NICMAR (NCP-30)

Assignment On

SITE ORGANISATION AND

MANAGEMENT

National Institute of
Construction
Management and
Research, Pune.

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Assignment submitted by:-

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Reg No. 210-10-11-8717-2124

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Course No. - NCP 30

Course Title SITE ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT
ASSIGNMENT BRIEF:
A five star hotel of 300 rooms with adjacent Golf Course has been planned by
your company engaged in project development at the foothills of Kumaon
hills. Project is spread over 1000 acres of foot hills on land intermittently plain
and intermittently hilly with streams. Your have been asked by the
management to make environment impact assessment of this project.
Company wants to undertake the advertisement campaign to minimize the
threat from environmentalists group. Discuss your plan.

OUTLINE IN BRIEF:
1. Environmental policy, laws and regulations for industrial Project.
2. Pollution control Air , water, noise, and hazardous waste
3. Environmental consequences of construction activity and the response
to it by communities, government and customers
4. Rehabilitation of displaced families.
5. Environment impact assessment
6. Conclusion / Recommendations
7. Bibliography/ Reference

SOLUTION:
The Government has been deeply concerned in matters relating to

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Environmental Protection and Conservation of Natural Resources in the State.

It is envisaged that in pursuance of the recently announced (September
1994) Policy Statement on Industrial Development, a large number of
developmental projects will start getting implemented in the State in the near
future and produce new impacts on an already overburdened environment
scenario. The responsibility for environment protection and abatement of
pollution is not a duty of one department alone, nor is it the task of the
Government alone. It is an obligation on all, Government Departments and
Agencies, public authorities like the Panchayats and the Municipalities. Police,
Industrial

units,

non-Government

organizations and

community

based

organizations. Environmental issues are cross-sect oral. Hence the objective

is to integrate environmental considerations into decision making process at
all levels. Public co-operation in securing a clean environment to respond to
the coming challenges is essential
It is in this light that this Policy Statement on Environment Protection and the
Conservation of

Natural Resources is hereby adopted

Government

to reconcile pro-development and pro-environment goals.

The following will be

by the State

its salient features:

Activities will be intensified to control water, air and noise pollution within
permissible limits. Specific environmental pollution problems created by the
organized industries and in established industrial areas will be attempted to
be controlled in a 10 years programme after preparation of relevant action
plans;

Rivers, reservoirs, water bodies and watersheds in the State will be protected
from encroachments maintained and developed for ecological balance to
provide for agriculture, irrigation, industrial, drinking and other civic
purposes;
Afforestation, wasteland development, protection and enhancement of

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biodiversity and wildlife will be accelerated and reserved and protected

forests will be enriched with qualitative genetic improvements;
Action plans will be prepared in phases for improving the physical
environment of the cities and towns in the State in order to improve their
sustainability by way of increasing their efficiency, productivity, health, and
reducing their risks and hazards.
Location of industries, urban development, and other major infrastructural
and civic facilities will be implemented in accordance with the extant
regulations

and

with

prior

assessment

of

environmental

impacts

in

accordance with this policy;

Special emphasis will be given for water and waste management through
scientific processes of demand management, recycling and reuse Importance
will be given and efforts will be made to establish and encourage working
relationships

between

Government-industry,

public-private,

industry-

academia, NGO/ CBO-Government-private, Government-media etc. in order

to secure co-operation, generate increased awareness, and promote active
participation in all environmental projects in the State. Various tiers of public
authorities and societal organizations will be empowered to discharge specific
responsibilities and obligations for this purpose; Legislation and regulations
relating to environmental protection and conservation of natural resources
will be amended to make them simpler, more easily enforceable and more
easily understood in the larger interests of the society.
For protection of environment, conservation of natural resources, abatement
of pollution and promote environmental awareness, a coordination machinery
among various Government Departments, viz. Forest, Agriculture, Irrigation,
Industry, Municipal Affairs, Urban Development, Health, Public Health, Dev. &
Planning, Transport, Rural Development, Panchayat, Science & Technology,
Home, Law, I & CA etc. will be set up to prepare specific action plans, achieve
interdepartmental cohesion, and monitor the progress and implementation of

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this Policy Statement. The Environment Department will act as the nodal
department for this purpose; The State Government will explore all
possibilities of national and inter-national finances and commit sufficient
funds for implementation of this policy.
The basic thrust of this policy is to ensure that the tempo of developmental
activities is increased and facilitated by also taking into account the
preservation and conservation of environment and natural resources. The
environmental protection Rules 1986, the rules seeks to carry out the
provision of the EPA and meet the specific problems related to the
environment protection and improvement of the environment.

