1.

0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Water is a clear, pellucid, transparent fluid which forms the streams, lakes, oceans and
rain, is the major constituent of the fluids of living things chemical compound, and
the most widely used of all solvents. A water molecule contains one oxygen and two
hydrogen atoms that are connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at standard
ambient temperature and pressure, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state,
ice, and gaseous state, steam (water vapour).
1.2 Problem statement
As water covers 70% of the Earths surface, water becomes the most significant
substance to the living things on Earth including human, animals and plants. Water is
use continuously throughout years because of its various usage. It is a very important
resource for people and the environment.
However, Earths getting old and old day by day. Malaysia, especially Penang
experience advanced development. This causes industrial based become one of the
most important field in Penang. Thus, industrial factories throw away toxics and
waste substance into sea and river causes the water become contaminated. At this
stage, most water in the sea and ocean has become contaminated because of humans
irresponsible act and caused the aquatic livings died. Besides, many natural disaster
and phenomena happened and lead to water pollution too. Water pollution affects
drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. In many developing
countries, it is usually a leading cause of death, by people drinking from polluted
water sources.

1.3 Synopsis

2014, Somewhere around Georgetown, Penang.

It's very hot. An unusual temperature. It had been a very chaotic situation at that time.
The 'concrete-jungle', the El Nino phenomenon which led to the water crisis. It
happened here, in Penang. Right in the corner at her desk, Miss Kimi had a very deep
thought. The Mother Earth was in danger. The apocalypse could be any time.
Suddenly, Agent Najwa came to her office, telling a very bad news. The UN informed
that they spotted 2 cunning villains trying to ruin the nature.
They were named as Alya and Dean. They worked under a private agency called
the Undercover Sisters. They're the Global Killers, trying to modify the world, into a
more futuristic situations, where there will be no trees, non-systematic sewage
treatment that made the water became even more polluted. Dean and Alya were the
'agents' responsible to search for an antidote for the water pollution, for their own
needs. They planned to duplicate the antidote and sell it to the society to gain profits.
Miss Kimi thought of something of her past. When she was 12 back then, she
discovered a chemical that would cure pollution, called THE WSACTSBCL. She
asked her agent, Najwa to search for it. It was very valuable. By using the time
machine which she invented by herself, Najwa was brought to the 90s.
Somewhere around Penang, 1989.
The environment was very fresh. There were green trees everywhere. The air was
very cooling, free from carbon monoxides and pollutions. Najwa took a deep breath,
taking the opportunity she wouldnt get in 2014. Najwa went to Miss Kimis
hometown. With her bosss guidance, she dug the ground and found the antidote and
keep it safely in a briefcase.
Present, 2014.
When she came back to the present, she did not realize that the briefcase was actually
got replaced by the so-called Undercover Sisters who were Dean and Alya.
Without checking the content of the briefcase, Najwa straight away went to Miss
Kimis office and passed it to her. She was very surprised to see theres a potato in it.
Miss Kimi got furious and directed Agent Najwa to find that briefcase as soon as
possible.
A few weeks later, Agent Najwa received a call from Dean, saying that if she
wants the antidote, she had to meet her at a beach. When they arrived there, they saw
two ladies guarding a briefcase. Dean said that Agent Najwa need to play a game first
with them and if she wins, she can have the briefcase but if they win, they wanted her
in their team as the undercover sister and help them destroy the world. However, Alya
did not even know that the game includes swimming and she was the one who needs

