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    An Introduction To Electromagnetic Compatibility (Emc) : Presented by Dr. William G. Duff

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    Shin
    This document provides an introduction to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) presented by Dr. William G. Duff of Applied Technology Institute. It discusses various topics that will be covered in a 3-day introduction to EMC course, including examples of EMI, elements of EMI such as sources, coupling mechanisms, and victims, EMI terminology and units, types of EMI including narrowband and broadband emissions, and examples of EMI interactions. The document also provides course schedules and information about Applied Technology Institute's EMC training courses and services.

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    An Introduction To Electromagnetic Compatibility (Emc) : Presented by Dr. William G. Duff

    Uploaded by

    Shin
    162 views50 pages
    This document provides an introduction to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) presented by Dr. William G. Duff of Applied Technology Institute. It discusses various topics that will be covered in a 3-day introduction to EMC course, including examples of EMI, elements of EMI such as sources, coupling mechanisms, and victims, EMI terminology and units, types of EMI including narrowband and broadband emissions, and examples of EMI interactions. The document also provides course schedules and information about Applied Technology Institute's EMC training courses and services.

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    This document provides an introduction to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) presented by Dr. William G. Duff of Applied Technology Institute. It discusses various topics that will be covered in a 3-day introduction to EMC course, including examples of EMI, elements of EMI such as sources, coupling mechanisms, and victims, EMI terminology and units, types of EMI including narrowband and broadband emissions, and examples of EMI interactions. The document also provides course schedules and information about Applied Technology Institute's EMC training courses and services.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    162 views50 pages

    An Introduction To Electromagnetic Compatibility (Emc) : Presented by Dr. William G. Duff

    Uploaded by

    Shin
    This document provides an introduction to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) presented by Dr. William G. Duff of Applied Technology Institute. It discusses various topics that will be covered in a 3-day introduction to EMC course, including examples of EMI, elements of EMI such as sources, coupling mechanisms, and victims, EMI terminology and units, types of EMI including narrowband and broadband emissions, and examples of EMI interactions. The document also provides course schedules and information about Applied Technology Institute's EMC training courses and services.

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    AN INTRODUCTION TO

    ELECTROMAGNETIC
    COMPATIBILITY (EMC)
    PRESENTED BY
    DR. WILLIAM G. DUFF
    Applied Technology Institute
    349 Berkshire Drive
    Riva, Maryland 21140
    888-501-2100/410-956-8805
    Website: www.ATIcourses.com
    Email: ATI@ATIcourses.com
    ATI Course Schedule: http://www.ATIcourses.com/schedule.htm
    ATIs Introduction To EMI : http://www.aticourses.com/sampler/Intro_to_EMI.pdf

    www.ATIcourses.com
    Boost Your Skills
    with On-Site Courses
    Tailored to Your Needs

    349 Berkshire Drive


    Riva, Maryland 21140
    Telephone 1-888-501-2100 / (410) 965-8805
    Fax (410) 956-5785
    Email: ATI@ATIcourses.com

    The Applied Technology Institute specializes in training programs for technical professionals. Our courses keep you
    current in the state-of-the-art technology that is essential to keep your company on the cutting edge in todays highly
    competitive marketplace. Since 1984, ATI has earned the trust of training departments nationwide, and has presented
    on-site training at the major Navy, Air Force and NASA centers, and for a large number of contractors. Our training
    increases effectiveness and productivity. Learn from the proven best.

    For a Free On-Site Quote Visit Us At: http://www.ATIcourses.com/free_onsite_quote.asp


    For Our Current Public Course Schedule Go To: http://www.ATIcourses.com/schedule.htm

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 1 SYLLABUS
    Examples of EMI
    Elements of EMI
    Definition of Terms and Units
    Types of EMI
    Sources of EMI
    Propagation and Coupling
    Victims of EMI
    EMC in Wireless Systems

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 2 SYLLABUS

    EMI in Equipments and Systems


    EMI Coupling Modes
    Common Mode Coupling
    Differential Mode Coupling
    Common Impedance
    Ground Loop
    Grounding
    EMI Mitigation
    Filters, Ferrities, etc.