All economic activities related to processing of materials can cause health

problems for the workers unless adequate care is taken to protect them from
contamination with solid wastes, effluent and emissions. Long-term exposure
to hazardous substances and excessive heat, light, noise, etc., can cause
considerable damage to the health of industrial workers. Constant exposure
to excessive noise, can lead to loss of a workers hearing. Industrial diseases
are also contracted through the entry of various toxic substances into the
body (chemicals, dusts, fuels or gases). The ingestion of these substances
can be through lungs, skin or mouth. They can cause direct poisoning (as
lead and mercury does); an allergic response (as industrial dermatitis),
sterility, abortion or congenital abnormality (as in the case with radiation), or
specific diseases such as lung, skin, and bladder cancer. Dust can be a cause
of serious illness or even death from lung disease. Asbestosis and
mesotheliomer are caused by inhalation of asbestos dust and can even be
fatal.
These are all recognised as industrial diseases if the victims are known to
have been exposed to particular substances. Increasingly, such occupational
exposures to chemicals represent a key environmental problem. Tens of
thousands of chemicals are on the market and many of these are in regular
use in industry. New chemicals also keep entering the market nearly every

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day. Thus, the varieties of possible hazards are growing all the time. Such
hazards are not confined to chemical factories alone. Detergents and
bleaches for example, used by laundries, can also pose a threat to health.
Among the industries and allied activities in West Bengal posing substantial
health hazards including death are jute, cotton, textiles, paper, tanneries,
electroplating & galvanising, offset printing, paints, chemicals & rubber,
batteries, pesticides, fireworks, welding, synthetic fibres, pharmaceuticals, xrays, dry-cleaning; blast furnace, rolling mills, foundries etc.

Solid waste management:

It has been mentioned in many contexts in hotel waste what importance is to
be given to waste management in order to avoid causing harmful impacts
upon environment. Management practices, on technological considerations,
differ between solid, liquid and gaseous wastes solid waste disposal-systems
work within discussed. The emphasis would be put on solid waste
management in the urban centers, since the agglomeration effects are
acutely manifested there. The inadequacies in this regard affect life and
environment in many different manners. These will be highlighted in their
contexts.
Mostly the garbage is collected by the Municipalities from these bins and

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carried away to the place of disposal by means of mechanized transport. In

certain cases there are arrangements of collection of garbage from the bins
located in the narrow streets in wheel barrows which are then placed in a
larger bin on the main road from where the trucks collect the same. In market
areas and public places the sweepers on the payroll of the municipalities
collect the garbage from the place of the disposal.
The types of trucks like tippers and compactors are rarely used for garbage
collection from hotel. In most cases the disposal is done by dumping in low
lying areas of the cities or at some land specially procured for the purpose.
With the pressure on land and with growing urbanization such areas are
becoming more and more rare. The growth of the towns also poses problems
regarding the continued use of these disposal sites. Mechanical composting
has so far been rarely used. Incineration or scientific landfill is not practiced.
There are arrangements for separate storage and collection of the municipal
waste and hospital waste. In practice, the hospital wastes are collected along
with the household waste, causing major health risk due to their large
pathogenic content. Lack of infrastructure facilities, institutional weakness of
the local bodies and lack of effective labour control are the general problems
in the solid waste management that creates a serious environmental hazard.

Environmental Service Improvement Programme

The Environmental Services Improvement Programme is intended to provide
enhanced sustainable levels of service in the key environmental sectors of
water supply and waste management. The programme aims to encourage
better access to basic environmental services for all, sustainability in the
processes of provision, operation, and maintenance of environment-related
municipal services.
To

meet

the

objectives

of

the

Environmental

Services

Improvement

Programme, an integrated set of components and sub-components is

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envisaged which comprise packages of short, medium and long term

interventions. The major components are as follows:
Water Resource Management Component (Equitable access to water through
improved resource management).
Parallel sub-components relating to the operation and maintenance of
treatment facilities and water resources management are included through:

