses of the administrativeterritorial system of interwar Romania.
The comparative analysis of the Romanian administrative-territorial
system structure and functioning with the French and Italian administrative
Associate professor at Faculty of European Studies, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca.
Ph.D. Candidate at Faculty of European Studies under the scientif coordination of Ph.D.
Univ. Prof. Nicolae Pun. The research is financed through a dotoral scholarship POS
DRU. Email Address: bogdan_dumitru_85@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040745.309.296
132

systems (in all these three countries there were in vigour variants of the
Napoleonic administrative system), give us a better insight into the
Romanian legislators option for this system, for its dynamic and functions
in interwar Romania.
Furthermore, the conclusion of the study will enable us to shape a
more balanced and nuanced picture of the relationships between the actors
of the political-administrative centralized systems of these three countries.
Also, this study will help us to better understand the role which the
Napoleonic model of administrative organization has played in the political
evolution of these countries during the nineteenth century and the first part
of the twentieth century.
Keywords:
political-administrative
center-periphery relationships
system,
centralization,
decentralization,
133
Education in Times of War and Emergencies

Marco FANARA 1
Abstract:
This paper explores the many daunting impacts of armed conflict on
childrens education as well as the many encouraging strategies and practices
utilized to meet the needs of children in such circumstances. To do so, this
paper examines the impacts of armed conflict at the family level, the
community level, the local level, the national level and finally the
international level. More specifically this paper examines the seemingly
endless negative effects of armed conflict on childrens education and
therein possible strategies to counter said negative effects
Keywords:
Armed Conflict, Childrens Education
The University for Peace, Email Address: fanara3@hotmail.com
134
Audio-visual Messaje in Postmodernism

[Mesajul Audio-Vizual in Postmodernism]
Maria FLOREA 1
Abstract
In television, the entertainment should answer the relaxation desire
of the people who are stressed out by the job requirements, but also to the
escape desire of the people who are not accustomed to an imaginary
universe. In the long run, the pursuit for celebrity and for fabulous earnings
has allowed that more amateurs than professionals entered this field of
activity. According to the German sociologist and philosopher Jurgen
Habermas, in the industrial democracies, the media has the face of Ianos, the
protective god in the Roman mythology who has two opposed faces: one
looks forward and the other backward. Thus, the media has the role of
illuminating, but also of controlling, of informing, as well as of advertising,
educating and manipulating. Nevertheless in spite of the personalization,
trivialization and commercialization, which are contemporary phenomena, it
is the media the one that supports the democratic reforms and serves as a
basis for the improvement and the stimulation of the civil society. As well,
the media has several times served as a filter through which the state
institutions and the society could be contested and subject to analysis by the
desire to eliminate corruption and to charge the power abuse.
A first hypothesis is that the violence noticed in the television
entertainment is represented mostly by the symbolical violence when
dramatizing any topic and transforming any information into a media show.
Thus these audio-visual programmes emphasize the sensational and exploit
the emotional side of the TV viewer to the prejudice of a rational analysis.
Another hypothesis is that the public who is in front of the TV screen is
induced the idea that the woman is a sexual object, which represents a kind
of manifestation of the symbolical violence that can be constantly seen to
the prejudice of the Romanian audio-visual.
Keywords:
television, communication,
videocracy, public opinion
symbolic
violence,
democracy,
Lecturer Ph.D., Appolonia University Iasi, Tv. Presenter at TVR Iasi, Email Address:
maria.florea@tvr.ro, Phone no. 0040744790286
135
Religion, Ethics and Development Method and

Metamorphosis
V. Basil HANS 1
Abstract
Much has been written about the socio-cultural functions of religion.
It is equally important to discuss the role and impact of religion and ethics
on development and promoting reform in civil society. In today's South
Asian context it is necessary to analyse religion both as a tradition and a
representation of modernity. Otherwise it is difficult to clearly understand
not only the relationship of domination-subordination, together with
processes of exclusions and violence prevalent in the sub-continent but also
the emerging perspectives, lineages and languages of sociology in general
and religion in particular. An attempt is made in this paper to examine the
relationship and to evaluate the processes in the evolving discourse of
sociology. It also analyses the 'moral' as embedded in religion and as an
autonomous category emerging with secularisation. The subtleties of rights
and righteousness in the method and metamorphosis of development are
also dealt with in this paper.
Keywords:
Development, ethics, religion, secular, sociology
MA., M.Phil, PhD., Associate Professor of Economics, St Aloysius Evening College,

Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA, Email Address: vbasilhans@yahoo.com
136
The Entrepreneurial Orientation Can Enhance the Teacher

Performance in Higher Education
Naeem HAYAT 1
Muhammad Tayyeb RIAZ 2
Abstract
The high employers demand for seeking the best candidate to
perform the job with perfect professional skills make the job market
competitive for the job seeking candidates specially the new graduates. The
ease of rapid technology transfer and the continuous weak boundaries of the
international borders compel the job seekers to continuously upgrade his or
her professional skill set.
This also affects the traditional role of the teacher in the class in
which teacher had to meet the demands of the educational institution and
the demands of his class simultaneously. The added dimension would be
that the teacher must have to be fully aware with the changing demands of
the job market, where students have to be employed. This complex situation
requires from the teacher to create a balance between job market,
educational institute and students.
The classic framework of the classroom skills was not enough for
the job market for which students were prepared and where public/private
organizational demands frequently increased and changed. To meet these
divergent demands teacher have to adopt the leadership style and use more
entrepreneurial orientation skills like innovation, pro activeness and risk
taking to play his role successfully.
This paper tries to investigate that how entrepreneurial orientation
skills helps the teacher in higher education to better satisfy their students as
well as make them capable to be employed in the job market. Data has been
collected within the strength of 200 students. The students are perusing the
higher education from business education department of two different
universities. The collected data has been analyzed through SPSS. The
findings will definitely contribute new knowledge in the fields of leadership
and entrepreneurship for teaching at higher education level, especially
educational leadership.
Keywords:
Job market,
Orientation
Teachers,
Higher
Education,
Entrepreneurial
Lecturer, School of management studies The University of Faisalabad, Email Address:

naeem_hayat10@hotmail.com
2 Lecturer, School of management studies The University of Faisalabad
1
137
Value of Plagiarism Electronic Detector Tools in Higher

Education
Ann HILLIARD 1
Abstract:
Today, we live in a fast pace society and professors in academia are
finding that they may not have the ability to check for plagiarism regarding
candidates work with the human eye quickly and timely. Therefore, the use
of plagiarism detectors can be useful to give feedback to candidates in a
timely manner for work improvement. However, a committed and
competent professor will make an effort to meet with candidates face-toface or go online to give written feedback to candidates within five to ten
business days without depending totally on an electronic plagiarism detector
to give feedback on candidates work. Too often, candidates fail to cite
reference information properly, because of the lack of knowledge and not
the desire to cheat. The purpose of this study is to discuss types of
electronic tools that are used globally to detect plagiarism, how these
plagiarism detector tools work, benefits of plagiarism detectors, plagiarism
prevention strategies; privacy act regarding candidates rights and
responsibilities.
Keywords:
plagiarism detectors, feedback, candidates, privacy act
Biography:
Bio of Dr. Ann Toler Hilliard
Dr. Ann Toler Hilliard teaches in the Department of Educational
Studies and Leadership at Bowie State University, U.S.A. The researcher
coordinates activities that provide professional experiences for those
candidates who are seeking the opportunity to serve as a school
administrator.
Education
Ed.D., George Washington University
Consulting Certificate, Harvard University
Advanced Professional Certificate, Maryland State Department of
Education
M.S., Johns Hopkins University M.A.T., Trinity University
B.S., Elizabeth City State University
1 Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Bowie State University, U.S.A., Department of Educational
Leadership, Email Address: draph1@juno.com
138
Risks, Vulnerability and Primary Education in Sudan

Mohamed Hassan Ali HISHAM 1
Abstract:
This paper has dealt with risks and vulnerability facing primary
education in Sudan at micro and macro levels. Sudan is exerting great efforts
to achieve a good progress in primary education system as indicated by
GER, however, the system is still facing weakness in different ways. The
pupils in Sudan suffer from different kinds of risks and vulnerable that our
communities have failed to handle; at home (parents, adults, etc.), at school
(teachers), and at community level (laws, policies, etc.).
The paper has also shown that for children, the experience of risk,
vulnerability at micro and macro levels is shaped by four broad
characteristics. Multidimensionality, changes over the course of pupils,
relational nature, and voicelessness.
Keywords:
risks, vulnerability, primary education, Sudan
University of Khartoum, Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, Dept. Econometrics

and Social Statistics, Email Address: hishamdr@yahoo.com
139
Education and Needs: Against Novelty in Mentality

Alexandru JIVAN 1
Abstract
Paper aims at highlighting certain fundamental elements of an
adequate economic theory and common culture, to be useful in human
universality and in sustainable human development.
Methodologically the paper starts from certain re-viewing remarks
concerning the hierarchy of human needs, on the grounds of actual
nowadays life in globalization and in the crisis.
The angle of several educational principles is approached, with
respect mainly to the high education, and with emphasis on economic
education.
The new market mentality is reviewed under the knowledge society
requirements (human, social, economic, environmental) and in connection
with genuine European roots, including value creation in the original
liberalist view.
A useful approach on three levels of time horizons results, consistent
with issues for long and mainly very long run and with the invoked grounds.
Keywords:
needs pyramid, educational principles, market liberalist mentality,
education, human development
Ph.D. Univ. Prof., Ph.D. in economy, Chairman of Doctoral School from FEAA, UVT,
West University from Timisoara, Faculty of Economa and Business Administration,
Timisoara, Email Address: alexandrujivan@gmail.com, Phone no. 0040721. 114.801
140
Mandatory Use of TurnItIn: The Effect of a Policy

on Reducing Unoriginal Writing in Online Classes
Peter P. KIRIAKIDIS 1
Abstract
An accredited online university in the United States of America
implemented TurnItIn similarity index rates in online classes in order to
reduce unoriginal writing of online graduate and postgraduate students. The
research problem was the lack of empirical research-based findings on the
implementation of TurnItIn on reducing unoriginal academic work in online
classes. The purpose of this research was to examine the similarity index
rates, found in each TurnItIn report of each students assignment submitted
to www.TurnItIn.com in order to minimize unoriginal student writing. This
study was grounded in the social learning theory of Vygotsky. The research
question that guided this study was What is the impact of the
implementation of TurnItIn on reducing unoriginal writing in online classes
of graduate and postgraduate students? Archived data containing the
similarity index rates of TurnItIn reports were collected for two cohorts of
111 graduate and 107 postgraduate students before and after the
implementation of TurnItIn reports in online classes. The findings revealed
that the implementation of TurnItIn reduced unoriginal writing in graduate
and postgraduate online classes. A significant difference between the means
of the two cohorts of similarity index rates of TurnItIn was found. The
empirical evidence was that the implementation of TurnItIn has helped the
online institution at the research site to reduce unoriginal writing. Education
stakeholders may use these findings to improve academic integrity.
Keywords:
online education, graduate and postgraduate online courses, online
institutions, academic integrity, plagiarism, policies on reducing unoriginal
writing, staff development programs for online faculty members, TurnItIn
reports, similarity index rates
Biography
Dr. Peter Kiriakidis, PhD has expertise in higher education
educational leadership: (a) chairing comprehensive examinations and
PhD. University Research Reviewer, Walden University, Email Address:
KiriakidisPeter@yahoo.com.
2 Research paper pertains to the Online Institute of Higher Education and Academic
Integrity
1
141

dissertation committees; (b) developing curriculum and academic programs;
and (c) teaching graduate courses in research, educational leadership in
higher education, educational and information technology, online
technology, e-commerce, software development, and information systems.
Peter is a reviewer of many academic journals. He has presented a plethora
of
research
studies
nationally
and
internationally.
Email:
142
Mandatory Online Discussions: The Effect of a

Postgraduate Policy on Communication Between Faculty
Members and Graduate Learners
Peter KIRIAKIDIS 1
Kelley Jo Walters 2 3
Abstract
A graduate-level online university in northwest United States of
America implemented a policy to help graduate learners increase their
interactions with faculty and peers. No research had been conducted at the
research site to examine the effects of the policy on the communication
between faculty and graduate learners. In order to gain some empirical
evidence that the policy was effective, the researchers measured the
frequency of postings posted by faculty and graduate learners during the
duration of randomly selected online classes before and after the
implementation of the policy. Grounded in the social learning theory of
Vygotsky, the goal of this research was to determine the relationship of the
frequency of communication between faculty and graduate learners.
Archived data were collected for two cohorts of 235 graduate learners and
16 faculty members from before and after the implementation of the policy.
Content analysis procedures were used on the computer-mediated
transcripts of the online discussions between faculty and graduate learners
within several graduate courses in education offered entirely online. An
independent sample t test was utilized to analyze the data and a significant
difference between the means of faculty and student postings was found in
the two cohorts. The empirical evidence was that the communication policy
increased the frequency of posting between faculty and graduate learners.
The results of this study can be used by online faculty and university
administrators to support continued advocacy for professional development
for faculty within the field of online courses.
Keywords:
online universities, online discussions, communication, policy, online
learning environment, intervention and professional development programs,
graduate learners
PhD. University Research Reviewer, Walden University,

2 PhD Program Director, Walden University
3 Research Paper Pertains to the Institute of Higher Education
1
Email
Address:
143

Biography
Peter Kiriakidis, PhD has expertise in higher education educational
leadership: (a) chairing comprehensive examinations and dissertation
committees; (b) developing curriculum and academic programs; and (c)
teaching graduate courses in research, educational leadership in higher
education, educational and information technology, online technology, ecommerce, software development, and information systems. Peter is a
reviewer of many academic journals. He has presented a plethora of research
studies nationally and internationally. Email: KiriakidisPeter@yahoo.com.
Kelley Jo Walters, PhD, has over 20 years of educational experience
ranging from classroom and graduate level teaching to administration of K12 and Higher Education. She is currently a Program Director for Walden
Universitys Ed.D. Programs in Teacher Leadership, Curriculum,
Instruction, and Assessment, and Special Education. Kelleys primary
research interests include online teaching and learning, curriculum, literacy,
and traditional instructional practices. She has written numerous articles.
144
The Erasmus Program in Polish Press

Katarzyna TOOCZKO 1
Abstract
The Erasmus program has been working since 25 years. In this long
period almost 3 millions of student have been leaving their mother
universities and studied or worked from three to twelve months in other
country. Poland enrolled on the program in 1998 and every single year
number of students going on Erasmus is rising. On first year it was only 46
people, in 2010/2011 over 14 thousands from 315 Polish universities. What
had a great influence on that case was press publications describing the idea
of Erasmus program, experiences of Erasmus student from Poland and
possibility to join the program.
In this presentation I would like to show how the idea of Erasmus
program is being shown in Polish press. Texts which are analysed come
from Polish dailies and were published between the 1st of January 2012 and
the 30th of April 2012. Under analysis would be taken the general view of
articles, the types of journalistic species, topics considered in articles, the
accuracy of texts, the exposure of them, factual content. What is more, the
important part of analysis would be the way of reporting, how emotional is
the language of articles and the atmosphere of texts.
The quantitative and qualitative analysis made by me would present
how important is the press and its relations in integrated Europe. Informing
about Erasmus program leads to raise in number of Erasmus students. It
changes mentality of young people living in whole Europe and brings great
results in integrating the society of European Union.
Keywords:
Erasmus program, dailies, Poland, analysis
Biography:
Katarzyna Tooczko is a master student on two faculties at
University of Warsaw in Poland. She is on the second year of master Polish
philology and writes her master thesis about the traveling diaries of women
from XVIII century. What is more, she studies on the first year of master
journalism and social communication. Katarzyna Tooczko is member of
The Scientific Circle of Foreign Media System in Institute of Journalism of
University of Warsaw which presents the specificity of the foreign media
systems, including its political and legal considerations. She organized
Media meetings about Romanian and Bulgarian medias for the students of
University. In 2012 she is an Erasmus student of Universitatea Alexandru
Ioan Cuza in Iasi in Romania.
1
University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
145
Teachers Professional Qualifications from an ESP

Perspective: Challenging the Traditional EFL Context
Nawal MEBITIL 1
Abstract
In an attempt at maintaining balance between the requirements of
different situations; being academic or professional and the increasingly
developed demands of technology, economy and sciences, ESP courses, in
Algeria, are implemented nationwide and are believed to be of worthy value
for ESP learners. However, language teachers who are considered as keyparameters in the ESP teaching situation claim their inadequacy for the
teaching positions they are, currently, taking part in as they consider
themselves as non-specialized teachers who have just shifted to a strange
land. Hence, throughout this paper, and after presenting and discussing the
results of a careful analysis of the language teachers wants and lacks which
has been conducted at the level of Abou-Bekr Belkaid University of
Tlemcen , ALGERIA, ESP practitioners are called to adopt positive
attitudes toward the fields they are concerned with, to better articulate and
respond to their learners needs. To meet this end, language teachers are
invited to be ready to accept change and innovation as re-considering their
qualifications for a better professionalization of the whole process of
language teaching for, more or less, a definite purpose, should take place as
an urgent response.
Keywords:
EFL, ESP, language teachers, qualifications, practitioners.
Biography
Nawal MEBITIL is Assistant Professor at MASCARA University.
She Holds a Magister in ESP from TLEMCEN University. Her research
interests include language-learning motivation, teachers development,
teaching strategies, needs analysis, and factors that affect ESP teaching/
learning process.
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Assistant Professor, department of English Language and Literature,

Mascara University, MASCARA, ALGERIA, e-mail: mebitilnawal@hotmail.fr, phone:
00213 772 288 425
146
Phenomenological Attitude and Scientific Rationality at

Edmund Husserl
Nela MIRCIC 1
Abstract
Phenomenology constitutes an important stage in the evolution of
the interrelation between philosophy and science in the field of knowledge.
With the unprecedented development of the scientific knowledge (during
the eighteenth century and nineteenth century), thinkers began to pay
attention to the issues raised by phenomenology. Edmund Husserl founded
phenomenology on the pressing need to solve a scientific problem: he noted
that formal logic at that time could not support the extremely high-level
acquired by mathematics. Seeking a solution to this problem, concluded that
mathematical entities, irreducible to the knowledge obtained by inductivedeductive method, are purely logical in nature and a part of the sphere of
pure ideas existing in themselves. Thus, Husserl conceived the existence of
pure ideas, which are irreducible, located before any other existence and are
located at the level of pure conscience. As a consequence, a new theoretical
structure called phenomenology was born, studying intentional
consciousness that develops knowledge through aiming. Therefore, Husserl
was concerned with conscience and its purpose in the process of knowledge.
Analyzing his argument, we note that Husserl uses explanations
provided by psychology, found itself in a continuous becoming; the
psychological explanations of the concrete conscience are undertaken by
Husserl, within pure conscience (existing beyond the concrete, at the level of the
pure existence), he conceived. This proves that this philosophical system is
configured around the problems that science confronts, and supports
science in consolidating its arguments. Rigorous science the one identified by
Husserl, as the perfect philosophy, is in fact a psychological explanation
(more exactly, an explanation of the cognitive psychology) at the level of
pure conscience. Husserl covers a trajectory going from the concrete to the
abstract and again back to the concrete, using the reasoning tools of
psychology. The methodology of the establishing the phenomenological
truth implies the phenomenological reduction, developed in stages, involving
also the abilities of the human psychic to make abstraction of diverse
elements and emphasize what is essential for a phenomenon. He started
from the functions of reasoning, emphasized by psychology, to create a
philosophical system able to explain the problems of science. This thinker
knew to elaborate the phenomenological attitude on the foundation of the
Lecturer Ph.D., Spiru Haret University, Faculty of Sociology Psychology Bucharest,
Email Address: nelamircica@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040724 632 467
147

scientific rationality and to consolidate as well philosophy as science, aware
of their interdependence and proving it, too.
Keywords:
phenomenological reduction, pure
perception, sight, aim, rigorous science.
conscience,
intentionality,
Biography:
Nela Mircic is a Bachelor of Philosophy and Sociology,
Psychology, at the University of Bucharest (1999 respectively 2000), Masters
(2000), and Doctor of Philosophy (2009) at the Institute for Philosophy and
Psychology Constantin Radulescu-Motru of the Romanian Academy, with the
thesis entitled The paradigm of intentionality in french contemporariy phenomenology.
She is assistant professor, since 2003 and since 2006 lecturer , nominated
and titled at the Faculty of Sociology, Psychology, Spiru Haret University.
Numerous studies published in the Revista de filosofie of the Romanian
Academy and in several journals of Addleton Academic Publishers, author
of five books, including Phenomenological Paradigms (2012), Phenomenological
Thinking and Intentionality (2009), Introduction to Social Policies (2008). Scientific
papers at national and international conferences, workshps and symposia.
148
Implications of Globalization on Education