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 3 SYLLABUS

    Electromagnetic Shielding
    Shielding Applications
    Characteristics of Electromagnetic Fields
    Reflection
    Absorption
    Shielding Compromises
    Shielding Cables
    Design for EMC
    EMI Diagnostics and Fixes
    EMI Specifications and Standards

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 1
    Examples

    of EMI

    What is EMI?
    EMI = Electromagnetic Interference, Alias:
    RFI = Radio Frequency

    Relay Chatter

    Interference
    TVI = Television Interference
    Radio Noise
    Electrical Noise
    Transient Disturbances
    Electromagnetic Pollution
    Surges and Sags
    Ground Bounce
    Crosstalk
    Corona and Arcing
    Sparking
    Electrostatic Discharges
    Lightning Discharges

    Noise Immunity Level


    Audio Hum
    Shot Noise
    Flicker Noise
    White Noise
    Thermal Noise
    Johnson Noise
    TV Snow
    Hum Bars
    Motorboating
    Degenerative Feedback
    Hiss, Buzz and Hum
    Screen Flicker

    E3 = Electromagnetic
    Environmental Effects

    EME = Electromagnetic Environment


    EMC = Electromagnetic Compatibility
    EMI = Electromagnetic Interference
    EMP = Electromagnetic Pulse
    ESD = Electrostatic Discharge
    HEMP = High Altitude EMP

    HERF = Hazards of EM Radiation to Flight


    HERF = Hazards of EM Radiation to Fuel
    HERO = Hazards of EM Radiation to Ordnance
    HIRF = High Intensity Radiated Fields
    HPM = High Power Microwave
    RADHAZ = Radiation Hazards
    RFI = Radio Frequency Interference

    Historical EMI/E3-Related Incidents

    Operation Restore Democracy (Haiti-1995)


    Air wings of USS America & USS Eisenhower
    replaced with men & helicopters of 10th
    Infantry Div. and 75th Ranger Regiment.
    Army aircraft not designed or tested for carrier
    operation, carriers required to turn off almost all
    communications and radar surveillance systems.

    Blackhawk Helicopter (Germany and USA - 1987)


    Several potentially fatal incidents and a fatal crash
    Suspected cause was interference from high
    power radio transmitters
    Entire fleet grounded for 3 months during
    investigation
    Extensive test and retrofit program necessary

    USS Forrestal (Vietnam -1969)


    ZUNI rocket inadvertently launched by a ship radar
    134 dead
    27 aircraft destroyed
    $72M damage to ship ($335M in 2000 dollars)
    Largest Naval loss of life since WW II

    Courtesy of Jose Reza

    Pershing II Nuclear Missile (Germany)


    Missile motor exploded during routine
    maintenance
    Electrostatic discharge identified as the
    cause
    3 dead

    HMS Sheffield (Falkland Islands -1982)


    Hit by undetected EXOCET missile
    EMI caused degradation of surveillance
    radar
    21 dead,
    Ship sank 4 days later

    EMI CASE HISTORIES

    Blackhawk Helicopter
    Aircraft Flight Controls
    Automobile Electronics
    Ship Propulsion System
    Medical Electronics
    Office Electronics
    Consumer Electronics
    Process Control

    Proper Grounding and/or


    Shielding May Have Avoided
    Some of These Problems

    ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS


    (E3)

    Performance degradation of receiver signal


    processing circuits
    Erroneous or inadvertent operation of
    electromechanical equipments, electronic
    circuits, components, ordnance, etc.
    Burnout or voltage breakdown of
    components, antennas, etc.

    ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS


    (E3) CONTINUED

    Unintentional denotation or ignition


    of electroexplosive devices,
    flammable materials, etc.
    Personnel Injuries

    POTENTIAL EMI INTERACTIONS

    Interactions between on board equipments


    Interactions between on board equipments and
    the electromagnetic environment
    Interactions between on board equipments and
    test equipments

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 1
    Elements

    of EMI

    ELEMENTS OF EMI

    SOURCES
    OF EMI

    COUPLING

    VICTIM OF
    EMI

    EMI CULPRIT AND VICTIM

    EMI
    Source

    CULPRIT
    VICTIM

    Signal
    Source

    Signal
    Receiver
    COUPLING PATH

    CONDUCTED OR RADIATED COUPLING

    SOURCE

    COUPLING

    VICTIM

    EMI SOURCES

    TRANSMITTERS
    COMPUTER CLOCKS
    ELECTRIC MOTORS
    SWITCHES AND RELAYS
    LIGHTNING
    ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE

    EMI COUPLING

    RADIATED
    Antenna-to-Antenna
    Case Radiation
    Case Penetration
    Field-to-Wire
    Wire-to-Field
    Wire-to-Wire

    CONDUCTED
    Power Lines
    Interconnecting
    Signal Cables
    Common Ground
    Impedance

    EMI VICTIMS

    RECEIVERS
    ANALOG SENSORS
    ANALOG AMPLIFIERS
    CONTROL SYSTEMS
    COMPUTERS
    ORDNANCE
    PERSONNEL

    PRIMARY EMI INTERACTIONS


    EMI
    EMI SOURCE
    SOURCE
    (EMITTER)
    (EMITTER)

    PRIMARY
    PRIMARYCOUPLING
    COUPLING
    MECHANISM
    MECHANISM

    EMI
    EMI VICTIM
    VICTIM
    (RECEPTOR)
    (RECEPTOR)

    RADIATED
    RADIATED
    ANT-ANT
    ANT-ANT

    RECEIVERS
    RECEIVERS

    RADIATED
    RADIATED
    ANT-CABLE
    ANT-CABLE
    ANT-CASE
    ANT-CASE

    ELECTRONIC
    ELECTRONIC
    EQUIPMENT
    EQUIPMENT

    TRANSMITTERS
    TRANSMITTERS

    RADIATED
    RADIATED
    CABLE-ANT
    CABLE-ANT
    CASE-ANT
    CASE-ANT
    ELECTRICAL
    ELECTRICAL&
    &
    ELECTRONIC
    ELECTRONIC
    EQUIPMENT
    EQUIPMENT

    RADIATED
    RADIATED
    CABLE-CABLE
    CABLE-CABLE
    CABLE-CASE
    CABLE-CASE
    CASE-CABLE
    CASE-CABLE
    CASE-CASE
    CASE-CASE
    CONDUCTED
    CONDUCTED
    POWER
    POWERLINES
    LINES
    SIGNAL
    LINES
    SIGNAL LINES
    GROUND
    GROUND

    RECEIVERS
    RECEIVERS

    ELECTRONIC
    ELECTRONIC
    EQUIPMENT
    EQUIPMENT

    EXAMPLES OF ELECTRONIC-SYSTEM EMI

    1. POWER CABLE EMISSIONS


    2. POWER CABLE CONDUCTED
    SUSCEPTIBILITY
    3. INTERCONNECTING CABLE
    CONDUCTED EMISSION
    4. INTERCONNECTING CABLE
    SUSCEPTIBILITY
    5. ANTENNA LEAD CONDUCTED
    EMISSION
    6. ANTENNA LEAD CONDUCTED
    SUSCEPTIBILITY

    EXAMPLES OF ELECTRONIC-SYSTEM EMI

    7. COMMON GROUND IMPEDANCE


    EMISSION COUPLING
    8. COMMON GROUND IMPEDANCE
    SUSCEPT. COUPLING
    9. H-FIELD RADIATION
    10. E-FIELD RADIATION
    11. H-FIELD SUSCEPTIBILITY
    12. E-FIELD SUSCEPTIBILITY

