CH 14

Chapter 14 - Project Closure
Chapter 14 Project Closure Answer Key
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The most common circumstance for project closure is simply a ________ project.
A. Completed
B. Overdue
C. Overbudget
D. Under achiveing
E. All the above are correct
The most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed project.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking

Bloom's: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Types of Project Closure
Level: Easy
2. What is not a wrap-up closure activity?

A. Facilities
B. Vendors
C. Customer
D. Profit report
E. Report
See Figure 14.1 on page 505.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Comprehension
Level: Medium
14-1
3. __________ of lessons learned are designed to improve performance on current and future
projects.
A. Retrospectives
B. Corrective action plans
C. Introspective
D. Culmination
E. Evolution
Retrospectives of lessons learned are designed to improve performance on current and future
projects.

Level: Easy
4. The content of the final report typically includes the following topics:
A. Lessons learned
B. Review and analysis
C. Recommendations
D. Executive summary
E. All the above are correct
The content of the final report typically includes the following topics: executive summary,
review and analysis, recommendations, lessons learned, and appendix.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Wrap-up Closure Activities
Level: Easy
14-2
5. When the project may be completed early with some parts of the project eliminated this is
considered to be ___________ closure.
A. Normal
B. Premature
C. Perpetual
D. Changed Priority
E. Failed Project
For a few projects, the project may be completed early with some parts of the project
eliminated. For example, in a new-product development project, a marketing manager may
insist on production models before testing.

Level: Easy
6. This type of closure occurs when the project may never seem to end. This is considered to
be ___________ closure.
A. Normal
B. Premature
C. Perpetual
D. Changed Priority
E. Failed Project
Some projects never seem to end. The major characteristic of this kind of project is constant
"add-ons," suggesting a poorly conceived project scope. At some point the review group
should recommend methods for bringing final closure to this type of project or the initiation
of another project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-3
7. Many projects will fail because of circumstances beyond the control of the project team is
called:
A. Normal
B. Premature
C. Perpetual
D. Failed Project
E. Changed Priority
Failed projects are usually easy to identify and easy for a review group to close down,
However, every effort should be made to communicate the technical (or other) reasons for
termination of the project; in any event project participants should not be left with an
embarrassing stigma of working on a project that failed. Many projects will fail because of
circumstances beyond the control of the project team.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
8. When a project may start with a high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its
project life cycle as conditions change this is an example of:
A. Normal
B. Premature
C. Perpetual
D. Failed Project
E. Changed Priority
Organizations' priorities often change and strategy shifts directions. For example, during the
2008-10 financial crisis organizations shifted their focus from money making projects to cost
savings projects. The oversight group continually revises project selection priorities to reflect
changes in organizational direction. Projects in process may need to be altered or canceled.
Thus, a project may start with a high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its project
life cycle as conditions change. When priorities change, projects in process may need to be
altered or canceled.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-4
9. Implementing closedown includes the following major activities except:

A. Getting delivery acceptance from the customer.
B. Shutting down resources and releasing to new uses.
C. Closing accounts and seeing all bills are paid.
D. E-mail the project team that the project is complete.
E. Creating a final report.
See list on page 508

Level: Medium
10. Which is not part of the team portion of the Wrap-up closure checklist?
A. Has a schedule for reducing project staff been developed and accepted?
B. Has staff been offered outplacement services and career counseling activities?
C. Have performance reviews for team members been conducted?
D. Has staff been released or notified of new assignments?
E. All are included.
See Table 14.1 on page 508.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-5
11. Under which heading of the Wrap-up closure checklist should the question "Has an in-
depth project review and evaluation interview with the customer been conducted?" be
answered.
A. Team
B. Vendors/contractors
C. Customer/Users
D. Equipment and facilities
E. Profit and loss statement

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
12. Under which heading of the Wrap-up closure checklist should the question "Have project
accounts been finalized and all billing closed?" be answered.
A. Team
B. Vendors/contractors
C. Customer/Users
D. Equipment and facilities
E. Profit and loss statement

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-6
13. Releasing the project team typically occurs _________ during the closure phase.
A. Gradually
B. Rarely
C. Without bombast
D. Rapidly
E. All at once
Releasing the project team typically occurs gradually during the closure phase. For many
people, termination of their responsible activities ends before the project is delivered to the
customer or user.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
14. In the Snapshot from Practice, New Balls Goes Flat in NBA, is an example of a project
gone wrong when the _______ is/are not consulted.
A. Manufacture
B. Equipment and facilities managers
C. End-users
D. Project manager
E. The Fans
The failure to check with the players (the end-users) and get buy-in for the new basketball
was loudly criticized by the press. "How they could actually even get it that far and not have
run it by the players is just an amazing, amazing exercise in ineptitude."

