This document provides an overview of a GPS-based ferry tracking system. The system uses GPS and GSM technologies to track ferry locations in real-time and transmit location data to a monitoring station. It aims to address problems with fleet management and ferry theft by recording ferry locations, speed, and other data over time. The system's objectives are to acquire and transmit ferry location information at set intervals, display ferry locations on a web-based map, provide security alerts if intrusions are detected, and record audio from ferry voyages to monitor passenger safety.
This document provides an overview of a GPS-based ferry tracking system. The system uses GPS and GSM technologies to track ferry locations in real-time and transmit location data to a monitoring station. It aims to address problems with fleet management and ferry theft by recording ferry locations, speed, and other data over time. The system's objectives are to acquire and transmit ferry location information at set intervals, display ferry locations on a web-based map, provide security alerts if intrusions are detected, and record audio from ferry voyages to monitor passenger safety.
This document provides an overview of a GPS-based ferry tracking system. The system uses GPS and GSM technologies to track ferry locations in real-time and transmit location data to a monitoring station. It aims to address problems with fleet management and ferry theft by recording ferry locations, speed, and other data over time. The system's objectives are to acquire and transmit ferry location information at set intervals, display ferry locations on a web-based map, provide security alerts if intrusions are detected, and record audio from ferry voyages to monitor passenger safety.
This document provides an overview of a GPS-based ferry tracking system. The system uses GPS and GSM technologies to track ferry locations in real-time and transmit location data to a monitoring station. It aims to address problems with fleet management and ferry theft by recording ferry locations, speed, and other data over time. The system's objectives are to acquire and transmit ferry location information at set intervals, display ferry locations on a web-based map, provide security alerts if intrusions are detected, and record audio from ferry voyages to monitor passenger safety.
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Chapter one
1.0 INTRODUCTION
GPS based Ferry tracking system provides effective real time Ferry location, mapping and reporting this information. A GPS-based Ferry tracking system will inform where GPS carry Ferry is and where it has been. The system uses geographic position and time information from the Global Positioning Satellites. The system has an "On- Board Module" which resides in the Ferry to be tracked and a "Base Station" that monitors data from the various Ferries. The On-Board module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem. 1.1 BACKGROUND WORK 1.1 .1 Ferry tracking system Ferry tracking system is the technology used to determine the location of a Ferry using different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems operating through satellites and ground based stations. By following triangulation or tri literation methods ,the tracking system enables to calculate easy and accurate location of the vehicle. Ferry information like location details, speed, distance travelled etc. can be viewed on a digital mapping with the help of a software via Internet. Even data can be stored and downloaded to a computer from the GPS unit at a base station and that can later be used for analysis. This system is an important tool for tracking each Ferry at a given period of time and now it
is becoming increasingly popular for people having expensive boat and
hence as a theft prevention and retrieval device.
1.1.2 GPS Technology
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather, anywhere on the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with GPS receiver. The GPS project was developed in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation Systems, integrating ideas from several predecessors, including a number of classified engineering design studies from the 1960s. GPS was created and realized by the U.S .Department of Defence (DOD) and was originally run with24 satellites. It became fully operational in 1994. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite continually transmits messages that include: 1. The time the message was transmitted 2. Satellite position at time of message transmission The receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite using the speed of light. Each of these
Distances and satellites locations define a sphere. The receiver is on the
surface of each of these spheres when the distances and the satellites locations are correct. These distances and satellites locations are used to compute the location of the receiver using the navigation equations. This location is then displayed, perhaps with a moving map display or latitude and longitude; elevation information may be included. Many GPS units show derived information such as direction and speed, calculated from position changes. In a typical GPS operation, four or more satellites must be visible to obtain an accurate result. Four sphere surfaces typically do not intersect. Because of this we can say with confidence that when we solve the navigation equations to find an intersection, this solution gives us the position of the receiver along with accurate time thereby eliminating the need for a very large, expensive, and power hungry clock. The very accurately computed time is used only for display or not at all in many GPS applications, which use only the location. A number of applications for GPS do make use of this cheap and highly accurate timing.