    EMC ANALYSIS

    Coupling

    H();H(F)

    Interfering
    Transmitter

    X(t)
    X(f)

    y(t)
    Y(f)

    y(t) h ( ) x (t ) d
    -

    Y(f) = H(f) Y(f)


    LINEAR SYSTEMS

    Susceptible
    Receiver

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 1

    Definition

    of Terms and Units

    BASIC TERMS--POWER AND DB SCALE


    dB 10 log

    10

    V1 Z2
    V1 /Z1
    P1
    10 log10
    10 log10
    V2 Z1
    V2 /Z2

    P2

    V1
    Z2
    10 log10 10 log10
    Z1
    V2

    V1
    10 log10 , when Z2 Z1
    V2

    10

    20 log

    dB

    Power
    Ratio

    0
    3
    6
    9

    1.00
    2.00
    4.00
    8.00

    Voltage
    Ratio
    1.00
    1.41
    2.00
    2.82

    V1

    V2

    dB

    Power
    Ratio

    Voltage
    Ratio

    10
    20
    -10
    -20

    10
    100
    .1
    .01

    3.16
    10
    .300
    .10

    CIRCUIT AND FIELD RELATIONS

    ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

    Time Varying
    Spatial Varying
    Electric Field
    Magnetic Field
    Velocity of Propagation
    Wavelength = C/
    (m) = 300

    fMHz
    (ft) = 984
    fMHz

    ANTENNA FACTOR: RELATION BETWEEN ARRIVING


    FIELD STRENGTH, E, AND RECEIVER INDUCED VOLTAGE,
    V.

    INTRODUCTION TO EMC
    DAY 1

    Types of EMI

    NARROWBAND AND BROADBAND EMISSIONS

    RECEIVER IMPULSE BANDWIDTH

    Vi/MHz

    Bi
    f
    fc

    V=Vi/MHz BiMHz
    BiMHz=

    V
    7dB C.W.B.W.
    Vi/MHz

    BROADBAND EMI RELATIONSHIPS

    V/MHz = V volts
    Bi (MHz)
    20log V/MHz = 20log Volts- 20log Bi MHz
    dBV/MHz = dBV - BidB/MHz

    EXAMPLES OF NARROWBAND EMI UNITS

    Conducted
    Power
    W
    dBW
    dBm

    Voltage
    V
    dBV
    dBV

    Current
    A
    dBA
    dBA

    Radiated
    Power Density
    W/m2
    dBW/m2
    dBm/m2

    Field Strength
    V/m
    dBv/m
    dBV/m

    Magnetic Field (H)


    A/m
    dBA/m
    dBA/m

    Magnetic Flux Density (B)


    Tesla (Weber/m2)
    Picotesla (pT)
    dBpT

    EXAMPLES OF BROADBAND EMI UNITS

    Conducted
    Power
    dBm/kHz

    Voltage
    dBV/MHz

    Current
    dBA/MHz

    Radiated
    Power Density
    dBm/m2/kHz

    Field Strength
    dBV/m/MHz

    Magnetic Field (H)


    dBA/m/MHz

    Magnetic Flux Density (B)


    dBpT/MHz

    FOURIER ANALYSIS

    TIME DOMAIN
    (OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW)

    Frequency Domain
    (Spectrum Analyzer,
    EMI Receiver View)

    Sine Wave

    F
    F0 = 1
    T

    TIME DOMAIN
    (OSCILLOSCOPE VIEW)

    Frequency Domain
    (Spectrum Analyzer,
    EMI Receiver View)

    TIME-FREQUENCY TRANSFORMATION OF
    PERIODIC FUNCTION

    TIME-FREQUENCY TRANSFORMATION OF
    SINGLE PULSE

    LIGHTNING, EMP, AND ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE

    EMI IMPACT VISIBLE IN FREQUENCY


    DOMAIN

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