Srikant MISRA 1
Abstract
The term globalization means integration of economies and
societies through cross country flows of information, ideas, technologies,
goods, services, capital, finance and people. Cross border integration can
have several dimensions cultural, social, political and economic. In other
words The total education system of the world under one roof it requires
the unification of teaching curriculum, methodology and up gradation of
knowledge and system to remain in the context for efficiency and
effectiveness by which transformation of knowledge in justified manner to
attain the goals of life.
This qualitative study is an attempt to describe the concepts of an
education, teacher education, in the context of globalization. Globalization
has containing both opportunities and threats for national development.
This paper challenges the determinants of educational policy and argues that
any country will need to develop its own national approach to modernizing
education in light of the global context.
This paper considers the global transformations require that people
develop new skills, new experiences, new knowledge and schools have an
important role in this sense. The role of the teachers and the way they
should teach in this new high-tech global economy, people are learning in
new ways for new purposes and schools and teachers should adapt
themselves for this new reality and rearrange their skills, achievements and
previous experiences to adapt themselves to new opportunities.
Keywords:
Globalization,
development.
International
influence,
Teachers
Education,
Biography:
Mr. Srikant Misra has studied Master of Business Administration
(MBA) from University of Lucknow, Lucknow, and Graduation from
affiliated College of Kanpur University, Diploma in Pharmacy (D.Pharm)
from Drug Control Department Karnataka affiliated college at Bagalkot and
Diploma in Computer Application (DCA) from Lucknow center. Presently
Pursuing PhD in Management (Research Scholar) from Integral University
Research Scholar , Faculty of Management and Research, Integral University, Kursi Road,
Lucknow-226026
UP
India,
Email
ID:
srikantmisra@rediffmail.com,
srikant.misra15@gmail.com, Mobile No: 09919494606, 09305455902
149

Lucknow, and having experience about seven years in the Academic
profession at university level.
Presently I am the active member of various bodies such as
Lucknow management Association (LMA), University News (A journal of
Higher Education-AIU), IUP Journal of Higher Education, Journal of
Education Planning and Administration (JEPA), Indian Hospital Pharmacist
Association (IHPA) and Reader Digest. Attended and organized various
conferences, seminars, Workshop at National Level, Approximately Six
research papers have been published/ Presented/communicated.
150
Psychological Profile of Adolescent Internet-User

Olga MOROZAN 1
Abstract
Nowadays the intense pace of information technology development
continuously contributes to creating and providing an infinite number of
online applications and services. This way, the status of a man changed from
a computer operator into an active Internet user. Recent statistics data show
that more than half of the worlds population spends their time online for a
period of time ranging from 4 hours to 8 hours and more, and the most
frequent user is the adolescent. These data inform about the existence of an
adolescents preference for the Internet environment, leading to form a
specific online behaviour between the limits of norm and addiction.
Consequently, it was opened a wide area of socio-humanitarian research with
the main goal to study the phenomenon of the adolescents Internet use.
The current research conceptualizes the use of the Internet as a complex
human activity influenced by personality characteristics. The experimental
group consisted of 200 adolescents of 15-19 years who were given a
questionnaire on their online activity and time they spend online per day.
Consequently, based on online time indices 2 groups of subjects (each by 50)
were selected to study their personality profiles in terms of normal rate of
time (0-3 hour daily) , high level (4-5 hours per day) and very high (6-10
hours). As a result, it was stated that the character of the adolescents virtual
activity, which may vary from normal browsing or chatting to exaggerate
virtual gambling, depends on his/her personality profile, showing the most
representative differences in terms of the traits such as Shyness and
Boldness; Inhibition and Dynamics, Trust and Suspicion, Anxiety and
Adaptability, Self-Power, Self-Assessment, and Ego identity Status.
Keywords:
Internet, adolescent, online activity, addiction, personality profile.
Biography:
Olga Morozan keeps the position of a scientific researcher within the
International Relationships and Technological Transfer Service from the
Institute of Education Sciences from Moldova. Also, she works as a Senior
Lecturer at the Foreign Languages Department within the same institution.
She graduated the State Pedagogical University Ion Creanga from
Chsinau, Moldova in 1998, obtaining license in 2 specializations: Psychology
1 MA, PhD student, the Institute of Educational Sciences, Chisinau, Moldova, Email
Address: olga.morozan@yahoo.com, (373)69126428
151

and English Teaching. Within more than 18 years of work experience she
has been trying to join effectively and successfully these two domains ,
being hired in many educational institutions and projects such as school, US
Embassy grant- programs, the Institute of Education Sciences, where she
kept the positions of an English teacher, a project coordinator, a senior
lecturer and a scientific researcher. To keep her professional background
updated Olga Morozan got a Master degree (in 2010) in Social Psychology,
became a PhD student at the Institute of Education Sciences; attended a lot
of workshops, seminars and trainings organized by APLE (English Teachers
Association) and participated at the international conferences organized by
the Institute of Educational Sciences and the Moldovan State University.
152
NLP or The Study of Human Excellence

Mihaela Amalia PETROVICI 1
Abstract
The interpersonal relation is absolutely necessary and is situated on
the basis of social life. Whether it is about the partner, friends or
acquaintances, or we refer to a certain audience, organisation or institution,
we need to establish relationships with them. In this regard, knowing the
interlocutor can appeal to the finest and subtlest strategies, among which
NLP or neuro-linguistic programming stand out, as the most important.
This methodology proposes models and strategies that can be
applied in interpersonal communication that focuses on influencing and
streamlining the other persons behaviour and, implicitly, optimizing the
interpersonal relation. The ultimate observation of neuro-linguistic
programming refers to the fact that, within different senses a person has
(sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste) we have a favorite communication
channel, which is the basis of our system of representing reality. Neurolinguistic programming promotes the interpersonal relation as an important
step in setting an efficient communication. Our point of view is that the
relation created through communication has a higher importance than the
message itself, because the quality of the relation between the interlocutors
gives quality to communication. To this regard, neuro-linguistic
programming proves to be a highly useful instrument that can be applied
successfully in this case. NLP allows us to identify the language that is
characteristic to senses, which is hidden in the interlocutors dominant
communication channel, with an attentive and fine analysis of words and
phrases that he uses. Thus a rational mode of understanding the self, the
world, the relationships and the ways of thinking and individual actions
develops. These are sufficient arguments to explore it in the following lines.
Keywords:
NLP, relationship, personality, strategies of communication, human
excellence, methodology.
1
PhD Lecturer, Vasile
amalia.petrovici@yahoo.com
Alecsandri
University
of
Bacu,
Romania
E-mail:
153
Applied communication and creativity: The Transactional

Analysis and The Neuro Linguistic Programming
[Comunicare aplicat i creativitate: AT i NLP]
Doina Mihaela POPA 1 2
Abstract
From an interdisciplinary perspective, this paper aims at analyzing
the process and the strategic importance of the creativity within the concept
of applied communication. Based on a comparative type of reflection, the
research deals with the thorough study in the field of the New
Communication: The Transactional Analysis and NeuroLinguistic
Programming. The recent studies of applied communication reveal the
importance of creativity within the inter-subjective communication in
general, and within the applied communication, in particular. Psychoanalysis and,
more recently, AT and NLP have proved the importance of the sensitive
channels in the process of communication. This unique feature of every
human interaction depends every time on our social and cultural filters, on
our inborn psychological and physiological scales and on our own typical
manner to integrate our present or repressed emotions, our social/cultural
affiliation.
Keywords:
applied communication, creativity, interdisciplinarity, sensitive
channels, cultural filters.
Biography:
Born to 23 febr. 1959, divorced, 2 suns (David and Andrew),
Associate Professor, PhD, University P.Andrei and UAIC Iasi, Postph.D. research in the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources
Development (SOP HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by
theRomanian Government under the contract number POSDRU ID 56815,
Filiale of Roumanian Academy, Iasi.
Associate Prof. Ph.D., University Petre Andrei, Iasi, Romania, Email Address:
doinamihaelapopa@yahoo.fr, Phone no. 0040722624234
2 Acknowledgementul : This paper was made within The Knowledge Based Society Project
supported by the Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development (SOP
HRD), financed from the European Social Fund and by the Romanian Government under
the contract number POSDRU/89/1.5/S/56815, iar singura afiliere de dupa nume
(conf.univ.dr. POPA DOINA MIHAELA ) sa fie: Bursier post doctoral al Academiei
Romane, Filiala Iasi.
1
154
Techniques and Intervention Strategies for Vulnerable

Social Childrens
[Tehnici i strategii de intervenie n cazul copiilor social
vulnerabili]
Rzvan POPOVICI DIACONU 1
Abstract
Problem-solving systems and actions for children from
disadvantaged backgrounds reflects the need and interest of researchers,
practitioners in preventing and combating social risk situations in the
following categories of children: poor social backgrounds, with physical or
mental abuse in the family, etc. Article entitled "Techniques and intervention
strategies for vulnerable children" is based on studies and specialized
activities conducted within the field of non-governmental organizations
from Iasi city.
This project mainly use specialized techniques of social intervention:
intervention in the home, appreciative intervention, focusing on
opportunities, they are found in terms of social utility for children vulnerable
social groups. Novelty of the project is to develop specialized intervention
techniques applied on children from backgrounds marked by vulnerability.
In conclusion, intervention strategies for children vulnerable social
category will consider both prevention and combat cases of abuse and
violation of rights, interests and values specific to this social category.
Keywords:
Social politics, public
interventions, social relations.
politics,
children,
abuses,
strategical
1 Ph.D. Candidate, A.I.Cuza University, Iasi, Faculty of Philosphy and Social-Political

Sciences, Email Address: rzvn_dcn@yahoo.com
155
Abuse and Sexual Trauma in the Romanian Communist

Concentration Space
[Abuz i traum sexual n spaiul concentraionar comunist
romnesc]
Dumitru-Ctlin ROGOJANU 1
Alexandra-Raluca POP (cs. ROGOJANU) 2
Abstract
The present study proposes mainly to emphasize the sexual abuses
perpetrated by some members of the repressive communist apparatus
(torturers) against detainees (men and women). Such aspects have been
prohibited for a long time in the Romanian historiography or, at best, were
little dealt with by researchers.
From the outset, it has been obvious that the few sources available
cannot allow us to compile an exhaustive study on this subject matter.
However, based on prison memoirs, official documents, and the general and
specialized literature, the present research proposal aims at revealing some of
the forms of harassment and sexual abuse perpetrated by torturers in the
communist prisons and penitentiaries, such as: indecent proposals, obscene
caresses, rape as a method of torture causing deep physical, psychic and
moral trauma when rememorized by the victims, the language with strong
sexual connotations used by the guards and elements of their voyeuristic
behaviour etc.
Keywords:
abuse and sexual trauma, Romanian communist concentration space,
torturers, detainees.
PhD in History, Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Faculty of History and

Philosophy, Email Address: rogojanucatalindumitru@yahoo.com
2 1st year Student in Biblioteconomy - Information and Documentation Science, BabeBolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Faculty of History and Philosophy, Email
Address: alexandra_raluca_2006@yahoo.com
1
156
Between Forgiveness and Unforgiveness. The Position of

the Former Political Detainees towards the Communist
Torturers
[ntre ieratre i neiertare. Poziia fotilor deinui fa de
torionarii comuniti]
Dumitru-Ctlin ROGOJANU 1
Alexandra-Raluca POP (cs. ROGOJANU) 2
Abstract
The present scientific endeavor puts forward an extremely sensitive
topic related to the delicate process of the condemnation of communism
in Romania, a process which started officially in 2006. However, this act of
purification and, implicitly, of rejection of the burdensome communist past
from a moral, righteous and less vindictive standpoint started to take shape
in the testimonies, depositions, memoirs and oral history interviews of the
former political detainees both before and after 1989. In short, the present
study analyses the attitude of the memoirists of the Romanian Gulag
towards their prison torturers, an attitude which, according to the degree of
physical and psychic pain inflicted on them, can be either firmly unforgiving
or more tolerant and even forgiving. Throughout this study, the
interpretation of this topic will rely on good quality sources knowing that
detention memoirs are somehow considered biased. However, we see them
as a complementary and evocative source in the process of revealing and
assuming the traumas of communism. In the long run, the act of forgiving
or unforgiving the communist torturers is a process which cannot disregard
the attitude of the detainees, the intensity of the traumas they suffered, their
feelings of humiliation, their religious convictions or their social and family
backgrounds.
Keywords:
the condemnation of communism, the act of forgiving and
unforgiving, the Romanian Gulag, communist torturers, detention memoirs
PhD in History, Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Faculty of History and

Philosophy, E-mail: rogojanucatalindumitru@yahoo.com
2 1st year Student in Biblioteconomy - Information and Documentation Science, BabeBolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Faculty of History and Philosophy, E-mail:
alexandra_raluca_2006@yahoo.com
1
157
Critical Thinking as a Methodology for the Writing of

Informative Essays in the Health Sciences Area
Silvia RUBN 1
Abstract
The academic program of Language and Critical Thinking pretends
that the students through the methodology of its five dimensions, can
analyze, present, produce and discuss about expositive and argumentative
texts. This can be because of we work with reading, writing, and oral
communication strategies, also we work under a metacognitive proposal in
order to develop the language skills needed for their academic and work life
in the area of Health Sciences.
Through the units that make up the program, the student works with
a specific methodology from the different levels of thinking (automatic,
systemic or critical one); after that the student recognizes the initial level she
or he has in writing expository essay topics of health sciences through a
guided diagnosis. Subsequently, the student by his or her own, he or she
plans a scientific informative essay through the choice of topic, sources, the
definition of discursive strategies and the general thematic structure to
elaborate the draft (protocol) of the writing in the health area. The student
also works with drafts, solves syntaxes and style exercises, organization of
ideas and informative sources in order to improve the text of his or her
essay; the student also checks it in its entirety the essay and finally this is
presented in a final version, the same that will be defended in an oral
examination.
The proposed methodology establishes patterns of textual
production, from introductory representation to the expositive and
argumentative essay text, with the general characteristics of scientific
communication. This could be, because the material is organized to work in
steps which goes from the analysis of models of texts of this genus, to the
ultimate purpose: through the process of writing lead the student to the
production of an informative text thinking always in the auditorium (reader).
During the course the teacher provides enough elements to address the
development of the text, without forgetting the relationship with a particular
item in the student discipline: Medicine. During the process of the prewriting, writing and post-writing, as part of the methodology we uses a
rubric for evaluation with the criteria for the final writing product, so the
students can know and understand better the evaluation in the different
stages of the production of this genre at the University.
Educative Technology Master Degree, Full Time Teacher of Language and Critical
Thinking, UPAEP, Puebla, Mexico, silvia.rubin@upaep.mx, (52) (222) 2299400 7162
158

Keywords:
critical thinking, informative essay, medicine, popular science.
Biography:
Silvia Rubn
In 2002 she finished his undergraduate degree in Communication
Sciences. Years later, with such profile and teaching interest she entered to a
Master in Educational Technology. With such concerns she worked as editor
of news in Televisa Puebla in 1999, later she worked as Professor of Italian
and French in the ULAC, where also she developed the project of an
internal multilingual magazine. For 2002 she returned to the scene of the
television as editor of the news in its evening broadcast. In 2003 she joined
to work at UPAEP in the Department of Communication Sciences as
coordinator of the E-journalism Diploma. The same year she began working
as a College Professor, teaching courses as Morphsyntax, Writing,
Methodology of research, Document Writing, Educational Communication
and Organizational Communication Workshop. Also she combined teaching
activity with radio co-host newscast "Puebla in the news" one.
In 2004 she made a research on Intercultural Journalism which
earned her to be in the ICOM Conference held in Havana, Cuba with the
presentation of a paper. For 2006 she made a stay in Barcelona, Spain. In
the middle of that year she returned to Mexico and started to work again at
the TV station, first as a producer of news in the morning; then as a
producer of contents and cultural and research reporter for the sections for
the TV magazine program and the discussion program respectively.
In 2007 she began collaborating with the Language and Critical
Thinking Program in UPAEP. And since August 2008 she taught the subject
of Methods of study for the development of language and thinking to the
Online modality. Shes still working at UPAEP with LPC Program in an
specific project with medical students.
159
Ethical Counseling. Methodological Framework

Antonio SANDU 1
Abstract
Ethical counseling is a process which facilitates the identification
of ethical dilemmas that individuals and organizations are facing and ways
out of these dilemmas which are congruent with the shared vision of the
subject or organization.
We will build in what follows, a model of ethical counseling practice
derived from client-centered paradigm and the problem solving-oriented
paradigm. We mention that model of philosophical ethical counseling
focused on solving ethical dilemmas represents a conversion of social
practice in terms of counseling of ethics. Counseling of ethics, in the version
proposed by us, has the advantage of a phased strategy to solve the ethical
dilemma that can be applied by an ethical counselor after approapriate
training.
In building this model we started from the works of Charles Zastrow
(1987) regarding counseling in social work. We will reformulate the general
principles of practice in the form of methodological lines in ethical
counseling centered on ethical dilemma. Although we are using a model of
clinical ethics we consider it valid for Philosophical Practice, and also for
various forms of ethical counseling in business, in universities, in public
institutions, etc.
Keywords:
ethical counseling, methodological framework, ethical dilemma
Ph.D., Postdoctoral fellow financed by The Management Authority for the Sectorial
Operational Program Development of Human Resources within the project
Postdoctoral studies in the domain of ethics in health policies at Gr. T. Popa University
of Medicine and Pharmacy from Iasi. Project funded from the Social European Fund
through the Sectorial Operational Program Development of Human Resources 20072013. Priority axis 1: Education and professional training in support of economical growth
and development of knowledge-based society. Main domain of intervention: 1.5 Doctoral
and postdoctoral programs in support of research. Title of the project: Postdoctoral
studies in the domain of ethics in health policies. Contract Code:
POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879; Lecturer PhD at Mihail Kogalniceanu University from Iasi;
Chairman of Lumen Publishing House, Address: Tepes Voda, OP 3, CP 780, Iasi, Romania,
E-mail: antonio1907@yahoo.com
160

Acknowledgements
This paper is supported by European Social Fund through Sectoral
Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007-2013 (SOP
HRD), under the project "Postdoctoral Studies in the Field of Health Policy
Ethics, implemented by "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and
Pharmacy Iasi, Romania, contract number POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879.
This paper doesnt obligatory represent the official opinion of
European Union or Romanian Government.
161
Going Back to School: A University-Middle School Civics

Partnership
Robbin SMITH 1
Abstract
Many scholars, governmental agencies, and foundations have urged
institutions of higher education to refocus their energies on the creation of
responsible and engaged citizens. In response, some universities sought to
expand their curricula and to refine their mission statements and university
strategic plans to take into consideration the new emphasis on engagement.
These efforts proved largely fruitful, but often relied on creating discipline
specific community partnerships that did little to bridge disciplinary
divisions or to reach out beyond traditional partners. While the colleges and
universities adapted their curricula in response to the call for greater levels of
community engagement, elementary and secondary schools were in the
midst of a serious civic crisis. Schools eliminated their civics courses and
dramatically decreased their instruction in social studies as well in response
to the narrow focus on math and language arts in the No Child Left Behind
requirements and budget shortfalls in school coffers. These school districts
found that social studies and civics education were luxuries that they could
little afford. Thus, just as institutions of higher education were attempting
to reinvigorate their own engagement with the community and develop
reciprocal relationships with their community partners, elementary and
middle schools were looking for opportunities to bring civics and
engagement into the classroom at little cost to them. This paper will
examine one engagement model that may prove useful to other campuses
wrestling with the issues of reciprocity and engagement and highlight some
of the challenges and benefits of such work.
Keywords:
Civic Education, Community Engagement, and Higher Education
Ph.D. Department of Political Science Central Connecticut State University 1615 Stanley
Street New Britain, CT 06050 smithr@ccsu.edu
162
Means of Evaluating the Dynamics of Health Systems

[Modalitati de evaluare a dinamiciisistemelor de sanatate]
Ovidiu STAMATIN 1
Alisa NICA 2
Abstract
Health systems presents as a whole in a state of unprecedented crisis,
while physicians are located in the center of reforms aimed at implementing
malpractice, inequities in access to health services, decreasing funding
settlements and increased insurance requirements from the administrative
system.
Meanwhile, the current situation represents a true moment from the
standpoint of opportunities towards evolution of medical changes and
system modernization.This is reflected by the need to install social dialogue,
collective interdisciplinary collaboration, seeking the opportunity to shape an
efficient and proper evolution of medical care.
In the past, health systems approached change by implementing best
practice guidelines, this perspective focuses on problems solving path from
assessment,diagnosis, treatment to quantification of results, medical and
financial.
In the center of medical services and organizational practice
attention has beendirected towards identifying the negative things instead of
construction anddevelopment of positive elements, so the system and
doctors are forced to rethink the approach.
To obtain changes of substance, sustainable in contemporary
medical practice, is required that the organizations work together, a
multidisciplinary approach of the professional teams to change gears from
analysis of problems and exercise of control on the system, to positive
achievement of the objectives through collaboration at all levels.
Since all the major changes include the development of greatefficient
energy,organisationally and at personal level, the manner of hierarchical
approach by sending orders and exercising control may be inadequate
compared to innovation, adaptingand creativity of the construction, which
can provide the foundations forsuccessful evolution of health system.
Ph.D. Candidate, Doctor, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Iasi,
Petre Andrei University, Email Address: ovidiustamatin@yahoo.com
2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iai
1
163

Keywords:
health systems; appreciative inquiry; qualitative dialogue
Biography:
Dr.Stamatin'sis a medical doctor with clinical activities which revolve
around evaluating and treating patients. As a doctor, he manages a wide
variety of problems relating to the mouth, teeth, jaws, and facial regions. He
is also a scientific researcher, both in the field of bone reconstruction
techniques and also in health policies, regarding the implementation of
medical science in current practice and social inequities,aimed at improving
the care of the groups targeted bysocial unfairness from the medical point
of view. He is particularly interested in placing health equity as the central
goal of health systems requires substantial and coordinated reorientation
through re-framing of policy and institutional transformation.
164
Do not Kill the Women! A Feminist Cry from Stifled

