Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level

* 7 9 1 7 3 6 8 0 4 3 *

PHYSICS 9702/22
Paper 2 AS Level Structured Questions February/March 2016
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

DC (NF/SW) 107947/3
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Data

speed of light in free space c = 3.00 108 m s1

permeability of free space 0 = 4 107 H m1

permittivity of free space 0 = 8.85 1012 F m1

1
( = 8.99 109 m F1)
40
elementary charge e = 1.60 1019 C

the Planck constant h = 6.63 1034 J s

unified atomic mass unit 1 u = 1.66 1027 kg

rest mass of electron me = 9.11 1031 kg

rest mass of proton mp = 1.67 1027 kg

molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K1 mol1

the Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 1023 mol1

the Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 1023 J K1

gravitational constant G = 6.67 1011 N m2 kg2

acceleration of free fall g = 9.81 m s2

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Formulae

1
uniformly accelerated motion s = ut + 2 at 2
v 2 = u 2 + 2as

work done on/by a gas W = p V

Gm
gravitational potential =
r

hydrostatic pressure p = gh

1 Nm 2
pressure of an ideal gas p = 3
c
V
simple harmonic motion a = 2x

velocity of particle in s.h.m. v = v0 cos t

v = (x 0 2 x 2 )
fsv
Doppler effect fo =
v vs

Q
electric potential V =
40r

capacitors in series 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + . . .

capacitors in parallel C = C1 + C2 + . . .

energy of charged capacitor W = 12 QV

electric current I = Anvq

resistors in series R = R1 + R2 + . . .

resistors in parallel 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + . . .

BI
Hall voltage VH =
ntq

alternating current/voltage x = x0 sin t

radioactive decay x = x0 exp(t )

0.693
decay constant =
t 1
2

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BLANK PAGE

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Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 The speed v of a transverse wave on a uniform string is given by the expression

Tl
v=
m

where T is the tension in the string, l is its length and m is its mass.

An experiment is performed to determine the speed v of the wave. The measurements are shown
in Fig. 1.1.

quantity measurement uncertainty

T 1.8 N 5%
l 126 cm 1%
m 5.1 g 2%

Fig. 1.1

(a) State an appropriate instrument to measure the length l.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) (i) Use the data in Fig. 1.1 to calculate the speed v.

v = ................................................. m s1 [2]

(ii) Use your answer in (b)(i) and the data in Fig. 1.1 to determine the value of v, with its
absolute uncertainty, to an appropriate number of significant figures.

v = ...................................... ...................................... m s1 [3]

[Total: 6]
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2 (a) Define acceleration.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) A ball is kicked from horizontal ground towards the top of a vertical wall, as shown in Fig. 2.1.

path of ball

v
wall
ball

28
horizontal
24 m ground

Fig. 2.1 (not to scale)

The horizontal distance between the initial position of the ball and the base of the wall is 24 m.
The ball is kicked with an initial velocity v at an angle of 28 to the horizontal. The ball hits the
top of the wall after a time of 1.5 s. Air resistance may be assumed to be negligible.

(i) Calculate the initial horizontal component vX of the velocity of the ball.

vX = ................................................. m s1 [1]

(ii) Show that the initial vertical component vY of the velocity of the ball is 8.5 m s1.

[2]

(iii) Calculate the time taken for the ball to reach its maximum height above the ground.

time = ........................................................ s [2]

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(iv) The ball is kicked at time t = 0. On Fig. 2.2, sketch the variation with time t of the vertical
component vY of the velocity of the ball until it hits the wall. It may be assumed that
velocity is positive when in the upwards direction.

10.0

vY / m s1

5.0

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
t /s

5.0

10.0

Fig. 2.2
[2]

(c) (i) Use the information in (b) to determine the maximum height of the ball above the ground.

maximum height = ...................................................... m [2]

(ii) The maximum gravitational potential energy of the ball above the ground is 22 J. Calculate
the mass of the ball.

mass = ...................................................... kg [2]

(d) A ball of greater mass is kicked with the same velocity as the ball in (b).
State and explain the effect, if any, of the increased mass on the maximum height reached by
the ball. Air resistance is still assumed to be negligible.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 13]

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3 (a) State what is meant by

(i) work done,

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) elastic potential energy.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) A block of mass 0.40 kg slides in a straight line with a constant speed of 0.30 m s1 along a
horizontal surface, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

spring
block 0.30 m s1
mass 0.40 kg

Fig. 3.1

The block hits a spring and decelerates. The speed of the block becomes zero when the
spring is compressed by 8.0 cm.

