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    Aerated Lagoons 2005

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    Aerated lagoons/ponds are typically used to treat municipal and industrial wastewaters. They are designed as completely mixed flow reactors without recycle. Mass balances are performed for biomass and COD to model the system. Sludge age is used to measure the average time biomass spends in the system, and biomass washout can occur if flow increases to the point where substrate concentration approaches the influent level and biomass concentration approaches zero. Aerated lagoon design involves iteratively selecting a volume and depth based on influent characteristics and required treatment levels. Oxygen requirements and aeration system design are also considered.

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    Aerated Lagoons 2005

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    publikger
    67 views8 pages
    Aerated lagoons/ponds are typically used to treat municipal and industrial wastewaters. They are designed as completely mixed flow reactors without recycle. Mass balances are performed for biomass and COD to model the system. Sludge age is used to measure the average time biomass spends in the system, and biomass washout can occur if flow increases to the point where substrate concentration approaches the influent level and biomass concentration approaches zero. Aerated lagoon design involves iteratively selecting a volume and depth based on influent characteristics and required treatment levels. Oxygen requirements and aeration system design are also considered.

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    aerated lagoon waste water treatment

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    Aerated lagoons/ponds are typically used to treat municipal and industrial wastewaters. They are designed as completely mixed flow reactors without recycle. Mass balances are performed for biomass and COD to model the system. Sludge age is used to measure the average time biomass spends in the system, and biomass washout can occur if flow increases to the point where substrate concentration approaches the influent level and biomass concentration approaches zero. Aerated lagoon design involves iteratively selecting a volume and depth based on influent characteristics and required treatment levels. Oxygen requirements and aeration system design are also considered.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    67 views8 pages

    Aerated Lagoons 2005

    Uploaded by

    publikger
    Aerated lagoons/ponds are typically used to treat municipal and industrial wastewaters. They are designed as completely mixed flow reactors without recycle. Mass balances are performed for biomass and COD to model the system. Sludge age is used to measure the average time biomass spends in the system, and biomass washout can occur if flow increases to the point where substrate concentration approaches the influent level and biomass concentration approaches zero. Aerated lagoon design involves iteratively selecting a volume and depth based on influent characteristics and required treatment levels. Oxygen requirements and aeration system design are also considered.

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    Aerated Lagoons/Ponds

    Typically employed for treating municipal wastewaters, pulp and


    paper effluents, etc

    Usually designed as CFSTRs without recycle

    Typical Process Flowsheet

    Mass Balance Equations

    Initially, only consider mass balances on viable biomass (X) and


    biodegradable COD (S)

    Biomass Mass Balance

    Substrate Mass Balance


    Solving the Equations

    The soluble COD in the lagoon effluent will equal the sum of the
    residual biodegradable COD + the non-biodegradable soluble
    COD in the influent

    The total concentration of VSS in the lagoon effluent includes


    viable biomass + endogenous decay products + non-
    biodegradable VSS that is present in the influent
    The TSS concentration in the lagoon effluent includes:
    - FSS that are present in the influent
    - FSS that are present in the biological solids that are
    generated in the lagoon
    o Typically assume a volatile fraction of biomass

    Sludge Age

    A measure of the average time that biomass spends in the system

    mass of biomassin system


    c
    rate of biomass disch arg e

    An example:
    Biomass Washout

    A condition where biomass is washed out more rapidly that it can


    grow

    From previous biomass mass balance:

    For a fixed reactor volume, as flow increases, substrate (S)


    approaches the influent concentration and biomass (X)
    approaches 0

    Qm is the critical flow when S = So and X = 0

    Rearranging the previous equation:

    Design of processes should maintain sufficiently greater than


    m to ensure that washout will not occur.
    Design

    Typical materials of construction:


    concrete
    earthen with liners

    Aeration and Mixing:


    none (anaerobic)
    wind (facultative)
    mechanical aerators or diffused aeration (aerobic)
    details of design later

    Sedimentation of effluent is required


    - often an unmixed pond is employed
    Some typical design and operating parameters

    Parameter Anaerobic Facultative Aerated


    Residence time (days) 20-50 7-30 3-10
    BOD Loading (kg BOD/ha-d) <500 <50 NA*
    BOD Removal (%) <80% 80-90% 85-99%
    Effluent -BOD (mg/L) variable <30 <30
    Depth (m) >2 1-2 2-7
    Design Hydraulics PFR PFR CFSTR
    CFSTR

    *
    A wide range of loadings is possible depending upon level of
    aeration

    Design Process

    An iterative approach is required

    assume volume and depth


    calculate surface area
    estimate operating temperature
    calculate effluent concentrations
    check against required values
    adjust volume

    1.) Define: Influent characteristics (flow, w/w characterization)


    k, Ks, Y, kd - biokinetic coefficients at 20o C
    S - treatment efficiency
    Volume and depth Surface Area
    2.) Estimate operating temperature

    The Mancini and Barnhart equation is an empirical relationship


    that has been found to be adequate

    3.) Adjust temperature sensitive coefficients

    4.) Solve design equations to calculate effluent concentrations

    5.) Iterate

    6.) Calculate solids production

    Required for:
    - aeration system design (viable biomass + cell debris)
    - settling pond design (TSS)
    7.) Calculate oxygen requirements

    Oxygen required by biomass to oxidize organics that exert bCOD

    A minimum of 2 mg/L is usually required

    O2,R = oxygen requirements, kg O2/day

    8.) Design aeration system


    see later

    9.) Design sedimentation pond

    An Example:

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