to swim. She thought Dean was supposed to swim. So, Alya got panicked because she
does not know how to swim. Dean trusted Alya and forced her to do it.
In a nutshell, Alya got drowned and was covered by thrashes all over her. Najwa
successfully grabbed the briefcase without a doubt. Though, she felt pity of her. So,
she rescued Alya, eventhough Alya was a villain. Najwa left Alya at the beach and get
back to her boss. Dean frantically rushed towards her friend, Alya and tried to wake
her up. On the other hand, when the police siren was heard, Dean panicked and ran
away, leaving Alya alone. She escaped and couldnt be found again.
After all their hardwork, their mission has accomplished. Miss Kimi took the
antidote and put into a glass of water with just one drop of the chemical. She drank
and felt the pleasure of quenching her thirst. This symbolized that living things need
water to survive. So, their task as the agents of WHOOP is to reduce the water
pollution that has been occuring wildfire by using this WSACTSBSL chemical to
save the world.
5 days later, Alya came to the Agency WHOOP which Agent Najwa worked with.
She came with no expression in her face and barged in the boss's room. At that time,
Agent Najwa was discussing something with Miss Kimi. She put out her gun and
aimed at Alya somewhat afraid if Alya do something unreasonable to Miss Kimi.
Miss Kimi felt that Alya has changed so she restrain Agent Najwa from shooting her.
Alya came closer and said to Miss Kimi "Let me save the world too".
In the end, the global killers are now gone. However, Dean still cannot be located
where she is. This concluded that they are vanished from killing the Earth, the place
they stay all this while. Now, the antidote has recovered the global water pollution.
The Earth is safe, till now, and infinite.

1.4 Aim
To enlighten the public about the important of water to mankind and the effects of
polluted and contaminated water caused by human to the living things on Earth.

2.0 OBSERVATION
Penang tackles river pollution
GEORGE TOWN (Feb 12, 2014): A task force will be formed soon to combat river
pollution in Penang.
State local government, traffic and flood mitigation chairman Chow Kon Yeow said
the "river and marine pollution task force" will be led by state Irrigation and
Drainage Department (DID) and assisted by Penang Island Municipal Council
(MPPP), Department of Environment (DOE) and Public Works Department.
"The task force is responsible for monitoring the quality of river water especially on
the island.
"The task force will also comprise Seberang Perai Municipal Council (MPSP),
Economic Planning Unit and Agriculture Veterinary Department," he told a press
conference in Komtar today.
Early this month, Sungai Batu Ferringhi experienced heightened pollution due to
blackish effluent with traces of E.coli bacteria from the nearby sewage treatment
plant.
A check by theSun today showed the situation in Sungai Batu Ferringhi has returned
to normal.
However, the same cannot be said about the nearby Sungai Mas, which is heavily
polluted
by
years
of
indiscriminate
dumping.
Chow said he has given DID the go-ahead to start dredging three areas around
Sungai Murai, Batu Ferringhi to improve the flow of water amid the current dry
spell.
"The dredging will be extended to the nearby Tanjung Bungah floating mosque if
necessary," he said.
On Monday, the municipal council received a complaint from the mosque
management about a stench in the area.
A large pool of stagnant water near the mosque appears to be the cause of the
problem.
4

Polluted rivers in Penang till 2014

The most contaminated river, Sungai Juru

A quarter of Sungai Pinang

3.0 RESEARCH
3.1 Uses of water

3.2 Water pollution

Is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and ground
water).Water pollution occurs when pollutants (particles, chemicals or substances
that make water contaminated) are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies
without enough treatment to get rid of harmful compounds. Pollutants get into water
mainly by human causes or factors. Water pollution is the second most imperative
environmental concern along with air pollution. Any change or modification in the
physical, chemical and biological properties of water that will have a detrimental
consequence on living things is water pollution.
3.3 Types of water pollution
Nutrients Pollution
Some wastewater, fertilizers and sewage contain high levels of nutrients. If they end
up in water bodies, they encourage algae and weed growth in the water. This will
make the water undrinkable, and even clog filters. Too much algae will also use up all
the oxygen in the water, and other water organisms in the water will die out of oxygen
from starvation.

Surface water pollution

Surface water includes natural water found on the earth's surface, like rivers, lakes,
lagoons and oceans. Hazardous substances coming into contact with this surface
water, dissolving or mixing physically with the water can be called surface water
pollution.