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-7
15. Closing out _________ is often messy and filled with untied ends.
A. Project review meetings
B. Reports
C. Invoices
D. Teams
E. Contracts
Since many work invoices are not submitted until after the project is officially over, closing
out contracts is often messy and filled with untied ends.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
16. Information on the project type, size, number of staff, and technology level would be
included in which section of the audit report?
A. Analysis
B. Recommendations
C. Classification of project
D. Lessons learned
E. Strategic objectives
See list on page 524.
AACSB: Analytic
Learning Objective: Retrospectives
Level: Medium
14-8
17. Project mission and objectives, procedures and systems used, and organization resources
used typically appear in the _____ section of the final project report.
A. Analysis
B. Recommendations
D. Lessons learned
The analysis section includes succinct, factual review statements of the projectfor example,
project mission and objectives, procedures and systems used, and organizational resources
used.

Level: Medium
18. Items technical in nature and focus on solutions to problems that surfaced would typically
appear in the _____ section of the final project report.
A. Analysis
B. Recommendations
D. Lessons learned
Usually, review recommendations represent major improvement actions that should take
place. They are often technical in nature and focus on solutions to problems that surfaced.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
14-9
19. The section of the final project report that new project teams are likely to find most useful
is the:
A. Analysis
B. Recommendations
D. Lessons learned
In practice, new project teams studying past project reports similar to the project they are
about to start have found past review reports very useful.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
20. Corrective actions that should take place (such as shifting to more resilient building
material) would typically appear in the _____ section of the final project report.
A. Analysis
B. Recommendations
D. Lessons learned
For example, to avoid rework, the report for a construction project recommended shifting to
more resilient building material. In other cases, they may include terminating or sustaining
vendor or contractor relationships.

Level: Medium
14-10
21. In the Snapshot from Practice, the results of analyzing the Katrina hurricane resulted in a
new evaluation plan from:
A. The state legislature
B. The governor of Louisiana
C. The city of New Orleans
D. The Red Cross
E. The national guard
Lessons learned from Katrina disaster are not limited to the military. Almost every agency
and support group, such as individuals, communities, churches, and other groups, has
developed lessons learned from their project response experience. For example, the Red Cross
and state guard have better plans for handling thousands of people problems involving shelter,
evacuation, and medical assistance.

Learning Objective: Post-Implementation Evaluation
Level: Difficult
22. The most common circumstance for project closure is:

A. Premature completion with some features eliminated
B. Project completion meeting costs, schedule, and quality
C. Project completion after modification of costs, schedule, or quality
D. Project termination due to technical difficulties
E. Perpetual projects that seem to go on and on before completion
The most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed project. For many
development projects, the end involves handing off the final design to production and the
creation of a new product or service line. Some modifications in scope, cost, and schedule
probably occurred during implementation.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
14-11
23. Project closures can fall into all of the following categories except:
A. Premature
B. Perpetual
C. Failed
D. Changed priority
E. All of these are categories for project closure
See list on Pages 506-507

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
24. In the Research Highlight, Chaos: Software Projects, the criterion which was deemed the
most important for project success was
A. Realistic expectations
B. Hard-working, focused staff
C. User involvement
D. Proper planning
E. Clear vision and objectives
The success criteria were weighted based on the input from the surveyed IT managers. The
most important criterion, "user involvement," was given 19 success points, while the least
important, "hard-working, focused staff," was given 3 success points.

