ASEN3113 HW4 Solutions
ASEN3113 HW4 Solutions
ASEN3113 HW4 Solutions
Homework #4
Assigned: September 28, 2006
Due: October 10, 2006 (class time)
(Total points noted in each section; must clearly show equations with values and units, drawings,
assumptions, etc.)
1. (20 points) A cold air standard Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. The cylinder state at
the end of the expansion process is T = 500 K and P = 620 kPa. The heat rejection per unit mass
Q41
163kJ / kg Determine the following:
m
Solution:
Q41
Using the given heat rejection, u 4 u1 . Thus, with u cv T and cv = 0.721 kJ/kg K:
m
Q41 163kJ / kg
T1 T4 500 K 273.93K
m cv 0.721kJ / kgK
For the isentropic compression T2 / T1 (V1 / V2 ) k 1 . Therefore
Wcycle / m 211.45kJ / kg
0.565
Q23 / m 374.45kJ / kg
211 .45kJ / kg
Thus mep 1043.86kPa
(0.2315m 3 / kg )(1 1 / 8)
2. (20 points) An air standard gas turbine engine has a compressor pressure ratio of 12. It
operates between 290 K and 1400 K. The turbine and compressor each have isentropic
efficiencies of 90%.Determine the following:
Solution:
Determine the unknown temperatures:
( k 1) / k
P
290 K 12
(1.4 1) / 1.4
T2 T1 2 589.84 K
P1
( k 1) / k
P
1400 K 1 / 12
(1.4 1) / 1.4
T4 T3 4 688.32 K
P3
Determine the work input to the compressor and the work output of the turbine:
a) Net work:
b) Heat rejected:
c) Thermal efficiency:
q in c p (T3 T2 ) 1.005kJ / kg (1400 K 589.84 K ) 814.21kJ / kg
Wnet 413.9kJ / kg
th 0.508
q in 814.21kJ / kg
3. (30 points) A four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine has a bore of 95.25 mm.
and a stroke of 87.63 mm. The clearance volume is 17% of the cylinder volume at bottom dead
center and the crankshaft rotates at 2600 RPM. The total volume of the cylinder is the volume of
bore and stroke volume plus the clearance volume. The processes within each cylinder are
modeled as an Otto cycle with a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 288 K at the beginning of
compression. The maximum temperature in the cycle is 2888 K. Use the following constants in
your analysis:
k = 1.4 for air/fuel mixture (compression) and k = 1.285 for combustion products (expansion)
Cv = 0.926 kJ/kg*K between steps 2 and 3, Cv = 0.825 kJ/kg*K between steps 4 and 1
(a) (4 points) Draw the P-v diagram; label Pressures, Temperatures, Qin, and Qout
(b) (2 points) Calculate the mass of air at the beginning of the cycle
(c) (12 points) Calculate the Pressure in kPa and Temperature in K at each step in the cycle
(d) (6 points) Calculate the net Work per cycle in Joules
(e) (3 points) Calculate the power developed by the engine in kW
(f) (3 points) Calculate the thermal efficiency of this engine
Solution
(a) See diagrams in Cengal pg 292-293.
d 2 0.09525m 2
VTotal Vbore & stroke Vclearance h 0.17Vtotal 0.08763m 0.17Vtotal
4 4
VTotal 0.000624m 0.17VTotal VTotal 0.000752m
3 3
m
P1V1 101,000 m 2 0.000752m
N 3
0.92 g (b solution)
RT1 0.2870 J 288K
g*K
4. (30 points) The conditions at the beginning of compression in an air-standard Diesel cycle are
fixed by p1= 200 kPa, T1 = 380 K. The compression ratio is 20 and the heat addition per unit
mass is 900 kJ/kg. Use k = 1.4 for air/fuel mixture (compression) and k = 1.34 for combustion
products (expansion).
Hint: To determine T3, use the averaged temperature value between T3 and T2 to determine the
temperature corresponding to a value for average Cp and iterate until you calculate values for
average Cp and T3 that work in the equations. A first guess for the value of T3 will be between
1600 and 2000 K. Use three decimal places only for average Cp in kJ/kg*K and also round
temperature values to the nearest value in four significant digits for this problem (i.e. No decimal
places for temperatures). Table A-19 has values for air and the units for Cp should be J/kg *K.
(Total points noted in each section; must clearly show equations with values and units, drawings,
assumptions, etc.)
(a) (4 points) Draw the P-v diagram and label Pressures, Temperatures, Qin, and Qout
(b) (14 points) Calculate the Pressure in kPa and Temperature in K at each step in the cycle
(c) (4 points) Calculate the net Work per cycle in kJ/kg.
(d) (4 points) Calculate the cutoff ratio
(e) (4 points) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle
Solution:
(a) See pg 298 in Cengal for diagrams.
q in C p T3 T2 900 kJ C p T3 1259 K
kg
T3 T2
1621K Table A 19, Air C p 1.243 Temp _ Guess _ OK
2
Thermal efficiency:
w 552kJ
th net th 61.3%
q in 900kJ