Mathematics -IX

Co-ordinate Geometry

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 COORDINATE GEOMETRY

3.1 INTRODUCTION:
If we choose x = 1, 0 etc. from the set R of the real numbers and the corresponding values of
y obtained from the relation y = 3x 2
(i) x = 1 y = 3( 1) 2 = 5 (ii) x = 0 y = 3(0) 2 = 2
i.e., 5, 2 are called dependent variables while 1, 0 are called independent variables. Now the pairs
(1, 5), (0, 2) are known as ordered pairs and coordinates of two different points in the Cartesian
plane.
Ordered Pair : Apair of numbers a and b listed in a specific order with a at the first place and b at the
second place is called an ordered pair (a, b).
Note that (a, b) z (b, a).

3.2 RECTANGULAR COORDINATE AXES:

Let X'OX and Y'OY be two mutually perpendicular lines through any point O in the plane of the paper.
Y
This point O, is called origin.
5
Now choose a convenient unit of length and starting from 4

the origin as zero, mark off a number scale on the horizontal line 3
2
X'OX, positive to the right of the origin O and negative to the 1

left of origin O.Also, mark off the same scale on the vertical line X O 0
X
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-1
Y'OY, positive upwards and negative downwards of -2
-3
the origin O. -4

The line X'OX is called the x-axis or axis of x. -5

The line Y'OY is known as the y-axis or axis of y. Y

The x-axis and y-axis taken together are called the co-ordinate axis or the axes of coordinates.

Illustration 1. Fill in the blanks:

(i) The point in the positive direction to the right of origin at a distance
of 4 units from origin lies on __________.
(ii) The point at a distance of x units above the origin lies on __________.

Solution : (i) positive x-axis, (ii) positive y-axis

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3.3 CARTESIAN COORDINATES OF A POINT:
Let X'OX and Y'OY be the coordinate axes, and let P Y
be any point in the plane. Draw perpendiculars PM and
5
PN from P on x and y axis respectively. The length of 4
the line segment OM in the units of scale chosenis called 3
P(x, y)
x
2
the x-coordinate or abscissa of point P. N
1 y
Similarly, the length of the directed line segment ON on M X
X'
-5 O 2 3 4 5
the same scale is called the y-coordinate or ordinate -4 -3 -2 -1
-1
1

of point P. If OM = x and ON = y, then the position of -2

-3
the point P in the plane with respect to the coordinate
-4
axes is represented by the ordered pair (x, y). The -5
ordered pair(x, y) is called the coordinates of point P.
Y'
Thus, for a given point, the abscissa and ordinate are
the distances of the given point from y-axis and x-axis
respectively.

Illustration 2. See figure & complete the following statements:

(i) The abscissa and the ordinate of the point A are ___ and ___,
respectively. Hence, the coordinates of A are (___,__).
(ii) The abscissa and the ordinate of the point B are ___ and ___,
respectively. Hence the coordinates of B are (___, ___).

Solution :
(i) 4, 3, (4, 3) (ii) 3, 4, (3, 4)

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3.4 QUADRANTS :
The x-axis andy-axis divide the cartesian plane into four regions, Y
called the quadrants.
II I
Let X'OX and Y'OY be the coordinate axes, which divide the Quadrant Quadrant
(, +) (+, +)
plane in four quadrants. The regions XOY, X'OY and X'OY' X' X
and Y'OX are known as the first, the second, the third and the
III O IV
fourth quadrants respectively. Quadrant Quadrant
(, ) (+, )
(i) Towards the right side of the Y-axis, x-coordinate of
any point on the graph paper is taken positive and Y'
towards the left side of theY-axis, x-coordinate is taken
negative.
(ii) Above the X-axis, the y-coordinate of any point on the graph paper is taken positive and below
the x-axis, y-coordinate is taken negative.
The four quadrants are characterised by the following signs of
abscissa and ordinate:
Quadrant x coordinate y coordinate Point
First Quadrant + + (+, +)
Second Quadrant + (, +)
Third Quadrant (, )
Fourth Quadrant + (+, )

(i) The coordinates of the origin are (0, 0).