Water Treatment Improvement and Water Resources

Study.
Water Source Protection Component (A basic right to sanitation and a clean
and healthy environment)
The fundamental objective of the Water Source Protection Component is to
improve access to basic sanitation for the urban poor and maximize the utility
of existing sewerage, drainage and sewage disposal facilities. In order to
achieve this, the component includes a range of sub-components to achieve
the objective of providing a healthier, productive and protected environment.
The sub-components are:

Storm Water Drainage Cleaning and Rehabilitation;

Septic Tank Cleaning;
Improved Basic Access to Sanitation;
Household Sewer Connection and Tertiary Sewer Installation;
Sewer Cleaning and Rehabilitation; and
Sewage and Waste Water Treatment and Reuse.

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Solid Waste Management Component

There are three broad stages in the solid waste management process,
primary collection, transfer and transport to the disposal site and disposal.
The MEIS identified the need for the following sub-components:
Evaluation of Collection and Handling Technologies;
Community Waste Management;
Operations Improvement;
Municipal Waste Disposal; and
Solid Waste Management Improvement.
The first of these programme sub-components is a prerequisite to the others
in that improvements in collection and transport will not occur without the
introduction of appropriate technologies while effective disposal cannot be
achieved without functioning systems for the collection and transport of
waste.
Urban Land Management Programme
Land management will determine the location, the economic viability of
industry, the ability to meet future infrastructure needs or protect sensitive
resources, and the ability of urban managers to assist the poor in their efforts
to find shelter and to guide the planning of the urban growth. It is therefore
necessary to provide the with a structured approach to promote the
management and co-ordination of all economic, administrative, institutional,
legislative and policy matters concerning land.

To overcome environmental threaten from Environmentalists Group:

The environmental review process results in one of three endpoints:

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1. Categorical Exclusion (CE) from substantive environmental review the

project is of such a type and size that no significant impact is
expected.
2. An Environmental Assessment (EA) reveals that no significant impact is
expected results in a Finding of No Significant Impact (
3. A significant impact is expected. An Environmental Impact Statement
(EIS) determines that the proposed project - in comparison to available
alternatives - is nonetheless worth doing results in a Record of
Decision (ROD).
The enhancements to the states environmental review process to make it
include the following:
Consult With Applicant:
The State will confer with State Revolving Fund loan applicants early in the
project

formulation

stage

to

determine

the

environmental

review

requirements and will provide applicants with the latest applicable state
guidance for environmental review.
Environmental Information Document (EID):
The State will assure that the applicant prepares an EID that describes and
evaluates the environmental impacts of the feasible alternatives, including
the no-action alternative. The EID should contain specific and relevant
information that will allow a decision to be made about the impact the project
will have on the environment.
Public Input
The State will assure that the applicant conducts at least one public hearing
or public meeting for all projects except for those proposed for Categorical
Exclusion. No public meeting or public hearing is required for projects
proposed for Categorical Exclusion.
Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI)
The FONSI will be signed as directed by the Director of the Division of
Environmental Health and distributed by the State. The applicant generally

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prepares the EA under PWS guidance, and PWS prepares the FONSI in
accordance with NCEPA.
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
The State will determine if an EIS should be prepared for a proposed project.
If a CE or FONSI cannot be issued, an EIS is required for the project to
progress.
Construction Environmental Consequences
Construction of any of the restoration alternatives would result in positive
short-term economic impacts from increased employment, spending, and
business transactions. Principal direct effects on employment in Imperial
County or central Riverside County would be from hiring local workers for
hauling and other construction work. Additional indirect employment and
earnings would also be expected as a result of increased area employment
and expenditures. There could be temporary impacts to housing because
about 80 percent of construction workers are anticipated to come from
outside the region. Current housing vacancy, land zoned for development,
and temporary facilities (e.g., hotels and apartments) have sufficient capacity
to accommodate the workers, so the impact is not expected to be significant.
The common actions that would be implemented with each alternative,
including fish harvesting, improvements to recreation facilities, shoreline
cleanup, and wildlife disease control, would have immediate beneficial
impacts on the area.
Rehabilitation of Displaced Families:

For

the

Displaced

families

approach

to

resettlement

and

rehabilitation for everyone is considered. Creating the entitlement of

PAPs compensatory land, hoses and payment for other contingencies

Provision of social and physical rehabilitation infrastructure and

provision community services and facilities.