These
include
time
transfer,
traffic
signal
timing,
and
synchronization of cell Phone base stations. Although four satellites are
required for normal operation, fewer apply in special cases. If one variable is already known, a receiver can determine its position using only three satellites. For example, a ship or aircraft may have known elevation. Some GPS receivers may use additional clues or assumptions such as reusing the last known altitude, dead reckoning, inertial navigation, to give a position when fewer than four satellites are visible.
1.1.3 GSM Technology
A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. GSM (Global system for mobile) uses a process called circuit switching. This method of communication allows a path to be established between two devices. Once the two devices are connected, a constant stream of digital data is relayed. GSM networks consist of three major systems the Switching System (SS), The Base Station (BSS) and the Mobile station(MS).
i. The Switching System
The Switching system is very operative system in which many crucial operations are conducted, SS systems holds five databases which performs different functions. If we talk about major tasks of SS system it performs call processing and subscriber related functions. These data bases from SS systems are HLR, MSC, VLR, AUC and EIR. The MSC in cooperation with Home Location register (HLR) and Visitor location register (VLR), take care of mobile calls and routing of phone calls. Authentication centre (AUC) is small
Unit which handles the security end of the system and Equipment identity register (EIR) is another important data base which holds crucial information regarding mobile equipments. ii. The Base Station System (BSS) The
base
station
system
have
very
important
role
in
mobile
communication. BSS are basically outdoor units which consist of iron rods and are usually of high length. BSS are Responsible for connecting subscribers (MS) to mobile networks. All the communication is made in Radio transmission. The Base station System is further divided into two systems. These two systems, they are BTS and BSC.BTS (Base Transceiver station) handles communication using radio transmission with mobile station and BSC (Base station controller) creates physical link between subscriber(MS) and BTS, then manage and controls functions of it. iii. Mobile Station (Subscriber) MS consist of a mobile unit and a smart card which is also referred as a subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. This card fitted with the GSM Modem and gives the user more Personal mobility. The equipment itself is identified by a unique number known as the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI). GSM Hardware
The core of data communication about this system lies in wireless
communication control terminals that uses GSM Modules to transfer longdistance data extensively and reliably. It supports instructions of AT commands. SIM300 can be integrated with a wide range of applications. SIM300 is a Tri-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz.SIM300 provides GPRS multislot class 10 capabilities and support the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS2, CS-3 and CS- 4. With a tiny configuration of 40mm x 33mm x 2.85mm, SIM300 can fit almost all the space requirement in our application. Therefore, the MCU can connect with GSM Modules very expediently through serial interfaces.
1.2 Problem Definition
in recent time there has been several reported case of stolen
ferry at different location across Lagos jetties,also the regular occurrence of capsizing boat in which the rescue operations lies in the ability of the local fisher men, this ugly incidents prompt the invention of the ferry tracking system, the under listed are the problems facing the local jetty services provider in the country. 1 Poor fleet management. 2 Frequent ferry theft without tracing. 3 in case of emergency there is difficulty in ascertain location of ferry. 4 no recorder on board ferry to record information at all time and store this information in data base. This information is available to authorized users of the system via website over the mobile gsm devices.
1.3 Objective Exploring GPS based tracking systems, the under listed are are the core objectives in which the ferry tracker is expected to serve. 1. Acquisition of Ferrys location information (latitude longitude) after specified time interval. 2. Transmission of Ferrys location and other information (including ignition status) to the monitoring station/Tracking server after specified interval of Time. 3. Developing a web based software to display all transmitted information to end user along with displaying location of Ferry on a map. 4. To build an additional feature to the present security system that will warn the owner of the fleet management by sending SMS when There has been an intrusion into the Ferry. 5. To provide a solution to avoid lost of Ferry to thief 6. recording the audio conversation in transit, to give a better security aid when the ferry is vouyage, this enable the jetty manager to know the safety and security of passenger on board.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The ferry tracking device is designed to perform the following function ,the efficiency depends on satellite information and gsm networking system. 1 Send and instant location of the ferry 2 serve as search and rescues aids 3 provide a security and safety information for the fleet management 4 help in fleet management