(i) Calculate the initial kinetic energy of the block.

kinetic energy = ....................................................... J [2]

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(ii) The variation of the compression x of the spring with the force F applied to the spring is
shown in Fig. 3.2.

8.0
x / cm

0
0 FMAX F

Fig. 3.2

Use your answer in (b)(i) to determine the maximum force FMAX exerted on the spring by
the block.
Explain your working.

FMAX = ....................................................... N [3]

(iii) Calculate the maximum deceleration of the block.

deceleration = ................................................. m s2 [1]

(iv) State and explain whether the block is in equilibrium

1. before it hits the spring,

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

2. when its speed becomes zero.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(c) The energy E stored in a spring is given by

E = 12 k x 2

where k is the spring constant of the spring and x is its compression.

The mass m of the block in (b) is now varied. The initial speed of the block remains constant
and the spring continues to obey Hookes law.

On Fig. 3.3, sketch the variation of the maximum compression x0 of the spring with mass m.

x0

0
0 m

Fig. 3.3 [2]

[Total: 12]

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4 (a) (i) By reference to the direction of propagation of energy, state what is meant by a transverse
wave.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the principle of superposition.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Circular water waves may be produced by vibrating dippers at points P and Q, as illustrated in
Fig. 4.1.

wavefront
P
44 cm

R
29 cm
Q

Fig. 4.1 (not to scale)

The waves from P alone have the same amplitude at point R as the waves from Q alone.
Distance PR is 44 cm and distance QR is 29 cm.

The dippers vibrate in phase with a period of 1.5 s to produce waves of speed 4.0 cm s1.

(i) Determine the wavelength of the waves.

wavelength = ..................................................... cm [2]

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(ii) By reference to the distances PR and QR, explain why the water particles are at rest at
point R.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [3]

(c) A wave is produced on the surface of a different liquid. At one particular time, the variation of
the vertical displacement y with distance x along the surface of the liquid is shown in Fig. 4.2.

1.0
y / cm
0.5

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 x / cm
0.5

1.0

Fig. 4.2

(i) The wave has intensity I1 at distance x = 2.0 cm and intensity I2 at x = 10.0 cm.

Determine the ratio

intensity I2
.
intensity I1

ratio = ......................................................... [2]

(ii) State the phase difference, with its unit, between the oscillations of the liquid particles at
distances x = 3.0 cm and x = 4.0 cm.

phase difference = .......................................................... [1]

[Total: 11]

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5 (a) (i) State what is meant by an electric current.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Define electric potential difference (p.d.).

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) A power supply of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 8.7 V and negligible internal resistance is
connected by two identical wires to three filament lamps, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

connecting wires

power supply
8.7 V

0.30 A

Fig. 5.1 (not to scale)

The power supply provides a current of 0.30 A to the circuit.

The filament lamps are identical. The IV characteristic for one of the lamps is shown in
Fig. 5.2.

0.40

I/A
0.30

0.20

0.10

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
V/V

Fig. 5.2

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(i) Show that the resistance of each connecting wire is 2.0 .

[2]

(ii) The resistivity of the metal of the connecting wires does not vary with temperature.
On Fig. 5.2, sketch the IV characteristic for one of the connecting wires. [2]
(iii) Calculate the power loss in one of the connecting wires.

power = ...................................................... W [2]

(iv) Some data for the connecting wires are given below.

cross-sectional area = 0.40 mm2

resistivity = 1.7 108 m
number density of free electrons = 8.5 1028 m3

Calculate

1. the length of one of the connecting wires,

length = ...................................................... m [2]

2. the drift speed of a free electron in the connecting wires.

drift speed = ................................................. m s1 [2]

[Total: 12]
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6 A neutron decays by emitting a particle.

(a) Complete the equation below for this decay.

......... ......... .........

1
0n .........
........... + .........
+ .........

[2]

(b) State the name of the particle represented by the symbol .

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) State the name of the class (group) of particles that includes and .

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) State

(i) the quark structure of the neutron,

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) the change to the quark structure when the neutron decays.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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