Romania
[Nu ucidei femeile! Un strigt feminist dintr-o Romnie

sufocat]
Briena STOICA 1
Abstract
Examining the perspective, motives, themes, narrative strategies
deployed, looking at the literary genres that are employed, the literature
written by women is entitled to be treated as a separate category in the field
of literature, especially under the influence on feminist literary theory. The
image of the woman in the novel Do not kill the women! by Maria Luiza
Cristescu defies the literary conventions which present women as dolls,
lacking self-will, manifesting a passivity that presents her as vulnerable,
dutiful. In the mean time, the prose is not infused by the socialist vision and
it does not include categories as the virile communist illegalist, the sturdy
farm truck-driver and the comrades that populated the realist-socialist
novels.
This study aims at investigating to what degree this novel of MariaLuiza Cristescu, which came out in 1970, illustrates certain particularities
considered to be specific to feminine literature. With Do not kill the women!,
Maria Luiza Cristescu proves that feminine literature is not just a false
concept, the writer herself proving to be an example of this type of
literature. Instinct, candor, sentimentalism, subjectivity, femininity, all these
traits, considered by the critic Eugen Lovinescu as specific to feminine
literature can be detected in this novel. Nevertheless, the lucid perspective of
Raluca on her own femininity, reminds of Freud and his malicious
commentary that being a woman implies a guilt that has to be atoned for.
Raluca is loved by Radu just because she is a poor woman.
The novel is a feminist manifesto which deconstructs prejudice,
illuminates new angles of femininity, as well as conveying a revised identity
of women. The gallery of women portraits who orbit around Raluca,
includes women who follow the prescriptions of the society in which they
live, conforming to their roles in such degree that they become caricatures,
illustrating furthermore, the ancestral images of women as witches, fairies,
wise, old women.
PhD student, 2nd year, POSDRU scholarship, University of Lucian Blaga, Sibiu, The
Faculty of Letters, under the guidance of prof.dr. Ghe Manolache, Email
Address: briena_stoica@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040726221422.
165

Considering the fact that in the communist period, feminism as a
movement was completed annihilated, and the impact of the second wave of
feminism was hindered, we appreciate the novel of Maria-Luiza Cristescu as
being revolutionary in its fresh, non-cliched perspective as it questions
radically the condition of women.
Keywords:
feminism, literature, women writers, communism, identity.
Biography:
Briena Stoica is currently completing her doctorate programme in
literature, and the main focus of her research is the prose written by women
and their contribution to the modernist literary canon. The investigation
looks closely at the work of seven women writers that activated in the
literary field between 1960 and 1989. Thus the impact of communist
ideology on the feminine prose is approached as well.
Briena was awarded the title of Master of Arts in the filed of British
and American Cultural Studies in 2005, by Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu.
Her dissertation, entitled Holocaust Representations between Realism and
Postmodernism, involved a comparative study of the writers Elie Wiesel and
Art Spiegelman.
Currently she is teaching English as a Foreign Language at the Papiu
Ilarian National College in Targu Mures.
166
To Give and to Make: Identity Images and Adaptive

Strategies Among Older Rural Women
Daniela OITU 1
Camelia BRSAN
Abstract
There are few studies concerning the perceptions of elderly
individuals living in the Romanian rural environment have regarding their
needs, way of life and available resources. We start from the assumption
that the status the elderly have in society is not given only by biological and
social factors, but also by subjective factors, by the way they perceive
themselves, the way they perceive their own life, family, community. The
study is based on four interviews with elderly women living in the rural
environment. The paradigm is constructivist. The data was collected through
a semi-structured interview, being then analysed and interpreted through a
thematic contents analysis. The results highlight the diverse adaptation
strategies used by individuals living in the rural environment, depending on
their level of education and on their previous line of work:
farmer/smallholder and intellectual/teacher. The theories of activity and
continuity can be found in the perceptions of elderly farmers. Elderly
intellectuals have also gone through a stage of social disengagement. The
result underline the fact that each of the elderly individuals interviewed has
developed adaptive strategies in accordance to their identity-related image
and to their previous career. The research is exploratory, qualitative, and its
results could be starting points for studying and capitalising on the resources
these individuals have, as well as for developing policies and actions
concerning this life stage.
Keywords:
adaptive strategies upon retirement, elderly intellectuals, elderly
farmers, elderly women, rural environment, identity-related image
Lecturer
Ph.D.,
Al.
I.
Cuza
University,
Iasi,
Email
Address:
danielag_soitu@yahoo.co.uk, Postdoctoral fellow financed by The Management Authority
for the Sectorial Operational Program Development of Human Resources within the
project Postdoctoral studies in the domain of ethics in health policies at Gr. T. Popa
University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Iasi. Project funded from the Social European
Fund through the Sectorial Operational Program Development of Human Resources
2007-2013;
167
The Child's Right to Freedom of Expression and Use of the

Internet
Anca TEODORESCU1
Abstract
Human rights are found in several international and national
documents. Human rights are basic conditions that allow anyone to develop
and use their physical qualities, moral, intellectual, spiritual and socioemotional. For children and teenagers also are a series of documents
governing the rights, freedoms and obligations. Children should enjoy
general human rights because we are entitled from the moment of birth.
This paper aims analyzing the phenomenon of Internet use by
adolescents and link to the right to freedom of expression. To investigate
this phenomenon, have been used questionnaire and interview guide. The
questionnaire was applied to a number of 75 students aged 16-18 years and
interview guide will be applied to a number of three teachers from the same
school.
Through the questionnaire that was applied to teenagers aged 16-18
years, we wanted to obtain relevant information about the child right to
freedom of expression and correlation of this right to use of the Internet.
We will highlight in this paper: the activities that teenagers
conducted on the internet, why undertake these activities, if they need
parental consent, where is the computer they use, etc.
Keywords:
use of the internet, freedom of expression, right, teenager
M.A. Anca TEODORESCU, European Master for Child Protection Alexandru Ioan
Cuza University of Iasi, Lumen Research Center in Social and Humanistic Sciences, Phone
no. 0040 742 621153, Email Address: teodorescu_anca_roxana@yahoo.ro
168
Aggression in Marital and Cohabiting Relationships

Valentina URCAN 1
Abstract
Violence in marital and cohabiting relationships exercised as
aggression, abuse or maltreating of partner is a social problem that the
majority of the contemporary societies are facing. The specific of marital and
cohabiting relationship as intimate environment, which admits no outside
intervention, victims withholding in reporting aggression acts, the lack of
institutions to deal with monitoring this phenomenon are some of the
factors that contribute to unawareness and ignoring acts of aggression in a
relationship between partners of a couple.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between
marital and cohabiting couples and the aggression and the influence of
gender on physical and verbal aggression manifested in a relationship. The
study involved 120 persons, men and women, married or in a cohabiting
relation, from different backgrounds, with medium and high educational
level.
Keywords:
aggression, verbal aggression, physical aggression, couple, family,
cohabitation
M.A. Valentina URCAN Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Master

Program: Clinical Psychology and Psyhoterapy, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi,
Lumen Research Center in Social and Humanistic Sciences, Phone no:004 741610401, Email Adress: turcanvalentina@yahoo.com
1
169
Appreciative Supervision
Simona UURELU 1
Abstract
The process of supervision is more than a casual exchange of
information over the telephone, lunch or via the e-mail. This should be
conducted face-to-face on a formal basis to meet state boards of social work
requirements and the ethics of the social work profession. Many supervisors
receive great satisfaction in sharing their knowledge to help supervisees grow
and develop in professional competency. Many social workers have limited
preparation for assuming a supervisory position and little supportive
assistance for performing their new assigment. The term supervision is
widely interpreted and often misunderstood in its traditional context of
directly monitoring, observing and training. The "supervision" term is often
confused with counseling, therapy, management or other close terms. We
also want to see the process of supervision through the perspective of
Appreciative Inquirys principles. In our view the best results in this area can
be obtained by combing the traditional aspects of supervision with the
innovative bases of Appreciative inquiry. The focus in this paper is to try to
identify a modern definition for appreciative supervision and to explore
what it involves.
Keywords:
supervision,
supervision
development,
Appreciative
inquiry,
appreciative
Research Assistant at Lumen Research Center in Social and Humanistic Sciences, Lumen
Association, Uk Branch, MA in Supervision and Social Planning, Email Address:
simonaponea@gmail.com, Phone no. 0044 742 762 72 19
170
Learning Experiences in Hungarian Movies

Elza-Emoke VERESS 1
Abstract
I selected Hungarian films, fulfilled with strong cultural, social and
political meanings, because I am looking for films of contradictions and
comparisons that reveal the universal face of capitalism and modernity or
capitalism combined with modernity, defined by learning experience,
alienation, isolation and different ways of individualization.
In my psycho-sociological approach I am willing to argue on the
differences between modernity and tradition, countryside and urban society,
old generation and new generation, outward and inward transformation of
the characters strongly related to the different learning experiences inside or
outside school. Besides detecting the possible artistic and expressive goals,
besides reflecting on the actors performance, I intend to analyze the films as
articulated audiovisual discourses by revealing the stories related to the
learning experiences; by presenting the learning content, the types of
learning resources and tools; by analyzing events and activities from which
one learns by experience and can identify, to a certain extent, what has
learnt.
As part of the aesthetical approach, on my way of discovering the
ideology of the montage, of identifying object that narrate, I also focus on
objects in perpetual transformation that become symbols of knowledge
management, learning experience or individualization in the Hungarian
society. Thus I intend to show what symbols and metaphors do the films
contain that directly or indirectly show a little frame of the
Hungarian school and education in the 20th and 21th century.
Keywords:
learning experiences, Hungarian movies, psycho-sociological
approach, cultural, social, and political meanings
Biography
Veress Elza-Emke was born in 1981 in Miercurea Nirajului,
Romania. She received her College Diploma in Primary School and
Kindergarten Teaching from the Babe-Bolyai Univesity from Cluj Napoca
in 2003. From the same institution she received her University Diploma in
Pedagogy in 2005 and her Diploma of Masters in Mental Hygiene in 2007.
In the present she is enrolled in the Doctors School in Philology at the same
Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Letters, Hungarian Literature
Department, Ph.D. in philology, Email Address: veresselzaemoke@yahoo.com
171

institution. She also received a Diploma of Masters in Speech and Language
in the Art of Performance in 2010 from the University of Arts Trgu-Mure.
From 2000-2008 she worked as Primary School Teacher in Trgu-Mure.
From 2005-2008 she worked as Associated Teacher of Pedagogy at the
Babe-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca. From 2008-2011 she worked as
Associated Teacher of Pedagogy at the University of Arts from TrguMure. Her research interests include media pedagogy, occupational health
and hygiene, school mental health, literature for children in the early modern
age, the history of childhood, speech and language in the art of performance
and film aesthetics.
172
Patterns of Internet Use by Students in English Schools

Albin WALLACE1
Abstract
This paper examines the use of the internet by a sample of 40,000
students from a group of demographically different schools in England. In
analysing this usage a number of questions are asked about patterns of
learning and lessons to be learned. Previous research and recent writings on
this topic are examined and a theoretical framework is formed that
eclectically draws on a number of sources, including postmodern authors. A
methodology is used incorporating an analysis of system logs. It was found
that learning using the internet often appears as being self-motivated with a
strong sense of ownership both of content creation and social networking. It
is often generated by a real purposeful need by the children themselves often
with the assistance of their peers. Schools should be places where literacy in
new media can be developed. The sample of schools in which usage was
surveyed in the research represents a broad set of demographic profiles
across England. Although the sample was restricted English children,
responses from other countries may have shown a different set of responses.
Keywords:
ICT, Internet, Postmodern, Education
Biography:
After spending 25 years working in the field of ICT and education in
Australia, Albin was employed for 3 years as ICT and Learning Technologies
Manager of the South East England Virtual Education Action Zone. With a
firm belief that teachers are the key to achieving sustained ecological change
in schools, he coordinated ICT professional development within
SEEVEAZ. Since May 2003 he has been Group ICT and e-Learning
Director for the United Church Schools Trust and the United Learning
Trust. Albin is a Fellow of the RSA, British Computer Society, the Institute
for IT Training, NAACE and the Institute of Directors. He has a doctorate
in education from the University of Sheffield where his thesis was on the
formal and informal uses of the internet for learning. He has spoken at a
number of international conferences on education and ICT.
Ph.D. United Learning Research Institute, Email Address: albin.wallace@churchschools.com
173

Section: Humanistic Sciences

[Seciunea: tiine Umaniste]


Modern Philosophical Presuppositions in the Doctrine of

Substance (or on having and seeing ideas)
[Presupoziii filosofice moderne n doctrina substanei (sau
despre a avea i a vedea idei)]
Anton ADMU 1
Abstract
Camil Petrescu owes Plato a lot. He owes, maybe, even more to
moderns, to Descartes, Kant and Hegel especially. From Descartes he does
not take just the method, but also the result the cogito, not less the intuition.
Camil will be disturbed by the excess of the deductive procedure to which
Descartes appeals. The great lack of the Cartesian formula is that not even
for one moment does it achieve precisely what it had initially intended to
draw from cogito: the existence of the necessary external reality. Then, the
Copernican revolution of Kantian type consists in moving the center of
gravity from object to subject as far as the knowledge of object is regarded.
With this, it is said, Kant lays the foundation of modern science and
certainty, once reached, becomes necessary and universal. In reality, Camil
Petrescu states, with this Copernican turning, Kant did not lay the
foundation of modern science but of dialectical thinking, without suspecting
the significance of dialectical thinking. The Kantian turning must be
returned, Camil believes, returned in such a way that the subject and the
world of necessity are face to face. As far as Hegel is concerned, the idea and
notion of concrete did not lack from his philosophy, but they were faithful
companions of Hegelianism. The claim regarding the possession of concrete
was, for Hegel, absolute. His dialectical logic only intends to be a logic of
concrete absolute. Hegel will however mistake the theory of concrete with
the concrete itself. He wants a complete concrete and has only a complete
concept of concrete. Hegel had the essential intuition of dialectical
becoming, but he did not understand, not even by far, its meaning. In the
following study I will stop at three philosophical relations of substantialism
with modern philosophy and which the Romanian thinker considers implicit
and from which he parts explicitly, I do not know if rightfully!
Prof. Ph.D., Departament of Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political

Sciences, A. I. Cuza University, Iai, Romania. Email: antonadamut@yahoo.com, Bd.
Carol I no. 11. 700506 Iasi, Romania
177

Keywords:
Descartes, Kant, Hegel, logic, dialectics, substance, concrete,
intuition
Biography:
Anton Admu, Professor at Faculty of Philosophy and SocialPolitical Sciences, Chair of Philosophy, Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania.
Books: Filosofia substanei. 1997. [The Philosophy of Substance],
Institutul European Publishing House, Iai; Literatur i Filosofie Cretin.
1997. [Christian Literature and Philosophy], Fides Publishing House, Iai;
Filosofia Sfntului Augustin. 2001. [Saint Augustines Philosophy], Polirom
Publishing House, Iai; Seducia ca spaiu al cenzurii. 2004. [Seduction as an
Area of Censorship], Junimea Publishing House, Iai; i Filosofia lui Camil
Petrescu. 2008. [And the Philosophy of Camil Petrescu], Timpul Publishing
House, Iai; Cum viseaz filosofii. 2008. [How Philosophers Dream], ALL
Publishing House, Bucharest; Filosofie i Teologie la Sfntul Augustin. 2009.
[Philosophy and Theology at Saint Augustine], Academia Romana
Publishing House, Bucharest; Fenomenologia celuilalt. Cazul PlatonBanchetul. 2011. [Phenomenology of the Other (the case PlatoSymposium)], Academia Romana Publishing House, Bucharest.
Collaborated and still collaborates with: Philosophy Journal,
Revue Roumaine de Philosophie, Studies of History of Romanian
Philosophy, The Romanian Journal of Bioethics, European Journal of
Science and Theology, Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies.
Address: Prof. dr. Anton Admu, Departament of Philosophy,
Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, A. I. Cuza University,
Iai, Romania. Email: antonadamut@yahoo.com, Bd. Carol I no. 11. 700506
Iasi, Romania
178
On the Chivalrousness of Homeric World

[Despre cavalerismul lumii homerice]
Luminia ADMU 1
Abstract
The premise from which this text begins is that of the existence of a
Homeric world. Without doubt, Homer is the teacher of Greeks. In
Xenophanes Symposium, the character Nikoratos states that his father forced
him, in order to become the perfect man, to completely learn Homer. One
may debate only one issue, namely that according to which Homers ethics,
the ethics of his epics, is an ethics of chivalrous type. Can one speak of a
Homeric chivalrousness? Marrou, for example, inclines towards Homeric
chivalrousness. He states that the Homeric heroes were not some brutal big
soldiers, that they already are chevaliers, not some primitives as romanticists
characterize them. If we were to take into account the exemplary cases, it is
difficult to say about Achilles that he would be a chevalier, at least in the
medieval sense of the term. Nothing is chivalrous, besides determination, in
Achilles. Of course, we may find models of chivalrousness in the rest of
Iliad. Anyhow, Achilles is not the one, with all his little exceptions. In Odyssey
things change, for here the woman interferes, but in a completely different
way than she did in Iliad. What is important to underline is not just the
appreciation exclusively aesthetic of Iliad, but its content that transforms it in
a manual of ethics, a treatise on ideal. The Homeric ethics is by excellence
on of honor, of the fact of being the best.
Keywords:
ethics, Homeric world, honor, chivalrousness, hero, virtue
Biography
Has published the following volumes: Problem of Duty in the
Greek-Latin Ethical Thinking, Timpul Publishing House, Iai, 2001;
Philosophy. Multiple-choice Tests for the School-Leaving Examination and
Admission in Higher Education, Polirom Publishing House, Iai, 2001 (coauthor); Philosophy. Multiple-choice Tests for the School-Leaving
Examination, Polirom Publishing House, Iai, 2003 (co-author); Philosophy.
Synthesis, Comments, Multiple-Choice Tests, Polirom Publishing House,
Iai, 2006 (co-author).
1 Ph. D. professor at the National College Costache Negruzzi, Email Address:
ladamut@yahoo.com, Toma Cozma, nr. 4, Iasi, Romania
179
Postmodern Chalenges in Mass Communication

[Provocri post-moderne n comunicarea de mas]
tefania BEJAN 1 2
Abstract
The expression new models of mass communication can be, for
some researchers of the present public spaces tyranny, the reflection of a
true turning point in public communication, with major expectancies
regarding the essence of the phenomenon, the need for a paradigm shift, of
the scene on which social actors, that are fundamentally different from what
was known until now, to play within the boundaries of an unprecedented,
urgent, modified from the ground scenario; other categories of
communication investigators would opine towards new technologies,
adequate to the permanently dynamic human communication, i.e. to some
means of expressing the perpetual needs for socialising, interpretation,
culturalization, escape, information Irreconcilable, so far, in the works of
the renowned, the two positions give cause for scientific quarrelling,
application of the methods specific to the socio-human field, towards
possible conclusions that would incline the balance either to the shaking
of the human model of designing and practicing the existence in the
postmodern era, or to the always-innovating technology, implicitly bringing
pressure on the lifestyle of the just-started millennium. Finding the classical
communicational tasks also in a hyper-technical environment generates a
specific vocabulary (multimedia, user, social media, blogosphere etc.),
indicating different means of instrumentally mediated interaction
(interactivity, top influence in the online environment, following, searching,
comments, friendship etc.), different not as much through their innovative
character in concept, but especially through applications and effects.
Unconditional supporters or analytic conservatives, the separation is less
important: the topic exists, it incites different communities and that is
enough
1 Romanian Academy, Scholarship POSDRU/89/1.5/S/56815 Societatea Bazat pe

Cunoatere cercetri, dezbateri, perspective, Email Address: stbejan@yahoo.fr
2 Aceast lucrare a fost realizat n cadrul proiectului POSDRU/89/1.5/S/56815 Societatea
Bazat pe Cunoatere cercetri, dezbateri, perspective, cofinanat de Uniunea European
i Guvernul Romniei din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operaional Sectorial
Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007-2013.
180

Keywords:
communicational paradigm, interactivity, blogosphere, comment,
online influence, social media
Biography
tefania BEJAN, born 11 February 1963, in Chiscani, Brila.
Graduate of the Medical High School (1982) and the Faculty of Philosophy,
Al. I. Cuza University, Iai (1988). Ph.D. in Philosophy, with a thesis on
Identity Strategies in Postmodern Media Culture (2009). Daily written press
journalist starting with 1990, and, between 1993-2001, producer of programs
in the fields of culture and education at the Europa Nova TV station. Lecturer
at the Department of Communication and Public Relations, Faculty of
Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences (Al. I. Cuza University), course
coordinator for Theories of Mass Communication, The Mass-Media System,
Communication with the Press, New Media. Published Discursul Educaiei (The
Discourse of Education) - Editura Fundaiei AXIS, 2003 and translated
Comicul (The Comic), by Jean-Marc Defays, published by Editura Institutul
European, 2000. Author of specialty articles and chief editor of Caiete
Sociologice (Sociological Review). Currently beneficiary of the postdoctoral
programme Knowledge Based Society, POSDRU/89/1.5/S/56815.
181
Ideology as a Means of Interpretation. A New Perspective

of Plato
Sorin BOCANCEA 1
Abstract
Initially launched by Marx, the ideological interpretation turned off
to a new track through Karl Mannheims perspectivism or relationism.
The new perspective sought to identify the conditions of possibility of
knowledge within society and to proceed towards a phenomenological
analysis of ordinary life. However, Manheims theory sparsely resulted into
text interpretations as such. This observation appears to be a good starting
point especially for the first part of this paper, which intends to sketch a
short history of ideology as a means of interpretation within the field of
humanities. Then, once the perspectivist interpretation re-acknowledged
and reactivated, the present endeavour moves towards an application
chapter, having in view Platos work and the ways it can be subjected to an
ideological interpretation. Hence, the rediscovery of perspectivist analysis
may bring important changes in the ensuing perception of many theoretical
constructions: ultimately, these theories are brought back to life and, no
longer presented as being written by some shadow hand, they become the
answers which flesh and blood individuals gave to the issues that
occasionally challenged them.
truth
Keywords:
hermeneutics, ideology, interpretation, philosophy, Plato, theory,
Associate Prof. Ph.D.,

sorinboc@yahoo.com
Romanian
Academy,
Iasi
Branch,
Email
Address:
182
The Communist Regime Versus the Rural World in the First