Level: Medium
14-12
25. ____________ begins with a review of the strategic intent of the project, selection criteria,
project charter, project objectives, project scope, and acceptance criteria.
A. Process Review
B. Project Overview
C. Analysis
D. Recommendations
E. Directing
Process review begins with a review of the strategic intent of the project, selection criteria,
project charter, project objectives, project scope, and acceptance criteria.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
26. The typical mechanism for evaluation of teams is normally:

A. A survey completed by the team members
B. A personal interview of each team member
C. An analysis by an outside consultant
D. A survey completed by members of top management
E. A survey completed by the internal or external customers
With survey information in hand, the facilitator then visits one-on-one with project team
members, the project manager, and other stakeholders to dive deeper into cause-effect
impacts. Fundamentally, the attempt is to isolate "the lack of x resulted in y."
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Difficult
14-13
27. More and more companies are discarding the traditional superior-subordinate performance
feedback process and replacing it with:
A. Critical incidences review
B. Management by objectives
C. The 360-degree feedback
D. Both B and C are correct
E. A, B, and C are all correct
More and more companies are discarding the traditional superior-subordinate performance
feedback process and replacing it with 360-degree feedback systems. The 360-degree
feedback approach gathers behavioral observations from many sources within the
organization and includes employee self assessment.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
28. The project closure process includes all of the following except:
A. Shutting down resources and releasing to new uses
B. Reassigning project team members
C. Conduct an audit
D. Getting delivery acceptance from the customer
E. Closing accounts and seeing all bills are paid
Releasing the project team typically occurs gradually during the closure phase. For many
people, termination of their responsible activities ends before the project is delivered to the
customer or user. Reassignment for these participants needs to take place well before the final
finish date. In addition, for the remaining team members (full or part time), termination may
result in a new project or returning to their functional job. Also reassignment for these
participants needs to take place well before the final finish date. Since many work invoices
are not submitted until after the project is officially over, closing out contracts is often messy
and filled with untied ends. Finally getting delivery acceptance by the customer is a major and
critical closure activity.
AACSB: Analytic
Learning Objective: Wrap-up Closure Activities and LO: Types of Project Closure
Level: Medium
14-14
29. In organizations where projects are managed within a ____________, the team member's
area manager, not the project manager, is responsible for assessing performance.
A. Functional organization
B. Matrix organization
C. Flat organization
D. Both A and C are correct
In organizations where projects are managed within a functional organization, the team
member's area manager, not the project manager, is responsible for assessing performance.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
30. Performance evaluations of project teams should:

A. Provide the basis for individual development
B. Provide the basis for participation on future projects
C. Provide the basis for salary increases
D. Both A and C are correct
The first is developmental in nature: the focus is on identifying individual strengths and
weaknesses and developing action plans for improving performance. The second is evaluative
and involves assessing how well the person has performed in order to determine salary or
merit adjustments.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
Fill in the Blank Questions
14-15
31. ________ is the most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed
project.
Normal
Normal is the most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
32. The project may be completed early with some parts of the project eliminated is known as
_________.
premature
Premature for a few projects, the project may be completed early with some parts of the
project eliminated.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
33. ____________ are usually easy to identify and easy for a review group to close down.
Failed project
Failed projects are usually easy to identify and easy for a review group to close down,
however, every effort should be made to communicate the technical (or other) reasons for
termination of the project; in any event project participants should not be left with an
embarrassing stigma of working on a project that failed.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
14-16
34. Projects in process may need to be altered or canceled. Thus, a project may start with a
high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its project life cycle as conditions change.
This is called __________.
changed priority
The oversight group continually revises project selection priorities to reflect changes in
organizational direction. Projects in process may need to be altered or canceled. Thus, a
project may start with a high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its project life
cycle as conditions change. When priorities change, projects in process may need to be altered
or canceled.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
35. A schedule for reducing project staff been developed and accepted is a question that is
asked in the completion of the ___________.
wrap-up closure checklist
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Difficult
36. The summary simply highlights the key findings and facts relating to the project
implementation is called the ___________.
executive summary
Executive Summary is the summary that simply highlights the key findings and facts relating
to the project implementation.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Easy
14-17
37. Some organizations have project closure checklists of over _____ wrap-up tasks!
100
Some organizations have project closure checklists of over 100 wrap-up tasks!
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Wrap-up closure checklist
Level: Medium
38. The ________ section of the final project report includes succinct, factual review
statements of the project such as, project mission and objectives, procedures and systems
used, and organizational resources used.
analysis
The analysis section includes succinct, factual review statements of the projectfor example,
project mission and objectives, procedures and systems used, and organizational resources
used.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
39. Perhaps _________ are the most valuable contribution of the closure process.
lessons learned
Perhaps lessons learned are the most valuable contribution of the closure process.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-18
40. The ________ section of the final project report are often technical in nature and focus on
solutions to problems that surfaced.
recommendations
Recommendations are often technical in nature and focus on solutions to problems that
surfaced.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
41. A completed ___________ is a good example of the need to work out the details in
advance.
software program
A completed software program is a good example of the need to work out the details in
advance.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
42. A project closure is considered ________ if it never seems to end due to constant "add-
ons" in attempt to improve the project outcome.
perpetual
Some projects never seem to end. The major characteristic of this kind of project is constant
"add-ons," suggesting a poorly conceived project scope.

