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How to Use a Micropipette

What is a Micropipette?
Scientists use a pipette when they need to deliver small volumes of a liquid in an accurate
and precise manner. A pipette is a calibrated glass tube into which the liquid is drawn and
released that can be relied upon to dispense volumes down to 0.1 mL. However, molecular
biologists and chemists frequently work with volumes as small as 0.1 L, which calls for the
use of a micropipette. A micropipette is a very fine pipette for measuring, transferring, or
injecting very small quantities of liquid.
Plastic tips are used as a medium to load and
transfer the liquid sample. They allow the same
device to be used for different samples without
washing. They come in a number of different
sizes and colors, depending on the micropipette
they are used with and the volume to be
dispensed.
The most commonly used tips are:
Large 200-1000L
Medium 2-200L
Small - <2L

All micropipettes operate on the principle:


A plunger is depressed by the thumb and as it is
released, liquid is drawn into a disposable plastic
tip. When the plunger is pressed again, the liquid
is dispensed.

Figure 1: A micropipette
Source: http://www.di.uq.edu.au/sparqmicropipette

STEP I: Set the volume


1. Turn the centrally located rings clockwise to increase volume or
counterclockwise to decrease volume until you reach the desired
volume.
The change in color indicates the position of the decimal point.

P20: Maximum volume 20 l. Accurate between .5 l and 20 l.


P200: Maximum volume 200 l. Accurate between 20 l and 200 l.
P1000: Maximum volume 1000 l (1 ml). Accurate between 200 l and 1000 l.
NOTE:

Trying to dispense less than the lower value of the range will result in
inaccurate measurements.

Trying to dispense over the upper range will completely fill the tip and allow
liquid to enter the body of the pipette.

STEP II: Draw Up the Liquid

1. Place a tip on the discharge end of the pipette.


Pick the appropriate tip box and push the end of the micropipette into the
tip and giving two sharp taps.
NOTE:

Be sure you use the proper size tip for each pipette.

Always use a new tip for each different liquid.

If sterile conditions are necessary, do not allow the pipet tip to touch any
object including your hands.

2. Depress the plunger until you feel the initial resistance and insert tip
into the solution, just barely below the surface of the liquid.
Do not go past Position 2 yet. This step determines the amount of liquid that
will get transferred.

Position 1 is where
the pipette is at
rest.

Position 2 is reached by pushing


Position 3 is reached by
down on the plunger until initial pushing down from position 2
resistance is met.
and is the farthest point.

NOTE:

You should not reach the second stop when drawing liquid into the pipette.
That is only to be reached when dispensing the liquid in the next step.

If the solution you are pipetting is viscous, allow the pipet tip to fill to final
volume before removing it from solution to avoid the presence of bubbles in
the plastic tip which will result in an inaccurate volume.

3. Carefully and slowly release plunger.


NOTE:

When withdrawing liquids with the pipette, always release the plunger slowly.
This prevents liquid from rushing into the end of the pipette and clogging it
up. This is especially important with large volume pipettes (200-1000 l).

Never point a pipette up. This may cause liquid to run down into the pipette
destroying it.

STEP III: Dispense the Liquid

4. Discharge the solution into the appropriate container by depressing


plunger.
This time, depress the plunger to the point of initial resistance (Position 2),
wait one second, and then continue pressing the plunger as far as it will go
(Position 3) in order to discharge the entire volume of solution.
5. Remove tip by pressing down on the tip discarder.
NOTE:

Once used, tips are ejected into a sharps disposal bin using the tip eject
button.

Never touch the tip with your fingers, as this poses a contamination risk.

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