Years of the Agricultural Collectivization in Romania (19491952)
[Regimul comunist versus lumea rural n primii ani ai
procesului de colectivizare a agriculturii romneti (1949-1952)]
Sanda-Maria BORA 1
Abstract
The establishment of the communist regime in Romania led to a
series of actions which caused profound changes in the traditional way of
life of the rural population. In this respect, the collectivization of agriculture
was the main instrument used by the communists in view of subordinating
and transforming the rural world in line with the deviant ideological
principles of the peoples democracy regime. By means of discourse analysis
and case study, our article (based on documents) is trying to decipher the
impact of the collectivization on the rural communities from Romania; the
relationship between central and local administration in the early years of
socialist transformation of agriculture and, also, the metamorphoses
suffered by the rural world between 1949-1952. The process of agricultural
collectivization officially set off at the plenary meeting of the Central
Committee of the Romanian Workers Party (3-5 March 1949) which set the
general guidelines of the socialist transformation of agriculture. Considered
in light of the collectivization process, the 1949-1952 chronological timeline
was characterized by the massive enlistment of the peasants in cooperative
agricultural units (Collective Agricultural Farms, Agricultural Associations of
Peasants), as well as by the exponential increase in the number of these
units. At the same time, long series of pressures were enforced upon the
peasants: from excessive quotas and taxes, whose pay off by the peasants
would have triggered the starvation of their families, to threats, intimidations
and imprisonments. The brutality of the methods used and actions
committed by those in charge of the collectivization of agriculture marked
irredeemably the traditional living of the peasants, and their consequences
were felt at several levels: the village community, the family and the
individual as well.
Keywords:
collectivization, communism, peasants, rural world, Gheorghe
Gheorghiu-Dej
1 Ph.D. Research Assistant, George Bariiu Institute of History, Cluj-Napoca, Email
Address: borsa_sanda@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040766720042
183
The Position and Role of Deontology in Postmodern

Society
[Locul i rolul deontologiei n societatea postmodern]
Valeriu CAPCELEA 1
Abstract
The article touches upon problems related to deontologys role and
its location in the postmodern society which, on one hand, presents a sum
of behavioral rules for a particular social group that ensures the moral
character of determined interactions or of those associated with the
professional activity, and on the other, a scientific discipline which
investigates the specifics of moral demonstrations in various areas of
activities. The deontology applies, in particular, to those social groups for
which the society presents the highest moral requirements. Nowadays, the
designing of applied moral norms, including deontological, is a strategic
process for further development of contemporary ethics, intended to
overcome the difficulties in their development within the previous
traditional ethics.
The author specifies the existence of Deontological Codes for
certain professions demonstrating a developing character of the social
progress, as well as a continued humanization of social existence. At the
same time, the author emphasizes that despite the positive features of the
Deontological Codes, these also have a series of shortcomings, such as the
replacement of the autonomous moral responsibilities with heteronomy
ethics. Concomitantly, the article underlines the need to avoid an overly
generic approach while designing such Codes, as this might lead to
uniformization of moral individualities, having an adverse impact on the
human personality.
Another shortcoming is the fact that the Codes start from the idea
that a human is incapable and that when he/she has freedom he/she should
comply voluntarily with proper rules, and, in this context, the human should
be assisted by developing and approving relevant legal acts that would
enforce him/her to comply with. In such situation the ethics merges with
the law, both being coercible, but they should not be confused as they have
different scopes. The morality cannot be universalized as it is in the case of
law, which means that the morality doesnt strictly belong to rationality, as
this issue abolishes the moral uniformization. Furthermore, the analysis of
Ph.D. in Philosphy, Associate Porf. Ph.D. Department of Social Humanistic Sciences,
Alecu Russo State University, Balti, Moldova, str. Pukin 38. Tel: (373) 231-79-100; Email
Address: vcapcelea@mail.ru
184

the existing Deontological Codes proves us the lack of the delimitation of
the area of deontology research as a science or of the false determination of
such that presents it as eclectic in nature. This happens due to fact that the
professional groups that are being preoccupied with the Codes perceive the
need for integrating the morality while designing the legal acts mostly
through an intuitive moral platform rather than through a moral basis which
is well studied and explained by the science of ethics. Therefore, without a
true theoretical tool, the attention is focused, first of all, on the accuracy of
professional acts which is seen through the point of view of general human
rights, through how these rights have been imposed publicly, while the
moral requirements being mostly intuited rather than clearly formulated.
norms.
Keywords:
deontology, deontological codes, morality, applied ethics; moral
185
Manipulation into the Media; Journalistic Ethics

[Manipularea n mass-media; Etica jurnalistic]
Felicia CEAUU 1
Abstract
In recent years, media ethics has become a highly debated topic,
trying to clarify the ethical and moral values for journalism. Ethics is not
just a matter of codes of conduct, or rules to be followed, ethics is a theory
of morality and requires possession of a set of general principles (on which
good and bad), analysis of actual facts, actions or characters in light of those
principles. Ethics related to capacity of every journalist in part, to meet the
set of values in different situations and to render information in view of
objectivity, truth and fairness.
Ethics translate itself in professional decisions taken by journalists
and can be considered as an ethics of communication, because
communication is the essence of media system. To talk of media ethics
should we relate in particular to the triad that is its responsibility: ethics (set
of rules that an individual uses to reflect on their behavior), moral (social
and individual practice of a behavior, actions and relationships, governed by
rules) and ethics (department of ethics that deals with the study of
procedures and specific obligations for an specific occupation).
This paper proposed many objective such as analysis of issues of
great interest such as: media in the universe of sciences communication;
truth and objectivity in the press; need to formulate the ethical norms as law
articles; specific values for journalist profession; turth, credibility and lies.
Original aspects: establishing a boundary between public value and value of
private information, because in contemporary media, protection of personal
life does not seem to worry about anyone.
Idea argued in the paper: although there are deontics values specific
profession of journalism and a code of ethics, Romanian journalists often
overlook ethicals rules and violates the rule of objectivity in transmitting
messages to the public. Why? It will identify causes. Methodological content:
content analysis, case study.
Keywords:
manipulation, media, ethics, objectivity
Institute of Economic and Social Researches Gh. Zane, Romanian, Academy, Iai
Branch, Email Address: ceausufelicia@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040733692663
186
Existentialistic Views- Consequences Analysis and the

Problem of a Sense of Existence
[Puncte de vedere existenialiste- analiza consecinelor i
problema sensului]
Aura CIOBOTARU
Abstract
In this paper I want to present shortly some different existentialistic
views, in their main ideas. I want to identify the common assumptions, and
to anlyse the consequences of one or other view. In the end, I want to
compare them, and make some conclusions.
I also want to sustain one of those points of views, because of its
consequencens on human life and need of sense. Existentialism starts with
some common assumptions, as: we did not choose to live, but we live, we
are lonely and free with not excuses, with lack of other people in our most
significant life situations, we will day, unexpectedly, and we do not find in
this world a superior significance or an undoubtable truth. On these
problems, authors and philosophers found some perspectives that they
addopted: the conflict, the will to power, as construction or distructon of an
world, violence, or moral responsabillity, as free choice, even without
necessary moral truths. Any of those view has the same degree of
sustenability, even any of them has different consequences and significance
in our lives.
First I will present Sartres view on freedom and being- for- itself, as
opposed to being- in- itself, and his portrait of the person wich cooses
violence and distruction as an attitude towards the facticity and unexistence
of necessary truths. But in the end, he admits a possible different solution,
even not founded. Then, I will analyse Nietzsches idea of suveranity of the
powerfull will, with its reasons and consequences; his theme of eternal
coming-back, as sustaining of the powerful will, in lack of necessary truths
or morals authority. I will make many interrogations on his assumptions on
his life perspective. The answers to these interrogations, I will search in
Dostoievski novels, Crime and Punsishment and Karamazov Brothers,
where the supremacy principle is largely argued, with reference to concrete
situations and characters. In the end, it is rejected.
In Karamazov Brothers, they are given three views on the
existence, one of wich is the supremacy principle, applied to the immanent
Professor in human sciences at Aurel Rainu Highschool-Fieni, Romania, Email Address:
lauraacum@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040725929290
187

order, in and an injust world. Other- is the belief in the beauty of a
transcendent world of love for all the people.
In the end, It is given a third solution, wich is the supreme moral
responsabillity and duty towards our fellows.This is the point of view that I
find the most realistic and applicable to our lifes. We were all wrong, with
our fellows, and since we can not find a principle on wich base to decide,
judge or share the Good and the Bad, we can only assume responsabillity in
all our facts, as a point on wich we can found a moral, as its result.
Keywords:
will to power, violence, free choice, contingent truths, moral
responsibility, transcendence.
Biography
Work: Proffesseor in human sciences, 2009-present, to Aurel
Rainu Highschool
Education: Faculty of philosophy, University of Bucharest, BA and
MA
Graduation Papers: The will to power and the problem of the
construction of an world; The relevance of mental experiments in moral and
politic philosophy.
Publications:
Book: Time with no ending- an answer to our problems of
existence, Lumen, Iasi, 2010
Articles: -On nature of wishes and intentions- the referentialattributive distinction, in Analele Universitatii, with professor Adrian-Paul
Iliescu, 2007
An answer to our problems of existence, Lumen International Conferrence,
2011 february.
188
The Legislation of Jeweller's Industry (Comparative

Analysis: The Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian
Federation and Ukraine)
[Legislaia privind activitatea n domeniul artei bijuteriilor

(studiu comparativ: Republica Moldova, Romnia, Federaia
Rus, Ucraina)]
Liliana CONDRATICOVA 1
Abstract
In a format of this communication the author considers normative
acts of a sale of precious metals and colour stones, jewelry as well as an
estimation and identification of objects. Declared themes are enough
important ones because using the methodology of comparative analysis the
author scrutinizes thoroughly some juridical laws of the Republic of
Moldova, Romania Russian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus. This topic is
significant one as well as within the limits of creation of legal state the
jurisprudence of Republic of Moldova is transformed according to legislative
acts of European counties. In the meanwhile, raw materials importation
from Ukraine and Russia, commercial delivery of jewellery of Kishinev
factory Giuvaier predetermines analysis of conformable normative acts of
these countries. Thus, comprehensive examination of legislative acts of
above-listed countries allowed us to define the main directions of the
research, namely: some rules of items sale made from precious metals and
stones; existence of proper license given by executive authority; import and
export of raw materials; some certificates of quality; coinage and medals
(memorative coining and medals made from gold and silver); manufacturing
of jewellery and technical items from precious metals and stones; buying-up
of jewellery and precious stones; commission business of jewellery; traffic of
jewellery and precious stones; pawn activity; fiscal and price policy in this
field; about an order of testing and stamping of items from precious metals;
expert examination of cultural values and its activity; participation of
jewellery in specialized exhibitions and competitions and so on.
Keywords:
jewellery, legislation, normative acts, antiques, pawnshop
Biography
The author of more than 60 scientific publications including three
monographs: Jeweller's art: precious metals and precious stones (Kishinev, 2008),
Jeweller's art of Moldova, (Iasi, 2010) and Alex Marco. The destiny of Moldavian
jeweller(Iasi, 2011). Academy of Sciences of Moldova Prize For the best
scientific achievements (2010).
Ph.D. in study of arts, Coordinator Scientific Researcher, Institute of Cultural Heritage,
Institute of Enciclopedic Studies of AM, Email Address: lilia_condrat@list.ru
189
Epistemological References of Nonverbal Communication

in the Context of New Educational Paradigm
[Referine epistemologice ale comunicrii nonverbale n
contextul noii paradigme educaionale]
Daniel CORU 1
Abstract
The educational process shows a distinct compositional diversity.
Starting from the pure informational transmission of knowledge and up to
drawing a positive direction in applying the gnoseologically acquired
elements in the personal and community life, the intermediary in this process
is the teacher. He, through his work, pursues the realisation of the
educational act in its most efficient format. Therefore, he uses all means
which he has handy, from his spiritual and mental inside and from what the
outer space offers him (drawings, magic lanterns, paintings, etc..). But, in
addition, the most handy for the teacher himself is nothing else but the
hands, the eyes, the legs, the speech tone, the way of walking, of looking, as
forms of knowledge and transmission of the educational stimulus, and also
elements which helps to determine the critical elements of perceptiveness
coming from the classroom. In the context of new educational paradigm, an
intensive knowledge of nonverbal language in the educational process is
more than necessary. And that is because, in most cases, words do not tell us
everything. If we are teachers and we have the impression that a whole class
is paying attention to us, and enjoyes our knowledge, it is most likely that we
are tricked even by some reactions induced for this purpose. Therefore,
knowing the body language of certain moods and thoughts, behind the
words, we can adjust our teaching content according to these, so that the
student will feel the change, without knowing how, why, and certainly will
not miss the next lesson.
Therefore, the centrality of this study is occupied by the use of signs
meaning and implications from the body language in order to educate and to
train the teachers for improving the educational act. More precisely, our
main hypothesis is that every teacher should possess, besides the knowledge
of its domain, an exact understanding of body language. And that in order
to,, manipulate the learning process to the most perfect purposes.
Therefore, we will use the meanings of body language from management
MA at the Theology Faculty Dumitru Stniloae'' of Iasi, Department of Cultural
Patrimony, Al. I. Cuza'' University, Iasi, Domicile: Str. Principala, Nr. 10, Com. Dofteana,
Jud. Bacau, Residence, Str. Codrescu, No. 31, Bl. C11, Ap. 66, 2nd floor, Iasi, Email
Address: daniel.coriu@ gmail.com
1
190

environment, from business environment and from others areas where it has
a concrete meaning and its generate some specific understanding and
reactions, and we will implement in education, giving teachers a superior
ability to understand their students and to relate concretely to their own
needs and their requirements.
For example, if a student shows some gestures and some facial traits,
the teacher, by the study of body language, will know what the student,
involuntarily, share and he will accord the educational act to the interior
needs of the student, which the teacher, as in a mirror, knows from the
gestures and mimics.
The originality of this theme is that, until now were not accentuated
the implications of body language in the education act, with all its
psychological, sociological and spiritual aspects. Therefore, through this
study we can offer to teachers the posibility of knowing students behind the
mask that they shows daily during class hours and also the ability to achieve,
through their own words, gestures and mimics, the spiritual and mental
foundation which is there, inside.
Keywords:
education, teacher, pupils, educational act, knowledge, body
language, educational paradigm, gestures, mimics.
191
Romania in the Equation of Bipolarism (1960-1969)

[Romnia n ecuaia bipolarismului (1960-1969)]
Mihai Alexandru CROITOR 1
Abstract
One of the shortcomings of the Cold War historiography (be it
orthodox, revisionist or post-revisionist) was the fact that it placed at
the centre of analysis only the two state actors of the bipolar system (the
Soviet Union and the United States of America), thus omitting to fully
address the position assumed by the USSR satellites towards this system. In
line with this observation, this article delves into an objective as possible
inquiry into the main stands taken by the authorities in Bucharest towards
the two main exponents of the bipolar system (the Soviet Union and the
United States of America), and towards the third power pole which began to
take shape in the early 1960s: the Peoples Republic of China. Relying on the
documents retrieved in the Romanian, Soviet, American and Chinese
archives, this research paper addresses the main events which marked the
Romanian foreign policy between 1960 and 1969: the Conference of the
communist and workers parties in Moscow (1960); the bilateral RomanianSoviet and Romanian-American relations; the position assumed by the
Peoples Republic of Romania towards the Sino-Soviet conflict; the birth of
the so-called independence of Romania inside the communist bloc; the
relevance of the April 1964 Declaration of the Central Committee of the
Romanian Workers Party; the main centrifugal tendencies of the Bucharest
regime in reaction to the ideological precepts issued by Moscow; and, the
Romanian efforts in view of fostering a Sino-American rapprochement.
Keywords:
bipolarism, communism, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, independence,
Peoples Republic of Romania
1 Associate Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of History and Philosophy, Babes-Bolyai University,

Cluj-Napoca, Email Address: mihai_croitor@yahoo.com, Phone no.0040768535390
192
From Brasov to Shambala with Johann Martin Honigberger

[Din Braov n Shambala cu Johann Martin Honigberger]
tefania Maria CUSTUR 1
ABSTRACT
Johan Martin Honigberger (Gholab Singh, 1795-1869), was a Saxon
pharmacist and doctor, with interests in the fields of botany, numismatics
and archeology.
Dr. Honigberger travelled to India, Europe and Asia, fascinated by
exotic lands and thirsty for adventures beyond the limits of knowledge.
Reputed scholar of the Middle East, numismatic and archeologist,
excellent homeopath, was a member of Societe Asiatique, whose members
Constantin Georgian and Mircea Eliade will become. He speaks 17
languages, is a reputed doctor, famous for his treatments against cholera and
plague.
Dr. Honigberger publishes his memoirs in London. He is famous
mostly for his fantastic short story The secret of doctor Honigberger,
published by Mircea Eliade in 1940, in The Royal Foundations Magazine.
In this short story, the character succeeds to get out of the profane time and
disappear forever onto the mythical land of Shambala.
Our research aims to analyze the texts and activity of Martin
Honigberger from the perspective of the image of alteration, with a
projection onto the intercultural and inter-ethnic environment in Brasov in
the nineteenth century, a space with extraordinary formative and modeling
values.
The investigation into the life and work of J.M Honigberger is made
comprehensively from a phenomenon's point of view, concentrating around
his memoirs. His diary immortalizes an allotropy of the exotic voyage ,
voyage that triggers fundamental changes in the consciousness of the
traveler. We will analyze Honigberger's text from the perspective of a
subjective fragmentary writing, focusing on the ego who writes , and also on
the meeting of the Other.
culture
Keywords:
travel, exotic lands, intercultural and interethnic environment, saxon
Lecturer Ph.D., Sapientia University, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania, Email Address:

stefaniacustura@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040745135670
193
Feminism in the XII-th Century? The Medieval Treaty De

amore of Andreas Capellanus
[Feminism n secolul al XII-lea. Tratatul medieval De amore
al lui Andr le Chapelain]
Maria-Alexandra DRAGAN 1 2
Abstract
The De amore of Andreas Capellanus, written in the twelfth century
(1185) captures the attention of the literary exegesis by his antithetical
structure (the first part is a plea for love, the second is a deconstruction of
the first part), and especially by the description of the so-called "courts of love",
presided by some ladies of the high society who judged the love problems
that seemed without solution. Besides these courts of love, seen as a
literary expression of proto-feminist movement in the twelfth century, the
Treaty also contains several dialogues between men and women belonging to
different social groups, dialogues which show a picture of practices and
principles of a more refined era than it might seem at a superficial reading.
Among the books of literature of the Middle Age, this book has a
characteristic: it is the only book of literature condemned by the Roman
Catholic Church (in 1277, by the Bishop of Paris, Etienne Tempier). The
reasons of this condemnation are related to the theses on the love that the
book asserts. Indeed, within the framework of the judgements presented by
the women of the high society in the courts of love, the marriage as a
social and religious institution is condemned, and the free love, as adulterous
relation, is considered the only desirable love.
This position antagonizing the religious mentality of the time was
presented in the Treaty in the form of a code of the courtly love which had several
stages and also a double dimension (social and literary). The code used by
the troubadurs transposed in feudal terms (more precisely in the language of
vassalage) the relationship between the man and the woman: the woman was
the Master and the man the faithful servant.
The code of the courtly love produced an inversion of the social
roles, in a society which was strongly organised on a hierarchical basis. More
serious than this social inversion of the roles (between the man and the
woman) was the way in which it was justified (by ambiguous theological and
Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Letters, Al. I. Cuza University of Iasi, Romania, Email
Address: mdragan@voila.f r
2 Aknowledgment: This work was supported by the European Social Fund in Romania,
under the responsibility of the Managing Authority for the Sectoral Operational Programme
for Human Resources Development 2007-2013 [grant POSDRU/88/1.5/S/47646]
1
194

philosophical arguments) and spread (in the love songs sung by the
troubadours, which assured a brilliant success for this type of adoulterous
love).
For this reason the Catholic Church condemned in 1277 a book
which, pretending to speak about love, pled for the dissolution of the social
and religious foundations of marriage.
Keywords:
Andreas Capellanus, feminism, courtly love, poetics, adultery,
litterature
195
Gypsies Integration into Society of the Habsburg Empire in