Level: Medium
14-19
43. The purpose of ____________ is to assess how well the project team, team members, and
project manager performed.
performance evaluation
The purpose of project evaluation is to assess how well the project team, team members, and
project manager performed.

Level: Medium
44. The ________ feedback approach gathers anonymous feedback solicited from others is
compared with the individual's self-evaluations, the individual may form a more realistic
picture of her strengths and weaknesses.
360-degree
When anonymous feedback solicited from others is compared with the individual's self-
evaluations, the individual may form a more realistic picture of her strengths and weaknesses.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
45. In some ____________, project managers conduct the performance reviews, while area
managers are responsible for pay reviews.
matrix organizations
In some matrix organizations, project managers conduct the performance reviews, while area
managers are responsible for pay reviews.

Level: Easy
14-20
46. Project managers should be ________ giving team members feedback throughout the
project so that individual team members can have a pretty good idea how well they have
performed and how the manager feels before the formal meeting.
constantly
Project managers should be constantly giving team members feedback throughout the project
so that individual team members can have a pretty good idea how well they have performed
and how the manager feels before the formal meeting.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
47. The _________ of projects by characteristics allows prospective readers, teams, and
project managers to be selective in the search and use of report content.
Classification
The classification of projects by characteristics allows prospective readers, teams, and project
managers to be selective in the search and use of report content.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
48. The most common reason given for not creating lessons learned is _________.
lack of time
The most common reason given for not creating lessons learned is lack of time.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-21
49. A ________ is a methodology that analyzes a past project event to determine what worked
and what didn't, develops lessons learned, and creates an action plan that ensures lessons
learned are used to improve management of future projects.
retrospective
A retrospective is a methodology that analyzes a past project event to determine what worked

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
50. _________ are binary; either you have reached requirements completion or you have not.
Milestones
Milestones are binary; either you have reached requirements completion or you have not.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
51. The Standish Group International's market research on software projects, called Chaos
showed that ___ percent of all software projects are cancelled before completion.
31
The Standish Group International is a market research and advisory firm specializing in
mission critical software and electronic commerce. They have conducted and published
extensive research on the success and failure of software development/application projects.
Their research, code name "Chaos," shows that a staggering 31 percent of software projects
will be canceled before they are ever completed.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-22
52. A __________ is a guide who leads the project team through an analysis of project
activities that went well, what needs improvement, and development of a follow-up action
plan with goals and accountability.
project facilitator
A project facilitator is a guide who leads the project team through an analysis of project
activities that went well, what needs improvement, and development of a follow-up action
plan with goals and accountability.