(ii) The coordinates of any point on x axis are of the form (x, 0).
(iii) The coordinates of any point on y axis are of the form (0, y).
(iv) If the abscissa of a point is zero, it would lie on the y axis and if its ordinate is zero it
would lie on x-axis.

Illustration 3.
In which quadrant or on which axis are the points (4, 6), (5, 2), (7, 0) and
(2, 1) lie?
Solution:
(i)  x coordinate < 0, y coordinate > 0, point (4, 6) lies in the II quadrant.
(ii)  x coordinate > 0, y coordinate < 0, point (5, 2) lies in the IV quadrant.
(iii)  x coordinate < 0, y coordinate = 0, point (7, 0) lies on x axis.
(iv)  x coordinate < 0, y coordinate < 0, point (2, 1) lies in the III quadrant.

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 Illustration 4.
Write the coordinates of a point lying on x-axis to the left of origin at a distance

of 2 units.
Solution: (2, 0)

Illustration 5.
Write the coordinates of a point lying on y-axis at a distance of 5 units above
origin.
Solution: (0, 5)

3.5 PLOTTING OF POINTS IN THE CARTESIAN PLANE :

In order to plot the points in a plane, we may use the following algorithm:
(i) Draw two mutually perpendicular lines on the graph paper, one horizontal and other vertical.
(ii Mark their intersection point as O (origin). The horizontal line as X'OX and the vertical line as
Y'OY. The X'OX is the x-axis and the line Y'OY is the y-axis.
(iii) Choose a suitable scale on x-axis and y-axis and mark the points on both the axes.
(iv) Obtain the coordinates of the point which is to be plotted. Let the point be P(a, b). To plot this
point, start from the origin and move | a | units along OX or OX' according as a is positive or
negative. Suppose we arrive at point M. From point M move vertically upward or downward
through | b | units according as b is positive or negative. The point where we arrive finally is the
required point P(a, b).

Illustration 6.
Plot point A(3, 4) on a graph paper. Y
5
Solution: .A(3, 4)
4
(i) Let X'OX andY'OY be the coordinate 3
2
axes.
1
(ii) Let 1 column on x axis and y axis is X'
O
. .M X

-4 -3 -2 -1-1 1 2 3 4 5
equal to 1 units.
-2
(iii) Start from the origin and move 3 units -3
along OX and mark this point as M. -4

(iv) From M move4 units verticallyupward. Y'

(v) This point is the required pointA(3, 4).

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 Illustration 7.
Draw the lines X'OX and YOY' as axes on the plane of a paper and plot the
points given below:
(i) A(5, 3) (ii) B(3, 2) (iii) C(5, 4) (iv) D(2, 6)
Solution:
Let X'OX and YOY' be the coordinate axes.
Fix a convenient unit of length and starting from O, mark equal distances on OX, OX', OY
and OY':
(i) Starting from O, take +5 units on the x-axis
and then +3 units on the y-axis to obtain
the point A(5, 3).
(ii) Starting from O, take 3 units on the x-axis
and then +2 units on the y-axis to obtain
the point B(3, 2).
(iii) Starting from O, take 5 units on the x-axis
and then 4 units on the y-axis to obtain
the point B(5, 4).
(iv) Starting from O, take 2 units on the x-axis
and then 6 units on the y-axis to obtain
the point D(2, 6).