Transylvania
[Integrarea romilor n Transilvania Habsburgic]
Mihai FLOROAIA 1
Abstract
Ideological conceptions about ethnicity, nation and religious
confession require new approaches through the current issue of the great
European family.
An approach to the history of minorities in Transylvania intercultural
plan requires the submission of their role in socio-cultural Romanian.
Cultural contribution of various national minorities in the Romanian cultural
profile, the structure of cultural identity of this area is organized on two
levels: on the one hand historical provinces create regional identity, and on
the other hand the real regional identity contributes to the creation of
Romanian national identity. Of course there are identities that are not related
to or defined by geographical area (eg the Gypsy community).
Documentary sources assess that the contribution of Roma in the
common heritage are extremely low due to the exclusion of the Roma in
social status, they are in a state of slavery. Like everywhere in Romania, in
Transylvania can not talk about a specific territory exclusively or
predominantly inhabited by Roma, as the other existing minority. Gypsy
culture and civilization have a predominant symbiotic character who
contributed to the common heritage.
Absence of the territory, dispersed nature of life, have led to
depriving Roma of the chance to have some own religious, administrative,
cultural, educational institutions, etc..
In Transylvania, the first information about the presence of Gypsies
seems to be recorded in around 1400. Regarding the socio-legal status that
Gypsies have had, they were not slaves, but organized as a Romanian Model
voivodeship and they were not under the jurisdiction of administrative
authorities, but the exclusive jurisdiction of their heads.
The second half of the eighteenth century was the era of sedentary
Gypsies in Transylvania and the assimilation, measures initiated in the spirit
of the Habsburg reformism. Reigns of Maria Theresa and Joseph II were
the assimilation of the Gypsies in Transylvania. In the early nineteenth
century nomadic Gypsies became minority. Although the inhabitants of the
Ph. D. - "Babe-Bolyai"
floroaiamihai@yahoo.com
University
of
Cluj-Napoca,
Email
Address:
196

country become a social status and footing with the other ethnic groups,
they store themselves as subgroup with certain distinctive characteristics.
Nineteenth century, also named the nation century, was
characterized in Europe through a process of developing national
consciousness and the creation of national states. In this period of profound
transformations in the people and political consciousness, the Romanian
principalities survived three great empires: the Ottoman, Russian and
Austrian.
Keywords:
ethnicity, religion, Gypsy, gypsy mentality.
197
Psychology of the Creative Process in Literary and Artistic

Vision
[Psihologia procesului de creaie n viziune literar-artistic]
Ana GHILA
Abstract
The article discusses the interdisciplinary literature-psychology
relation, particularly the psychology of the creative process. Having studied a
number of theoretical sources on the topic, written by psychologists,
psychoanalysts, estheticians, we identify that the creative process is a
complex phenomenon which involves all psychological mechanisms of the
creator and all the resources he acquired through experience. In terms of
methodology, we resorted to the aesthetic and psycho-aesthetic perspective
approach to the creation process. We aim at elucidating the art-psychological
science relation by following the stages of the creation process: the
conscious-subconscious, the subjective-objective, individual-general-human
relations in the creative personalitys artistic transfiguration of reality. Epic
stories and literary-publicistic texts written by Ion Druta and George Meniuc
and interpreted from the perspective of the psychology of the creative
process and of the way of its artistic transfiguration constitute the research
subject of the article. Thus, in the methodology of issue approach, we start
from the product (text) to contemplation (receiver) while comprehending
the mental processes involved in the mechanisms of the artists creative
activity. We finally note that the specifics of the creative individuality,
alongside with the time in which the author created, leaves its print on the
artistic realization of this theoretical-psychological aspect. The given writers
display different stylistic orientations in the Romanian literature from
Moldova in the period of the 60s-70s of the XX century.
Keywords:
interdisciplinary, literature-psychology, creative process, aesthetic
perspective, epic text.
1 Ph. D. in Philology, Associate Professor, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Republic of

Moldova, Email Address: ana_ghilas@yahoo.com
198
Modality in Scientific Communication. A Case Study of

Modal Meaning in Scientific Articles in English by
Romanian Authors
[Modalitatea n comunicarea tiinific. Cazul sensurilor modale
ntr-un corpus de articole de economie n englez scrise de
autori romni]
Teodora GHIVIRIG 1
Abstract:
Studies of modality (mainly expressed through modal verbs) in the
scientific discourse have revealed patterns of use that vary significantly
across disciplines and/or across languages. In a previous comparative study
(by the author) of two corpora (English and Romanian) of articles written by
native authors published in international journals of Economics and by nonnative Romanian authors (published in Romanian journals), one of the
important differences found was the diverging use of modals; however, this
dissimilarity lay not in the total raw number, but rather in the selection of
the modals in the two corpora; thus, as anticipated, in the Romanian corpus
some modals were overused (CAN, WILL, MUST), while others were
underused (MAY, MIGHT, WOULD); the distribution was revealed to be
differrent than that indicated in similar studies, suggesting a specific
Romanian pattern. This is in keep with the theory that natives acquire modal
meanings in two stages (first the root meanings covering the deontic and the
dynamic use and only later the more abstract epistemic meanings) and
generally this is achieved rather through exposure to context, which nonnative (Romanian) authors may lack.
The present paper continues the previous study by focusing on the
use of modals. Cross disciplinary studies point out that epistemic use of
modals in scientific texts exceeds the deontic use, as expected. In the
Romanian non-native corpus, however, instances of deontic use of MUST
(obligation) outnumber the instances of epistemic use (logical necessity),
while WOULD is underrepresented, surprisingly so since its deontic
meanings are more numerous. An interesting case is that of the verb MAY,
with important epistemic meanings and frequent formulaic use in scientific
writing, which is favoured by the natives, who prefer agreement and support
to confrontation and imposition even when they intend to influence the
interlocutor, an attitude which is foreign to Romanians. The differences can,
PhD, lecturer, Faculty of Letters, Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi, Email Address:
teoghivi@yahoo.com, phone: 0040744 540606
1
199

therefore, be attributed possibly to the particular epistemological status of
Economics on the one hand and to cultural differences on the other.
Ignorance of such pragmatic choice in articles by non-natives may therefore
create difficulty in communication. A more thorough and accurate
description of these differences and an understanding of their possible
causes may improve the quality of the didactics of English in Business
Schools, enhance the linguistic quality of the articles produced by Romanian
authors in English, ensure their acceptance abroad and generally reduce the
gap in intercultural communication.
Keywords:
modality, epistemic, deontic, corpus, economics, intercultural
communication
Biography:
The author has a PhD in Letters and is currently teaching English
language and linguistics at the Department of foreign languages and
literatures within the Faculty of Letters at UAIC Iasi. She holds an interest in
terminology, specialized and literary translation and in the use of corpora for
the study of both English and Romanian.
200
Recitatio in vivo -A Transdisciplinary Education Project

[Recitatio in vivo Un proiect educaional transdisciplinar]
Marin GRIGOREAN 1
Abstract
The plurality of the spiritual experiences leads necessary to the
recognition of its multiple ways of expressing and transmission. An
authentic learning of the circulation of the spiritual information among
hermeneutical ternaries through the resonance of the levels of Meaning
offers a key for the understanding of the world we live in: the creation of an
interior flexible nucleus by the balance of the levels of being body, spirit,
and heart. Nowadays the problematic regarding the acute necessity of the
resurrection of Subject, creates the conditions for forming a transdisciplinary
attitude based on fundamental human values: openedness, tolerance,
dialogue.
These clarifications allow putting any hermeneutical action in
context with the structure of the classic design of the scientific research
theoretical aspects, methodology, results and presenting a new proposal of
transdisciplinary tackle, manifested in an irreducible unity of methodology
with the purity of making the meaning, in the experience of an intuition of
the Source of creation. What ensures the coherence of this kind of attempt
is a configuration of interdependences and interactions between the
conceptual level methodologically delimited and the investigation of the new
appeared in the conjunction of textual metaphoric with meditation, silent
reading and the articulations of thinking.
The purpose of this kind of hermeneutics, transparently configured
in any text generated by the inner action, is based on realizing the link
between the interior and exterior universe. The paradox: the scientific
methodology, indispensable to a research, does not apply to consciousness,
which is correlative to spirituality, culture, and religion. Getting out of the
disciplinary field, we need a new methodology: the transdisciplinary
methodology as an alternative, complementary to scientific methodology,
not excluding each other. The transdisciplinary language represents in the
same time sending and transmitting the spiritual information, involving both
inter-subjective and trans-subjective dimension of Reality.
The mission of transdisciplinarity is to generate bonds and acquire
coherence inside possible links between different levels of knowledge. A
1 Ph.D. Candidate in transdiciplinary studies, 2nd Year, Doctoral School: Paradigma
european, Faculty of European Studies, Babe-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Email Address: marindeoas@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040743235702
201

double establishing of transdisciplinarity might be possible by scanning of
some pairs of conceptual compatibilities: transdisciplinary view, transdisciplinary
closeness,
transdisciplinary
openness,
transdisciplinaryattitude.
Assuming
transdisciplinarity involves also the compiling a new language, a new logic,
new concepts to allow emerging a new dialogue between different field of
knowledge. Understandingtransdisciplinarity correctly may bring together
and direct these innovations in the field of knowledge with all the major
consequences in our daily life.
Keywords:
transdisciplinarity, the spiritual information, hermeneutical ternaries,
the levels of Meaning
202
Risk Situations School and Violent Behavior

[Situaiile de risc colar i comportamentul violent]
Felicia IUROAIA 1
Abstract
Violence in schools has increased over the last 25 years and appear,
both from teachers to students and between students-students or students
and teachers. Age most prone to violence by students is between 13 and 17
years. Risk behavior of school students is largely due to family climate (see
the weight of the most disturbing problems, the percentage of cases
reported inappropriate behaviors so students and teachers as masters). In
most families were not taken from school sanction, although the proportion
of 74% students perceive there is family support and communication
between teachers and head teachers and parents consistently achieved
through various ways. Most students are at risk from families biparentale
school and live with both parents, and the number of students whose
parents work abroad, is reduced, which invalidates the assumption that
behavior is exclusively due to risk leaving school parents abroad. Because of
all significant problems for students, a 27% problem is the
misunderstanding by teachers, the assumption that the poor attitude of
teachers / professors to masters students favor school risk behavior are
confirmed. Fear of making a small note, disinterest and boredom are
regarded as students and teachers as the most frequent reasons for
absenteeism.
Keywords:
violence, risk school, behavior.
Biography:
Associate Proffessor, PhD at the University "Petre Andrei" of Iasi,
Faculty of Psychology. Degree in Education, Faculty of Philosophy,
University "Al. I. Cuza "Iasi (1995). PhD at the University "Al. I. Cuza "Iasi
(2005), specializing in Ethics. Doctoral student in Education specialization.
Graduate of the postgraduate course Optimizing business performance
through cognitive-behavioral counseling and coaching (2011) at
International Coaching Institute European Coaching Center Babes-Bolyai
University. Topics of interest: human behavior, communication and intergroup relations, educational intervention strategies on the human individual.
Associate Proffessor Ph.D. at the University "Petre Andrei" of Iasi, Faculty of Psychology,
Email Address: .iuroaia_felicia@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040745.303.883.
203
The Epistemic Categories of Postmodernism and Alienation

of Human Being
[Categoriile epistemice ale postmodernismului i alienarea
fiinei umane]
Anca-Narcisa LEIZERIUC 1
Abstract
Postmodernity means a change of philosophy,ontology and
economy and, thus, becomes a social phenomenon, generated by epistemic
depth categories (Michel Foucauld) that affects all types of discourse,
including the aesthetic one. This paper seeks to determine whether
postmodern phenomenon, in generally, appears as a continuation of
modernity or as a crash of level, whether it has legitimacy in the Romanian
space since the third wave of post-industrial civilization (Alvin Toffler) is
absent here. The postmodern world is on the opposite side of the
modernism with its rationalism, both scientific knowledge and of the
narrative, subordinated to a principle of totalityin knowledge and refuse any
meta-narrative legitimation (J.F. Lyotard), establishing a pluralistic model of
knowledge. The dissolution of metaphysics involves giving up to positivist
prejudices and promoting a "nonmetaphysic truth ", which is essentially
aesthetics. The art infuses to the social body, serving, not to an elitist group,
but to the common taste, where the value criterion is not the aesthetic one,
but relativism and the idea of discussing/denying the work of art. After the
proclamation of lowering the art in the street, follows the death of art and
the thematizationof nothingness. There is a reconsideration of the function
of art, which is no longer assuming the role of education, but only the one
of enjoying. Starting from the conception that the reading should be an
erotic and critical experience, Julia Kristeva proposes the concept of
"signified" to designate the text as a place of delight, where the reader is
seduced, and Roland Barthes speaks about the "pleasure of the text ". The
changing of the status of art from gnosiologicalto ornamental, decorative is
due to fragmentarism and relativism philosophy. The new humanism of
postmodernism captures human alienation (Heidegger), the anonymous
individuals depending on the real world and even the robotization of human
being. If the modernism accepts a certain hierarchy, polarizing around
certain myths such as rationality, transcendence, and progress, the
postmodernism argues for a universe without center like the borgesian
ALEPH with the center everywhere.
Ph.D. Candidate, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Letters, Email
Address: narcisa.leizeriuc@gmail.com
204

Keywords:
postmodernity, post-industrial civilization, totality knowledge,
fragmentarism, function of art, alienation
Biography:
Anca-Narcisa Leizeriuc (n. 1984), Ph.D. student at Alexandru
IoanCuza University of Iasi, Faculty of Letters.The title of the doctoral
research is Mircea Ivnescu searching for the lost paradise. High school teacher of
Romanian and French literature.
Published articles:
Biogarfismul difuz ipoezia lui Mircea Ivnescu, n Vatra, 2011,
Nr. 11, pp. 24-30;
Avatarurile fantasticului la Mircea Eliadei Jorge Luis Borges, n
Limb, cultur icivilizaie. Idei n dialog, Editura Politehnica Press,
Bucureti, 2010, pp. 234-239;
Apariia postmodernismului n literatura american i omn, n
rossing boundaries in culture and communication. Journal of the
Department of Foreign Languages, Romanian American University, vol.
II, nr. 1, EdituraUniversitar, Bucureti, 2011, pp. 136-143;
Re-cunoaterea sacrului la Mircea Eliade i noutatea fantasticului mitologic, n
Gafton, Alexandru; Guia, Sorin; Milic, Ioan, Text i discurs religios, Editura
Universitii Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iai, 2011, pp. 521-529;
Biogarfismul difuz i poezia lui Mircea Ivnescu, n Studii umaniste i
perspective interculturale.Cercetri ale doctoranzilor n filologie, Editura
Universitii Petru Maior, Trgu-Mure, 2011, pp. 320-330;
Intertextualitatea mitic la Mircea Eliade i Mircea Ivnescu, n Omul
i mitul, 2011, Editura Universitii tefan cel Mare Suceava, 2011.
205
Man as the Alter Ego of the Artificial Human Being

[Omul natural ca alter ego al omului artificial]
Marcela-Mdlina MACOVEI 12
Abstract
Far from being a simple copy of divine creation, the human being is
always on a race to beat his ontological condition through intellectual
efforts, the scope of which is being more like the Creator. This article aims
to analyse the ways in which humans have obtained freedom from their
Creator. Starting from a series of myths such as Golem and Frankenstein,
the human being will always try to overcome its own mortal limits. Through
all the tehnological breakthroughs in various fields, the human being will
always reassess its mortal condition and try to obtain immortality. The
human being is always evolving through technology. The question is if the
human being is using the technical resources and knowledge at its disposal in
moderation. Adopting an artificial way of being and acting, can create the
impression that we reflect our individuality in todays innovations and
artificial creations. Is the human becoming a superhuman through his
innovations or not?
This is another paradigm of thought which is proposed to being
tested by our contemporaries.
The natural man which evolves cyclically can regain its supremacy in
its own world by parting with nature.
Keywords:
human being, creation, technology, myth, paradigm
Biography:
Marcela-Mdlina Macovei- associated professor at F.E.G. Iai,
Phd. Student at Faculty of Social and Political Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza
University, Iai, published articles: Forme alienate ale ludicului (2011),
Psychoanalytic Perspective of The Agressive Instinct (2011), Rolul tiinelor socio-umane
n pregtirea profesional a cursanilor (2011), Agresivitatea jocurilor online ntre mit i
realitate (2011), The Pleasure of Violence: A Demonical Display of Power (2011), The
Honor and The Blood Sacrifice (2011).
1 Ph.D. Candidate at Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, Al. I. Cuza
University, Iasi, profesor collaborator at Green Ecologica Foundation (F.E.G.), Iasi,
Department of Social Humanistic Sciences, Email Address: madalina_mcv@yahoo.com,
Phone no. 0040740646612
2 This work was supported by the the European Social Fund in Romania, under the
responsibility of the Managing Authority for the Sectoral Operational Programme for
Human Resources Development 2007-2013 [grant POSDRU/CPP 107/DMI
1.5/S/78342].
206
Prevailing Ideologies in the Romanian Literary Press of the

70s
[Ideologii dominante n presa literar romneasc a anilor 70]
Corina Maria MARIN
1 2
Abstract
The present paper aims to analyze how the political and social
context of the 70s was reflected in writers attitude. Our main objective will
be the investigation of the literary press of the 70s (Romnia Literar,
Luceafrul, Scnteia). The analysis will show how much writers have
complied with the dictatorial regime type, where the arts are required to
become part of propaganda, and writers to be agitators. We must underline
the fact that the connection between the political, social and cultural factor,
is not a mechanical one, meaning that a decision of the political factor,
however repressive and dictatorship it is, it will not be applied immediately
and not always in the form desired by the initiator. Things become more
difficult to analyze when there are unusual institutions: professional
organizations - as was the Writers Union - which had only limited authority
over members, and the totalitarian state, declaring itself a democrat and
supporter of arts and culture, was forced to use blackmail, manipulation or
threat members to ensure obedience. The 70s were not uniform either in
terms of goals pursued by the Communist Party, or from the perspective of
literary production. However the 70s are seen as a golden age of national
poetry and prose, fruit of joint creative tradition and innovation, even
though writers have faced pressure and censorship imposed by the
Communist Party.
Keywords:
literary press, ideologies, communism.
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Lucian Blaga University, Sibiu, Faculty of Letters and Arts, Sibiu,
Romnia, Email Address: corina.marin@ulbsibiu.ro, Phone no. +40 756080899
2 (Cercetare realizat n cadrul proiectului POSDRU/CPP107/DMI1.5/S/78651 cu titlul
Armonizarea valenelor romneti cu cele ale comunitii europene, cofinanat din Fondul
Social European prin Programul Sectorial pentru Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007 2013)
207

Biography:
Corina Maria MARIN, Ph.D. student (n. 1985) 2008 the Faculty of
Journalism of the University "Lucian Blaga" of Sibiu, with a final paper on
Political Communication. Since 2010 is a PhD student, with a POSDRU grant,
at "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, under the scientific coordination of
prof. Dr. Gheorghe Manolache, with research field of Romanian Literature
of the 70s and 80s (entitled: Prevailing ideologies in the Romanian Literature of the
70s and 80s). During undergraduate studies and master, she participates in
students colloquia with hermeneutic literary works (National Colloquium
"Lucian Blaga" in Sibiu).
During the doctoral research she publishes two articles on cultural
orientation after 1989 and analysis of Romanian Literary Environment of
the 70s and 80s, volumes 1 and 2 of the series Studia Philologica
Doctoralia, Sibiu, 2010.
208
Myths of the Nation in Joseph Roths Die Bste des Kaisers

[The Bust of the Emperor]
Vilma MIHLY 1
Abstract
The following study aims at analyzing the development of myths of
the nation/nationalism in Joseph Roths short story Die Bste des Kaisers [The
Bust of the Emperor].
The theoretical basis is represented by Benedict Andersons Imagined
Communities. Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (1986), in which
he states that the nation is an invented/created structure.
Monarchy-literature that is literature written in/during/about the
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy offers us a great opportunity to analyze the
becoming of nations. Royalty and monarchy, representing the political
community opposing the nation, were held together by acknowledging the
status of its subordinates and by being capable of taking in anyone because
they were only concerned with having their dominance accepted. This
antithesis shows us the dark face of the nation as well: a nation cannot
remain an open community; it is not capable of accepting others without
trying to assimilate them, because it came into being when fighting wars
against other nations and therefore cannot imagine itself without borders.
The myths of the nation and the symbols which are keeping them
alive are also on todays agenda: nationalism resurrects from time to time,
new nations are born, or old ones restate their identities.
Keywords:
myths, nation, nationalism, monarchy
Biography:
Mihly Vilma-Irn was born on the 22nd of September 1979, in
Miercurea Ciuc. She graduated in philology, German-English, from the West
University of Timioara in 2002. In 2003 she obtained an MA degree in
philology. From 2003 to 2005 she taught German as a foreign language in
Miercurea Ciuc. In 2006 she joined the Sapientia EMTE University in
Miercurea Ciuc, where she has been working as a teaching assistant since
then. In 2010 she was conferred the doctors degree in philology. Research
work and publications in the field of foreign language teaching, contrastive
literature, mythology and literature.
1 Dr., Sapientia University, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania, vilma_gote@yahoo.com, tel. 0745
322 955
209
Tozgrec Written by Ioan Petru Culianu or the Labyrinth of

Interpretation
[Tozgrec de Ioan Petru Culianu sau labirintul interpretrii]