Oxygen Depleting
Water bodies have micro-organisms. These include aerobic and anaerobic organisms.
When too much biodegradable matter (things that easily decay) end up in water, it
encourages more microorganism growth, and they use up more oxygen in the water. If
oxygen is depleted, aerobic organisms die, and anaerobic organism grow more to
produce harmful toxins such as ammonia and sulfides.
Ground water pollution
When humans apply pesticides and chemicals to soils, they are washed deep into the
ground by rain water. This gets to underground water, causing pollution underground.
This means when we dig wells and bore holes to get water from underground, it needs
to be checked for ground water pollution.
Microbiological
In Penang, people mostly drink untreated water (straight from a river or stream).
Sometimes there is natural pollution caused by microorganisms like viruses, bacteria
and protozoa. This natural pollution can cause fishes and other water life to die. They
can also cause serious illness to humans who drink from such waters.
Suspended Matter
Some pollutants (substances, particles and chemicals) do not easily dissolve in water.
This kind of material is called particulate matter. Some suspended pollutants later
settle under the water body. This can harm and even kill aquatic life that live at the
floor of water bodies.
Chemical Water Pollution
Many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in water. These include
chemicals that are used to control weeds, insects and pests. Metals and solvents from
industries can pollute water bodies. These are poisonous to many forms of aquatic life
and may slow their development, make them infertile and kill them.
Oil Spillage
Oil spills usually have only a localized effect on wildlife but can spread for miles.
The oil can cause the death of many fish and stick to the feathers of seabirds causing
them to lose the ability to fly.
7

3.4 Causes of water pollution

Industrial waste
Industries cause huge water pollution as many toxics are thrown out to the rivers and
sea. The toxics include sulphur, asbestos, lead, mercury, nitrates and phosphates.
Besides, oil spillage from tanks and factories is one of the causes lead to water
pollution.
Sewage and waste water
Everyday, we cook, do laundry, flush the toilet, wash our cars, shower and do many
things that use water. In many developed communities, this waste water and soluble
waste (called sewage) is treated, cleaned and dumped into the sea or river. Even
though they are treated, they are never the same as fresh water.
Septic Tanks
Every domestic (home) toilet is connected to septic tank usually located outside the
house. Each time poop is flushed down the toilet, it goes into this tank, where the
solid part is separated from the liquid part. Biological processes are used to break
down the solids and the liquid is usually drained out into a land drainage system.
From this stage, it can escape into the soil and nearby water bodies.
Atmospheric
Atmospheric deposition is the pollution of water bodies caused by air pollution. Each
time the air is polluted with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, they mix with water
particles in the air and form a toxic substance. This falls as acid rain to the ground,
and gets washed into water bodies. The result is that, water bodies also get
contaminated and this affects animals and water organisms.

3.5 Effects of water pollution

Death of aquatic animals
The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that depends on these
water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals
often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat (living environment).
Disruption of food-chains
Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium
are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish,
and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels.
Diseases
Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such
as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is
always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor drinking water treatment
from contaminated waters.
Destruction of ecosystems
Ecosystem (the interaction of living things in a place, depending on each other for
life) can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now
being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt
humans in many ways.
3.6 Solutions to water pollution
Individual

Community

Never throw
rubbish
everywhere but
into the dustbin.

Buy
environmentally
products.

Use water wisely

without wasting
them.

Do not throw
chemical
substance into
rivers and sea.

4.0 DATA
9

Government
Law enforcement
Use efficient
sewage treatment

Malaysia water plant treatment according to states

The most contaminated rivers in Penang

The increasing of water level in one of the river in Penang due to the pollution of water cause
by chemical substances
10

5.0 CONCLUSION
As one of the living things on Earth, we have preserved fresh water in order to stay
alive on Mother Earth. With the cooperation from the community and the government, we
will achieve the target in having pure, clean and treated water as our main source. Thus,
people and community live in Penang have to keep the rivers and sea clean by doing virtue
work. Furthermore, rivers and sea have been the main source of water to the livings in
Penang as it surrounded by the sea. Lets not be the global water killer.

6.0 REFERENCES
Research on 15th June 2014
http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/water-pollution/causes-of-water-pollution.html
11

Research on 17th June 2014

http://www.sinarharian.com.my/emas-punca-pencemaran-sungai-pinang-1.154614
Research on 20th June 2014
http://enviro.doe.gov.my/lib/digital/1386923247- Laporan%20Tahunan
%202012%20Jabatan%20Alam%20Sekitar%20Pulau%20Pinang.p
df
Research on 22nd June 2014
https://cywarputrajaya.wordpress.com/category/banjir-2010/
Research on 23rd June 2014
http://www.nrdc.org/water/pollution/gsteps.asp

12