Illustration 8.
Draw the quadrilateral whose vertices are:
(2, 2), (4, 2), (6, 2) and (4, 6).
Solution:
With rectangular axes, plot the points A(2, 2), B(4, 2),C(6, 2) and D(4, 6).
Join A to B, B to C, C to D and D to A. The quadrilateral so formed is a Rhombus
ABCD. Y
5
4
3
.B(4,2) 2
1
X' (0, 0) X
O 2 3 4 5
6 5 4 3 2 1 1
1
.
C(6, 2)
.A(2,2)
2
3
4

5
.
D(4,6)
6
Y'

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 Illustration 9.
Plot points A(6, 0) and B(0, 5) on the graph paper. Join A and B. What
figure do you obtain. Find the area of the figure so formed.
Solution: Y
6
(i) Move 6 units to the left of origin and mark 5
that point as A. 4

(ii) Move 5 units below origin and mark that 3

2
point as B.
1
(iii) JoinAand B. X' .A(6,0) O
(0, 0) X

The figure obtained is a right angled -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6

-1
triangle as AOB is 90. -2

1 -3
Area of triangle is given by = base height -4
2
Let AO be base of 'AOB. -5 .B(0,5)
-6
BO be height of 'AOB. Y'

1
area ('AOB) = (6) (5) = 15 square units.
2

3.6 DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS:

The distance between any two points in the plane is the length of Y
Q (x2, y2)
the line segment joining them. The distance between two points
P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2) is given by
PQ = x 2  x1 2  y 2  y1 2 P(x1, y1)
X
O
i.e. PQ =  difference of abscissa    difference of ordinates 
2 2

The distance of a point P(x, y) from the origin O(0, 0) is given by OP = x  y

2 2
(i)
(ii) For three points to be collinear, prove that the sum of the distances between two pairs of
points is equal to the third pair of points.

Illustration 10.
Find the distance between the two points P(5, 7) and Q(1, 3).
Solution:

PQ =  1  52  3 7 2 =  1  52   42 = 42   42
PQ = 16  16 = 32

? The distance between two points P and Q is 32 units.

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 APPLICATIONS OFDISTANCE FORMULA:
(i) For given three points A, B, C to decide whether they are collinear or vertices of a
particular triangle. First we find the length ofAB, BC and CAthen we shall find that the
points are
(a) Collinear, if the sum of two shorter distances is equal to the largest distance.
(b) Vertices of an equilateral triangle ifAB = BC = CA.
(c) Vertices of an isosceles triangle if AB = BC or BC = CA or CA = AB
(d) Vertices of a right angled triangle if AB2 + BC2 = CA2 etc.
(ii) For given four points A, B, C and D.
(a) A B = BC = CD = DA ; A C = BD ABCD is a square.
(b) AB = BC = CD = DA ABCD is a rhombus.
(c) AB = CD, BC = DA, AC = BD ABCD is a rectangle.
(d) AB = CD, BC = DA ABCD is a parallelogram.
(iii) (a) Diagonals of square, rhombus, rectangle and parallelogram always bisect each
other.
(b) Diagonals of rhombus and square bisect each other at right angle.
(c) Three given points are collinear if area of the triangle formed from these three
points is zero.
(d) Four given points are collinear, if area of quadrilateral formed from these four
points is zero.

3.7 SECTION FORMULA :

The coordinates of the point P(x, y) which divides the line segment joining the points A(x1, y1) and
B (x2, y2) internally in the ratio m : n are given by. P (x, y)
mx 2  nx1 my 2  ny1 A B
,
mn mn (x1, y1) (x2, y2)

Proof :
Let A(x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) be the two given points and P be a point onAB which divides it in the given
ratio m : n i.e. AP : PB = m : n. We have to find the co-ordinates of P. Let coordinates of P = (x, y).
Draw the perpendicular AL, PM, BN on OX and AK, PT on PM and BN respectively. Then, from
AP AK PK
similar triangles AKP and PTB, we have = = .......(i)
PB PT BT
Now, AK = LM = OM OL = x x1
PT = MN = ON OM = x2 x
PK = MP MK = MP LA = y y1
BT = NB NT = NB MP = y2 y