Anca Ramona MATEI 1 2
Abstract:
The unfinished novel Tozgrec represents the most mysterious literary
creation written by Ioan Petru Culianu, an uncomfortable writer whose
specific pattern cannot only be rendered through the traditional theories of
narration or through the ordinary investigation instruments of fantastic
literature. This speculative type of narration combines gnostic myths,
religious belief as well as scientific thesis in order to create a complicated
puzzle for re-reading. Mythocriticism, mind games theory or the novel
conceived as a knowledge instrument are possible paths of interpretation for
this textual labyrinth that mainly elaborates the theme of magic and of the
control stressed on individuals.
Tozgrec represents a meditation on existence and on the world, and it
anticipates a warning related to the dark future of humanity.
Keywords:
mythocriticism, gnosticism, mind games, re-reading, the novel
as a knowledge instrument, magic
Biography:
Anca Ramona Andruc (Matei) is a Ph. D. Student, IIIrd Year, at
Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iai, Romania. Her fields of interest are:
new theoretical and cultural approaches, imaginary, comparative literature.
She participated in different international conferences and she has published
articles on Ioan Petru Culianus literary work. Among her publications we
mention: Redescoperirea gndirii mistico-magice n postmodernitate, n Parpal,
Emilia, Popescu, Carmen (coord.), Postmodernismul. Creaie i interpretare,
Editura Universitaria Craiova, 2011; Motive gnostice n volumul Arta fugii de Ioan
Petru Culianu, n Transilvania/seria nou, anul XL (CXLIV), Nr. 2/2012;
Mihai Eminescu n interpretarea dual a lui Ioan Petru Culianu, n vol. (Re)orientri,
Editura Argonaut, Cluj-Napoca, 2012.
Ph.D. Candidate, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iai, Romnia, Email Address:
ramonamatei78@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040742815049
2 *Not: Aceast lucrare a fost realizat n cadrul proiectului Studii doctorale: portal spre o
carier de excelen n cercetare i societatea cunoaterii, cofinanat prin Programul
Operaional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007-2013 [grant POSDRU
/88/1.5/S/47646].
1
210
Romanian Literary Histories between Tradition and

Modernity
[Istorii literare romneti ntre tradiie i modernitate]
Ioana Andreea MIRCEA 1 2
Abstract
The present paper aims to analyze Romanian literary histories,
published after 1990, from different perspectives: tradition and canon and
modernity and multiple canons. In the last two decades there has been a
notable effort made by Romanian historians to present a literary history as
accurate as possible through various interpretations. This analysis will show
how the literary histories have influenced the development of the genre in
Romania as well as to illustrate the crisis that these productions seem to go
through nowadays at a conceptual level. This genre has evolved based on
tradition and canon to a modern perspective on the contemporary literary
productions. The traditional literary histories, claiming a reccurent model in
G. Calinescu, have an extensive narrative structure, aiming to be a
representation of a totality and trying to give the impression that they can
cover, present and interpret almost all literary productions of a certain
period (usually from origins to present). The modern literary histories,
having an illustrative historian in N. Manolescu, might have a compressed
narrative structure but they have innovative principles of writing like
interpretation and fragmentation, a plurarity of views, with a clear view of
the inner and the outer of multiculturalism of literatures and they can focus
on a smaller period, on themes or motifs, even on literary eccentricities. We
have made a critical historical analysis of the most important literary
histories appeared after 1990 where we have illustrated what is a possible
future of this kind of productions in the next few years. Literary histories
will not disappear because there will always be a need of organizing the
literary productions on different criteria. The widen concept of literary
history will create an overture of a synchronization with international literary
history.
Ph.D. Canditate, Lucian Blaga University, Sibiu, Faculty of Letters and Arts, Sibiu,
Romnia, Email Address: ioana.mircea@ulbsibiu.ro, Phone no. +40 740124458
2 (Cercetare realizat n cadrul proiectului POSDRU/CPP107/DMI1.5/S/78651 cu titlul
Armonizarea valenelor romneti cu cele ale comunitii europene, cofinanat din Fondul
Social European prin Programul Sectorial pentru Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007 2013)
1
211

Keywords:
literary history, traditional, modern, national
Biography:
Ioana Andreea Mircea, PhD student (b. 1984) has graduated in
2007 the Faculty of Letters and Arts of the University "Lucian Blaga" of
Sibiu, with a final paper on critical work of Nicolae Manolescu (entitled
Nicolae Manolescu and critical fragmentation). Since 2009 she is a PhD student,
with a POSDRU grant, of "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, under the
scientific coordination of prof. Dr. Gheorghe Manolache, in the research
field of literary criticism and history and she writes a doctoral thesis with the
title: Traditional and modern in the construction of literary histories appeared after 1990.
During undergraduate studies and master, she participates in students
colloquia with hermeneutic literary works ("Lucian Blaga" National
Colloquium in Sibiu).
During the doctoral research she publishes two articles on
contemporary literary history and an analysis of literary histories
construction emerged after 1990 in Literary Phenomenon Hermeneutics,
volumes 1 and 2 of the series Studia Philologica Doctoralia, Sibiu, 2010.
212
Romanian Architects in Reclusion. Methodological Aspects

and Short Case Study
Vlad MITRIC-CIUPE 1
Abstract
In order to define the raison-dtre of a nation we cannot refer solely
to its capacity for subsistence, but also its capacity to produce and preserve
values, through its cultural patrimony. Totalitarian regimes have carried out a
strong campaign to destroy this identity, in order to replace it with a new
one, an official one, an easily controllable one. Thus, one of the main social
categories that got sucked into the repressive machine was represented by
the intellectuals. The case of Romania is somewhat special primarily due to
the lack of an authentic Lustration Law. The memoirs produced by the
survivors of the terror regime, dubbed by the explorations of researchers, we
believe are yet to genuinely unravel the real dimensions of the tragedy that
occurred.
As far as the architects are concerned, we believe that the steps taken
thus far towards the recovery of their memory are merely at the beginning
and are meant simply to open the path of authentic research in this
direction. If on a much larger scale we already have various analyses and
critical works, the individual destinies of the architects that suffered the
extreme severity of the communist regime through political incarceration
are virtually unknown to the architectural community, not to mention the
larger public. The fall of the Iron Curtain triggered immense human losses
either through elimination or extermination and the cleansing of the
academic community, the marginalization and incarceration of architects
were all elements that completed the transformation of the professional
architect into a mere public-servant-technician. And the effects of this
unfortunate process are only now acutely visible in todays society, through
the lack of genuine role models, through the lack of architects that could
have served as examples that are not (really) there, through the absence of
the architecture that could have been there now and is not (really) there at
all.
The research entitled Architects in Reclusion sets out to bring to
light completely unknown elements from the nightmare these people, these
architects went through, in the larger context of repression and
extermination of the cultural elite of that age. While the architects
organizations in Romania are aware of several architects that had been
1 Asist. Drd. Arh. Spiru Haret University, Faculty of Architecture, Bucharest, Romania.
Research project financed by the Union of Architects from Romania Email Address:
vlad.mitric@adproiect.ro, Phone no. 0040726638587
213

imprisoned by the communist regime, the present research (yet unfinished)
managed to identify so far well over 70 names of architects and also to
recover much of the latent and publically inaccessible documentation
relating to them. As far as methodology is concerned I would like to make
reference to the following: existing memoires; the identification and
interviewing of various former surviving political prisoners (at the level of
the year 2012); the identification and interviewing of various relatives of
architects politically imprisoned by the communist regime; the identification
of relevant documents in the following Archives: the CNSAS (National
Council for the Study of the Archives of the Securitate), the AANP
(Archives of the National Penitentiary Administration), the AN (National
Archives) and several others.
We would like to mark as defining for our study the recovery of the
memory and work of people eliminated from the public life, incarcerated
and upon release, marginalized and stigmatized, that have however left
behind genuine treasures that await to be brought up to the light (poetry,
paining, stage design, graphics, architectural design, etc.) an endeavor that
would not only complete the history of architects in Romania but would also
contribute to the studies being carried out on the communist repressive
system in this country.
Keywords:
Architecture,
Architect
Communism,
Memory,
Political
Incarceration,
Biography:
Vlad Mitric-Ciupe is an architect and assistant professor in Spiru
Haret University, Faculty of Architecture and Phdc at Ion Mincu University
of architecture and urbanism with a thesis entitled Architecture of
memory. The author graduated Architecture and Urbanism Colleg at Ion
Mincu Architecture and Urbanism University in 2005 , the Faculty of
Architecture at Spiru Haret University in 2010 (chief of promotion with a
diploma project that proposed a Comunist Crimes Museum in Jilava 13th
Fort) , Master degree in Architecture at Ion Mincu Architecture and
Urbanism University in 2012
With an important interest in recent history, he is involved in
research projects at the intersection between architecture and history,
expecially the totalitarian period in Romania the destiny of Romanian
architects and architecture and the suffering sites ex-politica prisons in
Romania (1944-1964)
214
Xenisms of French Origin in the Novel Disheveled

Virgins by Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu
[Xenisme de origine francez n romanul Fecioarelor
despletite de Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu]
Adina- Simona MITROFAN 1
Abstract
In this paper we aim to undertake an analysis of the way in which
some un-adapted or partially adapted loans (xenisms) of French origin were
valued in the novel Disheveled Virgins by Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu. In
terms of graphics, most xenisms keep the closest form to the French
etymon, the adaptation process being deliberately "slowed" for stylistic
reasons (keeping the " la franaise" pronunciation and spelling ).
Exceptions are only a few elements which, in an attempt to become more
Romanian, have achieved more of a hybrid aspect. However, although the
graphical aspect of the source language has been kept, the studied lexical
items have received grammatical markers able to ensure their inclusion in a
particular lexico-grammatical class, thus adapting to the syntactic
requirements of the context in which they are used. Regarding the referential
aspect, the lack of lexicographical reference as well as the fact that these
terms used to designate new realities, which entered the Romanian cultural
space not long before, resulted in confusion in the use of these foreign
elements or in their redundant use.
Keywords:
loanword, xenism, linguistic contact, stylistic effect, loanword
adaptation
Ph.D. Candidate, tefan cel Mare University, Suceava,

adinasimona79@yahoo.com, Phone no 0040744240680
Email Address:
215
A Philosophical Theory of Learning without Teacher in the

17th Century. Nicolas Malebranche
[O teorie filosofic a nvrii fr profesor n secolul al XVII-lea.
Nicolas Malebranche]
Cristian MOISUC 1 2
Abstract:
Nicolas Malebranche's philosophical system contains a surprising
theory of learning. This theory assumes that those who are called teachers
must be seen rather as some monitors, like people whose role is to guide the
subject in order to acquire new knowledge without any human help or
support. Malebranche believes that monitors should be consulted as rarely as
possible because as humans, they are subjects to their own errors. In order
to establish his theory of learning without a teacher Malebranche will call
and on some traditional data of Augustinian theology. He will intend to
prove that only God can be called the Teacher that provides the real
knowledge, through the light that He spreads into the souls of those who
love Him. Malebranche's theory of divine illumination and his method of
learning (based on the attention to God) show a philosophical
preoccupation for an educational alternative in the seventeen century.
Keywords:
learning theory, education, teacher, illumination, attention to God
Biography:
Selection of published articles: Parler exactement de Dieu.
Linterpretation rationnelle de lEcriture chez Malebranche, in Meta. Research
in Hermeneutics, Phenomenology and Practical Philosophy, Vol.III No.1/2010, pp.
175-194, La controverse sur la pluralit des formes substantielles et sur
lunit de lindividu chez saint Thomas dAquin in Alexander Baumgarten
(ed.) Studii tomiste, Editura Eikon, Cluj, 2009, pp.99-119, Aristotlisme et
christologie au XIII-me sicle. Le problme du corps du Christ mort dans
les derniers crits de saint Thomas dAquin, in Meta. Research in Hermeneutics,
Scientific Researcher Ph.D., Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, Al. I.
Cuza University, Iasi, Faculty of History and Philosphy, Babes-Bolyai University, ClujNapoca, Email Address : cristian.moisuc@uaic.ro
2 Sursa de finantare a cercetarii : This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian
National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RUPD-2011-3-0011
1
216

Phenomenology and Practical Philosophy, Vol.I, No.1/2009, pp. 137-154, La
phnomnalit de lme chez Malebranche entre ide et sentiment :
largument du manchot, in Analele tiinifice ale Universitii Al.I. Cuza din
Iai (Serie nou). Filosofie, Vol. LVI / 2009, pp. 29-43, Res cogitans et res
extensa: les objections de Gassendi et de la Princesse Elisabeth et les
hsitations de Descartes, in Analele tiinifice ale Universitii Al.I. Cuza din
Iai (Serie nou). Filosofie, Vol. LIV / 2007, pp. 51-62
217
An Analyze of the Concept of Citizen from the Perspective

of the First Romanian Constitution
[O analiz a conceptului de cetean din perspectiva primei
Constituii a Romniei]
Adina Laura GHI (cs. NASTA) 1
Abstract
In this study I propose to analyze the concept of citizen through the
legal language reflected by the first Romanian Constitution. The importance
of this study is given by the increased interest manifested in European
historiography for the conceptual history in general and for the decoding of
the concept of citizen, especially in French, Britain and German cultural
spaces in particular.
All democratic regimes are built based on the concept of citizen.
This became the center of the political project and had a key role in
redefining social identities. The problem of political rights concerned the
Romanian society especially in the second half of the 19th century, when the
establishment of the modern state brought to the foreground of debates the
right to vote and the political participation. The legislation regulating the
right to vote, understood as a discursive product of the time and interpreted
in the ideational, social and cultural context in wich appears may open new
research directions.
Keywords:
conceptual history, modern history, Constitution, citizen, 19th
century, Romania.
Biography
Nasta Adina PhD student at the History Departement, West
University of Timioara, Faculty of Letters, History and Theology, studied
Law at the University of Craiova, Faculty of Law and Administrative Science
and BA in History at the West University of Timioara, Faculty of Letters,
History and Theology, History teacher at Technical College Electrotimi in
Timioara, member of the Romanian Society of Historical Science.
Ph.D. Candidate, West University, Timisoara, Faculty of Letters, History and Theology,
Section: History, Center of Conceptual History Studies Reinhardt Koselleck, Email
Address: adinanasta@yahoo.com, Phone no. 0040729835888
1
218
The Role of Propaganda of Late-ancient Imperial Sculpture

in Romania
[Rolul propagandistic al sculpturii imperiale antic-trzii n
Romnia]
Ioana - Iulia OLARU 1
Abstract
The purpose of a paper about Late Antiquity on the territory of
Romania is didactic, introducing a chapter which is absent from all types of
presentations of the History of Romanian Art. This material is part of a
more complex project, of re-updating the History of Romanian Art, a
comprehensive study which is highly necessary for the time being. It is a
study having a scientific purpose, but also a methodical-didactic one, the
accent falling on the role of art as a political and religious tool serving
power.
The present fragment which refers not only to the field of ronde
bosse sculpture, but also to imperial sculpture (compared to that which was
for cult or funerary), is a personal contribution (which is also based on
research work), bringing forward values of the tridimensional sculpture
found on the territory of Romania from the time of Late Antiquity, from the
perspective of the two poles: political imperial propaganda and religious
propaganda, of developing Christianity. The objective of these works most
of them being sculpted heads of the Roman emperors, but also an imperial
statue was that of making known the faces of all the rulers from Rome and
also of the imperial ideal.
Even if we refer to a provincial art, with features which are strongly
connected to the albums of models from the workshops of the great
artistic centres, their sculptures being the direct expression of the official art,
faces being specific enough to suppose that they are portraits. Stylistically
speaking, technical innovations and experiments are reflected on our
territory by the Roman statuary of Late Antiquity: the usage of the trepan
that brings life to sculptures by the artistic effects of the play of lights and
shadows, the marking of the iris and of the eyeball. Therefore, in both
provinces of our territory (Dacia Traiana and Scythia Minor), the cult of the
emperor the official religion of the Roman Empire was
propagandistically supported by the statues that embelished temples,
basilicas or public places.
Lecturer Ph.D., Faculty of Fine, Decorative Arts and Design, Arts University G.
Enescu, Iai, Romnia, Email Address: olaruioana2004@yahoo.com; Phone no.
0040762160896
219

In order to support the demonstration, I made comparisons between
the sculpted portraits which were found on the territory of our country and
those found in the other parts of the Empire, based on them, the Romanian
researchers could propose identifications. The photographs from my
personal archive make the comprehension of the stylistic analysis that will
accompany these presentations much easier.
Keywords:
statuary, Late Antiquity, propaganda, portrait, trepan
220
Kant & the Enlightenment

Antonio PELE 1
Abstract
Kants ideas on the Enlightenment are especially prevalent in his
well-known article An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?
published in the Berlinishe Monatsschrift (a monthly journal published in
Berlin) in December of 1784. As its title indicates, it is an answer to a
question that the reverend Zllner posed one year earlier in the same
journal. For Foucault, Kants article will have important consequences in
relation to modern philosophy, not only for its attempt to define the
Enlightenment, but most importantly for connecting philosophy to its
present and for beingat the crossroads of critical reflection and reflection
on history. It is a reflection by Kant on the contemporary status of his own
enterprise (). And, by looking at it in this way, it seems to me we may
recognize a point of departure: the outline of what one might call the
attitude of modernity () struggling with attitudes of countermodernity
2. In the same sense, according to Paton, Kant is the apostle of human
freedom and the champion of the common man. Thus a truer view of
Kants ethics will show him as the philosopher, not of rigorism, but of
humanity3.
Keywords:
Kant, Enlightenment
Biography:
Antonio Pele is an assistant professor in Legal Philosophy at Carlos
III University of Madrid. His scholarship intersects philosophy, legal
philosophy, and ethics. He is particularly interested in the notion of human
dignity as the grounding of human rights. He has published three books
concerning this idea: "La dignidad humana. Sus orgenes en el pensamiento
clsico", Dykinson, Madrid, 2010. "El discurso de la dignitas hominis en el
humanismo del Renacimiento", Dykinson, Madrid, 2012 and "El Sujeto
humano en el siglo XVII. Mquina pensante, Funmbulo Agnico & Homo
Iuridicus", EAE Publishing, Saarbrken, 2012
Assistant Professor in Legal Philosophy Carlos III University of Madrid, Email Address:
antonio apele@der-pu.uc3m.es
2 Michel Foucault, What is Enlightenment? in Paul Rabinow (ed.), The Foucault Reader,
(New York: Pantheon Books, 1984), p. 38 & 39.
3 Herbert J. Paton, The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kants Moral Philosophy,
(Chicago: University of Chicago, 1948), p.171 & 198.
1
221
To Sell Ones Nation Developing an Irony of National

Representation
Oana-Maria PETROVICI 1
Abstract
The paper aims to explore the idea of national identity in a longdebated dichotomy: the image of a nation in the eyes of its members and in
the eyes of the buying public, both instances being of artistic authorship.
The authors selected for this study are Hugh MacDiarmid A Drunk Man
Looks at the Thistle and Kazuo Ishiguro with his An Artist of the Floating
World. Hugh MacDiarmid remains to his day Scotlands national poet and
explores his nations identity from inside whereas Kazuo Ishiguro, a writer
successfully adopted into contemporary British literature, reevaluates the
concept of national identity from outside using a post-World War II
narrative. His study comes at a time when, post-nationalism sinking in, the
old internationalist ambition of (proclaimed) national artists is now reflected in
a misguided collection of commercial stereotypes commissioned always by
foreign buyers and delivered by wholesale clich manufacturers. Serving
ones nation was a justified urge around the War of Nations, but it is found
again in a surprising guise of treason with the artist that Ishiguro erects in a
place open to globalization. When recent theories of nationalism converge in
concluding that, instead of using one or the other definition of a nation, it is
wiser to refer to a plurality of voices, in a contemporary international
context a nations international standing is viewed, ironically, as a bipolar
activity between sheer religion and fashion.
Keywords:
national identity, national artist, otherness, internationalism, postnationalism
Biography:
Oana-Maria Petrovici, PhD (2011, nationalism in Scottish literature),
currently Assistant Lecturer in the English Department, Alexandru Ioan
Cuza University of Iasi, Romania. BA in English and French, and MA in
American Cultural Studies both at Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of
Iasi, Romania. Fields of research: British literature, TEFL methodology,
translations and interpreting. Research and teaching mobilities: Middlesex
University of London, UK. Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg,
Germany. Participation in projects: eCoLoMedia (translations, interpreting,
localization), ASISTSYS (learning tools)
1 Ph. D., Assistant Lecturer English Department , Faculty of Letters, Alexandru Ioan
Cuza University of Iasi, Romania, Email Address: oanamariapetrovici@yahoo.co.uk ,
phone: 0040721 516 459
222
The New Atlantis, A One of a Kind Utopia

[Noua Atlantid, o utopie altfel ]
Teodora PRELIPCEAN 1
Abstract
As a literary genre, utopia puts forth the model of a social-political
theory and the scope of the latter encompasses various sub-models. In this
context, it is clear that the theme of the construction of imaginary worlds
has pervaded the entire history of philosophy, receiving various names
according to time and space: The Republic in Plato, Utopia in Thomas
Morus, The City of the Sun in Tommaso Campanella, Christianopolis in
Valentin Andrae etc. In the English philosopher and political man Francis
Bacon, a successor of the series of modern utopias, this dream bears the
name of The New Atlantis.
In most utopian writings the central place belongs, on the one hand,
to the criticism against the society in which the authors live and work and,
on the other hand, to the imagining of a world ruled by the greatest good.
Yet, in The New Atlantis Bacon emphasises the position held by science
within the community of Bensalem. This thesis is revealed progressively
through the opinions of the governor of the House of Strangers. The
starting point is, in fact, the great plan of reforming and reorganising
philosophical knowledge, such as it is described mainly in the New Organon.
In brief, the construction presented in the New Organon shows that science
means power or, in other words, that mans science and power are identical
notions. This idea permeates as a red thread Bacons utopia, and this is what
we are going to demonstrate in this study, thus being entitled to consider
The New Atlantis a one of a kind utopia or a scientific utopia.
of ligh
Keywords:
utopia, science, power, wisdom, the seeker of knowledge, merchants
Associate Prof. Ph.D., Faculty of Political And Administrative Sciences, and Chairman of
the Department of Soco Humanistic Sciences within Petre Andrei University from Iasi,
Email Address: lylyprelipcean@yahoo.com
223
From Culianu to Michael A. Williams Issues in Defining