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Setting up administrative machinery for progrmme implementation

and training personals.

Allocating financial and physical resources as required.

Making bound action plan.

Setting up monitoring and evaluating system.

Implementation of action plan.

Environmental impact assessment

The term 'environmental impact assessment' (EIA) describes a procedure that
must be followed for certain types of project before they can be given
'development consent'. The procedure is a means of drawing together, in a
systematic way, an assessment of a project's likely significant environmental
effects. This helps to ensure that the importance of the predicted effects, and
the scope for reducing them, are properly understood by the public and the
relevant competent authority before it makes its decision.

Environmental impact assessment enables environmental factors to be given

due weight, along with economic or social factors, when planning applications
are being considered. It helps to promote a sustainable pattern of physical
Development and land and property use in cities, towns and the countryside.
If properly carried out, it benefits all those involved in the planning process.
From the developer's point of view, the preparation of an environmental
statement in parallel with project design provides a useful framework within
which environmental considerations and design development can interact.

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Environmental analysis may indicate ways in which the project can be

modified to avoid possible adverse effects, for example through considering
more environmentally friendly alternatives. Taking these steps is likely to
make the formal planning approval stages run more smoothly.
For the planning authority and other public bodies with environmental
responsibilities, environmental impact assessment provides a basis for better
decision making. More thorough analysis of the implications of a new project
before

planning

application

is made,

and

the

provision

of

more

comprehensive information with the application, should enable authorities to

make

swifter

decisions.

While

the

responsibility

for

compiling

the

environmental statement rests with the developer, it is expected that the

developer will consult those with relevant information, and the Regulations
specifically require that public authorities who have information in their
possession which is relevant to the preparation of the environmental
statement should make it available to the developer.
The general public's interest in a major project is often expressed as concern
about the possibility of unknown or unforeseen effects. By providing a full
analysis of a project's effects, an environmental statement can help to allay
fears created by lack of information. At the same time, early engagement
with the public when plans are still fluid can enable developers to make
adjustments which will help to secure a smoother passage for the proposed
development

and

result

in

better

environmental

outcome.

The

environmental statement can also help to inform the public on the

substantive issues which the local planning authority will have to consider in
reaching a decision. It is a requirement of the Regulations that the
environmental statement must include a description of the project and its
likely effects together with a summary in non-technical language. One of the
aims of a good environmental statement should be to enable readers to
understand for themselves how its conclusions have been reached, and to
form their own judgments on the significance of the environmental issues

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raised by the project.

Environmental impact assessment can therefore be helpful to all those
concerned with major projects. The following paragraphs describe the
procedures for deciding whether EIA is necessary in a particular case and,
where it is, for carrying out the assessment. The procedure is intended to
make the most of the potential benefits of EIA, while keeping the process as
simple and flexible as possible, and avoiding any duplication of existing
planning procedures
Preparing an environmental statement: the planning procedures

Preliminary consultations

Content of the environmental statement

Statutory and other consulates; the general public Techniques of

assessment; sources of advice Submission of environmental statement
with planning application

1* Handling by the planning authority

2* Requests for further information
3* Determination of application
4* Appeals and call-ins
5* Procedural stages

Conclusion/ recommendation:
Any project which is against the environment will cause the damages to
environment system. For the five star hotel project proper planning to be
made with respect environmental policies and laws and regulations from
respective authority. Pollution control plan and rehabilitations plan also be
planned in advance in approval stage. Environmental impact assessment
program should be done.
As part of the environmental protection strategy, a post-construction
mitigation, compensation, restoration, and reporting plan, referred to in this
document as an Implementation Plan, will be developed through coordination

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with the state and federal agencies responsible for the Restoration Project.
This plan will provide detailed information on how each mitigation measure
will be implemented and monitored during the preconstruction, construction,
and post-construction periods.

The implementation plan will contain the following documents:

Storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) (including specific
erosion control and site reclamation measures),
spill contingency plan,
riparian restoration plan,
wetland restoration plan,
oak planting plan,
noxious weed eradication plan, and
Environmental compliance monitoring program.

Bibliography / References

Text book of NICMAR Construction and Environment.

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Govt. Of India Environmental laws and regulations. Booklet.

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