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 m x  x1 y  y1
From (i), we have = x x = y y Y
n 2 2 B (x2, y2)
(x, y) P
T
m x  x1 (x1, y1) A K
The first two relations give, = x x
n 2

or mx2 mx = nx nx1 X' X

O L M N
or x (m + n) = mx2 + nx1 Y'
mx 2  nx1
or x=
mn

AP PK m y  y1
Similarly, from the relation = , we get = y  y which gives on simplification.
PB BT n 2

my2  ny1
y=
mn

mx 2  nx1 my2  ny1

Hence, x = and y = .......(1)
mn mn
Hence, co-ordinates of a point which divides the line segment joining the points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) in

mx 2  nx1 my2  ny1

the ratio m : n internally is , .
mn m  n

Note : (i) If P is the midpoint ofAB, then it dividesAB in the ratio 1 : 1, so its coordinates

x 1  x 2 y1  y 2
are , .
2 2
(ii) The coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining the points

mx 2 nx1 my 2 ny1
(x1, y1) and (x2, y2) externally in the ratio m : n are , .
mn mn
(iii) If the midpoints of the sides BC, AC and AB of 'ABC respectively are
P(x 1 , y 1 ), Q (x 2 , y2 ) and R(x 3 , x 3 ), then its vertices are
A (x1 + x2 + x3, y1 + y2 + y3), B (x1 x2 + x3, y1 y2 + y3) and
C (x1 + x2 x3, y1 + y2 y3).
(iv) The fourth vertex of a parallelogram whose three consecutive vertices are
(x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) when taken in order is (x1 x2 + x3, y1 y2 + y3).

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 Illustration 11.
Find the mid-point of the line segment joining the points (2, 6) and (6, 4)
and M be the mid-point of AB.
Solution:
Let A (2, 6) and B (6, 4) be the given points and M be the mid-point of AB.

x  x 2 y1  y 2 2  6  6  (4)
Then, M = 1 , = , = (4, 5)
2 2 2 2
Hence, the mid-point of AB is (4, 5).
Illustration 12.
Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining
the points (4, 3) and (8, 5) in the ratio 3 : 1 internally.
Solution:
Let P(x, y) be the required point. Using the section formula, we get
m=3 x1 = 4 x2 = 8
n=1 y1 = 3 y2 = 5
38  14 35  1 3
x= =7; y= =3
3 1 3 1
? (7, 3) is the required point.

Illustration 13.
In what ratio does the point (4, 6) divide the line segment joining the points
A(6, 10) and B(3, 8)?
Solution:
Let (4, 6) divides AB internally in the ratio m : n. Using the section formula, we get

3m 6n 8m  10n
(4, 6) = ,
mn mn
We know if (x, y) = (a, b), then x = a and y = b
3m 6n 8m  10n
So, 4= and 6 =
mn mn
Now, 4(m + n) = 3m 6n 4m 4n = 3m 6n
4m 3m = 6n + 4n 7m = 2n 7m = 2n
m 2
= m : n = 2 : 7
n 7
? The point (4, 6) divides the line segment joining points A(6, 10) and
B(3, 8) in the ratio 2 : 7.

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3.8 CENTROID OF A TRIANGLE:
(x1, y1, z1)
Let A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2) and C (x3, y3) are vertices of any A
triangle thenthe centroid is the point of intersection of the medians

(Line segment joining the mid-point of a side and its opposite 2

vertex is called a median of the triangle). G
Centroid divides the median in the ratio of 2 : 1. 1
B C
x1  x 2  x 3 y1  y 2  y3 (x , y , z ) D
Co-ordinates of centroid G = , . 2 2 2 (x3, y3, z3)
3 3

Illustration 14.
Find the centroid of ' ABC whose vertices are A (2, 3), B (4, 2) and
C ( 3, 2).
Solution:
Given, A (2, 3), B (4, 2) and C ( 3, 2).
x1  x 2  x 3 y1  y 2  y3
So, centroid of 'ABC = ,
3 3
2  4 3 3 2 2
= , = (1, 1)
3 3
Hence, (1, 1) is the centroid of 'ABC.