Gnosticism
[De la Culianu la Michael A. Williams probleme n definirea
gnosticsmului]
Victor Alexandru PRICOPI 1
Abstract
Nowadays, the category of gnosticism has become very ambiguous
and problematic. There are different paradigms in defining the concept of
gnosticism and because of this, there still are controversies between the
most prominent scholars. In this paper my aim is to show how this concept
changed from Culianu to Williams. In one of the late papers of Ioan Petru
Culianu, gnosticism was seen like a sick sign. From this observation,
Michael A. Williams came to dismantle the concept of gnosticism and to
replace this concept with biblical demiurgical traditions.
Keywords:
gnosticism, heresy, religion, gnosis, Demiurge.
Biography:
Pricopi Victor Alexandru is PhD student at the Al.I.Cuza
University of Iasi, Romania. His research interests are the ancient
philosophy, especially Plato, the history of religions and the early christianity.
1 Phd. Student, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iai, Department of Philosophy, Email
Address: pricopi@gmail.com
224
Alethic Aspects of Art: A Phenomenological Hermeneutical

Perspective on Artistic Truth
[Valene alethice ale artei: o perspectiv fenomenologico

hermeneutic asupra adevrului artistic]
Anca Raluca PURCARU 1
Abstract
The present study shows the pertinence of a truth concept based on
the Phenomenological Hermeneutics, a concept capable of retrieving the
truth of the art work.
The hermeneutical experience is not a scientific research method. It
describes the way in which all human experiences take place. The
philosophical analyses of Hans Georg Gadamer show that the hermeneutical
experience allows us to retrieve the truth of the non-scientific areas, namely
of art. Truth is not a question method use, but of engaging in dialogue.
Dialogue is more than a communication way, it forms the very structure of
human understanding. Gadamers analyses of the statements logical
structure show that truth happens by placing oneself in the interrogative
situation of dialogue. The languages enlightenment power is inherent to
Logos. This Ancient Greek concept means that the world can manifest itself
and can be understood only through language. Truth is like play in the way
we are conquered by the game of language when understanding happens.
Understanding is gaining a new perspective on the world and it has the
structure of dialogue, because it submits to the dialectics of questioning and
answering and it depends on grasping the truth of a different world horizon,
enlarging our own in the process.
Experiencing art through the hermeneutical consciousness is
understanding art as play and dialogue. The experience of the art work is
similar with that of the play, in which we are being completely seduced by its
world, which we experience with sacred seriousness. The experience of the
art work is engaging oneself into dialogue with the work and understanding
what it reveals us. The truth value of the art work doesnt depend on its
correspondence with reality, but on the way in which the art work discloses
us something important of our world which it transfigures through fiction.
The fictions alethic value has been underlined by philosophers such as
Heidegger, Gadamer, Dufrenne, Ricoeur and their followers. Through art
we gain a new meaning of the world. The world of the art is rooted in the
human experience of the world, of the common ground of existence, in the
Ph.D. in Philosophy, Researcher at Petre Andrei University from Iasi, Romania, Phone
no. 0040751076184; Email Address: ralu_pur@yahoo.com
225

world of life. Arts vision is as legit as that offered to us by science or
religion.
The relevance of this dialogical concept of truth and its
consequences for the art work are discussed in this study by analyzing both
classical and recent contributions to hermeneutical phenomenology.
Keywords:
hermeneutical experience, play, Logos, disclosure, dialogue
226
Appreciative Ethics of Care

Antonio SANDU 1
Daniela COJOCARU 2
Simona PONEA 3 4
Abstract
Ethics of care is a theoretical model centered on the
interdependence of the actors involved in the care. The ethics of care takes
into account the fact that some communities or individuals are more
vulnerable than others, thus requiring further attention. As a moral theory,
ethics of care emphasizes the interdependence and relationship elements
that are established in the human existence. Among the most important
promoters of ethics of care, we mention Milton Mayeroff, who formulated
the term of ethics of care, Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings who founded
ethics of care as a distinctive moral theory that presents the voice of care,
seen as an alternative to liberal theories on human rights. Kohlberg's model,
as Gilligan says, is a male perspective on moral reasoning, which contrasts
the care perspective that comes from hearing other significant voices in
moral development, such as: women, children, etc.
Keywords:
appreciative ethics, ethics of care, appreciative inquiry.
2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. POPA, Iasi, Romania;
3 Research Assistant at Lumen Research Center in Social and Humanistic Sciences, Lumen
4 Note: Paper presented as poster within World Appreciative Inquiry Conference, 25-28 of
April, Ghent, Belgium. Authors: Antonio SANDU, Daniela COJOCARU, Simona
PONEA.
1
227

Acknowledgements
228
Ethical and Philosophical Appreciative Counseling

Antonio SANDU 1
Simona PONEA 2 3
Abstract
Philosophical counseling proposes to transform lives, by
rediscovering interrogative and interpretative dimension of human
consciousness and its application to the everyday experience of metaphysical
freedom implemented from the metaphysical plan into the social plan.
Applied philosophy states in areas such as: psychosocial counseling,
management strategies, ethical guidance, thus becoming part of social action.
On one hand, the appreciative inquiry model has as an epistemological
ground the principle of social connectivity and interdependence. Individuals
are not only equipped with selfactualization potential which can produce
social change, they are the very key in changing attitudes through attitudes
they generate in social networks and the answers generated within these
networks. The individuals autonomy is, in the context of appreciative
philosophical practice (counseling), represented especially through this selfactualization potential.
Keywords:
philosophical counseling, appreciative ethics, authonomy
2 Research Assistant at Lumen Research Center in Social and Humanistic Sciences, Lumen
3 Note: Paper presented as poster within World Appreciative Inquiry Conference, 25-28 of
April, Ghent, Belgium. Authors: Antonio SANDU, Simona PONEA.
1
229

Acknowledgements
230
The Concept of Autonomy in Bioethics and Applied Ethics

[Conceptul de autonomie n bioetic i etic aplicat]
Antonio SANDU 1 2
Abstract:
In analyzing the concept of autonomy we start from the definition
according to which autonomy is the individual's ability to live his life
according to his own reason and motivation, based on own free decisions
not manipulated or distorted by external forces. The analysis of the concept
of autonomy makes necessary to refer to the philosophical category of
freedom. The human experience of freedom emerges through the existence
of the limits. The category of freedom experienced subjectively by the
individual in dealing with his own limitations generates a behavior on self
(autonomy) or obedience (heteronomy). The correlation between autonomy
and freedom is strong in what is called positive freedom, some authors even
suggesting an overlap. The present paper takes into account the similarities
and differences between the two concepts, as they are presented in the
bioethics and applied ethics literature. We will analyse through qualitativeinterpretative methodology the opinions of diabetes doctors and general
practitioners regarding the importance of the relationship doctor-patient
within the establishment of autonomy of patient with chronic diseases and
the ethical impact of this type of relationship.
Keywords:
autonomy, applied ethics, self-achievement, autonomy theories
2 Note: Paper presented as poster within The seventh National Conference of Bioethics and
Ethics regarding health, in the context of globalization [Conferinta Nationala de Bioetica
Etica in sanatate in contextul globalizarii], 22-25 of September 2011, Bucuresti. Author:
Antonio SANDU
1
231

Acknowledgements
232
Traces of AI in the Eastern Culture

M.R. SREESHA 1
Abstract
Being spiritual seekers and Appreciative Inquirers, the thought that
"we see what we believe", helped us to see traces of Appreciative Inquiry in
the Eastern culture. The curiosity to discover different cultures, thoughts
and philosophies which correlate, resemble and resonate with Al turned out
to be our provocation.
4 D model of Al
Discovery (energy of all consciousness) Dream (energy of will) and
Design (energy of knowledge) and Delivery (energy of action) Tantra as a
combination of the five universal energies, (energy of all-consciousness),
ananda shakti (energy of all-bliss), iccha shakti (energy of all will), jnana
shakti (energy of all-knowledge), kriya shakti (energy of all-action).
Results
- Able to see the culture of appreciation in our own organization
- Positive response from prospective clients on Al philosophy
- Action plan post engagement clearly reflects the positive
atmosphere in teams and across the organization eg ; Spencers
- High relevance of Al in Vision, Mission, Values and Goal setting
exercises eg: McAfee, Tutor Vista.
Learning
- Appreciative mindset begins with seif
- Conviction in the philosophy reflects in the engagement process
- When the origin of philosophy is traced to the cultural roots, the
acceptance is better
- Building Appreciative mindset in teams and institutions is fongterm process and like running a marathon
Pegasus Institute For Excellence, India, Email Address: sreesha@pegasusinstitute.com
233
The Role and Importance of the Greatest Romanian

Literature Classics within Nowadays Cultural Frame and
Society
[Rolul i importana clasicilor literaturii romne n cadrul
societii i culturii actuale]
Oana STANCULESCU ILIE 1
Abstract
"Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the
utmost possible degree."- Ezra Pound
As the soil, however rich it may be cannot be productive without
cultivation, so the mind without culture can never produce good fruit. Seneca
We all live in an epoch where it is easier to copy than to create, it is
easier to borrow than to invent, it is easier to use words from other
languages than translating them into your native language, it is easier to
celebrate other peoples festal occasions than those of your own country and
culture, in a word it is easier to be someone else than to be yourself.
In an epoch of strong globalization we all have the same addiction to
be all alike, to be as modern and trendy as possible, to share new sets of
values, to long for being updated and upgraded to the newest range of
things starting with clothes, music, communication devices etc. to even
culture patterns.
Nowadays it is old fashioned reading a book when one can easily leaf
the summary on ones iphone or even better watch the 3D movie.
Given these conditions in what way can our Romanian classics of
literature can prove (if necessary) their actuality? How could they still
continue to be understood and discovered? Or are there elements that can
assure them their priceless status within the Romanian literature?
In a century where science fiction literature and movies seem to have
taken control over the children and teenagers mind can the works of authors
like Eminescu, Creanga, Slavici or Caragiale have any word to say? Do these
scholars and their masterpieces still have a message to transmit or they can
be easily and doubtless considered obsolete and fogies? Can Titu Maiorescu
still be considered the father of Romanian criticism or he can be called
just one of the visionary Romanians and just that? How can we keep alive
their memory and works and protect them against so many foreign cultural
influences and borrowings? What are those elements of the above
PhD student, 3rd year, POSDRU scholarship. Faculty of Letters, University of Craiova,
Email Address: iso.2012@yahoo.com, Phone. No. 00407 666 83 660
234

mentioned authors that confer them value, uniqueness, originality and shape
our Romanian identity anytime?
Keywords:
nowadays society; Romanian culture; Romanian classics; value;
nowadays culture; Romanian literature
Biography:
I graduated the Faculty of Letters from Craiova in 2007 as a
valedictorian, having the general average 10.
Simultaneously I graduated the Faculty of History, Philosophy,
Geography, Philosophy-Sociology section.
In 2009 I graduated a MBA called The Romanian Literature within
the European context.
From 2009 to present I am a PhD scholarship student, 2012 being
the third and my last year as a PhD.
My PhD research thesis name is: The influence of the German
culture upon the classics of the Romanian literature.
Since I graduated the two faculties I work as an Associate Professor
at the University of Craiova, teaching English to various non-philological
faculties.
I also teach English at Fratii Buzesti High School of Craiova and
at a private Language Center.
During my career I have worked as an English trainer for
international companies such as Lexis Romania, Ford Romania or EuCom
Romania.
I am the owner of an important number of national prizes obtained
during my years as a student; also I am the author of more than 30 articles
that have been published in different magazines or books of culture
(especially literary ones).
In the last three years I have participated to more than 10
international conferences.
235
Metatextual Games in the Novel Cartea de la Metopolis by

tefan Bnulescu
[Jocuri metatextuale n romanul Cartea de la Metopolis de tefan
Bnulescu]
Mihaela VATAMANU 1
Abstract
In this paper we propose an analysis of the way in which metatextual
elements appear in the novel Cartea de la Metopolis by tefan Bnulescu. This
approach is based on the application of Gerard Genettes conceits of formal
narratology as well as on the texts stratification in layers (the narrative text
disposed like a Chinese box) following the pattern of Lucien Dllenbachs
theory of the mirror in the text. Also we applied the notion of circular reading, or
rereading terms introduced in Romanian literature criticism by Matei
Clinescu as a main instrument of an adequate understanding of
Bnulescus text.
Taking into consideration conceits like those we mentioned above,
Bnulescus originality is once again revealed at this level of the narrative
technique too. The text is mainly about the Millionaire, inhabitant of
Metopolis, and his attempt of collecting all the stories in the city with the
aim of putting them together in a book. The characters brought in the
foreground of the plot enjoy their own stories thus the book that the
Millionaire wants to write consists of multiple narrative kernels. Therefore,
when referring to the novel Cartea de la Metopolis, one could unmistakably
consider it a book with windows.
As a first-degree narrator of the text, the Millionaire also uses some
second-degree narrators, like the General Marosin and the Topometrist, who
were the only ones to have witnessed the course of some events. The action
is thus perceived through more angles and some hypothesis overturn in
order to be replaced by new ones. The text creates the impression that it
continuously changes under the readers eyes, without ever coming to a final
shape. New details always seem to appear possibly resulting in a complete
change of perspective.
Keywords:
metatext, formal narratology, narrative strategy, rereading, narrative
kernel, first-degree narrator, second-degree narrator.
Ph.D. Candidate, Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi, Doctoral School of Philological Studies,
Email Address: dumitreasamihaelablue@yahoo.com
236

Biography
Mihaela Vatamanu PhD student at the Doctoral School of
Philological Studies Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi. Title of the
PhD thesis: A (Re)reading of tefan Bnulescus Work. High school
teacher. Areas of interest: Romanian and Universal Literature, Literary
Hermeneutics, Didactics and Methodology sciences. Articles published:
Concrtisations du mythe dans luvre de tefan Bnulescu, in the volume of the
International Conference The Man and the Myth. The Human Being and the
Advenure of the Spirit into Knowledge. Mythical Dimension and Demythologization, 4th
edition, Suceava, 5-7 May 2011, tefan cel Mare University Press, 2011;
Linguistic Ceremonial in tefan Bnulescus Short Stories, in the volume Humanistic
Studies and Intercultural Perspectives: PhD Philology Students Research, international
conference: Trgu-Mure, 14-15 April 2011, Petru Maior University Press,
2011.
237
The Institutional Nature of Art: Art Defined by Rules

[Natura Instituional a Artei: Arta Definit prin Reguli]
Oana VOD 1
Abstract
The issue concerning the definition of art has been very much
discussed in the field of art philosophy, and especially in the field of analytic
aesthetics, in the last 60 years. Mostly ignored in the first half of the XX
century, the subject was revived by the anti-essentialist conception which
considers that no real definition of art can be given because there are no
necessary and sufficient conditions for something to be art that can be
found in all the artistic objects. The main argument the anti-essentialists use
is that the concept of art is very similar to the concept of game and,
following Wittgenstein, as the concept of game cant be defined, and the
identification of a game is made by its similarity with another game, in the
same way the concepts of art and work of art cant be defined, and
works of art are recognized as such by their similarity with an artistic object
which was previously established as such. This paper argues, using Dickies
institutional theory of art and Gravess new institutional theory of art, that,
although the anti-essentialists were right about the similarity of the concepts
of game and art, art can still be defined through some rules-definitions.
These rules-definitions are uttered, developed and explained, revealing in the
end what kind of institution the institution of art is.
art
Keywords:
definition of art, anti-essentialism, institutional theory of art, rules of
Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, Al. Ioan Cuza
University, Iasi, Romania, Email Address: oana_nastasa@yahoo.com, Phone no.
0040746201573
238
Panel
EUROPE: CULTURES IN DIALOG
[Panel - Europa: Culturi n dialog]


The Public Interest is Dead. Pathologies of Communicative

Action by Semantic Transformation
[Interesul public a murit. Patologii ale aciunii comunicative
prin mutaie semantic]
Valentina PRICOPIE 1
Abstract
The concern for the study of all forms of social pathology (diseases
of the social body in general and of the social spheres in particular, namely
economic, social and political) and of political pathology (diseases of power)
is not a contemporary one, unlike the complete expression of its
manifestations in communication field. Putting the communication into the
normative center of society in J. Habermas's perspective makes it possible to
evaluate and analyze communication disturbances or derailments that may
affect the essential components of "lifeworld", namely culture, society and
person, in specific contexts of crisis of the reproduction processes.
Considering that public interest is placed into the center of any debate or
speech of the national public sphere, this text focuses on the semantic
derailment of the expression "public interest" as perception and
representation in Romania and on its presentation in current national media
discourse.
Keywords:
Social pathology, public sphere, communicative action, civic culture,
public interest
Ph. D., senior researcher, Institute of Sociology, Romanian Academy, Email Address:
valpricopie@gmail.com
241
The Alethic Deterioraton of Public Discourse. From

Sophistry to Epistemic Inconsistency
[Deteriorarea alethic a discursului public. De la sofism la
inconsecvena epistemic]
Tomi CIULEI 1
Abstract
Starting from the sign-meaning distinction, the discussion can easily
reach the logical analysis of language but also a critique of epistemological
and logical biases of the public discourse. The logical indeterminacy of the
discourse invariably leads to rhetoric inconsistency an epistemic
incoherence. The consequences of this deterioration of the public discourse
are dramatic for both the truth (as circumscribing aim of any cognitive
approach) and the reliability of public actors. The solution could be the
rediscovery of the true logical and epistemological foundations of the
discourse in general and particularly of the dialog
.
Keywords:
analysis of language, the sophistry of thought, meaning, sign,
epistemology
Ph.D., reader Valahia Univerisity of Trgovite, Email Address: ciuleitibi@gmail.com
242
The Public Discourse Generated by the Assassination of

Ioan Petru Culianu
[Discursul public generat de asasinarea lui Ioan Petru Culianu]
Simona GALACHI 1
Abstract
The assassination of the scholar Ioan Petru Culianu on may 21,
1991, was followed by various reactions and discourses. The press of the
time, the colloquia that commemorated the life and work of Ioan Petru
Culianu represent one of the positions analyzed within this work. An
important stress of the analysis falls however on the examination of the
discourses recorded by the two documentaries made by Lucia HossuLongin, Culianu in tara lui Ceausescu (Culianu in the Land of Ceausescu) and O
crima la Chicago (Murder in Chicago). These have the merit of gathering
altogether the testimonies of persons in key positions referring to the
Culianu case in America (Richard Rosengarten Dean at The Divinity School,
Ted Anton Professor at DePaul University in Chicago, Rudolph E.
Nimocks Sr. Chef of the Police and Security Services of the Chicago
University, Lt. Thomas Argenbright representative of the Chicago Police
Dept.) as well as relevant testimonies from personalities from Romania and
Diaspora who knew Culianu and were involved in a way or another in the
attempt of revealing the truth regarding his assassination (Dorin Tudoran,
Vladimir Tismaneanu, Virgil Magureanu, Gabriela Adamesteanu, Silviu
Angelescu, Sorin Rosca Stanescu, Marius Oprea, Jean Buchiu). The method
applied to this corpus, the discourse analysis is intended to lead to the
systematization of all trails and considerations linked to the death of Ioan
Petru Culianu and represent o new effort to illuminate this still opened case.
Keywords:
political assassination, discourse analysis, cultural studies
Ph.D., research assistant Sergiu Al.-George Institute of Oriental Studies, Bucharest
243
The Organicism of Romanian Traditional Culture

[Organicismul culturii tradiionale romneti]
Daniel COJANU 1
Abstract:
The organicism starts to impose itself in the Romanian philosophical
analyzes of culture during the interwar period. Thinkers like M. Eliade, L.
Blaga or H. Bernea use the notion of "organic" especially in relation to some
cultural, spiritual or stylistic determinations of the traditional Romanian
space. It is interesting that their morphological approach appeal to Goethes
biology categories, especially to that of original phenomenon. An illustration
of the presence of these organic categories in the Romanian life forms is the
cosmic Christianity, as it is theorized in some scientific works of Mircea
Eliade. Lucian Blaga applies these categories while he describes the
orthodoxy in its popular expressions, namely when he asses the stylistic
matrix of Romanian popular culture. Also H. Bernea synthesizes an entire
specific view of the Romanian peasant, when referring to space, time and
causality as they appear in the Romanian archaic mentality.
Keywords:
original phenomenon, morphology of culture, style, archetype,
organicism, qualitative space
Ph. D., lecturer Valahia University of Trgovite
244
Does Technology Belongs to Reality Space or to Imaginary

World?
[Tehnologia ntre prototip al realitii i imaginar. Aparine
tehnologia spaiului realitii sau imaginarului?]
Alexandru POMPILIU 1
Abstract:
Technology and information are the two criteria by which we define
reality today. But in its essence, the world of technology is purely artificial; it
is designed in an imaginary world. This interpretative mutation causes the
explanation of the terms reality and imaginary. Technique (gr. techne) is that
invention that causes the mentality and the way of life of European type.
The Europe was separated to the block of the other traditional cultures
through the technological invention of this type, which despite the apparent
close links with reality, by its nature keeps a very close connection with the
mythical and traditional mentality.
Keywords:
technology, imagination, reality, information, human condition
Ph. D, lecturer Valahia University of Trgovite
245
The Curse in the Very First Romanian Rethoric. Cultural

Confluences
[Blestemul n primele retorici romneti. Confluente culturale]
Laura BDESCU 1
Abstract
Romanian Eighteenth-century reflects a cultural dialogue where the
Greek tutelage appears as defining against the expansion of the ideas of the
French Lumieres. In this context of cultural confluences in the Romanian
space, we propose to approach the first Romanian rhetoric from the
perspective of the immutable versus esprit du sicle. We track in a
diachronic perspective the evolution of a figure coming from the classical
rhetoric to the one adapted to the Romanian space (Rhetoric of Piuariu
Molnar, chapter 34 "To curse") and its impact on customary and normative
law of the analyzed century.
Keywords:
Eighteenth-century, rethoric, curse
Ph. D., professor University of Piteti
246
Life, Death and the Lack of Life in Various Texts of Mihai

