AIM:
Theory:
MS DOS COMMANDS: MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System) was the
Microsoft-marketed version of the first widely-installed operating system in
personal computers. It was essentially the same operating system that Bill
Gates's young company developed for IBM as Personal Computer - Disk
Operating System (PC-DOS). Most users of either DOS system simply referred to
their system as Disk Operating System. Like PC-DOS, MS-DOS was (and still is)
a non-graphical line-oriented command-driven operating system, with a relatively
simple interface but not overly "friendly" user interface.
INTERNAL COMMANDS:
These commands are automatic loaded into the memory when operating system is
loaded into the memory. Thus these are also called memory-resident commands.
The command available are all combined together and are stored in Command.com
file, which is a executable command file. These internal command are further
grouped according to their properties. These are as follows.
Genral purpose
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
CLS
DIR
VER
VOL
DATE
TIME
File related
commands
7. COPY CON
8. TYPE
9. COPY
10. REN
11. DEL
Directory related
commands
12. MD
13. CD
14. RD
General purpose commands
1. CLS:- (Clear the screen) This command is used to clear the screen or wipe out every thing
written on the screen.
Syntax:-
Cr:\> CLS and press Enter
2. DIR:- (Directory) Dir command is used for listing files and directories present in the current
disk.
Syntax:- C:\> DIR [/switches]
Example:- C:\> DIR /P
3. VER:-(Version) Version numbers indicates that which edition of DOS we are working on.
Syntax:- C:\> VER press enter
4. VOL:-(Volume) Displays the disk volume label and serial number, if it exist.
Syntax:- C:\> VOL press enter
5. DATE:- Display the current Date
Syntax:- C:\> DATE
Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting and
a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same date.
Note:- We enter new date in the format of MM-DD-YY.
6. TIME:- Display current time
Syntax:- C:\> TIME
Type TIME with no parameters to display the current time setting and a prompt for a new one.
Press ENTER to keep the same time.
Note:- We enter the time in the format of 24 hour clock.
File related commands
7. COPY CON:- This command gives the facility to create a new text file.
Syntax:- C:\> COPY CON <Filename>
8. TYPE:- This command is used to display the contents or text of any file to the display device.
Syntax:- C:\> TYPE <Filename>
9. COPY :- Copy command is used for copy any file to another location or to copy the files to
another directory. This command may also be used for copying any file to another disk with
different file name.
Syntax:- C:\> COPY <Source filename> <Target file name>
11. DEL:- This command is used for erasing any file from the disk.
Syntax:- C:\> DEL <Filename>
Directory related commands
12. MD:- (Make Directory)- This command allows to create a new directory.
Syntax:- C:\> MD <Dirname>
13. CD:- (Change Directory):- We can enter or exit from any directory using this command.
Syntax:- To access any directory
C:\> CD <Directory name>
14. RD:-(Remove directory):- This command is used when we want to remove any unusable
directory form our disk.
Syntax:- C:\> RD <Directory name>
15. PATH:- This command is used for display or sets directories for executable files.
Synatx:- C:\> PATH
This command display current path settings.
EXTERNAL COMMANDS
External commands are known as Disk residence commands. Because they can be store with
DOS directory or any disk which is used for getting these commands. Theses commands help to
perform some specific task. These are stored in a secondary storage device. Some important
external commands are given belowMORE
MOVE
FIND
DOSKEY
MEM
FC
DISKCOPY
FORMAT
SYS
CHKDSK
ATTRIB
XCOPY
SORT
LABEL