3.9 AREA OF A TRIANGLE :

Let ABC be any triangle whose vertices are A(x1, y1), B (x2, y2) and C (x3, y3). Draw BL, AM and CN
perpendiculars from B,Aand C respectively on the x-axis.ABLM,AMNC and BLNC are all trapeziums.
Area of 'ABC = Area of trapezium ABLM +Area of trapezium AMNC Area of trapezium BLNC

1
We know that, Area of trapezium = (sum of parallel sides) (distance between them)
2

Y
A (x1, y 1)

C
B (x 3, y3)
(x2, y2)

X' X
O L M N
(x2 , 0) (x 1 , 0) (x3 , 0)
Y'

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 1 1 1
? Area of 'ABC = (BL + AM) (LM) + (AM + CN) (MN) (BL + CN) (LN)
2 2 2

1 1 1
= (y2 + y1) (x1 x2) + (y1 + y3) (x3 x1) (y2 + y3) (x3 x2)
2 2 2

1
= [x (y y ) + x2 (y3 y1) + x3 (y1 y2)]
2 1 2 3

3.10 AREA OF A QUADRILATERAL:

Let the vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A (x1, y1), B (x2, y2), C (x3, y3) and D (x4, y4).
D (x4, y4)
C (x3, y3)

A B
(x1, y1) (x2, y2)
1. Area of quadrialeral ABCD = Area of 'ABC + Area of 'ACD
2. Area of a quadrilateral with vertices (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) and (x4, y4) taken in order is given by

1 x1  x 3 y1  y 3
.
2 x2  x4 y2  y4

Illustration 15.
Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose three consecutive vertices
are (8, 8), (6, 1) and ( 1, 1).
Solution:
Let the three vertices of the parallelogram beA(8, 8), B (6, 1) and C ( 1, 1) then fourth
vertex D (x, y) is given by
D (x, y) = (x1 x2 + x3, y1 y2 + y3) = (8 6 1, 8 1 + 1) = (1, 8)
Hence, the fourth vertex is D (1, 8).

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 [NCERT Questions]
Q.1 See figure and write the following : Y
(i) The coordinates of B. 6
(ii) The coordinates of C. 5 L
4
(iii) The point identified by
3
B 2 D
the coordinates (3, 5)
1
(iv) The point identified by M
X' X
5 4 3 2 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
the coordinates (2, 4). 1

(v) The abscissa of the point D. 2

H 3
(vi) The coordinates of the point L. G
4
(vii) The ordinate of the point H. E 5 C

(viii) The coordinates of the point M.

Y'
Sol. (i) (5, 2) (ii) (5, 5) (iii)E (iv) G (v) 5 (vi) (0, 5)

(vii) 3 (viii) (3, 0)

Q.2 In which quadrant or on which axis do each of the points (2, 4), (3, 1), (1, 0), (1, 2) and
(3, 5) lie ? Verify your answer by locating them on the Cartesian plane.

y
6
Quadrant II 5 Quadrant I
(2, 4)
4
3
2 (1, 2)
1
x x
Sol. 5 4 3 2 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
1
(3, 1)
2
3
4
(3, 5) 5
Quadrant III 6 Quadrant IV
y

The point (2, 4) lies in quadrant II, the point (3, 1) lies in the quadrant (IV). The point (1, 0) lies on
the negative x-axis, the point (1, 2) lies in the quadrant I and the point (3, 5) lies in the quadrant III.

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Q.3 Plot the points (x, y) given in the following table on the plane, choosing suitable units of distance
on the axes.

x 2 1 0 1 3
y 8 7 1.25 3 1

y
(2, 8) 8
(1, 7) 7
6
5
4
3 (1, 3)
2
1
Sol. x x
5 4 3 2 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 (3, 1)
(0, 1.25)
2
3
4
5
6
y

Q.4 Write the answer of each of the following questions.