Eminescu
[Viaa, moartea i lipsa vieii n poezia eminescian]
Lavinia BANIC 1
Abstract
The very first authentic master piece of M. Eminescu is a meditation
on death's theme. And this is not by hazard. "Mortua est","Oda(in metru
antic)","Scrisoarea I" and some other poems releave the deepest sense of
Eminescu's philosophy of life and death; a philosophy built upon ideological
foubdations and images from the European Baroque repertoire.
Keywords:
beeing and not beeing, death, lack of life, baroque
Ph.D, Reader University of Piteti
247
On the Paradoxes of Researching and Writing on the

Things Hidden since the Beginning of the World
[Despre paradoxurile cercetrii celor ascunse de la facerea lumii]
Monica-Elena MITARC 1
Abstract
Among the research subjects in socio-humanistic sciences, the sexrelated themes are posing the biggest challenges. And pornography is even
more so, an issue whose consumption cannot be dissociated, in the minds of
others, from the researcher or theoretic writers persona. The paradox lies in
the fact that the research is conducted/or the paper, or book, written on the
use (consumption) of something, and the researcher cannot be suspected of
not having used it; yet, this very use is supposedly private, intimate, and,
hence, indicible, un-exposable in public (Brewis, 2003). As its exposure
constitutes a sort of self-denouncement, in order to correct the impression
and restore the trust of the public invested in the author who was already
tainted by the supposition that himself/herself a pornography consumer,
some discursive strategies (among which, self-censorship) have been
developed some of them underlying the whole of their work, from the
paper/books structure to the writing. An issue Jensen associated with this
face-saving conduct when writing about porn with a schizoid practice
common to Western disciplines such as philosophy, that of distinguishing
between body and mind and using the latter when studying and
researching. So that researchers come apart from their initial impetus of
writing about something and, detaching from the emotions associated with
this consumption, let their bodies out. Few are the books or papers written
on these difficulties of writing about pornography; yet, there are some
authors (Brian McNair, Patrick Baudry) who dedicated, in their books,
chapters or subchapters to the issue. Robert Jensen writes a whole chapter,
in Critical Readings: Media and Gender (Carter, 2004), on the peculiar
situation of being a normal men (thus, subjected to the reaction
pornography suscitates) and writing on this subject. And they are not the
only ones: there are, in the literature, some extensions of this issue articles
on how it is to teach GLBT and come out in class (as being, yourself, part
of the minority you teach about, in class). Our paperwork intends to be a
short breviary of the difficulties of writing about pornography, challenges
situated at the crossroads of ethics (telling the truth, researching for the
truth, not lying about ones perspective or identity), the own uncertainties,
the face-saving (normal) behavior and, even, self-censorship.
Keywords
meta-discourse, pornography, ethics of research, self-censorship
1
Ph.D. candidate, lecturer Christian University Dimitrie Cantemir
248
The Symbolic Construction of the Profession of Journalist in

Romania
[Construcia simbolic a profesiunii de jurnalist n
Romnia]
Luminita ROCA 1
Abstract
One of the stakes of this study is to show how professional identity
of Romanian journalists is built within the group, with the contribution of all
actors and to what extent they act consciously in order to obtain legitimacy
within the profession and beyond it. Because, in terms of Claude Dubar, the
question of identity is one of cooperation and social trading. Another stake
concerns the symbolic construction of the identity in Romanian journalism.
The building of the professional identity is based on what Peter Berger and
Thomas Luckmann call "secondary socialization". The secondary
socialization means the incorporation of specialized knowledge: a specific
vocabulary, certain patterns and procedures, a program and a real symbolic
world, carrying (circulating) a conception about the world. Professional
identity also depends on the recognition or non-recognition of the
knowledge, skills and self image. It builds up during the processes of trading
between individuals who desire to be identified and recognized and the
institutions that offer various forms of status and recognition. The
theoretical framework of the research is to be found in the studies regarding
the sociology of journalists and their professional identity. The broad
development of the analysis is given by the studies regarding the history of
the Romanian culture and the history of the profession of journalist in
Romania.
The objectives of the research are: 1. Identifying the historical "cuts"
within the evolution of the Romanian journalism and highlighting the
premises of the symbolic construction within each historical period and 2.
Identifying and analyzing the patterns of the profiles of the Romanian
journalists, based on the Romanian cultural production (literature, movies).
The limits of the research limits are given by the poor
conceptualization of the domain. At least two obvious causes of this poor
conceptualization were identified:
1. Journalism is a relatively new profession in Romania.
2. Romanian media had a very long period of state control and
censorship.
Keywords:
ethical framework, symbolic construction of the profession, identity,
professionalism, professional group, limits of the profession.
1
Ph. D, Reader University of Bucharest
249
About the (in)tolerable Violence in Film within Children

Eyes
[Despre (in)tolerabilitatea violenei din film prin ochii
copiilor]
Anca VELICU 1
Abstract
The issue of violence is co-substantial with the idea of entertainment
itself. This is not an excuse, but a mere observation and does not accuse the
state of things. Ever since the Greek tragedies - which made Plato consider
poets not welcome in his Republica (Baton Herve, 2000) - or the gladiator
shows equally loved by the public and contested by the Church clergy, (see
Bok, 1998) to the beginning of cinema, the violent scene is ubicuous and its
representation, omnipresent. Yet, the evolution of the issue and its
increasing value of public issue - by bringing it front of the US Senate
(Comstock and Rubinstein, 1972; Surgeon Generals Scientific Advisory
Committee on Television and Social Behavior, 1972) or on the ECs agenda,
by being referred at inside the European Directives (Tlvision sans
frontires, 1989) or in its Recommendation, inside Kriegel Report (B.
Kriegel, Sur la violence tlvise, 2003.), in France - or at least media alert
(Frau-Meigs, 2011, Frau-Meigs &Jehel, 2003, Barker&Petley, 2001 ) are only
a matter of the last half of the century, when it happened also that the public
vulnerable to this violence considerably shrunk, from a mass audience, to the
children audience.
But how does this audience perceive violence, as long as its shaped
and nurtured within a narrative logic which comprises violence? When is it
that violence from films becomes unacceptable and intolerable for children?
Is it a quantitative or qualitative threshold? Is it, perhaps, when the child
cannot process it within the narrative logic of the good/bad battle? Or is it
because sometimes children do have the critical distance required in order to
understand this violence?
Those are the questions our paperwork should answer, through the
analysis of the results of a quantitative inquiry, questionnaire-based, selfadministered online and done on approx. 3,000 children in secondary and
high school in Romania.
Keyword:
media violence, youth, perception, tolerability, film
Ph.D., researcher Institute of Sociology, Romanian Academy
250
Panel
Ethical Challenges in Postmodernity
[Panel Provocri Etice n Postmodenritate]


Role of Ethical Supervision in Social Justice Ditribution

[Rolul supervizrii etice in distribuia dreptii sociale]
Ana CARAS1
Abstract
Article treats the role of ethical supervision in the distribution of
social justice and importance of this process in social practices. Approaching
these two dimensions but also their association under the common
denominator of fairness and morality of social life are necessary to denote
the concepts of ethical supervision and social justice. Ethical supervision as
process with support function of professionals is the practical application of
professional ethics of supervisor in their daily activities the supervisor
becomes the engine of ethical action performed in the formation supervisees
and in the benefit of their customers. In the context of a distributive
paradigm, social justice is seen by John Rawls and other philosophers, in
terms of distributive justice, which is the fundamental characteristic of
distributivism. In the specialty literature distributivism has as assumption
that social justice or injustice can be properly defined as fairness or
unfairness, inequity in distribution of benefits and costs, risks or social tasks
between members of society. We develop a theoretical concept of social
justice as distributive justice, in relation to the ethical principles of
supervision, just for state the contribution to social justice in the distribution
of ethical supervision in terms of equal liberties and fair equality of
opportunity, and the existence of greatest benefit of the least advantaged
members of society (Rawls, 2001).
Keywords
Social justice, distributive justice, distributivism, ethical supervision.
Research assistant at Lumen Research Center in Social Humanistic Sciences, Iasi, PhD
candidate, Faculty of Philosophy and Social Politics Sciences, "Univ. Al. Ioan Cuza "Iasi,
Romania, E-mail: annacriss20@yahoo.com
253
Constructionist Social Work. From Theory to Practice

tefan COJOCARU 1
Abstract
Our study aims to explore, from the theory of social
constructionism, the means by which this theory can influence social work
practice. Epistemological perspectives, proposed and supported by social
constructionism, transform many aspects of social work practice by
proposing new ways of approach; the context of interactions is extremely
important. Thus, multiple voices of participants in the intervention
(beneficiaries, professionals and stakeholders) participate in the construction
of multiple realities through language, interactions between people that build
and validate theories, culturally sensitive, emphasizing the social and
relational nature of constructed realities. Using social constructionism as a
way of explaining the realities lead to intervention research in social
refinement and beyond. A form of intervention research built on the
principles of social constructionism is appreciative inquiry. Use and
experience it in different contexts of social work practice (counseling, case
management and supervision) demonstrates the potential of this perspective
to deliver a more efficient way than that centers on the paradigm of
deficiency. Taking the perspective of social constructionism change not only
social work practice, but research in this field. Thus, the use of quantitative
methods to study the real nature of the world, affirmed by positivism and
post-positivism, is going to recognize the importance of qualitative methods
in studying the specific nature and context of the realities built into a
relational dynamic and dependent on individual interpretations.
Keywords
social constructionism, epistemological perspectives, qualitative
methods, positivism, post-positivism
1 Associate Prof. Ph.D., Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Department of Sociology and
Social Work, Iasi, Romania, Phone: +40.744788778; e-mail: contact@stefancojocaru.ro
254
Parental Education seen by teenagers. An exploratory study

Daniela COJOCARU 1
Abstract
Parental education is a strategy for dealing with a wide range of
problems of adolescents, starting from dropout to juvenile delinquency,
behavioral problems and social adaptation. In general, the content of
parental education reflects issues of professional agenda related to teenagers
and parents of teens and combines in various proportions medical
information, psychological and cultural characteristics of parents
communities, beneficiaries of these programs. Our study proposes a new
design and content of these programs from the voices of young people and
their own concerns. For this, we organized four World Cafe, attended by a
total number of 80 young people aged between 14 and 18, including 20 rural
and 60 urban from Iasi county. Data collected were processed to map the
problems young people and to build, in a later stage of the project, a
curriculum for parenting education, structured by hierarchy needs of
teenagers, as they are expressed. The study is financed by UNICEF Romania
and promotes parental education and experience centrality principle
incorporating children's voices in social practice. The findings identify the
main categories of common problems teenagers and highlighting variances
in different residential areas.
Keywords
parental education, teenagers, juvenile delinquency, behavioral
problems, social adaptation
1 Potdoctoral Fellow, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa, Center for Health
Policy and Ethics; Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Department of Sociology and Social
Work, Iasi, Romania, Phone: +40.745375125; e-mail: dananacu@gmail.com
255
Contemporary ethical controversies about possible

treatments in diabetes mellitus (pancreas transplant,
alternative methods)
[Controverse etice contemporane privind posibile tratamente n

diabetul zaharat]
Simona DAMIAN 1 2
Roxana NECULA 3
Irina STREBA 4
Antonio SANDU 5
Abstract
Diabetes is a global disease whose effects havean intense impact on
the health of individuals suffering from this disorder. Type II diabetes is
Postdoctoral Research Project: POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879, titled "Postdoctoral studies in
University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr T. Popa", Doctor of Medicine, U.M.F Chief of
Operations, e-mail: si_damian@yahoo.com, Iasi, Str. Neculau, No. 18, Bl. 573A, Sc. C,
Ground Floor, Apt. 2, Jud. Iasi, Romania
2 Postdoctoral fellow financed by The Management Authority for the Sectorial Operational
Program Development of Human Resources within the project Postdoctoral studies in
the domain of ethics in health policies at Gr. T. Popa University of Medicine and
Pharmacy from Iasi. Project funded from the Social European Fund through the Sectorial
Operational Program Development of Human Resources 2007-2013. Priority axis 1:
Education and professional training in support of economical growth and development of
knowledge-based society. Main domain of intervention: 1.5 Doctoral and postdoctoral
programs in support of research. Title of the project: Postdoctoral studies in the domain of
ethics in health policies. Contract Code: POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879; E-mail:
si_damian@yahoo.com
University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr T. Popa", Doctor of Sociology (University "Al. I.
Cuza" Iasi), email: necularoxy@gmail.com, Iasi, Str. Costache Negri, No. 4, Bl. D2, Sc. D,
1st Floor, Apartment 4, Jud. Iasi, Romania
4 Forensic pathologist, PhD researcher, Univesity of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr.T.Popa
Iai, e-mail: irina.streba@yahoo.com
5 Postdoctoral fellow financed by The Management Authority for the Sectorial Operational
Program Development of Human Resources within the project Postdoctoral studies in
the domain of ethics in health policies at Gr. T. Popa University of Medicine and
Pharmacy from Iasi. Project funded from the Social European Fund through the Sectorial
Operational Program Development of Human Resources 2007-2013; Lecturer Ph.D. at
Mihail Koglniceanu University from Iai; Chairman of Lumen Publishing House;
Address: Tepes Voda, OP 3, CP 780, Iasi, Romania; E-mail: antonio1907@yahoo.com.
1
256

considered primarily as a lifestyle disorder that is growing, especially in
developing countries.
This paper aims to identify contemporary ethical controversies about
non standard medical therapies in diabetes, thus bringing into question
alternative therapies and pancreas transplantation implications.
The issue of organ donation raises special ethical issues, sometimes
difficult to interpret. Therefore it is difficult to exclude certain doubts
regarding the act of donation, which is why most national transplant systems
insist that receiving organs from living donors can be accepted only when
the reasons are clearly emotional, genetic and selfless, without internal or
external pressures and only when both donor and recipient act based on an
informed consent, the decision belonging to them entirely. Ethical nature of
these procedures is shaped by the idea that organ donation can not be
subject to material benefits, the donation must be a human, selfless act, the
action itself being controlled by the donor, exercising its right to autonomy.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, ethical controversies, alternative therapies, organ
transplantation
257
Legal and Ethical Considerations of Establishing the

Timing of Death
[Consideraii legale i etice privind stabilirea momentului
morii]
Irina STREBA 1
Beatrice IOAN 2
Simona DAMIAN 3
Abstract
For centuries, death have been defined, from medical point of view,
as irreversible cesation of breathing, circulation and activity of nervous
system.
The actual techniques of reanimation, by giving the possibility of
artificial surviving (the so called living dead) and by blurring the barier
between life and death, have brought into question the problem of
establishing the moment of death.
If in real death, the criteria for establishing death which are cessation
of any vital functions, indicated by cessation of heartbeat and no breathing,
are clear and the determination of timing of death doesnt put any medical,
ethical or legal problems, controversy arises when referring to brain death.
From medical point of view, the biologic organism is still alive as
long as the heart continues to beat though is conditioned by artificial
breathing. But, in conformity with the definition of the status of a human
being, in terms of legal and ethical criteria, a person may be considered
deceased independent of the status of the biological body.
Issues raised by the timing of death, in particular cases as that of
brain death, are reflected not only in medical field but also in civil and penal
law. Consequences of the death of a person are legally passed on all aspects
of ending of his civil capacity: the opening sequence, ending of civil rights
and obligations of individuals, etc.
1,
Forensic pathologist, PhD researcher, Univesity of Medicine and Pharmacy

Gr.T.Popa Iai, e-mail: irina.streba@yahoo.com
2 Associate Professor, Univesity of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr.T.Popa Iai, e-mail:
ioanbml@yahoo.com
258

The fact that Law 95/2006 clearly states that organs can be
harvested both from those who are brain dead and from those with
irreversible cardio-respiratory stop, they being declared dead without doubt,
clear up, in terms of legal considerations, the status of persons in this
situation.
Another problem of keeping alive the body to take over organs for
transplantation is the preservation of human dignity. When a brain dead
person (in all senses that are involved in the definition) is declared dead we
deal with a body, kept alive but who lacks both the rights of a living
individual and of a deceased person.
Keywords:
timing of death, brain death, legal considerations
259
Spiritual Perspectives on Chronic Diseases

[Perspective spirituale asupra ngrijirii bolnavilor cronici]
Magdalena Roxana NECULA1
Simona Irina DAMIAN2
Mihai Iulian NECULA3
Abstract:
Modern society interests less in people with chronic disease
(diabetes), resulting in their isolation and marginalization. A feeling of
uselessness is being induced to them, thus being exposed to identity crises.
In treating the chronically ill, the actions of those around the patient
(family, friends) and the representatives of religious cults are very important,
having the role to stimulate the joy of living and restore their self
confidence. Faith can be a major remedy for healing the mind and body.
Religion and spirituality offer another perspective on human disease
and also a cure, at the extent that one is responsible for both the disease and
the cure. This determines us to understand our full responsibility in life, in
connection with what influences us, both good and bad. The Church
promotes some important values, one of them being related to the
conservation and support of human life. Based on this value, every priest,
when a patient comes to him, is required to instill the idea that one must
fight for life and to perpetuate it. In terms of spiritual life, every moment is
essential in the economy of eternal life.
Keywords:
chronic disease, diabetes, spirituality, care.
Postdoctoral Research Project: POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879, titled "Postdoctoral studies in

University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr T. Popa", Doctor of Sociology (University "Al. I.
Cuza" Iasi), email: necularoxy@gmail.com, Iasi, Str. Costache Negri, No. 4, Bl. D2, Sc. D,
1st Floor, Apartment 4, Jud. Iasi, Romania
3 PhD, University "Al. I. Cuza" Iasi, Faculty of Law, e-mail: mi.necula@gmail.com, Iasi, Str.
Costache Negri, No. 4, Bl. D2, Sc. D, 1st Floor, Apartment 4, Jud. Iasi, Romania
1
260
Ethics in Health Behavior Change - Case Study in Chronic

Disease Self-management. The Care of Chronic Patients
Liliana ILIESCU 1
Abstract
Chronic diseases are diseases of long duration (3 months) and
generally a slow progression, or disease that relapsed. In the last two decades
of the 20th century became increasingly evident that chronic diseases are
more frequent with increasing life expectancy worldwide.
Initially it was thought that this is true for developed countries, but
later found the same phenomenon in developing countries faced with
acute illness at the same time.
It is estimated that by 2020, NTBs in developing countries, will
determine 30% of deaths worldwide, 71% of deaths from ischemic heart
disease, stroke by 75% and 70% diabetes.
Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) are more commonly found
in India and China than in all economically developed countries taken
together. Also, the prevalence of overweight and obese has reached
values"record" and developing countries in Asia, Latin America and parts of
Africa. In some countries, the prevalence of obesity has doubled or even
tripled in the last decade.
Keywords:
chronic diseases, ethics, model of care
1 Postdoctoral Research Project: POSDRU/89/1.5/S/61879 titled "postdoctoral studies in

ethics of health policy" in the Department of postdoctoral studies and research at the
University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr T. Popa "Iasi, MD, Lecturer Pharmacy Science
261


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Lumen

LUMEN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC

21st of May 3rd of June 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

LUMEN INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC

21st of May 3rd of June 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

Dr. Antonio Sandu Chairman of Lumen Association from Iasi

International Advisory Board

Associate Professor Ph.D. Nadia Aniei Petre Andrei University

Researcher Ph. D. Liliana Condraticova Moldova State

Conference Organizing Secretariat

Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, A.D. Xenopol History Institute,

On Temporality of Law ........................................................................41

Judicial and Extrajudicial Mediation .................................................. 53

Fiscal Statement. Legal Regime.......................................................... 65

Section: Economical and Administrative Sciences

Section: Political Sciences and European Studies

Restructuring the International System in the Late Twentieth Century

Perceptions of the Political Parliamentary lites from Romania Upon

Section: Social Sciences

Frontiers And Contemporary Thinking: Zygmunt Bauman And

Humanization of Higher Technical School - A Current Trend in the

Value of Plagiarism Electronic Detector Tools in Higher Education.....138

Techniques and Intervention Strategies for Vulnerable Social

To Give and to Make: Identity Images and Adaptive Strategies

Section: Humanistic Sciences

The Position and Role of Deontology in Postmodern Society ..........184

Gypsies Integration into Society of the Habsburg Empire in

Recitatio in vivo -A Transdisciplinary Education Project .................201

Risk Situations School and Violent Behavior.....................................203

Tozgrec Written by Ioan Petru Culianu or the Labyrinth of

Romanian Literary Histories between Tradition and Modernity ...... 211

To Sell Ones Nation Developing an Irony of National

Alethic Aspects of Art: A Phenomenological Hermeneutical

Metatextual Games in the Novel Cartea de la Metopolis by tefan

Role of Ethical Supervision in Social Justice Ditribution ..................253

Legal and Ethical Considerations of Establishing the Timing of

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

International Scientific Conference: Logos, Universality, Mentality, Education, Novelty 2012

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

The Law The Source of Codification

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

Trends of Uniformity of the Property Matrimonial Regimes

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

The Legal Regime of Woman's Rights from the Perspective

Ph.D. Scientific Researcher, Email Address: vam55ro@yahoo.com,

LUMEN International Scientific Conference 2012

Health Cards and Their Incompatibility with Human

Ph.D. Scientific researcher, Email Address: vam55ro@yahoo.com, www.madalinaantonescu.eu,