Level: Easy
53. __________ represent an analysis carried out during and shortly after the project life
cycle; they attempt to capture positive and negative project learning.
Lessons learned
Lessons learned represent an analysis carried out during and shortly after the project life
cycle; they attempt to capture positive and negative project learning.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
54. An upbeat, festive celebration brings closure to the enjoyable experiences everyone has
had and the need to say good-bye is considered to be a ____________.
celebration
A final wrap up activity for the facilitator is the project closure celebration. An upbeat, festive
celebration brings closure to the enjoyable experiences everyone has had and the need to say
good-bye. Celebration is an opportunity to recognize the effort project stakeholders
contributed.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-23
True / False Questions
55. In a Perpetual project the most common circumstance for project closure is simply a
completed project.
FALSE
Normal project is where the most common circumstance for project closure is simply a
completed project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
56. In a Premature projects, the project may be completed early with some parts of the project
eliminated.
TRUE
Premature for a few projects, the project may be completed early with some parts of the
project eliminated.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
57. Retrospectives of lessons learned are designed to improve performance on current and
future projects.
TRUE
Retrospectives of lessons learned are designed to improve performance on current and future
projects.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-24
58. When a project may start with a high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its
project life cycle as conditions change this is an example of change changed priority.
TRUE
Organizations' priorities often change and strategy shifts directions. For example, during the
2008-10 financial crisis organizations shifted their focus from money making projects to cost
savings projects. The oversight group continually revises project selection priorities to reflect
changes in organizational direction. Projects in process may need to be altered or canceled.
Thus, a project may start with a high priority but see its rank erode or crash during its project
life cycle as conditions change. When priorities change, projects in process may need to be
altered or canceled.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
59. Part of the content of the final report typically includes profit made on the project.
FALSE
The content of the final report typically includes the following topics: executive summary,
review and analysis, recommendations, lessons learned, and appendix.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
60. The project manager's challenge is to keep the project team focused on the remaining
project activities and delivery to the customer until the project is complete.
TRUE
The project manager's challenge is to keep the project team focused on the remaining project
activities and delivery to the customer until the project is complete.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-25
61. Implementing closedown includes getting delivery acceptance from the customer.
TRUE
See List on page 508.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
62. Project Summary is the summary that simply highlights the key findings and facts relating
FALSE
Executive Summary is the summary that simply highlights the key findings and facts relating

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
63. Analysis examines in detail the underlying causes of problems, issues, and successes.
TRUE
Analysis examines in detail the underlying causes of problems, issues, and successes.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-26
64. The ideal scenario is to have the team member's next assignment ready when project
completion is announced.
TRUE
The ideal scenario is to have the team member's next assignment ready when project
completion is announced.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
65. The maximum items on a checklist for closing a project are 50.
FALSE
Closing out a project can be intimidating. Some organizations have checklists of over 100
wrap-up tasks!

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Difficult
66. Lessons learned from the Katrina disaster are not limited to the military. Almost every
agency and support group, such as individuals, communities, churches, and other groups, has
developed lessons learned from their project response experience.
TRUE
Lessons learned from the Katrina disaster are not limited to the military. Almost every agency
and support group, such as individuals, communities, churches, and other groups, has
developed lessons learned from their project response experience.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-27
67. Evaluation of individuals implies measurement against all team members.

FALSE
Evaluation implies measurement against specific criteria.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
68. Performance evaluations of project team members are typically well done because the
evaluations are conducted by the team member's home department.
FALSE
In a macro sense, the evidence today suggests that performance evaluation is not done well.
The major reasons cited by practitioners are twofold: 1. Evaluations of individuals are still left
to supervisors of the team member's home department. 2. Typical measures of team
performance center on time, cost, and specifications.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
69. The most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed project such as
building a new facility or creating a customized information system.
TRUE
Normal is the most common circumstance for project closure is simply a completed project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-28
70. A project closure where the project is completed early with some parts of the project
eliminated would be classified as project failure.
FALSE
For a few projects, the project may be completed early with some parts of the project
eliminated. For example, in a new-product development project, a marketing manager may
insist on production models before testing. This is a premature closing project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
71. The key requirement in selection of the facilitator is one who is the end-user.
FALSE
The key requirement in selection of the facilitator is independence.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
72. Performance appraisals generally fulfill five important functions.

TRUE
Performance appraisals generally fulfill two important functions. The first is developmental in
nature: the focus is on identifying individual strengths and weaknesses and developing action
plans for improving performance. The second is evaluative and involves assessing how well
the person has performed in order to determine salary or merit adjustments.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-29
73. Some organizations rely simply on an informal discussion between the project manager
and the project member while other organizations require project managers to submit written
evaluations that describe and assess an individual's performance on a project.
TRUE
Some organizations rely simply on an informal discussion between the project manager and
the project member while other organizations require project managers to submit written
evaluations that describe and assess an individual's performance on a project.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
74. A 360-degree performance evaluation includes feedback from peers, project managers,
subordinates, and even customers.
TRUE
One process that appears to be gaining wider acceptance is the multirater appraisal or "360-
degree feedback," which involves soliciting feedback concerning team members' performance
from all the people their work affects. This would include not only project and area managers,
but also peers, subordinates, and even customers.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
75. Project managers should, when possible, draw comparisons to other team members when
conducting individual team member reviews.
FALSE
Avoid, when possible, drawing comparisons with other team members; rather, assess the
individual in terms of established standards and expectations. Comparisons tend to undermine
cohesion and divert attention away from what the individual needs to do to improve
performance.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Easy
14-30
76. Retrospective methodology is one positive step toward ensuring lessons learned are
developed and implemented.
TRUE
Retrospective methodology is one positive step toward ensuring lessons learned are developed
and implemented.

Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
Short Answer Questions
77. What are the six major activities implementing project closedown?
1. Getting delivery acceptance from the customer, 2. Shutting down resources and releasing to
new uses, 3. Reassigning project team members, 4. Closing accounts and seeing all bills are
paid, 5. Delivering the project to the customer, 6. Creating a final report.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
78. Identify the four areas of the project closure checklist.
1. Team, 2. Vendors/contactors, 3. Customers/users, 4. Equipment and facilities.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-31
79. Identify the three major deliverables for project closure.
1. Wrapping up the project, 2. Evaluation of performance and management of the project.3.

Retrospectives.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
80. How does the project managers meet the challenge to keep the project team focused on the
remaining project activities and delivery to the customer until the project is complete?
Communicating a closure and review plan and schedule early allows the project team to (1)
accept the psychological fact the project will end and (2) prepare to move on. The ideal
scenario is to have the team member's next assignment ready when project completion is
announced. Project managers need to be careful to maintain their enthusiasm for completing
the project and hold people accountable to deadlines, which are prone to slip during the
waning stages of the project.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Difficult
81. Identify the five common parts to the final project report.
1. Executive Summary, 2. analysis of information gathered, 3. recommendations, 4. lessons

learned, and 5. appendix.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
14-32
82. Identify and briefly describe the five most common classifications for the way that
projects end.
1. normal; project ended as planned, 2. premature; project ended early with some parts
eliminated, 3. perpetual; project extend due to increases in scope, 4. failed; project could not
be completed, and 5. changed priority; shifts in organization priorities due to changes in
market or technology.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Difficult
83. List the five, distinguishing characteristics to ensure Retrospectives methodology

embedded effectiveness and value?
1. Uses an independent facilitator. 2. Includes a minimum of three in-process learning gates

during the life project cycle. 3. Has an owner. 4. Develops a repository that is easy to use. 5.
Mandates a discipline that ensures retrospectives are used.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
84. How does Norman Kerth define retrospective in his text Project Retrospectives?
A retrospective is a methodology that analyzes a past project event to determine what worked
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Difficult
14-33
85. What guidelines should a project manager follow in conducting performance reviews?
1. Have the individual prepare a self-evaluation, 2. compare with standards not other people,
3. focus on specific behaviors rather than the individual, 4. be consistent and fair with all team
members, and 5. treat the review as a point in an ongoing process.
AACSB: Analytic
Level: Medium
86. What is a 360-degree feedback and how is it used?
A 360-degree feedback is a performance evaluation technique that is gaining popularity in

project management. It solicits feedback from all the people that the team member's work
affects, e.g., project managers, peers, subordinates and customers.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Medium
87. In the Research Highlight "Measures of Team Performance," what was the major finding
of the research survey?
1. too few teams (52%) received a collective evaluation of their performance and 2. of the
22% who said they did receive an evaluation, it lasted only approximately 20 minutes.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Difficult
14-34
88. Explain what Lessons learned represent.
Lessons learned represent an analysis carried out during and shortly after the project life
cycle; they attempt to capture positive and negative project learning. That is, "what worked
and what didn't?" Lessons learned (postmortems, post-project review, or whatever name you
choose to use) have long been part of project management.
AACSB: Analytic
Bloom's: Knowledge
Level: Difficult
14-35

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Chapter 14 - Project Closure

Chapter 14 Project Closure Answer Key

Multiple Choice Questions

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

2. What is not a wrap-up closure activity?

See Figure 14.1 on page 505.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

9. Implementing closedown includes the following major activities except:

See list on page 508

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

See Table 14.1 on page 508.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

See Table 14.1 on page 508.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

See Table 14.1 on page 508.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

See list on page 524.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

22. The most common circumstance for project closure is:

See list on Pages 506-507

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

26. The typical mechanism for evaluation of teams is normally:

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

30. Performance evaluations of project teams should:

Fill in the Blank Questions

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

See Table 14.1 on page 508.

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

True / False Questions

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking

AACSB: Reflective Thinking