(i) What is the name of horizontal and the vertical lines drawn to determine the position of
any point in the Cartesian plane ?
(ii) What is the name of each part of the plane formed by these two lines ?
(iii) Write the name of the point where these two lines intersect.
Sol. (i) Horizontal line is called x-axis and vertical line is called y-axis.
(ii) Quadrants
(iii) Origin

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 [Previous Year Questions]

1. What is the quadrilateral that is formed by joining the points (1, 1), (2, 4), (8, 4) and (10, 1)?
(A)Atriangle (B) A square (C)Arectangle (D)Atrapezium
[NSTSE-2013]

2. The graph of the linear equation 3x + 2y = 6 cuts the y-axis at the point [NMO]
(A) (2, 0) (B) (0, 2) (C) (0, 3) (D) (3, 0)

3. Abscissa of all the points on x-axis is __________. [6th IMO]

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) any number

4. In the adjoining figure, point P theintersection of lines l1 and l2 has the coordinates (a, b) as shown here.
Which of the following could be the ordered pair (a, b)? [5th IMO]
Y
l1

P(a,b)
X
O

l2

5 5 2 1
(A) 5, (B)  1, (C) (0, 4) (D) ,
2 8 3 3

5. Equation of the y-axis is

(A) x = 0 (B) y = 0 (C) y = x (D) y = x

6. A straight line parallel to the x-axis has equation

(A) x = a (B) y = a (C) y = x (D) y = x

7. If the point (3, 4) lies on the graph of the equation 3y = ax + 7, then the value of a is __________

2 4 5
(A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
3 3 3

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8. In the rectangular coordinate system below, the shaded region is bounded by straight lines. Which of the
following is not an equation of one of the boundary lines?

Y

(0,1)

O X
1 2

(A) x = 0 (B) x = 1 (C) x y = 0 (D) x + 2 y = 2

9. The Cartesian system is named in honour of the mathematician __________.

(A) Lesbnitz (B) Euclid (C) Laplace (D) Rene Descartes

10. The equation representing the given graph is :

Y
3
(2,2)
2 (3,2)
1
X' X
3 2 1 0 1 2 3
1) 1
2, 1 )
( 1, 2
(
3

Y'

35 y
(A) 7x + 2y = 11; y 2x = 3 (B) 2x + 7y = 11; 5x + = 25
2
(C) 3x 7y = 10; 8y 6x = 4 (D) 3x 4y = 1; 8y 6x = 4

11. The distance of the point (2, 0) from the origin is

(A) 1 unit (B) 2 units (C) 4 units (D) 0 units

12. Ordered pair(s) that satisfy the inequation x + y + 1 < 0, is

(A) (0, 1) (B) (2, 0) (C) (2, 4) (D) Both (B) and (C)

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 SECTION-A
x Multiple choice question with one correct answer
1. The point (0, y), where y is real always lies on the
(A) x-axis (B) origin (C) y-axis (D) ordinate

2. The distance of the point (2, 0) from the origin is

(A) 1 unit (B) 4 units (C) 2 units (D) none of these

3. If coordinates of point P are (x, y) such that x < 0, y = 0, then P lies on

(A) positive x-axis (B) positive y-axis (C) negative y-axis (D) negative x-axis

4. The point (2, 3) is at a distance of _______ units from x-axis

(A) 2 units (B) 5 units (C) 3 units (D) none

5. The point (2, 3) belongs to quadrant

(A) Q1 (B) Q2 (C) Q3 (D) Q4

6. To find the abscissa of a point in the first quadrant, which of the given steps is correct:
(A) Join the point with the x-axis
(B) Draw perpendicular on the x-axis from the point.
(C) Find the perpendicular distance of that point with the y-axis.
(D) None of these

7. To locate a point (a, b) in the third quadrant if a > 0, b > 0.

(A) Move only in the negative direction of x-axis.
(B) Move a units in the negative direction of x-axis then b units vertically downward in the negative
direction of y-axis parallel to the y-axis.
(C) Move b units along the x-axis
(D) None of these.

8. When both the coordinates of a point are negative then the point lies in the
(A) I quadrant (B) II quadrant (C) III quadrant (D) IV quadrant

9. To find the ordinate of a point in the first quadrant.

(A) Find the perpendicular distance of the point from the x-axis.
(B) Find the distance of the point from the y-axis.
(C) Find the distance of the point from the origin.
(D) None of these.

