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    If (Conditional) Clause

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    Riza Luthfi
    Conditional sentences, also known as conditional clauses, are used to express that the action in the main clause can only occur if a certain condition in the conditional clause is met. There are three types of conditional sentences: first conditional refers to present or future possibilities, second conditional refers to unlikely present situations, and third conditional refers to impossible past situations. The pattern is: first conditional uses present tense in the conditional clause and will/present tense in the main clause; second conditional uses past tense in the conditional clause and would+infinitive in the main clause; third conditional uses past perfect in the conditional clause and would have+past participle in the main clause.

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    If (Conditional) Clause

    Uploaded by

    Riza Luthfi
    330 views2 pages
    Conditional sentences, also known as conditional clauses, are used to express that the action in the main clause can only occur if a certain condition in the conditional clause is met. There are three types of conditional sentences: first conditional refers to present or future possibilities, second conditional refers to unlikely present situations, and third conditional refers to impossible past situations. The pattern is: first conditional uses present tense in the conditional clause and will/present tense in the main clause; second conditional uses past tense in the conditional clause and would+infinitive in the main clause; third conditional uses past perfect in the conditional clause and would have+past participle in the main clause.

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    If (Conditional) Clause

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    Conditional sentences, also known as conditional clauses, are used to express that the action in the main clause can only occur if a certain condition in the conditional clause is met. There are three types of conditional sentences: first conditional refers to present or future possibilities, second conditional refers to unlikely present situations, and third conditional refers to impossible past situations. The pattern is: first conditional uses present tense in the conditional clause and will/present tense in the main clause; second conditional uses past tense in the conditional clause and would+infinitive in the main clause; third conditional uses past perfect in the conditional clause and would have+past participle in the main clause.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    330 views2 pages

    If (Conditional) Clause

    Uploaded by

    Riza Luthfi
    Conditional sentences, also known as conditional clauses, are used to express that the action in the main clause can only occur if a certain condition in the conditional clause is met. There are three types of conditional sentences: first conditional refers to present or future possibilities, second conditional refers to unlikely present situations, and third conditional refers to impossible past situations. The pattern is: first conditional uses present tense in the conditional clause and will/present tense in the main clause; second conditional uses past tense in the conditional clause and would+infinitive in the main clause; third conditional uses past perfect in the conditional clause and would have+past participle in the main clause.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Conditional Clause

    Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to
    express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in
    the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences

    Conditional Clause and Main Clause

    If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.


    conditional clause main clause
    I will go to Japan, if I have enough money
    main clause conditional clause

    The Type and Uses of the Conditional

    1. First conditional

    It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

    a. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.


    b. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
    e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
    If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.

    2. Second conditional

    It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

    a. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.


    b. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
    e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
    If I were you, I would tell my father.
    Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a
    presidential candidate)
    If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a
    schoolboy: improbable)
    If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
    If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)

    3. Third conditional

    It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

    a. Nature: unreal
    b. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
    e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But
    you didn't, and I have).
    The pattern of Conditional Clause

    Conditional clause Main clause


    1. If + Present Tense will + inf / present tense / imperative
    a. If you help me with the dishes (if + pres),
    I will help you with your homework. (will + inf)
    b. If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by three,
    the number is divisible by three (Pres. tense)

    c. If you see Mr Fox tonight, tell him I am ill. (imperative).


    2. If + Past Tense would + inf
    3. If + Past Perfect Tense would have + past participle
    We do not normally use will or would in the conditional clause,

    only in the main clause.

    The Example of First, Second, and Third Conditional

    1. First conditional: If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.


    2. Second conditional: If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
    3. Third conditional: If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.

    Remember!
    1. The conditional construction does not normally use will or would in if-clauses.
    EXCEPTION: If will or would express willingness, as in requests, they can be used in if-
    clauses.
    e.g. If you will come this way, the manager will see you now.
    I would be grateful if you would give me a little help.
    (= please, come this way; please, give me...)
    2. For the second conditional, were replaces was:
    If I were a rich man...
    3. After if, we can either use "some(-one, -where...)" or "any(-one, -where...).
    If I have some spare time next weekend....or :
    If I have any spare time...
    4. Instead of if not, we can use unless.
    e.g. I'll be back tomorrow unless there is a plane strike.
    He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low.
    5.There is a "mixed type" as well, for the present results of an unreal condition in the past:
    If + Past Perfect - would + inf.
    If you had warned me [then], I would not be in prison [now].

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