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    JB CI 10.1 Collision Theory

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    The collision theory of reactions states that: 1) Reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the activation enthalpy. 2) Factors that increase the number of collisions, such as higher concentrations, temperatures, and pressures, will increase the reaction rate. 3) Only collisions where reactants have energy equal to or greater than the activation enthalpy can form products.

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    JB CI 10.1 Collision Theory

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    OCRChemistrySalters
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    The collision theory of reactions states that: 1) Reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the activation enthalpy. 2) Factors that increase the number of collisions, such as higher concentrations, temperatures, and pressures, will increase the reaction rate. 3) Only collisions where reactants have energy equal to or greater than the activation enthalpy can form products.

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    The collision theory of reactions states that: 1) Reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the activation enthalpy. 2) Factors that increase the number of collisions, such as higher concentrations, temperatures, and pressures, will increase the reaction rate. 3) Only collisions where reactants have energy equal to or greater than the activation enthalpy can form products.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    81 views5 pages

    JB CI 10.1 Collision Theory

    Uploaded by

    OCRChemistrySalters
    The collision theory of reactions states that: 1) Reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the activation enthalpy. 2) Factors that increase the number of collisions, such as higher concentrations, temperatures, and pressures, will increase the reaction rate. 3) Only collisions where reactants have energy equal to or greater than the activation enthalpy can form products.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    CI 10.

    1 The collision theory of reactions


    Reactions occur when particles of reactants collide with a certain
    minimum kinetic energy. (Activation enthalpy)

    Low concentration Higher concentration

    Any factor which increases the number of collisions will increase


    the rate of reaction.
    As particles approach and collide, K.E. is converted to P.E. and
    the P.E. of reactants rises.
    X

    Activation enthalpy
    E
    n Reactants
    t
    h ∆H
    a
    l
    p Products
    y
    Progress of reaction

    In the above exothermic reaction, existing bonds start to stretch


    and break and new bonds form. Only Reactants with sufficient
    K.E. will overcome the activation enthalpy and form products.

    At higher temperatures, more of the colliding particles have


    enough energy to react.

    Enthalpy profiles
    X

    E Activation enthalpy
    n
    t Reactants
    h
    a ∆H
    l
    p
    y Products

    Progress of reaction

    The curved line is the energy pathway for a pair of colliding


    molecules (called the energy or enthalpy profile for the reaction).
    X corresponds to the arrangement of atoms where old bonds are
    stretched and new bonds are starting to form.
    Eg. For chlorine atoms and ozone, the oxygen – oxygen bonds in
    ozone break and a new bond between oxygen and chlorine is
    forming.
    Cl + O3  Cl------O------O O  ClO + O2
    At X
    (this is a very unstable arrangement and only lasts for a very short
    time).

    The enthalpy profile is shown as a single curve (this is only true


    for single-step reactions). Other reactions have several steps, so
    the enthalpy profile would show several steps, too.
     do problems for 10.1 ‘Rates of Reactions’ p. 222-223 questions
    1 to 4.

    1. For each of the following reactions, say how, if at all, you


    would expect its rate of reaction to be affected by the
    following factors:
    a) Temperature
    b) Total pressure of gas.
    c) Concentration of solution
    d) Surface area of solid

    a b C
    A Rate will Rate will Rate will
    increase with increase with increase with
    temperature temperature temperature
    B Rate of Rate increases Rate of
    forward forward
    reaction not reaction not
    affected affected
    C Increasing the Solutions not Increasing the
    concentration involved concentration
    of acid will of peroxide
    increase the will increase
    rate the rate
    D The more The more Solids not
    finely divided finely divided involved
    the the catalyst the
    magnesium, faster the rate
    the faster the
    rate
    2.) Both the acid and the enzyme can act as catalysts for the
    hydrolysis of a protein.
    3. a) The greater the concentration of reactants, the greater the
    rate of collisions and hence the faster the reaction proceeds.
    3 b) A change of temperature has little effect. Most collisions
    result in a reaction.
    4 a) B and C b) A and D c) D d) B
    e) B f) D

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