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 SECTION-B
x Multiple choice question with one or more than one correct answers
1. If the coordinates of point Aare (a, b) with ab > 0, thenA lies in
(A) I quadrant (B) II quadrant (C) III quadrant (D) IV quadrant

2. Which of the following statements is/are correct.

(A) The coordinate axes are mutually perpendicular to each other.
(B) The y-axis is also called as ordinate.
(C) The point of intersection of x-axis and y-axis is called as origin.
(D) The x-axis is also called as abscissa.

3. The perpendicular distance of point P(x, y) from y-axis is known as

(A) x coordinate (B) ordinate (C) y-coordinate (D) abscissa

4. The perpendicular distance of point P(x, y) from x-axis is known as

(A) x coordinate (B) abscissa (C) ordinate (D) y coordinate

SECTION-C
x Comprehension
Plot the points A(2, 0) B(2, 0), C(2, 2), D(0, 4), E(2, 2) on the graph paper and join them in order.
Now answer the following questions according to the figure obtained.

1. What is the figure obtained by joining the pointsABCDE.

(A) square (B) rectangle (C) triangle (D) pentagon

2. What is the area of the figure so formed.

(A) 12 sq. units (B) 8 sq. units (C) 4 sq. units (D) 2 sq. units

3. What is the distance of point E from x-axis.

(A) 2 units (B) 4 units (C) 4 units (D) 2 units

SECTION-D
x Assertion & Reason
Instructions: In the following questions asAssertion (A) is given followed by a Reason (R). Mark your
responses from the following options.
(A) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
(B) BothAssertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
(C)Assertion is true but Reason is false
(D)Assertion is false but Reason is true

1. Assertion: Point P(2, 3) is at a distance of 3 units from x-axis.

Reason: Ordinate gives the perpendicular distance of point from x-axis.

2. Assertion: The distance of point R(3, 4) from origin is 3 units.

Reason: The distance between two points is given by x 2 x1 2  y 2 y1 2

Scholar Classes, Ambedkar Nagar 17

 SECTION-E
x Match the following (one to one)
Column-I and column-II contains four entries each. Entries of column-I are to be matched with some
entries of column-II. Only one entry of column-I may have the matching with the one entry of column-II
and one entry of column-II may have only one matching with one entryof column-I

1. Column I [Point (x, y)] Column II [Point (x, y) lines in]

(i) x > 0, y > 0 (P) Q2
(ii) x < 0, y > 0 (Q) Q1
(iii) x < 0, y < 0 (R) Q4
(iv) x > 0, y < 0 (S) Q3

2. Column I [Point (x, y)] Column II [Point (x, y) lines on]

(i) x > 0, y = 0 (P) ive x-axis
(ii) x < 0, y = 0 (Q) ive y-axis
(iii) x = 0, y < 0 (R) + ive y-axis
(iv) x = 0, y > 0 (S) + ive x-axis

SECTION-F
x Match the following (one to many)
Column-I and column-II contains four entries each. Entries of column-I are to be matched with some
entries of column-II. One or more than one entries of column-Imayhave the matchingwith the same entries
of column-II and one entryof column-IImayhave one or more than one matching with entries of column-I

1. Column I [Point P(a, b)] Column II (Quadrant)

(i) a > 0, b t 0 (P) III quadrant
(ii) a < 0, b < 0 (Q) I quadrant
(iii) a > 0, b = 0 (R) Positive x-axis
(iv) a < 0, b d 0 (S) Negative x-axis

Scholar Classes, Ambedkar Nagar 18

 ANSWER KEY

1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. D

SECTION-A
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
8. C 9. A

SECTION-B
1. AC 2. AC 3. AD 4. CD

SECTION-C
1. D 2. A 3. D

SECTION-D
1. A 2. D

SECTION-E
1. (i)-(Q), (ii)-(P), (iii)-(S), (iv)-(R) 2. (i)-(S), (ii)-(P), (iii)-(Q), (iv)-(R)

SECTION-F
1. (i)-(Q,R),(ii)-(P), (iii)-(R), (iv)-(P,S)

Scholar Classes, Ambedkar Nagar 19